Login
Login

w:en:List of alismatid families

{{short description|none}}

{{Featured list}}

{{Multiple image |align=right |width=150px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox |image1=Amorphophallus titanum (corpse flower) - 2.jpg |alt1="a large inflorescence" |caption1=Titan arum|image2=Wolffia columbiana 18906075.jpg |alt2="tiny plants" |caption2=Duckweed; each speck is an individual plant.}}

{{Lists of flowering plant families sidebar}}

{{For|the other monocot families|List of lilioid families|List of commelinid families}}

The alismatid monocots are a group of 15 interrelated families of flowering plants, named for their largest order, Alismatales.{{efn-la|The taxonomy (classification) in this list follows Plants of the World (2017){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017}} and the fourth Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.{{sfn|Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|2016}} Total counts of genera for each family come from Plants of the World Online.{{sfn|POWO}} (See the [https://www.kew.org/science/collections-and-resources/data-and-digital/terms-of-use POWO license].) Extinct taxa are not included. The monocots as a whole are the plants responsible for most of the global agricultural output, including those in the grass, palm, banana, ginger, asparagus, pineapple, sedge and onion families.{{sfn|Givnish|Ames|McNeal|McKain|2010|p=585}}{{sfn|Royal Botanic Gardens}} }} Like other monocots, they usually have a single embryonic leaf (cotyledon) in their seeds, scattered vascular systems, leaves with parallel veins, flowers with parts in threes or multiples of three, and roots that can develop in more than one place along the stems.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=115–116}} The alismatids have adapted to thrive in oceans, temperate zones, deserts, the tropics, and even glacial regions.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=115–131}}

Like the earliest monocots, many of the alismatid monocots are aquatic, and some grow completely submerged. Apart from the sweet-flag family of wetlands plants, all the alismatid families are in Alismatales. Some of the plants in this order are invasive aquatic weeds that can disrupt and destabilize ecosystems. Others grow in a variety of habitats, especially plants in the aroid family. This family includes the titan arum, with the world's largest unbranched inflorescence, and also the world's smallest flowering plant, duckweed.{{sfn|Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|2016}}{{sfn|Royal Botanic Gardens}}{{sfn|Stevens|2023}}{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=117–120}} __FORCETOC__

Glossary

From the glossary of botanical terms:

  • annual: a plant species that completes its life cycle within a single year or growing season
  • basal: attached close to the base (of a plant or an evolutionary tree diagram)
  • climber: a vine that leans on, twines around or clings to other plants for vertical support
  • herbaceous: not woody; usually green and soft in texture
  • perennial: not an annual or biennial
  • woody: hard and lignified; not herbaceous{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=638–670}}

The APG IV system is the fourth in a series of plant taxonomies from the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group.{{sfn|Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|2016}} In this system, the alismatids are basal within the monocots.{{sfn|Stevens|2023}}{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=10,117}}

Alismatid families

class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders"

|+{{sronly|Alismatid families}}

! scope="col" width="1%" |Family and a common name{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=117–131}}{{efn-la|Each family's formal name ends in the Latin suffix wikt:-aceae

aceae and is derived from the name of a genus that is or once was part of the family.{{sfn|ICN|loc=art. 18}}}}

! scope="col" width="15%" |Type genus and etymology{{efn-la|Some plants were named for naturalists (unless otherwise noted).}}

! scope="col" width="15%" |Total genera; global distribution

! scope="col" class="unsortable" style="min-width:160px;" width="30%" |Description and uses

! scope="col" width="1%" |Order{{sfn|Stevens|2023|loc=Summary of APG IV}}

! scope="col" class="unsortable" width="1%" |Type genus images

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Acoraceae
(sweet-flag family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=117}}

|Acorus comes from a Latin plant name.{{sfn|Coombes|2012|p=30}}{{sfn|Stearn|2002|p=30}}

|1 genus, in North America, Europe and Asia{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=117}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Acoraceae}}

|Herbaceous aromatic plants with thin, sword-shaped leaves. The rhizomes are essentially non-vascular.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=117}}

|Acorales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Acorus calamus |image1=Acorus calamus 002.JPG |alt1="flowers" |image2=Acorus calamus sl4.jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Alismataceae
(water-plantain family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=122}}

|Alisma comes from a Greek plant name.{{sfn|Coombes|2012|p=36}}{{sfn|Stearn|2002|p=38}}{{sfn|IPNI|loc=[https://www.ipni.org/n/77126755-1 Alismataceae, Type]}}

