phlox

File:Phlox on a patio.jpg

The name is derived from the Ancient Greek word {{Transliteration|grc|phlox}} meaning flame in reference to the intense flower colors of some varieties.[http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=l610 "Phlox paniculata", Missouri Botanical Garden] Fertilized flowers typically produce one relatively large seed. The fruit is a longitudinally dehiscent capsule with three or more valves that sometimes separate explosively.{{cite book |title=Flowering plants, Dicotyledons: Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales |author=Klaus Kubitzki |publisher=Springer |year=2004|page=311 |isbn=9783540065128 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O-tHGAaaf2cC&q=polemoniaceae+dehiscence&pg=PA311}}

Some species such as P. paniculata (garden phlox) grow upright, while others such as P. subulata (moss phlox, moss pink, mountain phlox) grow short and matlike. Paniculata or tall phlox, is a native American wildflower that is native from New York to Iowa south to Georgia, Mississippi and Arkansas. It blooms from July to September.

Creeping phlox spreads rapidly and makes great ground cover.[https://www.almanac.com/plant/phlox "Growing Phlox", The Farmer's Almanac] It can be planted to cover banks, fill spaces under tall trees, and spill and trail over slopes. Creeping phlox blooms in spring and produces long, spreading stems, which become woody with age. It was introduced into cultivation by the late 1700s.[https://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-collections/creeping-phlox "Creeping Phlox", Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia]

The foliage of Phlox is a food for the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including dot moth, Gazoryctra wielgusi, hummingbird hawk-moth and Schinia indiana (which feeds exclusively on P. pilosa). Phlox species are also a popular food source for groundhogs, rabbits and deer.

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File:Phlox paniculata fruit and seeds.jpg

File:Phlox triovulata.jpg

The species in the genus include:

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• Phlox aculeata {{small|A.Nelson}}
• Phlox adsurgens {{small|Torr. ex A.Gray}}
• Phlox albomarginata {{small|M.E.Jones}}
• Phlox alyssifolia {{small|Greene}}
• Phlox amabilis {{small|Brand}}
• Phlox amoena {{small|Sims}}
• Phlox amplifolia {{small|Britton}}
• Phlox andicola {{small|(Britton) E.E.Nelson}}
• Phlox austromontana {{small|Coville}}
• Phlox bifida {{small|L.C.Beck}}
• Phlox buckleyi {{small|Wherry}}
• Phlox caespitosa {{small|Nutt.}}
• Phlox carolina {{small|L.}}
• Phlox caryophylla {{small|Wherry}}
• Phlox cluteana {{small|A.Nelson}}
• Phlox colubrina {{small|Wherry & Constance}}
• Phlox condensata {{small|(A.Gray) E.E.Nelson}}
• Phlox cuspidata {{small|Scheele}}
• Phlox diffusa {{small|Benth.}}
• Phlox dispersa {{small|Sharsm.}}
• Phlox divaricata {{small|L.}}
• Phlox dolichantha {{small|A.Gray}}
• Phlox douglasii {{small|Hook.}}
• Phlox drummondii {{small|Hook.}}
• Phlox floridana {{small|Benth.}}
• Phlox glaberrima {{small|L.}}
• Phlox glabriflora {{small|(Brand) Whitehouse}}
• Phlox gladiformis {{small|(M.E.Jones) E.E.Nelson}}
• Phlox × glutinosa {{small|Buckley}}
• Phlox griseola {{small|Wherry}}
• Phlox hendersonii {{small|(E.E.Nelson) Cronquist}}
• Phlox hirsuta {{small|E.E.Nelson}}
• Phlox hoodii {{small|Richardson}}
• Phlox idahonis {{small|Wherry}}
• Phlox kelseyi {{small|Britton}}
• Phlox longifolia {{small|Nutt.}}
• Phlox maculata {{small|L.}}
• Phlox mesoleuca {{small|Greene}}
• Phlox mexicana {{small|Wherry}}
• Phlox missoulensis {{small|Wherry}}
• Phlox mollis {{small|Wherry}}
• Phlox multiflora {{small|A.Nelson}}
• Phlox nana {{small|Nutt.}}
• Phlox nivalis {{small|G.Lodd. ex Sweet}}
• Phlox oklahomensis {{small|Wherry}}
• Phlox opalensis {{small|Dorn}}
• Phlox ovata {{small|L.}}
• Phlox paniculata {{small|L.}}
• Phlox pattersonii {{small|Prather}}
• Phlox peckii {{small|Wherry}}
• Phlox pilosa {{small|L.}}
• Phlox pulchra {{small|(Wherry) Wherry}}
• Phlox pulvinata {{small|(Wherry) Cronquist}}
• Phlox pungens {{small|Dorn}}
• Phlox × pyramidalis {{small|Sm.}}
• Phlox richardsonii {{small|Hook.}}
• Phlox rigida {{small|Benth.}}
• Phlox roemeriana {{small|Scheele}}
• Phlox sibirica {{small|L.}}
• Phlox solivaga {{small|Mayfield & Darrach}}
• Phlox speciosa {{small|Pursh}}
• Phlox stolonifera {{small|Sims}}
• Phlox subulata {{small|L.}}
• Phlox tenuifolia {{small|E.E.Nelson}}
• Phlox triovulata {{small|Thurb. ex Torr.}}
• Phlox variabilis {{small|Brand}}
• Phlox vermejoensis {{small|B.S.Legler}}
• Phlox viridis {{small|E.E.Nelson}}
• Phlox viscida {{small|E.E.Nelson}}
• Phlox woodhousei {{small|(A.Gray) E.E.Nelson}}

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File:Phlox divaricata 1.jpg

Several species and cultivars of phlox are commonly grown in gardens. Most cultivated phlox, with the notable exception of Phlox drummondii, are perennial. Species from alpine habitats (and cultivars derived from them) require full sun and good drainage. Those from woodland habitats (such as Phlox divaricata) require partial shade and soil rich in humus. Those from waterside habitats (such as P. paniculata) require full sun and moisture at the roots.Prof. Craigmyle, M., The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Perennials, Salamander Books Ltd, 2002, p222 {{ISBN|1 901683 78 8}} Phlox are valued in the garden for their ability to attract butterflies. Phlox are propagated from stem cuttings, clump division, and seeds.{{Cite book |last=Toogood |first=Alan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WhfEDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA206 |title=Propagating Plants: How to Create New Plants for Free |date=2019-05-07 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-1-4654-9898-4 |language=en}}

{{Reflist}}

• [https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=phdi5 Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas, Austin]
• [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=phlox Natural Resources Conservation Service USDA]

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• {{cite web |last=Dole |first=Claire H. |title=Phlox: A Butterfly and Moth Magnet |year=2000 |url=http://butterflywebsite.com/articles/bgq/Phlox.htm |access-date=2007-05-08 }}
• {{cite EB1911|wstitle=Phlox|volume=21|page=447}}

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Category:Garden plants

Category:Polemoniaceae genera

Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus