:Bosaso

{{main|Maritime history of Somalia}}

The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea indicates that Ancient Greek merchants sailed to Bosaso, providing notes about the strategic and geographical location of the current Bosaso area, which was known as Mosylon in ancient times.

About {{frac|3|1|2}} hours' walk from Bet Qasim, we came to Bander Kasin (also called by the Arabs: the native name is Bosaso), which was built about sixty years ago. The Kaptallah was considered as first settlers. {{Cite web |title=Internet History Sourcebooks Project: Ancient History |url=https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/ancient/periplus.asp |access-date=2024-01-24 |website=sourcebooks.fordham.edu}}{{fv|date=January 2024|reason=quote not in source}}

File:BosasoCity.jpg

For centuries the city was among the areas ruled by Dishiishe clan. {{Cite book|title=La Migiurtinia Ed Il Territorio Del Nugál|pages=57}} later forming a part of Italian Somaliland.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fV5C-R1Jr_wC&q=The%2520Majeerteen%2520Sultanate%2520%28Migiurtinia%29%2520was%2520founded&pg=PT80|title=The World's Most Dangerous Place: Inside the Outlaw State of Somalia|last=Fergusson|first=James|date=2013-05-01|publisher=Da Capo Press|isbn=978-0306821585|language=en}} The town would eventually be administered through the official Bari region in the post-independence period.

Bosaso's population is estimated at 700,000 residents. It is the third largest city in Somalia after Mogadishu and Hargeisa.{{Cite web|title=Bosaso, Somalia|year=2014|url=https://www.minneapolis.org/about-us/sister-cities/bosaso-somalia/| language=en-US}} While Bosaso is a melting pot, with residents hailing from all the major clans of Somalia, most of its population is from the Harti confederation of Darod sub-clans.

Bosaso was previously known as Bandar Qasim, a name derived from a local trader of the same name who is said to have first settled in the area during the 14th century. It is believed that Qasim's favourite camel was called Boosaas, from which derived the current name of the town. The town was thus first called Bandar Qassim after its founder ("Qasim's town"), then later dubbed Bosaso after its founder's trusted camel. Historically, Bosaso has been a Harti stronghold, and evolved as a coastal town.{{cite web |title=Historical Background |url=http://biyokulule.com/Bosaso_history.htm |website=Biyokulule |access-date=Jan 19, 2024}}

Near Bosaso, at the end of the Baalade valley, lies a {{convert|2|to|3|km|mi|abbr=off|adj=mid|-long}} earthwork.{{cite book|last=Hodd|first=Michael|title=East African Handbook|year=1994|publisher=Trade & Travel Publications|isbn=0844289833|page=640|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bL8tAQAAIAAJ}}{{cite book|last=Ali|first=Ismail Mohamed|title=Somalia Today: General Information|year=1970|publisher=Ministry of Information and National Guidance, Somali Democratic Republic|page=295|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tMVAAAAAYAAJ}} Local tradition recounts that the massive embankment marks the grave of a community matriarch. It is the largest such structure in the wider Horn region.S. B. Miles, On the Neighbourhood of Bunder Marayah, Vol. 42, (Blackwell Publishing on behalf of The Royal Geographical Society (with the institute of British Geographers): 1872), p.61-63.{{cite web |last1=Bile Dubbe |first1=Maxamuud |title=Taariikh Nololeedkii Ugaas Yassin Ugaas Cabdiraxmaan |url=http://www.somalitalk.com/2000/dec/ugaas.html |website=Somalitalk |access-date=January 1, 2002|language=so}}{{cite book|author1=International Labour Office|author2=League of Nations|title=Record of proceedings|publisher=International Labour Office|year=1956|page=249}}[http://puntlandi.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/ismail.pdf H. E. Hagi Bashir Ismail Yousuf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130202161916/http://puntlandi.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/ismail.pdf |date=2013-02-02 }}

