phase-out of incandescent light bulbs

The light from an incandescent source is similar in character to that from a Planckian "black body" in spectral distribution, that is, the bulb, as the filament heats up, produces light at wavelengths throughout the visible spectrum. Alternative light sources use phosphors or combinations of mono-chromatic LEDs (red, blue, and green) to produce "white" light, giving significantly irregular spectral distributions that can create color casts in photography and differences of color matching when compared to incandescent light or daylight.{{cite web|url=http://www.gelighting.com/na/business_lighting/education_resources/learn_about_light/distribution_curves.htm |work=GE Lighting |title=Spectral Power Distribution Curves |access-date=8 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626153615/http://www.gelighting.com/na/business_lighting/education_resources/learn_about_light/distribution_curves.htm |archive-date=26 June 2012 }}{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}

Halogen lamps are a type of incandescent lamp with improved efficiency over regular incandescent lamps. Though not as energy efficient as other alternatives, they are up to 40 percent more efficient than standard incandescent lamps designed for a 2000-hour life.{{cite book|editor-first=Donald R.|editor-last=Wulfinghoff|title=Energy Efficiency Manual|publisher=Energy Institute Press|year=1999|isbn=0-9657926-7-6|page=1032}} Depending on size, voltage, and designed life, small, low-voltage halogen lamps can have 70% higher efficacy than large, line-voltage lamps. They operate at a high temperature, which may be a safety hazard in some applications.

A compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) uses a fluorescent lamp tube which is curved or folded to fit into the space of an incandescent bulb and contains a compact electronic ballast in the base of the lamp. Compared to general-service incandescent lamps giving the same amount of visible light, CFLs use one-fifth to one-third the electric power and may last eight to fifteen times longer.{{cite web| title=Light Bulbs for Consumers| work=Energy Star| access-date=8 January 2014| url=http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=cfls.pr_cfls| archive-date=7 February 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207005954/http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=cfls.pr_cfls| url-status=dead}} Newer phosphor formulations have improved the perceived color, with "soft white" CFLs judged subjectively similar to standard incandescent lamps.{{Cite news|title=The Best Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs: PM Lab Test |last=Masamitsu |first=Emily |date=May 2007 |work=Popular Mechanics |access-date=15 May 2007 |url=http://www.popularmechanics.com/home_journal/home_improvement/4215199.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070426184034/http://www.popularmechanics.com/home_journal/home_improvement/4215199.html |archive-date=26 April 2007 }} Objections more specifically relating to compact fluorescent light bulbs include the different quality of light produced by phosphor-based lamps compared to incandescent lamps{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/06/business/energy-environment/06bulbs.html | work= The New York Times | title=Incandescent Bulbs Return to the Cutting Edge | date=6 July 2009|access-date=8 January 2014|last=Broydo Vestel|first=Leora}} and that compact fluorescent light bulbs contain small amounts of mercury, a potent neurotoxin, which is especially dangerous to children and pregnant women, and made more serious by the confined area into which mercury would be dispersed in the event of a breakage indoors.{{cite news| url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=7431198 | publisher= NPR | title=CFL Bulbs Have One Hitch: Toxic Mercury| date=15 February 2007|last=Shogren|first=Elizabeth|access-date=8 January 2014}} Environmental concerns about mercury contamination from CFLs have been raised,{{cite news|last=Tinsley|first=Anna M.|title=Barton takes dim view of federal light bulb policy|url=http://www.star-telegram.com/2011/03/21/2939246/barton-takes-dim-view-of-federal.html|newspaper=Star-Telegram|access-date=8 January 2014|date=22 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106153211/http://www.star-telegram.com/2011/03/21/2939246/barton-takes-dim-view-of-federal.html|archive-date=6 January 2014|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|title='Heated' debate over incandescent bulbs|url=http://greenenergybc.wordpress.com/2011/01/28/%E2%80%98heated%E2%80%99-debate-over-incandescent-bulbs/|work=The official blog of B.C. Citizens for Green Energy|publisher=British Columbia Citizens for Green Energy|access-date=9 April 2013}} but they can be shown to emit less mercury into the environment overall compared to traditional incandescent bulbs, due to the significant reductions in power plant emissions.{{Cite web|url=https://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/promotions/change_light/downloads/Fact_Sheet_Mercury.pdf|title=ENERGY STAR | The simple choice for energy efficiency.|website=energystar.gov}} Compact fluorescent lamps start poorly when cold, and most types cannot be dimmed. A few specialist applications are unsuitable for CFLs.

Light emitting diode (LED) lamps are used for both general and special-purpose lighting. Their advantages over fluorescent bulbs{{cite web|url=http://www.consumersearch.com/light-bulbs/led-light-bulbs|title=LED light bulbs – Light bulb reviews|work=ConsumerSearch.com|access-date=9 January 2014|year=2010}} include: they use less power for the same light output, [https://viribright.com/blogs/insights/comparing-led-vs-cfl-vs-incandescent-light-bulbs Comparing LED vs CFL vs Incandescent Light Bulbs] Viribright Corp., August

10, 2023 they contain no mercury, they turn on instantly over a wider range of temperatures, their lifetime is less affected by cycling on and off, they have no glass to break, and they emit less UV rays that fade colored materials.{{cite web|title=Study: Fluorescent Light Bulbs Emit High Levels Of UV Radiation|url=http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2012/10/18/study-fluorescent-light-bulbs-emit-high-levels-of-uv-radiation/|work=CBS Los Angeles|access-date=8 January 2014|date=18 October 2012}} LED lamps radiate much less heat than other technologies, and can be either multi-directional or unidirectional, eliminating the need for a mirrored reflector in the bulb or fixture.{{cite web|title=Improving LED Luminescence and Directionality with Nano Technology|url=http://www.digikey.com/us/en/techzone/lighting/resources/articles/Improving-LED-Luminescence-and-Directionality.html|publisher=digikey.com|access-date=30 December 2012|first=Armando Emanuel|last=Roggio|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107055258/http://www.digikey.com/us/en/techzone/lighting/resources/articles/Improving-LED-Luminescence-and-Directionality.html|archive-date=7 January 2013|url-status=dead}} LED lamps can emit saturated colored light. Disadvantages include spectrum limitations due to discrete emission colors. Their purchase cost was much higher than other bulbs, but has decreased steadily over the years.

[[File:Phase-Out-of-Incandescent-Light-Bulbs-World-Map.png|thumb|450px|Phase out of incandescent light bulbs around the world

{{legend|green|A full ban}}

{{legend|yellow|A partial ban}}

{{legend|#FF8C00|A program to exchange a number of light bulbs with more efficient types}}

]]

Botswana has an exchange program distributing CFL bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://www.gov.bw/en/Citizens/Citizen-News/BPC-distributes-free-CFL-Bulbs/|title=Republic of Botswana – Government portal|website=gov.bw|access-date=19 March 2018}}

Of the members of ECOWAS, Cape Verde, Guinea, Mali, Nigeria, Benin and Togo have had exchange programs to replace incandescent bulbs with energy efficient versions.{{cite web|url=http://www.ren21.net/Portals/0/documents/e-paper/ECOWAS/page63.html#/62|title=ECOWAS Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Status Report|year=2014|access-date=19 March 2018|work=ECOWAS}}{{cite web|url=http://sdg.iisd.org/news/world-bank-funds-energy-efficient-light-bulb-replacement-in-togo/|title=World Bank Funds Energy Efficient Light Bulb Replacement in Togo – News – SDG Knowledge Hub – IISD|first=IISD's SDG Knowledge|last=Hub|access-date=26 August 2018}} Ghana banned incandescent bulbs in 2008 and Senegal has banned the manufacture and import.