|18 genera, worldwide{{sfn|POWO|loc=Alismataceae}}

|Herbaceous latex-bearing aquatic plants, usually perennials. They take root in freshwater beds, and some remain submerged.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=122}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Alismataceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa}} Two species are consumed in Asia, and another was a food source for Native Americans.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=122}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Alismataceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa}} {{C4}} photosynthesis{{efn-la|See Photosynthesis#C3 : C4 photosynthesis research for the chemistry of {{C4}} photosynthesis.}} has been observed in Sagittaria.{{sfn|Stevens|2023}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Alisma plantago-aquatica |image1=Alisma plantago-aquatica 002.JPG |alt1="flowers" |image2=Alisma plantago-aquatica20090812 239-0.jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Aponogetona­ceae
(waterblommetjie family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=126}}

|Aponogeton is from the Latin for "near (the hot springs at) Aponus".{{sfn|Stearn|2002|p=48}}

|1 genus, in Africa, Oceania, and South and Southeast Asia{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=126}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Aponogetonaceae}}

|Herbaceous smooth-stemmed freshwater perennials, usually with long leaf-stalks.{{sfn|POWO|loc=Aponogetonaceae, Flora of Somalia}} Cape pondweed flowers are consumed as a delicacy in South Africa; the tubers are also edible.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=126}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Aponogeton distachyos |image1=Aponogeton distachyos flower.jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=Monte (Funchal) IMG 2045.JPG |alt2="flowers and foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Araceae
(aroid family){{sfn|POWO|loc=Araceae, Neotropikey}}

|Arum comes from a Greek plant name.{{sfn|Coombes|2012|p=52}}{{sfn|Stearn|2002|p=53}}{{sfn|IPNI|loc=[https://www.ipni.org/n/30000216-2 Araceae, Type]}}

|142 genera, worldwide, especially in the tropics{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=118–120}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Araceae}}

|Generally sappy, herbaceous plants growing in soil, in water and on trees, along with a few woody climbers. Many cultures have relied on taro plants (which are toxic when raw) as a staple crop.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=118–120}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Rapateaceae, Flora of West Tropical Africa}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Arum maculatum |image1=Arum maculatum fluy 80 05052007 3.jpg |alt1="flowers and foliage" |image2=Arum maculatum 126660708.jpg |alt2="flowers and foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Butomaceae
(flowering-rush family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=123}}

|Butomus is from the Greek for "ox-wounding", named for the sharp leaves.{{sfn|Coombes|2012|p=72}}{{sfn|Stearn|2002|p=73}}

|1 genus, in temperate Europe and Asia{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=123}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Butomaceae}}

|Smooth-stemmed herbaceous aquatic, swamp or marsh plants, usually with milky latex.{{sfn|POWO|loc=Butomaceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa}} They are consumed in parts of Russia, in bread or as a vegetable.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=123}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Butomus umbellatus |image1=Zwanenbloem (Butomus umbellatus) 04.jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=ButomusUmbellatus3.jpg |alt2="flowers and foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Cymodocea­ceae
(turtle-grass family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=131}}

|Cymodocea was named for Cymodoce, a Greek sea nymph.{{sfn|Burkhardt|2018|p=C-77}}{{sfn|IPNI|loc=[https://www.ipni.org/n/30150816-2 Cymodoceaceae, Type]}}

|6 genera, in tropical and warm temperate seas{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=131}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Cymodoceaceae}}

|Large perennials,{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=131}} up to {{convert|30|cm|abbr=on}} long in the genus Cymodocea.{{sfn|POWO|loc=Cymodoceaceae, Flora of Somalia}} They nourish and shelter many crustaceans and fish that are harvested commercially.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=131}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Cymodocea nodosa |image1=Cymodocea nodosa.jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=Cymodocea nodosa 152718741.jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Hydrocharita­ceae
(frogbit family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=123–125}}

|Hydrocharis is from the Greek for "water grace".{{sfn|Stearn|2002|p=170}}{{sfn|IPNI|loc=[https://www.ipni.org/n/30013086-2 Hydrocharitaceae, Type]}}

|14 genera, worldwide{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=123–125}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Hydrocharitaceae}}

|Annual and perennial aquatic plants. One species is consumed in Asia. Many invasive genera have become entrenched, causing considerable economic damage.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=123–125}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Hydrocharis morsus-ranae |image1=Hydrocharis morsus-ranae kz04.jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=Hydrocharis morsus-ranae 194702617.jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Juncaginaceae
(arrowgrass family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=126–127}}

|Juncago (an earlier synonym for the type genus, Triglochin) is from the Latin for "a rush-like plant".{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=126–127}}{{sfn|USDA|loc=[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?id=598 Juncaginaceae, Type]}}

|3 genera, in northern temperate zones, South America, Oceania and parts of Africa{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=126–127}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Juncaginaceae}}