Bosaso is situated in northeastern Somalia, on the Gulf of Aden coast. Nearby settlements include to the east Rehiss ({{convert|2.0|nmi|km mi|round=0.5|abbr=in|order=out|disp=or}}), to the northeast Marero ({{convert|7.5|nmi|km mi|round=0.5|abbr=in|order=out|disp=or}}), to the west Baalade ({{convert|1.9|nmi|km mi|round=0.5|abbr=in|order=out|disp=or}}), to the southwest Laas Geel ({{convert|8.8|nmi|km mi|round=0.5|abbr=in|order=out|disp=or}}), to the south Lasgoriga ({{convert|11.2|nmi|km mi|round=0.5|abbr=in|order=out|disp=or}}), and to the southeast El Dhurre ({{convert|19.5|nmi|km mi|round=0.5|abbr=in|order=out|disp=or}}).{{cite web|title=Boosaaso, Somalia|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/SO/03/Boosaaso.html|publisher=Falling Rain|access-date=31 May 2013}} The largest cities in the country most proximate to Bosaso are Erigavo ({{convert|212|km|mi|abbr=in|disp=or}}), Burao ({{convert|442|km|mi|abbr=in|disp=or}}), and Berbera ({{convert|465|km|mi|abbr=in|disp=or}}). Shimbiris, the highest peak in Somalia, is located some {{convert|220|km|mi|abbr=in}} to the southwest in the Cal Madow mountain range.{{cite web|title=Bosaso (Bender Cassim)|url=http://www.weather-forecast.com/locations/Bosaso|publisher=Weather-Forecast|access-date=31 May 2013}}

In June 2014, the Puntland government launched a new tree-planting campaign in the state, with the regional Ministry of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism slated to plant 25,000 trees by the end of the year. Bosaso is among the seven cities and towns earmarked for the reforestation initiative, which also include Garowe, Qardho, Dhahar, Buuhoodle, Baran and Galkayo. The campaign is part of a broader partnership between the Puntland authorities and EU to set up various environmental protection measures in the region, with the aim of promoting reforestation and afforestation.{{cite news|title=Somalia: World Environment Day celebrated in Puntland, Govt calls for tree plantation|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia-World-Environment-Day-celebrated-in-Puntland-Govt-calls-for-tree-plantation_printer.shtml|access-date=6 June 2014|agency=Garowe Online|date=5 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606220447/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia-World-Environment-Day-celebrated-in-Puntland-Govt-calls-for-tree-plantation_printer.shtml|archive-date=6 June 2014}}

{{wide image|COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Bedding van de rivier Balada in de omgeving van Bender Gasem TMnr 60027146.jpg |300px|align-cap=center|COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Bedding van de rivier Balada in de omgeving van Bender Gasem TMnr 60027146 (Eng; Baalade Valley near Bendergazim) photographed by Georges Revoil c. 1881}}

Bosaso has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh). It has a mean annual relative humidity of around 60%. The average daily mean temperature year-round is {{convert|30|C|F}}, with an average annual high of {{convert|35|C|F}} and an average annual low of {{convert|25|C|F}}. Average low temperatures are coolest during the winter months of December to February, when thermometer readings typically level out at {{convert|20|C|F}}. The weather slowly heats up in the spring, as the April rainy season begins. Average high temperatures later peak during the summer months of June to August, when they consistently exceed {{convert|40|C|F}}. Come September, cooler weather starts to set in again. Rainfall reaches a high over this period, with an average precipitation of {{convert|7|mm|in|abbr=in}} in November. Total rainfall year-round is around {{convert|19|mm|in|abbr=in}}.