Egypt is reported to have a partial ban on incandescent light bulbs.{{cite web|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/ZA/Weslander/Nuus/New-light-bulbs-what-is-the-difference-20150617?mobile=true|title=New light bulbs: what is the difference?|access-date=9 September 2018}}

Kenya has a programme to exchange a number of light bulbs with more efficient types.{{cite web|url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/corporate/Kenya-Power-to-phase-out-inefficient-household-light-bulbs/539550-2974504-yn3hgl/index.html|title=Kenya Power to phase out inefficient household light bulbs|access-date=9 January 2018}}

Morocco has a programme to exchange a number of light bulbs with more efficient types.{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2016/11/17/africa/morocco-green-energy/index.html|title=Why Morocco is a leader of the 'green' world|first=Jacopo |last=Prisco|date=17 November 2016 |publisher=CNN|access-date=9 January 2018}}

Namibia has an exchange program which distributed 1 million energy saving bulbs in 2016.{{cite web|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/155100/archive-read/NamPower-to-distribute-power-saving-bulbs|title=NamPower to distribute power saving bulbs|work=Namibian|date=1 September 2016}}

Rwanda has an exchange program, distributing CFL bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2014/11/06/raising-awareness-energy-efficient-light-bulbs-pays-off-rwanda|title=Raising Awareness of Energy Efficient Light Bulbs Pays off in Rwanda|access-date=19 March 2018}}

South Africa phased out incandescent light bulbs in 2016.[https://www.southafrica.info/about/sustainable/lightbulbs-071211.htm SA to phase out inefficient light bulbs by 2016, SouthAfrica.info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315062342/http://www.southafrica.info/about/sustainable/lightbulbs-071211.htm |date=15 March 2016 }}. 1 July 2016.

Tanzania has an exchange program to replace incandescent bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://www.corporate-digest.com/index.php/tanesco-to-replace-32-million-incandescent-bulbs-to-save-energy-costs|title=TANESCO TO REPLACE 3.2 MILLION INCANDESCENT BULBS TO SAVE ENERGY COSTS – Corporate Digest|website=corporate-digest.com|access-date=19 March 2018}}

Tunisia is reported to have a partial ban on incandescent light bulbs.

Since January 2016, the importation of incandescent light bulbs has been banned in Zambia.[https://www.esi-africa.com/news/zambia-maintains-banning-incandescent-light-bulbs/ Zambia maintains banning incandescent light bulbs, ESI Africa]. 1 July 2016.

Zimbabwe has banned incandescent light bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://www.herald.co.zw/light-bulbs-ban-to-save-40mw/|title=Light bulbs ban to save 40MW|website=The Herald|date=19 March 2017 |access-date=4 January 2018}}

Bahrain has banned incandescent light bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://luxreview.com/article/2015/09/bahrain-bans-incandes|title=Bahrain bans incandescent lamps|website=luxreview.com|access-date=4 January 2018}}

Bangladesh has an exchange program.{{cite web|url=http://blogs.worldbank.org/endpovertyinsouthasia/impactevaluations/governance/ppps/ic4d/voices/bangladesh-sets-world-record-%E2%80%93-5-million-cfls-day-one-bulb-time|publisher=World Bank|title=Bangladesh sets a world record – 5 million CFLs in a day, one bulb at a time!|date=8 February 2010}}

Announced in 2011 China has banned imports and sales of certain incandescent light bulbs since October 2012 to encourage the use of alternative lighting sources such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), with a 5-year plan of phasing-out incandescent light bulbs over 100 watts starting 1 October 2012, and gradually extend the ban to those over 15 watts on 1 October 2016.{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-light-bulbs-idUSTRE7A40MV20111105 | work = Reuters | title=China to phase out incandescent light bulbs in 5 years | date=5 November 2011}}

Another source, however, has indicated that by 1 October 2016, all incandescent light bulbs will be banned.{{cite web | url=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90882/7636316.html | work=People's Daily (English) | title=Nation to prohibit regular lightbulbs in five years | date=5 November 2011}}

According to this source, 1 November 2011 to 30 September 2012 will be a transitional period and as of 1 October 2012, imports and sales of ordinary incandescent bulbs of 100 watts or more will be prohibited. The first phase will be followed by a ban on 60-watt-and-higher incandescent light bulbs starting in October 2014. By October 2016, all incandescent light bulbs will be banned in China.

The final phase may be adjusted according to the results of interim assessment from October 2015 to October 2016. It has been reported that the ban would be complete by October 2016.{{cite web|url=https://investorplace.com/2016/09/incandescent-bulbs-china/#.WlNYhFVl-Uk|title=China Enters Final Phase of Incandescent Bulbs Ban – InvestorPlace|date=7 September 2016|access-date=9 January 2018}}

While not a complete ban, the UJALA plan in India sought to replace 770 million incandescent light bulbs with LED bulbs by 2019. This was expected to reduce energy consumption by over 100 billion kWh annually and reduce annual electricity bills by {{INRConvert|400|b}}.{{citation |title=Government distributes over 7 crore LED bulbs under DELP scheme |agency=Press Trust of India |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/government-distributes-over-7-crore-led-bulbs-under-delp-scheme/articleshow/51206928.cms |work=The Economic Times |date=1 March 2016 |location=New Delhi }}{{citation |agency=Press Trust of India |title=UJALA will be implemented across country by 2019: Piyush Goyal |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/policy/ujala-will-be-implemented-across-country-by-2019-piyush-goyal/articleshow/52053959.cms |work=The Economic Times |date=30 April 2016 |location=New Delhi}}{{citation |title=Government distributes over 15 crore LED bulbs under DELP scheme |agency=Press Trust of India |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/energy/power/government-distributes-over-15-crore-led-bulbs-under-delp-scheme/articleshow/53861939.cms |work=The Economic Times |date=25 August 2016 |location=New Delhi }} As of April 2017, 229 million LED bulbs had been distributed across the country.

The states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka in India have banned the use of incandescent bulbs in government departments, various boards, cooperative institutions, local bodies, and institutions running on government aid.{{cite web | url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/tamil-nadu-incandescent-bulbs-banned-in-govt-offices-46015?pfrom=India | title=Tamil Nadu: Incandescent bulbs banned in govt offices |date=August 2010 | access-date= 20 August 2010 }}[http://www.deccanherald.com/content/101116/karnataka-ban-incandescent-bulbs-jan.html "All Homes May Have to Switch on CFLs from Jan 1"]. Deccan Herald. Kerala banned incandescent bulbs in November 2020.{{Cite web|url=https://journalsofindia.com/kerala-bans-cfl-and-filament-incandescent-bulbs/|title=Kerala bans CFL and filament (incandescent) bulbs – JournalsOfIndia|date=6 August 2020}}

Phase out of 60W and over incandescent light bulbs has been implemented from 1 January 2012. As a measure to increase awareness a national awareness campaign has been initiated by the Ministry of Energy where three CFLs will be sold at a subsidized price to the public.{{cite news| url=http://energy.gov.il/LightBulb/Pages/GxmsMniMiniSiteLightBulb.htm | work=Israel Ministry of Energy | title=CFL Campaign | date=15 February 2012}}

Kazakhstan banned all bulbs over 25 W on 1 January 2014.{{cite web|url=http://azh.kz/en/news/view/723|work=Ak Zhaiyk|date=10 January 2013|title=Kazakhstan bans sale of 75W incandescent light bulbs from January 2013. Are we ready for that?}}

As of 1 August 2017, Kuwait has banned the import of incandescent light bulbs, including halogen bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://www.intertek.com/government/export-import/kuwait-ban-halogen-incandescent-lamps/|work=Intertek|title=Exports to Kuwait of Incandescent and Halogen Lamp Banned 1st August 2017|date=18 August 2017 }}

It was reported in 2012 that Malaysia would ban production, import and sales incandescent bulbs by 2014 as part of efforts to save power and to help cut greenhouse gas emissions.{{cite web|url=http://www.malaysiandigest.com/archived/index.php/12-news/local2/16648-govt-to-ban-incandescent-bulbs-by-2014.html|title=Govt to Ban Incandescent Bulbs by 2014|first=FARAH|last=HARITH|website=malaysiandigest.com|access-date=9 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110054622/http://www.malaysiandigest.com/archived/index.php/12-news/local2/16648-govt-to-ban-incandescent-bulbs-by-2014.html|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=usurped}}{{Cite news|url=http://www.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2010&dt=0318&pub=Utusan_Malaysia&sec=Terkini&pg=bt_16.htm|title=Jimat tenaga: Penggunaan lampu pijar bakal dihentikan|agency=Utusan Malaysia|date=18 March 2010|access-date=23 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100322201312/http://www.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2010&dt=0318&pub=Utusan_Malaysia&sec=Terkini&pg=bt_16.htm|archive-date=22 March 2010|url-status=dead}}

