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schiedam

{{short description|City and Municipality in South Holland, Netherlands}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Schiedam

| settlement_type = Town and municipality

| image_skyline = Stadhuis Schiedam.jpg

| image_alt =

| image_caption = Old city hall of Schiedam

| image_flag = Flag of Schiedam.svg

| flag_size = 100x67px

| flag_alt =

| image_shield = Coat of arms of Schiedam.svg

| shield_size = 100x80px

| shield_alt =

| nickname = Brandersstad

| image_map = Map - NL - Municipality code 0606 (2009).svg

| map_alt = Highlighted position of Schiedam in a municipal map of South Holland

| map_caption = Location in South Holland

| coordinates = {{coord|51|55|N|4|24|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}

| coordinates_footnotes =

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = Netherlands

| subdivision_type1 = Province

| subdivision_name1 = South Holland

| established_title = Settled

| established_date = c. 1230

| established_title1 = City rights

| established_date1 = 1275

| government_footnotes = {{cite web

|url = http://www.schiedam.nl/Def/Overheids-Modules/BIS-Module-30/Bestuur-en-organisatie/Lamers.html

|title = Dhr. C.H.J. Lamers

|trans-title=Mr. C.H.J. Lamers

|language = nl

|publisher = Gemeente Schiedam

|access-date = 23 August 2013}}

| governing_body = Municipal council

| leader_party = CDA

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = Cor Lamers

| unit_pref = Metric

| area_footnotes = {{Dutch municipality total area|dataref}}

| area_total_km2 = {{Dutch municipality total area|Schiedam}}

| area_land_km2 = {{Dutch municipality land area|Schiedam}}

| area_water_km2 = {{Dutch municipality water area|Schiedam}}

| elevation_footnotes = {{cite web

|url=http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool

|title=Postcodetool for 3112DZ

|language=nl

|work=Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland

|publisher=Het Waterschapshuis

|access-date=23 August 2013

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053543/http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool

|archive-date=21 September 2013

}}

| elevation_m = −1

| elevation_max_footnotes =

| elevation_max_m =

| elevation_min_footnotes =

| elevation_min_m =

| population_footnotes = {{Dutch municipality population|dataref}}

| population_total = {{Dutch municipality population|Schiedam}}

| population_as_of = {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population|popbasemonth}}}} {{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}

| population_density_km2 = {{Dutch municipality population density|Schiedam}}

| population_demonym = Schiedammer

| timezone1 = CET

| utc_offset1 = +1

| timezone1_DST = CEST

| utc_offset1_DST = +2

| postal_code_type = Postcode

| postal_code = 3100–3125

| area_code_type = Area code

| area_code = 010

| website = {{URL|1=http://www.schiedam.nl}}

| footnotes =

}}

File:Gem-Schiedam-OpenTopo.jpg

File:Schiedam, zicht op haven foto2 2008-05-12 11.32.JPG

File:De Kameel.jpg

Schiedam ({{IPA|nl|sxiˈdɑm|-|Nl-Schiedam.ogg}}) is a large town and municipality in the west of the Netherlands. It is located in the Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area, west of the city Rotterdam, east of the town Vlaardingen and south of the city Delft. In the south, Schiedam is also connected to the village of Pernis via the Benelux tunnel.

The town is known for its historical center with canals, and for having the tallest windmills in the world.

Schiedam is also well known for the distilleries and malthouses and production of jenever, such as the internationally renowned Ketel One; in French and English, the word schiedam (usually without a capital s-) refers to the town's jenever. This was the town's main industry during the early Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th century, a period to which it owed its former nickname "Zwart Nazareth" ("Black Nazareth").

The town is also known for Saint Lidwina, one of the most famous Dutch saints, whose relics are located in the town’s basilica.