|Herbaceous plants with grass-like leaves that grow in soil or water.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=126–127}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Juncaginaceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa}} Two species are edible.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=126–127}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Triglochin palustris |image1=Triglochin palustris inflorescence (21).jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=Triglochin palustris kz01.jpg |alt2="stalk"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Maundiaceae
(Maund's-arrowgrass family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=127}}

|Maundia was named for John Maund (1823–1858), a physician and chemist.{{sfn|Burkhardt|2018|p=M-34}}

|1 genus, in eastern Australia{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=127}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Maundiaceae}}

|Aquatic perennials with leaves up to {{convert|80|cm|abbr=on}} long. The family is likely to become endangered as water tables recede in eastern Australia.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=127}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Maundia triglochinoides |image1=Maundia triglochinoides 158922998.jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=Maundia triglochinoides 158922966.jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Posidoniaceae
(tapeweed family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=130}}

|Posidonia was named for Poseidon, a Greek god.{{sfn|Burkhardt|2018|p=P-60}}

|1 genus, in the Mediterranean and oceans south and west of Australia{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=130}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Posidoniaceae}}

|Submerged plants with long linear leaves. Genetically identical beds of Posidonia oceanica in the Mediterranean can be kilometers wide and persist for many thousands of years.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=130}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Posidonia oceanica |image1=Posidonia oceanica 15-11-2009.jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=Posidonia oceanica (Linnaeus, ).jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Potamogetona­ceae
(pondweed family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=128–129}}

|Potamogeton comes from Greek and Latin plant names.{{sfn|Stearn|2002|p=247}}{{sfn|IPNI|loc=[https://www.ipni.org/n/30005043-2 Potamogetonaceae, Type]}}

|5 genera, worldwide{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=128–129}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Potamogetonaceae}}

|Aquatic plants, usually perennials.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=128–129}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Potamogetonaceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa}} The plants are an important food source for many birds and aquatic animals.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=128–129}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Potamogeton natans |image1=Potamogeton.natans.-.lindsey.jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=Potamogeton natans sl12.jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Ruppiaceae
(tasselweed family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=130}}

|Ruppia was named for Heinrich Bernhard Ruppius (1688–1719).{{sfn|Burkhardt|2018|p=R-55}}

|1 genus, scattered worldwide, in ponds, marshes and shallow seas{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=130}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Ruppiaceae}}

|Submerged herbaceous plants, usually annuals with stalkless leaves{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=130}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Ruppiaceae, Neotropikey}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Ruppia polycarpa |image1=Ruppia polycarpa (7596991164).jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=Ruppia polycarpa (7597050858).jpg |alt2="stalks"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Scheuchzeria­ceae
(Rannoch-rush family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=125}}

|Scheuchzeria was named for Johann Gaspar Scheuchzer (1684–1738) and his brother Johann Jacob.{{sfn|Burkhardt|2018|p=S-22}}

|1 genus, in arctic sphagnum bogs{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=125}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Scheuchzeriaceae}}

|Perennial aquatic plants. The linear leaves have parallel veins.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=125}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Scheuchzeria palustris |image1=Rannock Rush Scheuchzeria palustris (27811787703).jpg |alt1="fruits" |image2=Scheuchzeria palustris - flowering.jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Tofieldiaceae
(false-asphodel family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=121}}

|Tofieldia was named for Thomas Tofield (1730–1779).{{sfn|Burkhardt|2018|p=T-26}}{{sfn|USDA|loc=[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?id=1370 Tofieldiaceae, Type]}}

|4 genera, mostly in northern boreal and montane zones, with some species in the US, China and Japan{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=121}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Tofieldiaceae}}

|Herbaceous rhizomatous perennials, usually with leaves attached at the plant's base{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|p=121}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Tofieldiaceae, Neotropikey}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Tofieldia calyculata |image1=Toffieldia calyculata T69.jpg |alt1="flowers" |image2=Tofieldia calyculata habit.jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

scope="row" style="vertical-align: center;" |Zosteraceae
(eelgrass family){{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=127–128}}

|Zostera is from the Greek for "belt".{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=127–128}}{{sfn|IPNI|loc=[https://www.ipni.org/n/30103742-2 Zosteraceae, Type]}}

|2 genera, in temperate and subtropical sea beds{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=127–128}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Zosteraceae}}

|Perennials with simple leaves.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=127–128}}{{sfn|POWO|loc=Zosteraceae, Neotropikey}} The plants have been used as packing material. The dense growths support commercially important fish and shrimp.{{sfn|Christenhusz|Fay|Chase|2017|pp=127–128}}

|Alismatales

|{{Multiple image |width=120px |image_style=border:none; |border=infobox | footer=Zostera marina |image1=Zostera marina - National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo - DSC07663.JPG |alt1="foliage" |image2=Eelgrass.jpg |alt2="foliage"}}