Nepal has banned incandescent light bulbs.{{Cite web|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/govt-prohibits-export-import-of-various-goods|title=Govt prohibits export, import of various goods|first=Sandeep|last=Sen|date=7 July 2019|website=The Himalayan Times}}

North Korea reportedly made LED bulbs mandatory in 2014 to alleviate its energy crisis.{{cite web|url=http://bizled.co.in/north-korea-makes-led-bulbs-mandatory-homes/|title=North Korea makes LED bulbs mandatory in homes|date=14 April 2015|access-date=16 March 2018}}

Pakistan banned incandescent bulbs on 1 July 2023.{{cite web | url=https://research.hktdc.com/en/article/MTMzODY0NjMyMg | title=HKTDC Research }}

The Philippines was among the first Asian countries to phase-out incandescent light bulbs. In February 2008, president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo called for a ban of incandescent light bulbs by 2010 in favor of more energy-efficient fluorescent globes to help cut greenhouse gas emissions and household costs during her closing remarks at the Philippine Energy Summit.{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.cowires/2008Feb05/0,4670,PhilippinesBulbBan,00.html |publisher=Fox News |title=Philippines to Ban Incandescent Bulbs |date=4 February 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215012109/http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Feb05/0,4670,PhilippinesBulbBan,00.html |archive-date=15 February 2012 }} No legislation was passed in regards to the phase-out and mostly involved the lessening the demand for incandescent bulbs.{{cite news |last1=Hasnie |first1=Sohail |title=What happened 5 years after PH phased out incandescent bulbs? |url=https://www.rappler.com/voices/imho/small-victory-energy-efficiency-philippines |access-date=18 November 2020 |work=Rappler |date=4 September 2015 |language=en}}

Qatar has banned incandescent light bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://www.gulf-times.com/story/490693/Lights-out-for-incandescent-bulbs-in-Qatar|title=Lights out for incandescent bulbs in Qatar|date=1 May 2016|access-date=4 January 2018}}

Singapore is phasing out incandescent light bulbs through 2019–23.{{Cite web|last=hermesauto|date=26 October 2018|title=Energy inefficient light bulbs to be phased out as part of NEA measures to go green|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/phasing-out-of-energy-inefficient-light-bulbs-among-nea-measures-towards-going-green|access-date=28 April 2021|website=The Straits Times|language=en}}

South Korea has phased out incandescent light bulbs under 150 watts since 2014. The government has prohibited manufacture and import of all incandescent lights. All incandescent bulbs are going to be replaced by LED and CFL light bulbs.{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/south-korea-to-ban-incandescent-light-bulbs-113071600315_1.html|title=South Korea to ban incandescent light bulbs|last=IANS|newspaper=Business Standard India |date=16 July 2013|access-date=9 January 2018}}

Tajikistan reportedly banned incandescent light bulbs in 2009 to save energy, though this was criticized as alternatives were expensive at the time.{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703746604574463123295474850|title=Dim Bulbs in Tajikistan|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=13 October 2009}}

The UAE has banned incandescent light bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/uae/government/traditional-bulbs-fading-out-in-uae-1.1692214|title=Traditional bulbs fading out in UAE|first=Faisal|last=Masudi|date=17 March 2016|access-date=4 January 2018}}

Uzbekistan banned the sale of light bulbs over 40W on 1 January 2017.{{cite web|url=https://www.azernews.az/region/89151.html|work=Azer News|title=Uzbekistan to increase production of energy saving lamps|date=28 October 2015}}

All member states of the EU agreed 2008 to a progressive phase-out of incandescent light bulbs by 2012.{{cite web|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/08/1909&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en|title=Member States approve the phasing-out of incandescent bulbs by 2012|date=8 December 2008|work=EUROPA|publisher=European Union|access-date= 7 January 2009}}

The initial Europe wide ban only applied to general-purpose, non-directional incandescent bulbs, so did not affect any bulbs with reflective surfaces (e.g. spotlights and halogen down lighters) or special purpose bulbs including those used in devices such as household appliances, traffic lights, infrared lamps and automotive lighting. The sale of the most inefficient bulbs was phased out. The first types to go were non-clear (frosted) bulbs, which were taken off the market in September 2009. Also from September 2009 clear bulbs over 100 W were made of more efficient types. This limit was moved down to lower wattages, and the efficiency levels raised by the end of 2012.{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/ecodesign/doc/committee/2008_12_08_technical_briefing_household_lamps.pdf|title=Phasing out incandescent bulbs in the EU – Technical briefing|date=8 December 2008|work=EUROPA|publisher=European Union}}

In practice, some manufacturers and retailers have found loopholes in the new rules so that some incandescent are still available, marketed as "rough-service" or "shock-resistant" bulbs for industrial use only. Such bulbs, may differ from standard types by only the number of filament supports and while labelled for special uses they are widely available in markets and hardware stores at much lower cost than official alternatives such as CFLs.{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/energy/9498092/Retailers-avoid-ban-on-traditional-light-bulbs.html|title= Retailers avoid ban on traditional light bulbs|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=21 January 2019|date=26 August 2012|last=Malnick|first=Edward}} After bans were first introduced prices of these bulbs rose by 20–25%.{{cite web|url=http://www.euractiv.pl/gospodarka/artykul/wietlowki-energooszczdne-nieuzasadnione-podwyki-cen-002884|title=Świetlówki energooszczędne: Nieuzasadnione podwyżki cen?|language=pl, de|date=2 September 2010|access-date=8 January 2014|work=euractiv.pl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140108103113/http://www.euractiv.pl/gospodarka/artykul/wietlowki-energooszczdne-nieuzasadnione-podwyki-cen-002884|archive-date=8 January 2014|url-status=dead}} A German importer simply reclassified the lamps as "mini heaters"{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-heatballs-idUSTRE69E3FS20101015|date=15 October 2010|access-date=8 January 2014|title=German "heatball" wheeze outwits EU light bulb ban|work=Reuters|place=Berlin|first=Michelle|last=Martin}} branded "Heatballs", but that was banned shortly afterwards.{{cite news|url=https://www.welt.de/wissenschaft/umwelt/article106632745/Verkauf-von-Gluehbirnen-als-Miniheizung-verboten.html|title=Gerichtsurteil: Verkauf von Glühbirnen als "Miniheizung" verboten|first=DIE|last=WELT|newspaper=Die Welt |date=19 June 2012|access-date=4 January 2018}}

The EU set a target of 2016 to phase out halogen bulbs with two directives EC 244/2009 and EC 1194/2012. The phase out of the first directive EC 244/2009 originally planned for September 2016 was delayed until September 2018.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/apr/20/eu-delays-ban-on-halogen-bulbs|title=EU delays ban on halogen bulbs|date=20 April 2015|newspaper=The Guardian|last1=Ala-Kurikka|first1=Susanna|access-date=1 November 2015}} The second directive EC 1194/2012 was upheld, as part of a review of the lighting directive four criteria needed to be assessed before a phase-out could be confirmed. Issues of ‘affordability’ were under scrutiny, as well as performance, equivalence to existing models and compatibility. The EU confirmed that there was no reason to delay the ban on mains voltage directional halogen lamps, as all four of the criteria had been sufficiently met.{{Cite news|url=http://www.eceee.org/all-news/news/news-2015/2015-09-15a|title=EC confirms: Mains-voltage directional halogen lamps to be phased out September 2016|date=15 September 2015|access-date=11 August 2016|via=eceee.org}} The directive EC 1194/2012 relates to mains voltage directional halogen lamps; many common halogen reflector lamps such as D-rated GU10 bulbs are affected.{{Cite web|url=http://www.voltimum.co.uk/articles/megaman-halogen-ban-explained|title=MEGAMAN – The Halogen Ban Explained|website=Voltimum UK|date=28 July 2016 |access-date=11 August 2016}}

Iceland is following the same route as the EU.{{cite web|url=https://grapevine.is/news/2016/04/20/energy-efficient-light-bulbs-have-significantly-reduced-electricity-consumption/|title=Energy-Efficient Light Bulbs Have Significantly Reduced Electricity Consumption – The Reykjavik Grapevine|last=grapevine.is|date=20 April 2016|access-date=16 March 2018}}

Montenegro banned incandescent bulbs from 2020 as part of a phased ban.{{cite web|url=https://serbia-energy.eu/single-esiasee/?postid=9885|work=Serbia Energy|title=Phased ban of incandescent bulbs starts July 1 this year in Montenegro|date=3 March 2018}}

Norway has implemented the EU directive for the phase-out of incandescent light bulbs and has followed the same phase out route as the EU. There was a half-year delay in implementing the directive compared to the EU, but the phase out occurred at the same time since the affected light bulbs were no longer available from European sources.