{{Weather box|location = Bosaso

|metric first = yes

|single line = yes

|Jan record high C = 38.5

|Feb record high C = 37.0

|Mar record high C = 38.5

|Apr record high C = 42.1

|May record high C = 45.0

|Jun record high C = 45.0

|Jul record high C = 45.2

|Aug record high C = 45.3

|Sep record high C = 44.7

|Oct record high C = 45.0

|Nov record high C = 36.0

|Dec record high C = 36.0

|year record high C = 45.3

|Jan high C = 29.0

|Feb high C = 30.0

|Mar high C = 31.0

|Apr high C = 34.0

|May high C = 37.0

|Jun high C = 41.0

|Jul high C = 41.0

|Aug high C = 40.0

|Sep high C = 39.0

|Oct high C = 33.0

|Nov high C = 30.0

|Dec high C = 29.0

|year high C = 35.0

|Jan mean C = 25.0

|Feb mean C = 25.0

|Mar mean C = 26.7

|Apr mean C = 28.8

|May mean C = 31.1

|Jun mean C = 35.6

|Jul mean C = 36.1

|Aug mean C = 35.6

|Sep mean C = 33.3

|Oct mean C = 27.8

|Nov mean C = 25.6

|Dec mean C = 25.6

|year mean C = 30.0

|Jan low C = 20.6

|Feb low C = 20.6

|Mar low C = 21.6

|Apr low C = 24.4

|May low C = 26.1

|Jun low C = 30.6

|Jul low C = 31.7

|Aug low C = 30.0

|Sep low C = 28.3

|Oct low C = 22.2

|Nov low C = 21.1

|Dec low C = 20.0

|year low C = 25.0

|Jan record low C = 12.5

|Feb record low C = 14.0

|Mar record low C = 15.0

|Apr record low C = 16.8

|May record low C = 19.0

|Jun record low C = 21.3

|Jul record low C = 23.0

|Aug record low C = 24.5

|Sep record low C = 21.3

|Oct record low C = 14.0

|Nov record low C = 11.5

|Dec record low C = 11.5

|year record low C = 11.5

|rain colour = green

|Jan rain mm = 0

|Feb rain mm = 0

|Mar rain mm = 1

|Apr rain mm = 3

|May rain mm = 3

|Jun rain mm = 0

|Jul rain mm = 0

|Aug rain mm = 0

|Sep rain mm = 0

|Oct rain mm = 2

|Nov rain mm = 7

|Dec rain mm = 3

|year rain mm = 19

|Jan humidity = 66

|Feb humidity = 68

|Mar humidity = 64

|Apr humidity = 64

|May humidity = 62

|Jun humidity = 48

|Jul humidity = 40

|Aug humidity = 48

|Sep humidity = 56

|Oct humidity = 70

|Nov humidity = 74

|Dec humidity = 71

|year humidity = 61

| Jan percentsun = 80

| Feb percentsun = 80

| Mar percentsun = 87

| Apr percentsun = 80

| May percentsun = 80

| Jun percentsun = 80

| Jul percentsun = 80

| Aug percentsun = 80

| Sep percentsun = 80

| Oct percentsun = 80

| Nov percentsun = 80

| Dec percentsun = 80

| year percentsun = 81

|source 1=Arab Meteorology Book{{cite web|url=http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf|title=Meteorological Data|date=May 2013|access-date=1 March 2015|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072830/http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf}}

|source 2 = Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes),

{{cite web

| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632100_kt.pdf

| title = Klimatafel von Bosaso (Bender Cassim) / Somalia

| work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world

| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst

| language = de

| access-date = 22 October 2016}} Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (percent sunshine)

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005063105/http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls

| archive-date = 5 October 2016

| url = http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls

| title = Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia

| publisher = Food and Agriculture Organization

| access-date = 4 November 2016}}

}}

File:Bosaso2009.JPG

Bosaso's total population is estimated at around 164,906 residents (2005 est.).[http://ochaonline.un.org/OchaLinkClick.aspx?link=ocha&docId=1178196 USAID Report Bosaso Urban Household Economy Study] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320092911/http://ochaonline.un.org/OchaLinkClick.aspx?link=ocha&docId=1178196 |date=2012-03-20 }}

Furthermore, Bosaso is a major port for boats carrying emigrants from within the country as well as adjacent territories across the Gulf of Aden to settle (sometimes illegally) in the Persian Gulf states.{{cite news | url= http://reliefweb.int/node/243196 | title= Somalia's port of Bosaso: bottleneck of East Africa's misery | publisher=Reliefweb | author= Lucie Peytermann | date= September 12, 2007 | access-date=February 22, 2012}}

While Bosaso today is a melting pot, with residents hailing from many different parts of Somalia, most of the city's population is from Dishiishe, Majeerteen, Warsangeli and other Harti groups of Darod. The city is also home to newly arrived IDPs.{{cite web |title=Bringing school closer to internally displaced children in Bosaaso |url=https://somalia.un.org/en/226965-bringing-school-closer-internally-displaced-children-bosaaso |publisher=Somalia.un.org |access-date=February 5, 2024}}The Weekly Review, p. 40.[http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Newsletters/peace.html Life & Peace Review, Vol. 8, No. 4, 04/94]