History

Schiedam was founded around the year 1230. The river Schie was dammed by the Lord of Wassenaer and the Amtlord Dirk Bokel of the Amt Mathenesse, this was to protect the existing polderland against the seawater from the North Sea. In 1247, Lady Adelaide of Holland married John I, Count of Hainaut. As a dowry she received from him the eastern part of the dam together with the adjacent polder. The dam attracted many trade activities because goods for and from the hinterland (Delft, and further away Leiden and Haarlem) had to be transhipped. A small town developed swiftly around the dam and its activities. In 1275, Schiedam received town privileges from Lady Adelaide, this in her capacity as sister of William II, the reigning Count of Holland and King of the Romans. She ordered the building of Te Riviere Castle near the Schie, which is known today as "Castle Mathenesse" (Dutch: "Huis te Riviere" or "Slot Mathenesse"). Remnants of a donjon, which were once part of the castle, are still visible today in the centre of Schiedam and near the town office.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}

As a young settlement Schiedam soon received competition from surrounding towns and cities: in 1340, Rotterdam and Delft also were allowed to establish a connection between the Schie and the Meuse. From the 15th century onwards the town flourished as a place of pilgrimage due to the devotion afforded to Saint Lidwina, one of the most famous Dutch saints who lived her life in Schiedam. The town subsequently gained significance by fishing for herring. In 1428 a great fire swept through Schiedam, destroying large parts of the then wooden town.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}

In 1575 the world's first known commercial distillery started operations in Schiedam.{{ cite book | last1 = Doxat | first1 = John | year = 1972 | chapter = Bols | title = The World of Drinks and Drinking: An International Distillation | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vY4UAQAAIAAJ | publication-place = New York | publisher = Drake Publishers | page = 35 | isbn = 9780877492542 | access-date = 11 December 2023 | quote = [...] the oldest gin house in the world - presumably the world's oldest commercial distillers - Bols Boord & Son was founded in 1575, at Schiedam [...]. }} The 18th century was Schiedam's Golden Age, when the gin industry flourished. The standstill in drink imports from France made the boom in Schiedam's distilleries possible. From dozens of distilleries Schiedam jenever was exported throughout the world. The gin industry gave the town its nickname "Black Nazareth". This industry is now largely gone. Five windmills in the town, called De Noord, Walvisch, Drie Koornbloemen, Nieuwe Palmboom and Vrijheid − are the highest traditional-style windmills in the world because they had to stick out above the high warehouses, and many storehouses are relics of this past. In one of the former factories at the Lange Haven the National Jenever Museum operates.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}

On 10 August 1856, the first major train accident in the Netherlands happened near Schiedam Centrum railway station, causing 3 deaths. On 4 May 1976 the 1976 Schiedam train accident also took place near the station, which caused 24 deaths.{{cite news | url=http://www.archiefleeuwardercourant.nl/vw/article.do?id=DVHN-20040501-DW01006004&vw=org&lm=treinramp%2Cschiedam | title=Eerste treinramp met doden ook bij Schiedam | work=Dagblad van het Noorden | date=May 1, 2004 | access-date=December 2, 2011|language=nl}}

At the end of the 19th and throughout the 20th century, the shipbuilding industry boomed in Schiedam, with large companies like Wilton-Fijenoord and others. In 1941, the ancient municipalities Kethel en Spaland were merged with Schiedam, which made large expansions of the town possible with residential areas in the north. At the end of the 20th century, the shipbuilding industry largely disappeared and today, Schiedam is mainly a commuter-area in the Rotterdam metropolitan area.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}

Geography

The town of Schiedam is located in the province of South Holland. It is enclosed between Rotterdam (east), Midden-Delfland (north), Vlaardingen (west) and the river Nieuwe Maas (south).

