red-cowled cardinal
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Red-cowled cardinal
| image = Paroaria dominicana05.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Paroaria
| species = dominicana
| authority = (Linnaeus, 1758)
| synonyms = Loxia dominicana {{small|Linnaeus, 1758}}
| range_map = Paroaria dominicana map.svg
}}
The red-cowled cardinal The red-cowled cardinal is not in the genus Cardinalis, therefore it is not a true cardinal. (Paroaria dominicana) is a bird species in the tanager family (Thraupidae). It is not very closely related to the cardinals proper (Cardinalidae).
It is endemic to Brazil. It occurs in a wide range of dry to semi-humid open to semi-open habitats in north-eastern Brazil, especially the Caatinga region. It has been introduced (probably by means of escaped caged individuals) to Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, being locally common even in urban areas.José Felipe Monteiro Pereira, Aves e Pássaros Comuns do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Technical Books, 2008, {{ISBN|978-85-61368-00-5}} , pg.138.
File:Red-Cowled Cardinal skull “Paroaria dominicana” at MAV-USP.jpg
Taxonomy
The red-cowled cardinal was formally described in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae. He placed it with the crossbills in the genus Loxia and coined the binomial name Loxia dominica.{{cite book | last=Linnaeus | first=Carl | author-link=Carl Linnaeus | year=1758 | title= Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis | volume=1 | edition=10th | page=172 | publisher=Laurentii Salvii | location=Holmiae (Stockholm) | language=Latin | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727079 }}{{ cite book | editor-last=Paynter | editor-first=Raymond A. Jr | year=1970 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=13 | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=213 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483448 }} The specific epithet alludes to the black and white habits of members of the Dominican Order.{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=138 | url=https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n138/mode/1up }} The red-cowled cardinal is now one of six species placed in the genus Paroaria that was introduced by Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1832. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | date=December 2023 | title=Tanagers and allies | work=IOC World Bird List Version 14.1 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/tanagers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=7 February 2024}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons|Paroaria dominicana}}
- [http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/especie.phtml?idEspecie=9513 Red-cowled Cardinal videos] on the Internet Bird Collection
- [http://vireo.acnatsci.org/search.html?Form=Search&SEARCHBY=Common&KEYWORDS=red-cowled+cardinal&showwhat=images&AGE=All&SEX=All&ACT=All&Search=Search&VIEW=All&ORIENTATION=All&RESULTS=24 Red-cowled Cardinal photo gallery] VIREO [http://vireo.acnatsci.org/species_image.php?species=Paroaria+dominicana Photo-High Res--(Close-up)]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2668576}}
Category:Birds of the Caatinga
Category:Endemic birds of Brazil
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
{{thraupidae-stub}}