File:Bosasohorizon.jpg

Bosaso city affairs are managed by the Bosaso Municipality, its leadership is appointed by members of the area's 29 District Councilors. The municipal authority is currently led by Mayor Abdisalam Bashiir Abdisalam{{Cite web|url=https://en.halbeeg.com/2018/09/06/abdisalam-bashir-elected-as-bossaso-mayor/|title = Abdisalam Bashir elected as Bossaso mayor|date = 6 September 2018}} who succeeded Yasin Mire Mohamud[http://www.villapuntland.com/?p=15257 Somalia: Second session of Boosaaso local council officially opened today] who himself succeeded Hassan Abdallah Hassan in office.[http://www.raadreeb.com/2011/09/09/bosaso-district-council-elects-new-mayor/ Bosaso District Council Elects New Mayor] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527035939/http://raadreeb.com/2011/09/09/bosaso-district-council-elects-new-mayor/ |date=2012-05-27 }}

Each of the city's various districts also has its own municipal sub-authorities, complete with a mayor and civil servants.

Bosaso is a city that is experiencing rapid growth. Prior to the Somali civil war, it had a population of under 50,000 inhabitants. Since the conflict, Somalis belonging to the Harti Darod sub-clans began migrating back to their ancestral areas of Puntland.{{cite web |url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Editorial_29/Somalia_President_Farole_the_Pride_of_Puntland_Editorial.shtml |title=President Farole - the Pride of Puntland |publisher=Garoweonline.com |date=2010-05-12 |access-date=2010-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619122328/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Editorial_29/Somalia_President_Farole_the_Pride_of_Puntland_Editorial.shtml |archive-date=2010-06-19 }} As a consequence of these migrations, Bosaso's population and the local housing industry have grown tremendously.

File:Amalbanpun.jpg branch in Bosaso]]

In December 2011, a new commercial market opened in Bosaso's northern Dayaha ("Star") neighborhood, near the port. Approximately {{convert|1/2|km|yd|spell=in}} in size, it was designed to ensure easy vehicle access. The market is the result of careful planning between Puntland government officials and civil society representatives.{{cite news|title=Somalia: New market opens in Bossaso|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Wararka_19/Somalia_New_market_opens_in_Bossaso.shtml|access-date=13 November 2012|newspaper=Garowe Online|date=14 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005001933/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Wararka_19/Somalia_New_market_opens_in_Bossaso.shtml|archive-date=5 October 2013}} In September 2013, Puntland Minister of Fisheries Mohamed Farah Adan also announced that the Ministry in conjunction with the FAO would open a new fish market in the city, complete with modern refrigerators.{{cite news|title=Somalia: Puntland to open maritime training schools|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Puntland_to_open_maritime_training_schools_printer.shtml|access-date=4 October 2013|newspaper=Garowe Online|date=10 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004220417/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Puntland_to_open_maritime_training_schools_printer.shtml|archive-date=4 October 2013}}

Bosaso is home to Golis Telecom Somalia, the largest telecommunications operator in northeastern Somalia. Founded in 2002 with the objective of supplying the country with GSM mobile services, fixed line and internet services, it has an extensive network that covers all of the nation's major cities and more than 40 districts in both Puntland and Somaliland.{{cite web | title = Golis Telecom Somalia Profile | publisher = Golis Telecom website | url = http://www.golistelecom.com/about_g.htm | access-date = 2007-12-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071022212418/http://golistelecom.com/about_g.htm | archive-date = October 22, 2007 }} According to The Economist, Golis offers one of the cheapest international calling rates on the planet, at US$0.2 less than anywhere else in the world.{{cite news | title = Somalia calling; Mobile phones.(Golis Telecom Somalia) | newspaper = Economist | url = http://www.economist.com/business/displaystory.cfm?story_id=5328015 | access-date = 2005-12-20| date=2005-12-20}} In addition, Netco has its headquarters in the city. Other telecommunication firms serving the region include Telcom and NationLink.

In September 2013, Puntland Deputy Minister of Environment Burhan Elmi Hirsi also announced a plan by the Puntland government to establish a gas manufacturing plant in Bosaso. The new project is part of a broader campaign by the Puntland environmental authorities to avert deforestation and promote alternative sources of fuel.{{cite news|title=Somalia: Puntland rolls out new measures to avert deforestation|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Puntland_rolls_out_measures_to_avert_deforestation_printer.shtml|access-date=4 October 2013|newspaper=Garowe Online|date=6 September 2013}}

File:Bosascem2.jpg making machines on the outskirts of Bosaso]]

The Hafun Fishing Company was established in 1992 in Bosaso.{{cite web|title=Hafun Fishing Company|url=http://hafunfishing.com/about.htm|access-date=5 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714154013/http://hafunfishing.com/about.htm|archive-date=14 July 2014}}{{cite web|title=Hafun Fishing|url=http://www.hotfrog.co.uk/Companies/Hafun-Fishing|publisher=Hotfrog|access-date=6 July 2014}} It was named after the northeastern port town of Hafun, where HFC also has an office. The firm exports a wide range of fish products, which it mainly sends to partners in the Middle East. The company is exploring additional global markets for its fish goods. It also maintains commercial interests in Puntland's housing market, which are represented by the firm's growing local real estate sales and development division.