Russia is phasing out incandescent light bulbs. The production of lamps of 100 watt and more is banned. There are also discussions to ban light bulbs of 50 watts and more.{{cite web|url=http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/50-W-incandescent-bulbs-to-be-banned-in-Russia.html|title=50 W incandescent bulbs to be banned in Russia – Vestnik Kavkaza|website=vestnikkavkaza.net|access-date=19 March 2018}}

Serbia banned incandescent light bulbs in mid-2020.{{Cite web|date=26 July 2019|title=Serbia to ban incandescent bulbs from mid-2020|url=https://balkangreenenergynews.com/serbia-to-ban-incandescent-bulbs-from-mid-2020/|access-date=28 April 2021|website=Balkan Green Energy News|language=en-US}}

Switzerland banned the sale of all light bulbs of the Energy Efficiency Class F and G, which affects a few types of incandescent light bulbs. Most normal light bulbs are of Energy Efficiency Class E, and the Swiss regulation has exceptions for various kinds of special-purpose and decorative bulbs.{{cite press release|url=http://www.embag.ch/downloads/pressemitteilung31.10.2008dt.pdf|title=Vorerst noch kein generelles Glühlampenverbot in der Schweiz – Energieeffiziente Lampen machen Umstieg schon heute möglich ("For now, still no general ban on incandescent lamps in Switzerland – Energy-efficient lamps make migration possible today")|date=31 October 2008|language=de|access-date=8 January 2014|publisher=Philips Switzerland|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121203131321/http://www.embag.ch/downloads/pressemitteilung31.10.2008dt.pdf|archive-date=3 December 2012|url-status=dead}} In line with EU rules, Switzerland banned the import and manufacture of halogen light bulbs in September 2018.{{cite web|url=https://lenews.ch/2018/09/06/halogen-light-bulbs-to-be-banned-in-switzerland/|work=Le News|title=Halogen light bulbs to be banned in Switzerland|date=6 September 2018|access-date=9 September 2018}}

The provincial government of Nova Scotia stated in February 2007 that it would like to move towards preventing the sale of incandescent light bulbs in the province.{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/nova-scotia-ponders-light-bulb-switch-1.635457?ref=rss |title=Nova Scotia ponders light-bulb switch |publisher=CBC News |date=28 February 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100911214952/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/nova-scotia/story/2007/02/28/ns-lightbulb.html?ref=rss |archive-date=11 September 2010 }}

In April 2007, Ontario's minister of energy, Dwight Duncan, announced the provincial government's intention to ban the sale of incandescent light bulbs by 2012.{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ontario-turns-out-the-lights-on-inefficient-bulbs-1.648943 |title=Ontario turns out the lights on inefficient bulbs |date= 18 April 2007 |publisher=CBC News |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101115211248/http://www.cbc.ca/consumer/story/2007/04/18/ontario-lightbulb-ban.html |archive-date=15 November 2010}} Later in April, the federal government announced that it would ban the sale of inefficient incandescent light bulbs nationwide by 2012 as part of a plan to cut down on emissions of greenhouse gases.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN2529253520070425|access-date= 14 July 2010| work = Reuters |date=25 April 2007 | title=Canada to ban incandescent light bulbs by 2012}}

On 9 November 2011, the federal government approved a proposal to delay new energy efficiency standards for light bulbs until 1 January 2014, when it will become illegal to import inefficient incandescent lighting across the country.{{cite journal|url=http://www.gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p1/2011/2011-04-16/html/reg1-eng.html|title=Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations|journal=Canada Gazette|date=16 April 2011|access-date=8 January 2014|volume=145|issue=16}}[http://www.gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2011/2011-11-09/html/sor-dors228-eng.html Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations], Canada Gazette In December 2011, Ontario Energy Minister [Chris Bentley] confirmed that Ontario is scrapping the five-year-old plan "to avoid confusing consumers".{{cite news| url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/politics/article/1105206--ontario-backs-down-on-incandescent-bulb-ban | work=Toronto Star | first=Rob | last=Ferguson | title=Ontario backs down on incandescent bulb ban | date=21 December 2011 | access-date=8 January 2014}}

The Energy Star program, in which Natural Resources Canada is a partner, in March 2008 established rules for labeling lamps that meet a set of standards for efficiency, starting time, life expectancy, color, and consistency of performance. The intent of the program is to reduce consumer concerns about efficient light bulbs due to variable quality of products.{{cite web|url=http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/prod_development/revisions/downloads/cfls/Criteria_CFLs_V4.pdf|title=Energy Star Program Requirements for CFLS Partner Commitments|edition=4th|date=7 March 2008|access-date=8 January 2014|publisher=Energy Star}} Those CFLs with a recent Energy Star certification start in less than one second and do not flicker.

In January 2011, the province of British Columbia banned retailers from ordering 75- or 100-watt incandescent bulbs.{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/consumers-hoard-light-bulbs-amid-b-c-ban-1.1008473|date=25 January 2011 | title=Consumers hoard light bulbs amid B.C. ban | publisher = CBC News | access-date=8 January 2014}}

Canada's Energy Efficiency Regulations are published on the Natural Resources Canada website.{{cite web|url=http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/regulations/products/11476|title=General Service Lamps|date=6 January 2014|access-date=8 January 2014|work=Natural Resources Canada}}

The Canadian federal government banned the import and sale of 75- and 100-watt incandescent bulbs, effective 1 January 2014. On 1 January 2015, 40- and 60-watt bulbs were also banned, although there are exceptions for oven lights, decorative lamps (light bulbs), appliance bulbs, 3-way fixtures, chandeliers and rough service/utility bulbs.{{cite web|url=https://natural-resources.canada.ca/energy/regulations-codes-standards/7281#j|title=Frequently Asked Questions|date=2 December 2011 }} Retailers will be allowed to sell their existing inventories imported before the bans.{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/incandescent-light-bulb-ban-starts-jan-1-1.2479868 |date=2 January 2014 | title=Incandescent light bulb ban starts Jan.1}}

Cuba exchanged all incandescent light bulbs for CFLs, and banned the sale and import of them in 2006–07.{{cite web|url=https://www.myledy.com/incandescent-light-bulb/|work=Myledy|title=See Which Countries Banned Incandescent Light Bulb}}

{{see also|United States lighting energy policy}}

In December 2007, the federal government enacted the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA), which set maximum power consumption requirements for all general-service light bulbs producing 310–2600 lumens of light. Light bulbs outside of this range are exempt from the restrictions. Also exempt are several classes of specialty lights including appliance lamps, rough service bulbs, 3-way, colored lamps, stage lighting, plant lights, candelabra lights under 60 watts, outdoor post lights less than 100 watts, nightlights and shatter resistant bulbs. The law was to effectively ban most incandescent light bulbs, starting in January 2012.[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d110:h.r.00006: THOMAS Record of Clean Energy Act] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081125133844/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d110:h.r.00006: |date=25 November 2008 }}. By 2020, a second tier of restrictions would become effective, requiring all general service bulbs to produce at least 45 lumens per watt, similar to a CFL,[http://energystar.supportportal.com/ics/support/default.asp?deptID=23018 Energy Star Frequently Asked Questions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103074007/http://energystar.supportportal.com/ics/support/default.asp?deptID=23018 |date=3 January 2011 }}, Energy Star Customer Support. but retaining the exemption for other than general service lamps. https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2022-05/GSL%20Backstop%20Enforcement%20Webinar%20May%204%202022.pdf

In March 2008, the United States Environmental Protection Agency's Energy Star program established rules for labeling lamps that meet a set of standards for efficiency, starting time, life expectancy, color, and consistency of performance. The intent of the program is to reduce consumer concerns about efficient light bulbs due to variable quality of products. Those CFLs with a recent Energy Star certification start in less than one second and do not flicker. Energy Star Light Bulbs for Consumers is a resource for finding and comparing Energy Star qualified lamps.