Schiedam exists of nine districts: Centrum ('Center'), Oost ('East'), Gorzen ('South'), West ('West'), Nieuwland, Groenoord, Kethel, Woudhoek and Spaland/Sveaparken.{{cite web|url=http://www.schiedam.nl/Def/inwoners/Wonen-en-Wijken/Wijken.html|title=Wijken - Gemeente Schiedam|access-date=16 November 2016}}

Demographics

55,44% Dutch background, 14,42% Western migration background, 30,15% Non western migration background{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}

Attractions

= Museums =

  • {{ill|Stedelijk Museum Schiedam|nl}}{{cite web|url=http://www.stedelijkmuseumschiedam.nl/|title=Stedelijk Museum Schiedam|website=Stedelijk Museum Schiedam}}
  • {{ill|Jenevermuseum (Schiedam)|nl}}{{cite web|url=http://www.jenevermuseum.nl/|title=Nationaal Jenevermuseum Schiedam|website=Nationaal Jenevermuseum Schiedam}}
  • Het Borrelmuseum (in 't Spul on Hoogstraat)
  • {{ill|De Walvisch|nl}}{{cite web|url=http://www.schiedamsemolens.nl|title=De Schiedamse Molens|website=www.schiedamsemolens.nl}}
  • Nationaal Coöperatie Museum Schiedam / 't Winkeltje
  • Artgallery 't Walvisch

= Monuments =

  • The old town hall ({{ill|Oude stadhuis (Schiedam)|nl}})
  • The canals of Schiedam
  • The Wheat Exchange (De Korenbeurs)
  • Church of Saint John (Grote of Sint-Janskerk)
  • The ruins of Te Riviere Castle{{cite web|url=https://www.scyedam.nl/kaleida/pagina.php?id=425|title=Scyedam - Kaleida - Ruïne Huis te Riviere|website=scyedam.delinea.nl}}
  • {{ill|Saint Lidwina basilica|nl|Basiliek van de H. Liduina en Onze-Lieve-Vrouw van de Rozenkrans}}{{cite web |url=http://www.keilholtz.nl/basiliek/basiliek/images/schiedam-sing-02.jpg |title=Archived copy |access-date=2006-07-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006203116/http://www.keilholtz.nl/basiliek/basiliek/images/schiedam-sing-02.jpg |archive-date=2007-10-06 }}
  • De Plantage (a park)
  • The Porters' Guild House ({{ill|Zakkendragershuisje (Schiedam)|nl}})
  • Het Proveniershuis (housing elderly people)
  • The historical windmills of Schiedam. This includes the tallest windmill in the world which is used as a restaurant.

= Events =

  • {{ill|Brandersfeesten|nl}}{{cite web|url=http://www.brandersfeesten.nl|title=Brandersfeesten - Jaarlijks feest in Schiedam Centrum|website=www.brandersfeesten.nl}}
  • The National Windmill Days{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalemolenengemalendag.nl|title=Nationale molen- en gemalendag - Alles over molens|website=www.nationalemolenengemalendag.nl}} (Nationale Molen- & Gemalen dag)
  • Monthly art exhibition at Artipico Art Gallery{{cite web|url=http://www.artipico.com|title=Galerie Artipico Schiedam - DIET WIEGMAN CLEMENS BRIELS - JUDITH WIERSEMA|last=Artipico|website=www.artipico.com}} (maandelijkse Kunstborrel)

==Past notable events==

  • 1856 Schiedam train accident
  • 1976 Schiedam train accident
  • 1976 Schiedam riots
  • 2012 lip dub World record attempt{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjSh0Z_NR_A| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727211457/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjSh0Z_NR_A| archive-date=2013-07-27 | url-status=dead|title=Schiedam 2012 - DOUBLE LIPDUB WORLD RECORD!!! - OLD BETA VERSION|last=Yorick de Vries|date=30 September 2012|via=YouTube}}

Sport

The most popular sports in Schiedam are soccer and field hockey. Two of its prominent soccer clubs, SVV (Schiedamse voetbal vereniging) and Hermes, were formerly part of the Netherlands' professional football league before being relegated due to financial difficulties. Cricket is also unusually popular in Schiedam, with two cricket teams playing in the topklasse (by comparison, the Dutch capital Amsterdam only has one). Aforementioned team Hermes D.V.S. holds two topklasse titles, whilst rivals Excelsior '20 hold eleven.{{cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/bce4de52-cb20-11db-b436-000b5df10621 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/bce4de52-cb20-11db-b436-000b5df10621 |archive-date=2022-12-10 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Hail Holland, world cricket's unlikely lads|newspaper=Financial Times |date=5 March 2007 |access-date=16 November 2016}}

Education

There are about 35 schools in Schiedam. The oldest high school is the Stedelijk Gymnasium Schiedam, dating back to 1346. Other schools include Lyceum Schravenlant, Spieringshoek and Lentiz LIFE.

