oxalate degrading enzyme
{{refimprove|date=April 2017}}File:Structure of oxalate.svg anion is equivalent to two molecules of carbon dioxide to which two electrons have been added. Removal of these electrons in a redox reaction may permit liberation of carbon dioxide.{{Cite journal
| url = http://www.pnas.org/content/113/2/320.full.pdf
| doi = 10.1073/pnas.1518537113
| title = One-carbon chemistry of oxalate oxidoreductase captured by X-ray crystallography
| journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
| first = Marcus I. | last = Gibson
| display-authors = etal
| publisher = PNAS
| date = 2016-01-12
| volume = 113
| number = 2
| pages = 320–325
}}]]
An oxalate degrading enzyme is a type of enzyme that catalyzes the biodegradation of oxalate. Enzymes in this class include oxalate oxidase, oxalate decarboxylase, oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase, and formyl-CoA transferase.
Specific enzymes
Oxalate oxidase （Enzyme Commission number {{EC number|1.2.3.4}}{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/enzymereferencec0000puri|url-access=registration|title=The Enzyme Reference: A Comprehensive Guidebook to Enzyme Nomenclature, Reactions, and Methods|author=Daniel L. Purich, R. Donald Allison|publisher=Academic Press|date=Jan 4, 2003|page=[https://archive.org/details/enzymereferencec0000puri/page/633 633]|isbn=9780125680417 }}）occurs mainly in plants. It can degrade oxalic acid into carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vX0pBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA50|title=Oxalate Metabolism in Relation to Urinary Stone|editor=G. Alan Rose|publisher=Springer|date=2012-12-06|page=50|isbn=9781447116264}}
Oxalate decarboxylase (OXDC，{{EC number|4.1.1.2}}) is a kind of oxalate degrading enzyme containing Mn2+,[http://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/4.1.1.2 ENZYME entry: EC 4.1.1.2], ExPASy Bioinformatics Resource Portal, accessed 19 March 2017. found mainly in fungi or some bacteria. Brown rot fungi secrete oxalate to break down cellulose fibers of wood, but deploy this enzyme to permit regulatory control over the total quantity of oxalate present.{{Cite journal
| url = https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2012/fpl_2012_hastrup001.pdf
| title = Enzymatic oxalic acid regulation correlated with wood degradation in four brown-rot fungi
| given1 = Anne Christine Steenkjær | last1 = Hastrup
| given2 = Frederick III | last2 = Green
| given3 = Patricia K. | last3 = Lebow
| given4 = Bo | last4 = Jensen
| journal = International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation
| volume = 75
| year = 2012
| pages = 109–114
| doi = 10.1016/j.ibiod.2012.05.030
}} It can appear in the absence of other cofactors under the action of the degradation of oxalic acid directly to form formic acid and CO2.
Oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase（{{EC number|4.1.1.8}}）mainly mediates degradation of bacterial oxalic acid.
Formyl-CoA transferase （{{EC number|2.8.3.16}}）mediates the exchange of oxalyl and formyl groups on coenzyme A, interconverting formyl-CoA and oxalyl-CoA.
Calcium oxalate stones and oxalate degrading enzymes
Calcium oxalate is the main component of the most common type of kidney stone in humans.