The 2012 United States federal budget effectively delayed the implementation of the first stage of the EISA phase-out until October 2012 by defunding all enforcement activities.{{cite news|url=http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/s_772480.html|title=Congress flips dimmer switch on light bulb law|work=Trib Live|agency=Associated Press|date=17 December 2011|access-date=9 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218031349/http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/s_772480.html|archive-date=18 February 2012|url-status=dead}}Stephen Dinan. [http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/dec/16/congress-overturns-incandescent-light-bulb-ban/ "Congress Overturns Incandescent Light Bulb Ban".] The Washington Times. 16 December 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2012. Funding for enforcement was also denied in some subsequent years, at least up to 2015.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/10/politics/policy-riders-spending-bill/index.html|title=Here's what's tucked in the spending bill – CNNPolitics|author=Deirdre Walsh|publisher=CNN|date=10 December 2014 }}

In 2014, the Department of Energy issued regulations that would extend the efficiency standards of the 2007 EISA law to certain specialty bulbs, effective January 2020.{{cite news |newspaper=The Philadelphia Inquirer |date=17 February 2019 |page=1 |first=Frank |last=Kummer |title=Lightbulbs are next on Trump's 'to undo' list}} In February 2019, the Department of Energy announced a proposal to withdraw this change. In September 2019 the Trump administration rolled-back these energy efficiency standards for lightbulbs with the Energy Department's publication of regulations in the Federal Register.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/04/climate/trump-light-bulb-rollback.html|title=White House to Relax Energy Efficiency Rules for Light Bulbs|first=John|last=Schwartz|date=4 September 2019|work=The New York Times}}{{cite web|url=https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/460630-trump-defends-lightbulb-efficiency-rollback-i-look-better-under |title=Trump defends lightbulb efficiency rollback: 'I look better under an incandescent light' |author=Zack Budryk |date=9 September 2019 |website=The Hill |access-date=10 September 2019}} The Energy Department announced the reversal of the 2014 regulation that would have taken effect on 1 January 2020 and implemented the last round of energy-saving light bulb regulations outlined by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007.[https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/12/f70/gsil_final_rule.pdf Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for General Service Incandescent Lamps] 10 CFR Part 430, EERE-2019-BT-STD-0022, RIN 1904-AE76 In 2022, the Biden administration undid the Trump administration’s reversal; the sale of most incandescent light bulbs was banned, effective on 1 August 2023.{{Cite web |last=Stephanie Haines |first=Devan Markham |date=28 July 2023 |title=Light bulb ban: DOE's ban on incandescent lightbulbs goes into effect |url=https://thehill.com/business/4124731-incandescent-light-bulb-ban-goes-into-effect-next-week/ |access-date=31 July 2023 |website=The Hill |language=en-US}}

New Jersey and Utah introduced rules to require the use of energy efficient lighting in government buildings in 2007.[https://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2007-02-09-edison-bulb-ban_x.htm?csp=34 "Edison's light bulb could be endangered"]. Associated Press (via USA Today). 9 February 2007.{{cite web|url=http://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title63A/Chapter5/63A-5-S701.html|title=Title 63A Utah Administrative Services Code|access-date=4 January 2018}} Utah has also undertaken a number of LED based lighting projects to regain efficiency.{{cite web|url=http://dfcm.utah.gov/images/bb/2011_Energy_Efficiency_Projects.pdf |title=Utah Department of Administrative Services|access-date=16 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229193203/http://dfcm.utah.gov/images/bb/2011_Energy_Efficiency_Projects.pdf|archive-date=29 December 2016|url-status=dead}} Legislation was also proposed in Connecticut.[http://www.conntact.com/article_page.lasso?id=40692 "A Light Bulb Went Off over Their Heads"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016215443/http://conntact.com/article_page.lasso?id=40692|date=16 October 2007}}. Connecticut Business News Journal. 5 February 2007.[http://www.cga.ct.gov/2007/TOB/H/2007HB-06550-R00-HB.htm H.B. 6550], Connecticut General Assembly. In 2007, the state of California introduced legislation to phase out the use of incandescent bulbs by 2018. The bill established a minimum standard of twenty-five lumens per watt by 2013 and sixty lumens per watt by 2018.{{cite web|url=http://www.cawrecycles.org/issues/current_legislation/ab1109_07|title=AB 1109 (Huffman) Lighting Efficiency & Toxics Reduction Act|access-date=19 July 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007134940/http://www.cawrecycles.org/issues/current_legislation/ab1109_07|archive-date=7 October 2007|url-status=dead}}[http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/07-08/bill/asm/ab_1101-1150/ab_1109_bill_20070223_introduced.html "AB 1109 Assembly Bill – Introduced"].{{cite web|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/12/20/hey-california-say-farewell-to-your-traditional-incandescent-light-bulbs/|title=Hey California, say farewell to your traditional incandescent light bulbs|date=20 December 2017|access-date=26 August 2018}}

The California regulations were challenged in court by light bulb manufacturers upon the US Energy Department's action reversing the 2014 regulation that would have taken effect on 1 January 2020.{{cite news |last1=Mufson |first1=Steven |title=Energy Department to prolong the lives of incandescent lightbulbs |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2019/09/04/energy-department-prolong-lives-incandescent-light-bulbs/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=10 October 2019}} California, Colorado, Nevada, Washington, and Vermont had already adopted their own energy standards.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2019/12/20/trump-administration-just-overturned-ban-old-fashioned-lightbulbs/ |title=The Trump administration just overturned a ban on old-fashioned lightbulbs|newspaper=The Washington Post|first1=Juliet |last1=Eilperin

|first2=Steven |last2=Mufson |date=20 December 2019|access-date=2 January 2020}} The ruling in the manufacturer's favor would have allowed some types of incandescent bulbs to remain in service despite state regulations. A judge ruled that the state efficiency standards were proper under the congressional exemption previously granted.{{Cite news|url=https://www.ksby.com/news/california-news/judge-allows-californias-shift-to-energy-saving-light-bulbs|title=Judge allows California's shift to energy saving light bulbs|date=2 January 2020|agency=Associated Press|via=KSBY|language=en|access-date=2 January 2020}}

In February 2007, Australia enacted a law that, in effect, by legislating efficiency standards, disallow most sales of incandescent light bulbs by 2010.{{cite web|url=http://blogs.business2.com/greenwombat/2007/02/australia_bans_.html|title= Australia Bans Traditional Light Bulbs to Combat Global Warming|publisher=green wombat blog|date=20 February 2007|access-date= 31 December 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071211225147/http://blogs.business2.com/greenwombat/2007/02/australia_bans_.html |archive-date = 11 December 2007}} The Australian Federal Government announced minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) for lighting products. The new minimum standard efficiency level is 15 lumens per watt (lm/W). From November 2008, no non-compliant lighting (including some incandescent globes) were imported into Australia, and from November 2009, the retail sale of non-compliant lighting was banned.Australian Government: Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts [http://www.environment.gov.au/settlements/energyefficiency/lighting/faq-phaseout.html "Phase-out of inefficient incandescent light bulbs"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090901123102/http://www.environment.gov.au/settlements/energyefficiency/lighting/faq-phaseout.html |date=1 September 2009 }}. September 2009. It was proposed{{cite web|url=http://www.energyrating.gov.au/library/pubs/200718-phaseout-incandescent-lamps.pdf|title=Report Technical Incandescent Lamps + CFLs|access-date=4 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727041101/http://www.energyrating.gov.au/library/pubs/200718-phaseout-incandescent-lamps.pdf|archive-date=27 July 2011|url-status=dead}} that all regular light bulbs and some other kinds of light bulbs sold from October 2009 would have to meet the new minimum energy performance standards. Incandescent light bulbs that meet the new standards, for example high-efficiency halogen bulbs, would continue to be available.[https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=https://www.energyrating.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/2008-ris-phaseout.pdf&embedded=true "Consultation Regulatory Impact Statement: Proposal to Phase-Out Inefficient Incandescent Lighting Products"]. Australian Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts.

