striped woodpecker

The striped woodpecker was originally described as Picus Lignarius.{{cite book | last =Molina | first =G.I. | author-link =Juan Ignacio Molina | title =Saggio sulla storia naturale del Chili | date = 1782| pages =236 | language =it | url =https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/viewer/9635/?offset=#page=237&viewer=picture&o=bookmark&n=0&q= }} It was later placed in Dyctiopicus, which was merged into Dendrocopos, which in turn was merged into Picoides where it and its sister species the checkered woodpecker (V. mixtus) were considered outliers. In 2006, Moore et al. published research on mtDNA COI and Cyt b sequences which suggested that the two belong in genus Veniliornis.{{cite journal |last1=Moore |first1=W.S. |last2=Weibel |first2=A.C. |last3=Agius |first3=A.|date=2006 |title=Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of the woodpecker genus Veniliornis (Picidae, Picinae) and related genera implies convergent evolution of plumage patterns. |url= |journal=Biol. J. Linn. Soc. |volume=87 |issue=4 |pages=611–624 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00586.x }} That treatment is now (2023) followed by the International Ornithological Committee and BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World.HBW and BirdLife International (2022) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 7. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v7_Dec22.zip retrieved December 13, 2022 However, starting in 2018, the American Ornithological Society and the Clements taxonomy moved all species of genus Veniliornis into genus Dryobates.R. Terry Chesser, Kevin J. Burns, Carla Cicero, Jon L. Dunn, Andrew W. Kratter, Irby J. Lovette, Pamela C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., Douglas F. Stotz, Benjamin M. Winger, and Kevin Winker. "Fifty-ninth supplement to the American Ornithological Society’s Check-list of North American Birds". The Auk 2018, vol. 135:798-813 retrieved December 13, 2022Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved November 10, 2022 In addition, there have been suggestions that the striped and checkered woodpeckers are conspecific.Winkler, H., D. A. Christie, and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Striped Woodpecker (Dryobates lignarius), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.strwoo6.01 retrieved January 23, 2023

The striped woodpecker is treated as monotypic by all of the above taxonomic systems. However, the population in Bolivia differs in several ways from that further south and may deserve to be treated as a subspecies or species V. (or D.) (lignarius) puncticeps.

File:Striped woodpecker (Picoides lignarius) - Torres del Paine National Park 08.jpg, Chile]]

The striped woodpecker is {{convert|15|to|16|cm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long and weighs {{convert|35|to|39|g|oz|sigfig=2|abbr=on}}. Males and females have the same plumage except on their heads. Adults of both sexes have a black forehead and crown, a blackish hindneck, and a generally white face with a blackish stripe back and down from the eye and a black malar stripe. Males have some streaks or spots on the crown and a red to orange-red nape. The female's nape is black where the male's is red and its crown usually is solid black. Both sexes' upperparts are brownish black, with white scallops on northern birds and narrow white bars on southern ones. Their flight feathers are barred black and white. Their tail is dark brownish black with narrow white or buff-white bars. Their underparts are white with a yellow or buff tinge, and black streaks on the breast and belly and black bars on the flanks and undertail coverts. Juveniles are duller and browner than adults, with irregular bars on their upperparts and heavy streaks and bars on their underparts. Males have a red crown and females a small red patch on the crown.

The striped woodpecker has two disjunct populations. One is in west-central and southern Bolivia and extreme northern Argentina. The other is in central and southern Chile and southwestern Argentina. It inhabits a variety of landscapes, most of them semi-open to open forest. They include moist to humid forests dominated by Nothofagus or Podocarpus, Polylepis woodland, and dryer areas with cacti and scattered trees. In the north it also occurs in the interior of mature wet forest with watercourses, and both north and south occurs in lightly treed pastures, orchards and plantations, and gardens. In elevation it ranges between {{convert|1600|and|4000|m|ft|abbr=on}} in Bolivia but only up to {{convert|1800|m|ft|abbr=on}} in Chile and {{convert|2700|m|ft|abbr=on}} in Argentina.

The striped woodpecker is a year-round resident throughout its range but for some elevational changes between winter and summer. Reports of northward winter migration from the south appear to be inaccurate.

The striped woodpecker usually forages alone but occasionally joins mixed-species feeding flocks. Its diet has not been defined in detail but it is known to feed on adult and larval insects. It takes its food mainly by gleaning and probing but also pecks and hammers to reach below the substrate surface.

The striped woodpecker is believed to nest between June and September in Bolivia and between October and January in Chile and Argentina. It excavates a nest cavity in a tree or cactus, typically between about {{convert|2|and|12|m|ft|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} above the ground. The clutch size is three to five eggs; the incubation period and time to fledging are not known. Both sexes provision nestlings.

{{birdsong|url=https://xeno-canto.org/species/Veniliornis-lignarius |species=striped woodpecker}}

The striped woodpecker makes a loud "peek" and also a "trill as [a] long-distance call".

The IUCN has assessed the striped woodpecker as being of Least Concern. It has a large range, and though its population size is not known it is believed to be stable. No immediate threats have been identified. It occurs in several national parks in Chile and Argentina but is poorly known and "requires study".

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striped woodpecker

Category:Birds of the Bolivian Andes

Category:Birds of Chile

Category:Birds of Patagonia

Category:Birds of the Southern Andes

striped woodpecker