See also

{{portal|Plants}}

Notes

{{notelist-la}}

Citations

{{Hatnote|Some of POWO's data originally appeared in different databases. On the page for each family, these databases (if any) will appear under the "General information" tab.}}

{{Reflist|25em}}

References

  • {{cite journal |author=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2016 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=181 |issue=1 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1111/boj.12385 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite book |last=Burkhardt |first=Lotte |title=Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen – Erweiterte Edition |trans-title=Index of Eponymic Plant Names – Extended Edition |publisher=Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin |year=2018 |isbn=978-3-946292-26-5 |url=https://doi.org/10.3372/epolist2018 |format=pdf |language=German |location=Berlin |doi=10.3372/epolist2018 |s2cid=187926901 |access-date=January 1, 2021 }} See the terms of their [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons license].
  • {{cite book |last1=Christenhusz |first1=Maarten |last2=Fay |first2= Michael Francis|last3=Chase |first3=Mark Wayne |title=Plants of the World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Vascular Plants |publisher=Kew Publishing and The University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago, Illinois |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-226-52292-0 }}
  • {{cite book |last=Coombes |first=Allen |title=The A to Z of Plant Names: A Quick Reference Guide to 4000 Garden Plants |publisher=Timber Press |location=Portland, Oregon |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-60469-196-2 }}
  • {{cite journal|last1=Givnish|first1=Thomas J.|authorlink1=Thomas J. Givnish|last2=Ames|first2=Mercedes|last3=McNeal|first3=Joel R.|last4=McKain|first4=Michael R.|last5=Steele|first5=P. Roxanne|last6=dePamphilis|first6=Claude W.|last7=Graham|first7=Sean W.|last8=Pires|first8=J. Chris|last9=Stevenson|first9=Dennis W.|last10=Zomlefer|first10=Wendy B.|last11=Briggs|first11=Barbara G.|last12=Duvall|first12=Melvin R.|last13=Moore|first13=Michael J.|last14=Heaney|first14=J. Michael|last15=Soltis|first15=Douglas E.|authorlink15=Douglas E. Soltis|last16=Soltis|first16=Pamela S.|authorlink16 = Pamela S. Soltis|last17=Thiele|first17=Kevin|authorlink17=Kevin Thiele|last18=Leebens-Mack|first18=James H.|title=Assembling the Tree of the Monocotyledons: Plastome Sequence Phylogeny and Evolution of Poales|journal=Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden|date=December 27, 2010|volume=97|issue=4|pages=584–616 |doi=10.3417/2010023 |s2cid=15036227|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/172229|access-date=October 23, 2022 }}
  • {{cite web |url=https://www.ipni.org |author = IPNI |title = International Plant Names Index |year = 2022 |access-date=October 21, 2022 |ref = {{sfnRef|IPNI}} |location=London, Boston and Canberra |publisher= Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; and the Australian National Botanic Gardens }}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322171139/http://plantsoftheworldonline.org/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 22, 2017 |title=Plants of the World Online |author=POWO |year=2019 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |location=London |access-date=October 23, 2022 |ref = {{sfnRef|POWO}} }} See the terms of [https://www.kew.org/science/collections-and-resources/data-and-digital/terms-of-use their license].
  • {{cite web |author=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |title=Monocots I: General Alismatids & Lilioids |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |location=London |url=http://www.kew.org/science/directory/teams/MonocotsI/index.html |date=2010 |ref={{sfnRef|Royal Botanic Gardens}} |access-date=October 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150914163722/http://www.kew.org/science/directory/teams/MonocotsI/index.html |archive-date=September 14, 2015 |url-status=dead }}
  • {{cite book |last=Stearn |first=William |title=Stearn's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners |publisher=Cassell |location=London |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-304-36469-5 }}
  • {{cite web |last=Stevens |first=P.F. |date=2023|orig-year= 2001 |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Alismatales. |publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden|url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/APWeb/orders/alismatalesweb.htm|access-date=October 22, 2022 }}
  • {{cite book |editor-last=Turland |editor-first=N. J. |display-editors=etal |title=International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017 |edition=electronic |location=Glashütten |publisher=International Association for Plant Taxonomy |url=https://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/pages/main/art_18.html |access-date=February 25, 2022 |ref={{sfnRef|ICN}} }}
  • {{cite web |url=https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysearch?t=family |title=USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System |website=Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy) |author= |year=2022 |publisher=National Germplasm Resources Laboratory |location=Beltsville, Maryland |access-date=October 29, 2022 |ref={{sfnRef|USDA}} }}

{{Angiosperm orders}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:List of alismatid families}}

Systematic

Alismatid

Alismatid families

alismatid families

Category:Alismatales