It is estimated that greenhouse gas emissions will be cut by 800,000 tonnes (Australia's current emission total is 564.7 million tonnes), a saving of approximately 0.14%.{{cite news| url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/environment/light-bulbs-ban-to-slash-emissions/2007/02/19/1171733685061.html | work=The Sydney Morning Herald | title=Light bulbs ban to slash emissions | date=20 February 2007}}

There were some initiatives to encourage people to switch to compact fluorescent lamps ahead of the phase out.[http://www.lowenergy.com.au/downloads/KingstonYC-Nov2007.pdf "Kingston Your City"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304074609/http://www.lowenergy.com.au/downloads/KingstonYC-Nov2007.pdf |date=4 March 2009 }}. November 2007.

Australia initially planned to ban the sale of halogen light bulbs from September 2020,{{cite web|url=https://www.ledinside.com/news/2018/8/halogen_bulbs_to_be_banned_in_the_eu_market_from_september|title=Halogen Bulbs to be Banned in the EU Market from September – LEDinside|website=ledinside.com|access-date=26 August 2018}} then delayed the ban to late 2021.{{Cite web |last=Carabott |first=Mike |date=2020-05-26 |title=Halogen lamps phase-out in Australia pushed back to late 2021 |url=https://www.leadingedgeenergy.com.au/news/halogen-lamps-ban-in-australia-moved-to-late-2021/ |access-date=2021-03-09 |website=Leading Edge Energy |language=en-AU}} Halogen light bulbs that were approved by the federal government's energy regulator before September 2021 can continue to be sold until their regulatory approval expires.{{Cite web |date=February 2020 |title=Halogen Lamp (Globe) Phase-out in Australia |url=https://www.lightingcouncil.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/200210-halogen-phase-out_FINAL1.pdf |access-date=13 September 2023 |website=Lighting Council Australia }}

In February 2007, then Climate Change Minister David Parker, Labour Party, announced a similar proposal to the one in Australia,{{cite news |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10425018 |title=Standard light bulbs to be switched off |author=Greg Ansley and NZPA |date=21 February 2007 |work=The New Zealand Herald |access-date=3 November 2011}} except that importation for personal use would have been allowed.{{cite news|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/06/17/asia/AS-GEN-New-Zealand-Bulb-Ban.php|title=New Zealand phases out old light bulbs to save energy, greenhouse gas output|date=17 June 2008| agency = Associated Press | via=International Herald Tribune |access-date= 8 January 2009}} However, this proposal was scrapped in December 2008, after a change of government,{{cite press release|url=https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/light-bulb-ban-ended |title=Light bulb ban ended |date=17 December 2008 |accessdate=31 May 2022}} and incandescent bulbs continue to be available {{As of|2023|lc=y}}.{{cite web |url=https://www.canstarblue.co.nz/energy/energy-efficient-lighting-options-nz/ |title=Energy Efficiency NZ: Lighting Options In New Zealand |newspaper=Https |date=9 May 2017|author=Martin Kovacs |access-date= 22 January 2019}}

In Argentina, selling and importing incandescent light bulbs has been forbidden since 31 December 2010.[http://www.clarin.com/diario/2009/01/22/sociedad/s-01844209.htm "Clarín.com: Adiós a las lamparitas: las claves antes de cambiarlas"].

Bolivia is reported to have banned incandescent light bulbs on 1 January 2014.{{cite web|url=http://www.cocha-banner.org/issues/2011/november/lights/|work=Cocha Banner|title=Lights Out – Incandescent light bulbs to be replaced nation-wide|date=November 2011}}

As specified in Interministerial Ordinance 1,007 of 31 December 2010, incandescent light bulbs must perform according to certain levels of luminous efficacy to be produced, imported and sold in Brazil.[http://www.mme.gov.br/mme/galerias/arquivos/legislacao/portaria_interminestral/Portaria_MME-MCT-MDIC_n_1.007-2010.pdf "Portaria Interministerial Nª 1.007, de 31 de dezembro de 2010"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140617001247/http://www.mme.gov.br/mme/galerias/arquivos/legislacao/portaria_interminestral/Portaria_MME-MCT-MDIC_n_1.007-2010.pdf |date=17 June 2014 }}. Non-conforming light bulbs are being gradually phased out. Since July 2013, bulbs ranging from 61 to 100 watts which do not perform accordingly can no longer be produced or imported, but they could be sold until mid-2014.[http://www2.planalto.gov.br/imprensa/noticias-de-governo/lampadas-incandescentes-com-potencias-de-61-a-100-watts-nao-podem-mais-ser-produzidas-ou-importadas-pelo-brasil "Lâmpadas incandescentes com potências de 61 a 100 watts não podem mais ser produzidas ou importadas pelo Brasil"].

Since the end of June 2016, incandescent bulbs have been completely prohibited in Brazil.[https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/brazil-sale-of-incandescent-light-bulbs-prohibited/ Brazil: Sale of Incandescent Light Bulbs Prohibited, Global Legal Monitor]. 1 July 2016.

The Chilean government has prohibited the manufacture, import and sale of incandescent bulbs since December 2015.{{Cite web|url=http://www.gob.cl/2015/12/17/lo-que-debes-saber-sobre-el-fin-de-la-venta-de-ampolletas-incandescentes/|title=Lo que debes saber sobre el fin de la venta de ampolletas incandescentes|website=Gobierno de Chile|access-date=25 April 2016}}

Ecuador has banned incandescent bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://www.globaltradealert.org/state-act/4952|title=Ecuador: Import ban on incandescent light bulbs|website=globaltradealert.org|access-date=9 January 2018}}

The phase out has been referred to as "light bulb socialism". The consumer preference for light bulbs in the EU was for incandescent bulbs, with many complaining at the time of the regulation's adoption about what was described as the ugliness or the cold, flat, unnatural, dull light emanating from CFLs.{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/greenerliving/6083119/European-Union-ban-on-lightbulbs-leads-to-a-dim-future.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090828164214/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/greenerliving/6083119/European-Union-ban-on-lightbulbs-leads-to-a-dim-future.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 August 2009|title=European Union ban on lightbulbs leads to a dim future |access-date= 31 August 2009| work = The Daily Telegraph | first=Max | last=Davidson | date=25 August 2009}}{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/guest_contributors/article6814913.ecebs|title=Dim thinking behind the new lightbulb laws|access-date= 31 August 2009| work = The Times |year=2009 |first=Ben|last=Webster}}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} {{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/6098887/Lightbulb-ban-puts-fairground-rides-at-risk.html|title=Lightbulb ban puts fairground rides at risk|access-date= 31 August 2009 | work = The Daily Telegraph | date=27 August 2009}} Objection has also been raised to being forced to adopt CFLs.{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/columnists/john-walsh/john-walsh-i-object-to-being-forced-by-politicians-to-change-the-way-i-use-light-1776735.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220526/https://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/columnists/john-walsh/john-walsh-i-object-to-being-forced-by-politicians-to-change-the-way-i-use-light-1776735.html |archive-date=26 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=John Walsh: "I object to being forced by politicians to change the way I use light"|access-date=3 September 2009|newspaper=Independent|author= Walsh, John | location=London | date=25 August 2009}} Improvements in LED technology allow these bulbs to more closely match the color temperature of familiar incandescents.

