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pangasius

{{Short description|Genus of fishes}}

{{For|the fish commonly sold as Pangasius|basa (fish)}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Pangasiidae - Pangasius sanitwongsei.jpg

| image_caption = Pangasius sanitwongsei

| taxon = Pangasius

| authority = Valenciennes, 1840

| type_species = Pangasius pangasius

| type_species_authority = Hamilton, 1822

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = See text.

| synonyms =

  • Pseudopangasius Bleeker, 1862
  • Neopangasius Popta, 1904
  • Sinopangasius Chang & Wu, 1965

}}

Pangasius is a genus of medium-large to very large shark catfishes native to fresh water in South and Southeast Asia. The term "pangasius" is sometimes used to specifically refer to the commercially important basa fish, P. bocourti.{{cite web| url =http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/506/pdfs/uksi_20060506_en.pdf| publisher = COT| title =Fish Labelling (Amendment) (England) Regulations 2006| date =26 May 2007| access-date = 22 July 2009}}

Taxonomy

In 1993, Pangasius was one of two extant genera (along with Helicophagus) in the family Pangasiidae. At this point, it was split into four subgenera. Pangasius (Pangasianodon) included P. gigas and P. hypophthalmus and was diagnosed by the absence of mandibular barbels, the absence of teeth in adults and the presence of a single-lobed swimbladder. Pangasius (Pteropangasius) included P. micronema and P. pleurotaenia and was typified by four lobes in the swimbladder and with multiple segments in the last lobe. Pangasius (Neopangasius) included P. nieuwenhuisii, P. humeralis, P. lithostoma, P. kinabatanganensis, and typically had palatal teeth arranged in a single large patch and high vertebral counts. Pangasius (Pangasius) was the final subgenus and had no unique features, including the remaining species.{{cite journal|title=Revision of the Pangasius kunyit catfish complex, with description of two new species from South-East Asia (Siluriformes; Pangasiidae)|first=R.|last=Gustiano|author2=Teugels, G. G. |author3=Pouyaud, L. |journal=Journal of Natural History|year=2003|volume=37|pages=357–376|doi=10.1080/713834687|issue=3|bibcode=2003JNatH..37..357G }} These subgeneric classifications were confirmed in 2000 except for Neopangasius, found to be polyphyletic and to be part of Pangasius (Pangasius), thus leaving three subgenera.

Since then, the subgenera have been variably recognized as separate. P. gigas and P. hypophthalmus have been classified in the genus Pangasianodon, and P. micronemus and P. pleurotaenia in the genus Pseudolais (with Pteropangasius as a junior synonym).{{cite journal|url=http://silurus.acnatsci.org/ACSI/library/biblios/2007_Ferraris_Catfish_Checklist.pdf|title=Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types|first=Carl J. Jr.|last=Ferraris|journal=Zootaxa|volume=1418|pages=1–628|year=2007|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1418.1.1}}

In 2011, Pangasius was sixth in the National Fisheries Institute’s "Top 10" list of the most consumed seafood in the United States.{{cite web| url=http://www.aboutseafood.com/press/press-releases/nfi-top-ten-list-familiar-school-fish| title=NFI Top Ten List, a Familiar School of Fish| work=AboutSeafood.com| publisher=National Fisheries Institute}} The Top 10 is based on tonnage of fish sold. According to the NFI, this mild-flavored white-fleshed fish is farmed in Asia, and is being used increasingly in food service. It is finding its way onto restaurant menus and into stores, as well, where one may see it called basa, tra, or swai. They are either called Panga, Pangas or Pangasius. In Malaysia and Indonesia, Pangasius are called Ikan Patin, while Malaysian Chinese call Pangasius 巴丁鱼. Some species like Pangasius Nasutus, Pangasius Djambal and Pangasius Sanitwongsei are expensive food fish in Malaysia, Pangasius Sanitwongsei was also a common fish in aquarium trade and sport fishing.

=Species=

File:Pangasius larnaudii.jpg

Currently, 22 recognized species are in this genus:{{FishBase genus | genus = Pangasius | month = February | year = 2012}}

  • Pangasius icaria Kathirvelpandian P.V. Ayyathurai, Paramasivam Kodeeswaran, Vindhya Mohindra, Rajeev K. Singh, Charan Ravi, Rahul Kumar, BasheerSaidmuhammed Valaparambil, Ajith Kumar Thipramalai Thangappan, Joykrushna Jena and Kuldeep K. Lal. 2022{{Cite journal |last1=Ayyathurai |first1=Kathirvelpandian P.V. |last2=Kodeeswaran |first2=Paramasivam |last3=Mohindra |first3=Vindhya |last4=Singh |first4=Rajeev K. |last5=Ravi |first5=Charan |last6=Kumar |first6=Rahul |last7=Valaparambil |first7=BasheerSaidmuhammed |last8=Thipramalai Thangappan |first8=Ajith Kumar |last9=Jena |first9=Joykrushna |last10=Lal |first10=Kuldeep K. |date=2022-11-08 |title=Description of a new Pangasius (Valenciennes, 1840) species, from the Cauvery River extends distribution range of the genus up to South Western Ghats in peninsular India |journal=PeerJ |language=en |volume=10 |pages=e14258 |doi=10.7717/peerj.14258 |doi-access=free |issn=2167-8359 |pmc=9651045 |pmid=36389433}}

Fossil record

The single known fossil species of this genus, P. indicus, is reported from the Paleogene period of Sipang, Sumatra, either from the Eocene or the Oligocene.

References

{{Wikispecies|Pangasius}}

{{Reflist}}

External links

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Category:Pangasiidae

Category:Paleogene genus first appearances

Category:Catfish genera

Category:Taxa named by Achille Valenciennes

Category:Freshwater fish genera

Category:Extant Paleogene first appearances