Notable people

= Public thinking & public service =

File:Jan van Riebeeck.jpg

File:Dirk Jan de Geer.jpg

= The arts =

File:Wybrand de Geest - Adam Joseph Pynacker.jpg

= Sport =

File:Pauline van der Wildt 1964.jpg

File:Kelly Dulfer 2 20180128.jpg

International relations

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the Netherlands}}

=Twin towns – Sister cities=

Schiedam was twinned with:

  • {{flagicon|FRA}} - Vienne, France
  • {{flagicon|GER}} - Esslingen am Neckar, Germany (since 1964)
  • {{flagicon|POL}} - Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland (since 1992)
  • {{flagicon|SVN}} - Velenje, Slovenia (since 1970)
  • {{flagicon|WAL}} - Neath Port Talbot, Wales (since 1964){{cite web |title=Neath Port Talbot Twin Towns |url=http://www.npt.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=1988 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130822042254/http://www.npt.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=1988 |archive-date=2013-08-22 |access-date=2013-08-22 |work=Neath Port Talbot County Borough Council}}
  • {{flagicon|ITA}} - Udine, Italy
  • {{flagicon|ENG}} - Wandsworth, England (since 1946)

The relations between Schiedam and these cities was stopped in 2008, after Schiedam joined Eurotowns{{Cite web |title=Information about the international relationships by the municipality (in Dutch) |url=https://www.schiedam.nl/a-tot-z/europese-samenwerking-projecten-en-netwerken }}

Gallery

File:Schiedam, de Sint Liduinabasiliek (RM33276) op het Stadserf IMG 8171 2016-03-13 14.04.jpg|New townhall and basilica

File:Schiedam, Huis te Riviere positie2 foto5 2016-03-13 15.30.jpg|Ruin: Huis te Riviere

File:Schiedam, de Grote of Sint Janskerk RM33241 foto5 2016-03-13 14.58.jpg|Church: de Grote of Sint Janskerk

File:Schiedam, Johannes de Doperkerk RM33223 foto3 2013-07-07 17.19.jpg|Church: Johannes de Doperkerk

File:Schiedam, sculptuur de Zakkendrager aan de Nieuwe Sluisstraat foto5 2016-03-13 14.38.jpg|Sculpture (de Zakkendrager)

File:Schiedam, schip in de Korte Haven bij de Korenbeurs foto3 2016-023-13 14.45.jpg|Ship in the Korte Haven near the Korenbeurs

File:Schiedam, het Proveniershuis RM33272 IMG 8211 2016-03-13 15.19.jpg|Monumental building: het Proveniershuis

File:Schiedam, straatzicht Rotterdamsedijk-Broersvest foto4 2016-03-13 14.19.jpg|Street view: Broersvest-Rotterdamsedijk

See also

References

{{reflist|30em}}

External links

{{Sister project links |wikt=no |commons=Schiedam |b=no |n=no |q=no |s=Harper's New Monthly Magazine/Vol. XLIV/No. 260/January 1872/Holland and the Hollanders|v=no |voy=Schiedam |species=no |d=no}}

  • {{Official website|http://www.schiedam.nl/}}
  • [https://historischeverenigingschiedam.nl/ Historical Society Schiedam]
  • [https://www.deschiedamsemolens.nl/ Windmills of Schiedam]
  • [http://www.schiedam.com Touristic Information Schiedam]

{{Geographic location

|Centre = Schiedam

|North = Midden-Delfland

|Northeast =

|East = Rotterdam

|Southeast =

|South = Nieuwe Maas
Rotterdam

|Southwest =

|West = Vlaardingen

|Northwest =

}}

{{South Holland Province}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Populated places established in the 13th century

Category:Municipalities of South Holland

Category:Populated places in South Holland