Bulk purchasing of incandescent bulbs was reported ahead of the EU lightbulb ban. Many retailers in Britain, Poland, Austria, Germany and Hungary have reported bulk purchasing,{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8229476.stm|title=Bulb bows out to mixed applause|access-date= 31 August 2009|work= BBC News | date=31 August 2009 | first=Anna | last=Browning}}{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/8222941.stm|title=Old-style bulbs 'being hoarded'|access-date= 31 August 2009|work= BBC News | date=27 August 2009}}{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/energy/6082853/EU-ban-on-traditional-lightbulbs-prompts-panic-buying.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090828200615/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/energy/6082853/EU-ban-on-traditional-lightbulbs-prompts-panic-buying.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 August 2009|title=EU ban on traditional lightbulbs prompts panic buying |access-date= 31 August 2009| work = The Daily Telegraph | first=Nick | last=Collins | date=25 August 2009}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ffa3d836-8eb1-11de-87d0-00144feabdc0.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150507064503/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ffa3d836-8eb1-11de-87d0-00144feabdc0.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 May 2015|title=Germans fail to see the light on bulbs|access-date=31 August 2009|work=Financial Times|year=2009}}{{cite web|url=http://www.polskieradio.pl/thenews/business/artykul114809_poles_incandescent_at_100_watt_bulb_ban.html|title=Poles incandescent at 100 watt bulb ban|access-date= 31 August 2009|publisher=thenews.pl|year=2009}} and in Germany, sales rose by up to 150% in 2009 in comparison to 2008.{{cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,638494,00.html|title=Germans Hoarding Traditional Light Bulbs|access-date= 31 August 2009|work=Der Spiegel|year=2009}} Two-thirds of Austrians surveyed stated they believe the phase-out to be "nonsensical", with 53.6% believing their health to be at risk of mercury poisoning.{{cite web|url=http://www.wienerzeitung.at/DesktopDefault.aspx?TabID=4082&Alias=wzo&cob=434279|title=Austrians oppose EU light bulb law|access-date=31 August 2009|work=Wiener Zeitung|year=2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090902235151/http://www.wienerzeitung.at/DesktopDefault.aspx?TabID=4082&Alias=wzo&cob=434279|archive-date=2 September 2009|url-status=dead}} 72% of Americans believe the government has no right to dictate which light bulb they may use.{{cite web|url=http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/general_politics/july_2009/72_don_t_want_feds_changing_their_light_bulbs|title=72% Don't Want Feds Changing Their Light Bulbs|access-date= 31 August 2009|publisher=Rasmussen|year=2009}} Czech Republic President Václav Klaus urged people to stockpile enough incandescent bulbs to last their lifetime.{{cite web|url=http://www.ceskenoviny.cz/news/zpravy/klaus-calls-on-czechs-to-be-stocked-with-old-light-bulbs-press/394993|title=Klaus calls on Czechs to be stocked with old light bulbs – press|access-date= 31 August 2009|publisher=česká noviny|year=2009}}

Museums and individuals have been stockpiling incandescent lightbulbs in Europe, owing to CFLs' then-inferior color representation.{{cite web|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,4594321,00.html|title=Artists see EU light bulb ban as an aesthetic calamity |access-date= 31 August 2009|publisher=Deutsche Welle|year=2009}} The European Association for the Co-ordination of Consumer Representation in Standardisation (ANEC) has called for a speedy reduction of the mercury levels contained within CFLs from the current 5 mg limit to 1 mg.{{cite web|url=http://www.eupconsumer.eu/download/6th%20CF%20meeting%2028%20March%202008/ANEC-BEUC%20position%20domestic%20lighting.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429001510/http://www.eupconsumer.eu/download/6th%20CF%20meeting%2028%20March%202008/ANEC-BEUC%20position%20domestic%20lighting.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 April 2011|title=Consumer Relevant Eco-Design Requirements for Domestic Lighting (Part 1)|access-date=4 September 2009|publisher=European Association for the Co-ordination of Consumer Representation in Standardisation|year=2009|page=8|quote=we support decreasing the maximum level of mercury in lamps from the current 5 mg in the RoHS Directive, to 1mg. However, as the number of mercury containing lamps will sharply increase in consumer households in the future, we see a need to implement this requirement as soon as possible}} The European Consumers' Organisation said that phasing out incandescent bulbs will be detrimental for people suffering light-related health issues,{{cite news|url=http://greeninc.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/08/26/concerns-remain-as-europe-changes-bulbs/|title=Concerns Remain as Europe Changes Bulbs|access-date= 31 August 2009| work = The New York Times | first=James | last=Kanter | date=26 August 2009}} and called for the continued availability of incandescent bulbs:

The EU Regulation falls short of the needs of some consumers who need to use the old-style light bulbs for health-related reasons such as light sensitivity. We call on the European Commission to take immediate measures to ensure that people who rely on incandescent light bulbs will be able to buy these bulbs until suitable alternative lighting technologies are available. There are also concerns about the risks to health from the high mercury content of the new bulbs.{{cite web|url=http://docshare.beuc.org/docs/1/KIDEODHBAJDKNPAKMOBOCFOCPDBG9DB3WN9DW3571 km/BEUC/docs/DLS/2009-00716-01-E.pdf|title=Energy-saving light bulbs: good for consumers but outstanding issues need to be addressed|access-date=31 August 2009|publisher=BEUC|year=2009}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

A campaign group called SPECTRUM was formed by the charities Lupus UK, Eclipse Support Group, ES-UK, XP Support Group and The Skin Care Campaign as an "alliance for light sensitivity" to oppose "UK and EU plans to phase out incandescent lightbulbs".{{cite web

|url = http://www.spectrumalliance.org.uk/

|title = Don't Leave Us in the Dark

|access-date = 15 October 2009

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091105032303/http://www.spectrumalliance.org.uk/

|archive-date = 5 November 2009

|url-status = dead

|df = dmy-all

}} Their campaign has been picked up and amplified by the British Association of Dermatologists, calling for access to incandescent light bulbs for those who are medically sensitive to CFLs and other non-incandescent bulbs,{{cite web|url=http://www.bad.org.uk/site/1289/default.aspx#lightbulbs|title=Eco lightbulbs may cause reactions in patients with light sensitive skin diseases|work=Press release|access-date=15 October 2009|publisher=British Association of Dermatologists|year=2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005081940/http://bad.org.uk//site/1289/default.aspx#lightbulbs|archive-date=5 October 2010|url-status=dead}} and the charity Migraine Action, stating that its members still suffer adverse effects from CFLs despite protestations from the light bulb industry.{{cite web|url=http://www.migraine.org.uk/index.php?sectionid=219|title=Low energy light bulbs|access-date= 31 August 2009|publisher=Migraine Action|year=2009}}

{{Main|Compact fluorescent lamp#Health issues}}

CFLs, like all fluorescent lamps, contain small amounts of mercury, as both vapor and droplets inside the glass tubing, averaging 4.0 mg per bulb.{{cite web

|url=http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/promotions/change_light/downloads/Fact_Sheet_Mercury.pdf

|title=Frequently Asked Questions Information on Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs (CFLs) and Mercury June 2008 |access-date= 31 August 2008 |year= 2008

}} The inclusion of liquid mercury is specifically prohibited from other domestic products in some jurisdictions, notably Europe.The UK regulations which were a local enactment of the European RoHS directive https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/236285/bis-13-1142-restriction-of-hazardous-substances-regulations-guidance-2.pdfRoHS directive http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:037:0019:0023:en:PDF Safe cleanup of broken compact fluorescent lamps is different from cleanup of conventional broken glass or incandescent bulbs.Floyd, et al. (2002), quoted on page 184 (document's page number is 177) of [http://www.chem.unep.ch/MERCURY/Toolkit/UNEP-final-pilot-draft-toolkit-Dec05.pdf Toolkit for identification and quantification of mercury releases] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304074611/http://www.chem.unep.ch/MERCURY/Toolkit/UNEP-final-pilot-draft-toolkit-Dec05.pdf |date=4 March 2009 }} (PDF) After a proper cleanup, any potential short term exposure offers no significant health risks to adults, including pregnant women, or to children.{{cite web|title=Disposal|url=http://www.climatechange.gov.au/what-you-need-to-know/lighting/faqs/disposal.aspx|work=Lighting Efficiency – Frequently asked questions|publisher=Commonwealth of Australia|access-date=27 September 2010|quote=The short term nature of the potential exposure (particularly after effective clean-up of broken CFL material) does not constitute a significant health risk to exposed adults (including pregnant women) or children.}} If all electricity was generated by a coal power plant (which produce about half the electricity the U.S. consumes) and fluorescent light bulbs were all recycled with no mercury being lost, nearly 75% less mercury could be released in power plant emissions if incandescent bulbs were replaced by fluorescents, and with significantly less total mercury release even if no recycling occurred.{{cite news|url=http://minnesota.publicradio.org/collections/special/columns/news_cut/archive/2008/03/whats_left_to_say_about_cfls_p.shtml|first=Bob|last=Collins|title=What's left to say about CFLs? Plenty.|date=27 March 2008|access-date=2 August 2011|publisher=Minnesota Public Radio}} However, a concern is that broken bulbs will introduce the mercury directly into a populated indoor area.{{cite web

|url=http://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/translating-uncle-sam/stories/cfl-vs-incandescent-battle-of-the-bulb

|title=CFL vs. incandescent: Battle of the bulb | MNN – Mother Nature Network

|access-date=3 October 2010

|quote=The CFL consumes about a quarter the energy and is responsible for nearly 75% less mercury, counting what's inside the bulb}} Though more recent analysis indicates that the concerns about mercury release from broken bulbs may be overstated, and can be ameliorated by taking a few simple steps.{{cite web |url=http://www.1000bulbs.com/pages/mercury.html|title=One BIG fish story|quote=... if they follow the steps described below a broken CFL poses about as much of a health risk as a bite of tuna.}}

