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tricholoma

{{Short description|Genus of fungi}}

{{For|the plant genus formerly known as Tricholoma|Glossostigma}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Gąska zielonka 4163586757.jpg

| image_caption = Tricholoma flavovirens

|taxon = Tricholoma

|authority = Fries

|subdivision_ranks = Species

|subdivision =

|type_species = Tricholoma equestre

|type_species_authority = (L.) P.Kumm.

|synonyms_ref =

|synonyms =

}}

Tricholoma is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various species of coniferous or broad-leaved trees. The generic name derives from {{langx|grc|τριχο-|tricho-|hair}} and {{langx|grc|λῶμα|loma|fringe, border}}{{cite book | last = Nilson|first= Sven |author2=Olle Persson | year = 1977 | title = Fungi of Northern Europe 2: Gill-Fungi | publisher = Penguin|isbn=0-14-063006-6|page=24}} although only a few species (such as T. vaccinum) have shaggy caps which fit this description.

The most sought-out species are the East Asian T. matsutake, also known as matsutake or songi, and the North American Tricholoma magnivelare species complex, also known as "ponderosa mushroom", "American matsutake", or "pine mushroom". Others are safe to eat, such as T. terreum, but there are a few poisonous members, such as T. pardinum, T. tigrinum and T. equestre.

Many species originally described within Tricholoma have since been moved to other genera. These include the Wood blewit (Clitocybe nuda), previously T. nudum, blewit (Clitocybe saeva), previously T. personatum, and St George's mushroom (Calocybe gambosa) previously T. gambosum.

Tricholomalides are neurotrophic diterpenoids isolated from species of Tricholoma.{{cite journal |author=Sachiko Tsukamoto, Abdulgafor D Macabalang, Keigo Nakatani, Yutaro Obara, Norimichi Nakahata, Tomihisa Ohta |date=2003 |title=Tricholomalides A-C, new neurotrophic diterpenes from the mushroom Tricholoma sp |journal=J Nat Prod |volume=66 |issue=12 |pages=1578–1581 |doi=10.1021/np030140x |pmid=14695800}}

File:Tricholomalide A and B Structures.svg

Species list

{{Main|List of Tricholoma species}}

Image:Tricholoma fulvum 041031w.jpg

Image:Tricholoma lascivum.jpg

Image:Tricholoma scalpuratum 20061014wa.jpg

Image:Tricholoma sulphureum 031123w.jpg

Image:Tricholoma terreum 20061105wa.jpg

See also

{{Portal|Fungi}}

References

Footnotes

{{Notelist}}

Citations

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • Marcel Bon : The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-western Europe (Hodder & Stoughton 1987). {{ISBN|0-340-39935-X}}
  • Régis Courtecuisse, Bernard Duhem : Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe (Delachaux & Niestlé, 1994–2000). {{ISBN|2-603-00953-2}}

External links

{{Commons category|Tricholoma}}

  • [http://www.mushroomexpert.com/tricholoma.html Mushroom Expert – The Genus Tricholoma]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20010627121940/http://www.mykoweb.com/CAF/species/Tricholoma_magnivelare.html Mykoweb profile of T. magnivelare]
  • [http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/mycology/ MYCOLOGY/bionet.mycology Archives]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q573661}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Agaricales genera