No mercury is used in the manufacturing of LED lamps, a different technology replacement for incandescent lamps.[http://eartheasy.com/live_energyeff_lighting.htm Energy Efficient Lighting], Eartheasy.com (accessed 2 August 2011) In addition, LED lamps do not require warmup time in cold weather, and in fact, perform better in colder temperatures, making them an excellent choice for use in cold locations, such as refrigeration units.[http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/solidstate/cr_freezers.asp Lighting Supermarket Freezers with LEDs], Lighting Research Center (accessed 21 June 2012)

When such phase-out programs began CFL and especially LED bulb prices were substantially higher than incandescent prices and made the up-front cost a barrier to entry to many consumers{{Cite web|url=http://money.com/money/3831356/cheap-led-lightbulb-philips/|title=Long-Lasting LED Bulbs Now 90% Cheaper|website=Money|language=en|access-date=21 August 2019}} despite the superior life-cycle cost of CFL and LED bulbs.{{Cite web|url=https://www.thesimpledollar.com/the-light-bulb-showdown-leds-vs-cfls-vs-incandescent-bulbs-whats-the-best-deal-now-and-in-the-future/|title=Light Bulb Showdown: LED vs. CFL vs. Incandescent|date=29 April 2015|website=The Simple Dollar|language=en|access-date=21 August 2019}} Prices of CFLs and especially LEDs have since fallen making those bulbs more accessible to consumers.{{Cite web |url=https://ees.lbl.gov/sites/all/files/lbnl-6854e.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 July 2019 |archive-date=14 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114011807/https://ees.lbl.gov/sites/all/files/lbnl-6854e.pdf |url-status=dead }}{{Cite web|url=https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/led-fixture-prices-fall-24-in-two-years-how-much-lower-can-they-go|title=LED Fixture Prices Fall 24% in Two Years—How Much Lower Can They Go?|last=Energy|first=Jon Guerster of Groom|date=16 August 2012|website=greentechmedia.com|access-date=21 August 2019}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.energy.gov/articles/history-light-bulb|title=The History of the Light Bulb|website=Energy.gov|language=en|access-date=21 August 2019}}

{{Main|Compact fluorescent lamp#Heating and cooling}}

With incandescent bulbs, most of the electricity goes toward producing heat rather than light; this is the main source of their inefficiency.{{Cite web|url=https://www.litetronics.com/?faq=much-heat-emitted-incandescent-halogen-compact-fluorescent-light-bulbs|title=How much heat is emitted by incandescent, halogen, and compact fluorescent light bulbs?|website=Litetronics|language=en-US|access-date=21 August 2019}} However, this heat contributes toward heating the room, thereby either reducing heating demand or increasing cooling demand.{{Cite web|url=https://support.etcconnect.com/ETC/Fixtures/Source_Four/Source_Four_ERS_and_HID/How_To_Quickly_Calculate_BTUs_Emitted_from_a_Source_Four_For_HVAC_Purposes|title=How To Quickly Calculate BTUs Emitted from a Source Four For HVAC Purposes|date=11 March 2019|website=Electronic Theatre Controls Inc|language=en|access-date=21 August 2019}}

The overall energy savings from changing to more efficient lighting depends on the climate. In warm climates, efficient lighting has the additional energy-saving effect of reducing the amount of cooling required. In cold climates, increased heating energy demand may offset some of the lighting energy saved with efficient lighting.{{cite news| url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/efficient-lighting-equals-higher-heat-bills-study-1.856047 | publisher = CBC News | title=Efficient lighting equals higher heat bills: study | date=4 March 2009}} A report published in January 2008 found that in Los Angeles, where incandescent lighting results in increased air conditioning, electricity savings would pay for the initial cost of CFLs four times faster than in Vancouver, where incandescent lighting contributes to space heating.{{cite journal |url=http://www.cmhc.ca/odpub/pdf/65830.pdf |title=Benchmarking Home Energy Savings from Energy-Efficient Lighting |date=January 2008 |series=Technical Series 08-101 |publisher=Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation}} The report claimed that due to outdoor lighting and air conditioning use in summer months, there is a net cost saving from changing to compact fluorescent lighting in all climates. The cost of CFL and LED bulbs has decreased greatly since 2008, which shortens the time needed to pay off their initial cost.

The heat produced by incandescent light bulbs is frequently seen as a drawback, but it is seen as an advantage in certain applications. For example, automotive applications in cold climates benefit from the radiated heat as it melts potentially visually-obstructive snow and ice on warning lights and signs. The heat is also used to melt the wax inside lava lamps.

Some CFLs are not compatible with existing dimming circuits such as those using TRIACs, although CFLs that support dimming are available.{{cite web|title=Compact fluorescent light bulbs|url=http://www.seattle.gov/light/conserve/resident/cv5_lw2.htm|work=The Seattle City Light Web Team|publisher=City of Seattle|access-date=26 May 2011}} Halogen bulbs provide a somewhat more efficient dimmable alternative to common incandescent bulbs,[http://www.environment.gov.au/settlements/energyefficiency/lighting/faq-alternatives.html#docfls Do compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) work with dimmer switches?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604095541/http://environment.gov.au/settlements/energyefficiency/lighting/faq-alternatives.html#docfls |date=4 June 2009 }}. although they too have been or will be phased out in many places.

{{Update section|date=March 2022}}

Many LED bulbs are not dimmable.{{quantify|date=December 2019}} While dimmable ones using different drivers are available, they may not work well with traditional dimmers – either the dimming range is narrow (the minimum brightness is too high) or the bulb flickers at lower brightness, or even both.{{cn|date=January 2025}}

The color temperature of incandescent bulbs – essentially the actual temperature of the hot filament – decreases as the voltage applied is reduced by a dimmer, and the light becomes visibly "warmer"; this does not happen with other technologies. However, Philips has designed LED bulbs that mimic this phenomenon when dimmed.{{cite web |title=Dimmable LED light bulbs with a warm glow effect |url=https://www.usa.lighting.philips.com/consumer/choose-a-bulb/warm-glow-dimmable-led-lighting |publisher=Philips |access-date=28 September 2021}}

• Plastic bag ban

{{Reflist|30em}}

• [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4667354.stm BBC News Online: Light bulbs: Not such a bright idea (February 2006)]
• [http://www.savethebulb.org Save the Bulb: Reasons against the Phase-Out]
• [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4922496.stm BBC News Online: Shedding light on call to ban bulb (April 2006)]
• [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7722181.stm BBC News Online: No time to dim efficiency ambitions (November 2008)]
• [https://wayback.archive-it.org/22906/20240418045430/https://www.earth-policy.org/plan_b_updates/2007/update66 Earth Policy Institute: Worldwide Shift from Incandescents to Compact Fluorescents Could Close 270 Coal-Fired Power Plants]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20131208022823/http://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/news/scientific-alliance-newsletter-3rd-september-2009// Cambridge Scientific Alliance: Little Savings from Phasing Out Incandescent Bulbs]
• [https://www.energystar.gov/products/light_bulbs Energy Star Light Bulbs for Consumers]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20151127003128/http://www.ultra-leds.co.uk/index.php/2015/06/23/whats-the-best-way-to-dispose-of-your-light-bulbs/ How to dispose of your old incandescent bulbs]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20200127101735/https://www.ecofinsolution.com.au/victorian-energy-upgrades/ Victorian Energy Upgrades Program, Australia].
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20200329231142/https://www.timetosave.com.au/led-residential-lighting/ LED residential lighting by the Government of Victoria for free]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Phase-Out Of Incandescent Light Bulbs}}

Category:Energy-saving lighting

Category:Environmental impact of the energy industry

Category:Incandescent light bulbs

Incandescent light bulbs

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