Additionally, the Bosaso Tannery is based in the city. A ten-year-old manufacturing, distributing, wholesale and import/export company, it processes wet salted, dry salted, wet blue, limed, pickled, and air/frame dried sheep and goat hides and skin.{{cite web|title=Bosaso Tannery|url=http://legacy.intracen.org/dbms/leather/Contact.Asp?DS=HS&CG=G10&CD=&PD=&ID=20253|publisher=International Trade Centre|access-date=21 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103065945/http://legacy.intracen.org/dbms/leather/Contact.Asp?DS=HS&CG=G10&CD=&PD=&ID=20253|archive-date=3 November 2013}} Principle wet blue exports are to Turkey, Pakistan, India and China. Raw camel hides and sheep and goat skin are also exported to the United Arab Emirates.{{cite web|title=Bosaso Tannery|url=http://gulfbusiness.tradeholding.com/default.cgi/action/viewcompanies/companyid/427154/|publisher=Gulf Business|access-date=22 August 2013}}

Commercial banks serving Bosaso include Amal Bank and Salaam Bank. Salaam Bank provides personal banking and corporate banking services. Its Islamic banking services and facilities include Mudarabah, Murabaha, Musharakah and Istisnaa. Additionally, the bank offers electronic banking, SMS banking, mobile banking and internet debit.{{cite web|title=Personal Banking|url=http://www.salaam-bank.com/personalbanking.html|publisher=Salaam Bank|access-date=10 October 2014|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806222058/http://www.salaam-bank.com/personalbanking.html|url-status=dead}} In August 2011, the bank also launched an independent (Kaaftoon) service partnering with Golis Telecom Somalia.{{cite news|title=Salaam Puntland Bank Boosaaso oo soo bandhigtay Adeeg loogu Magac Daray "Kaaftoon"|url=http://puntlandvoice.com/salaam-puntland-bank-boosaaso-oo-soo-bandhigtay-adeeg-loogu-magac-daray-%E2%80%9Ckaaftoon%E2%80%9D/|access-date=10 October 2014|agency=Puntland Voice|date=1 August 2011}}

File:Bosasairp.jpg in 2007, prior to renovations]]

Bosaso is traversed by a {{convert|750|km|mi|adj=on}} north–south highway. It connects major cities in the northern part of the country, such as Galkayo and Garowe, with towns in the south.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20130223041615/http://www.waayaha.net/view.php?articleid=7880 The First 100 Days in Office]}} In June 2012, the Puntland Highway Authority (PHA) launched an upgrade and repair project on the large thoroughfare between Bosaso and Garowe.{{cite news|title=Puntland to upgrade Bosaso-Garowe highway|url=http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/newsbriefs/2012/06/28/newsbrief-07|access-date=6 November 2012|newspaper=Sabahi|date=28 June 2012}} The transportation body also began rehabilitation work in October 2012 on the central artery linking the city with Qardho.{{cite news|title=Puntland to rehabilitate Bosaso-Qardo road|url=http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/newsbriefs/2012/10/22/newsbrief-07|access-date=6 November 2012|newspaper=Sabahi|date=22 October 2012}} Additionally, plans are in the works to construct new roads connecting littoral towns in the region to the main highway. In June 2014, Puntland President Abdiweli Mohamed Ali along with Bosaso Mayor Hassan Abdallah Hassan and other state officials also inaugurated a new {{convert|5.9|km|mi|adj=on}} paved road in the city. The construction project leads to the Bosaso seaport, and was completed in conjunction with UNHABITAT. According to Ali, his administration plans to invest at least 23 million Euros in contributions from international partners in similar road infrastructure development initiatives.{{cite news|title=Somalia: Puntland President inaugurates new paved road in Bossaso Port City|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia-Puntland-President-inaugurates-new-paved-road-in-Bossaso-Port-City_printer.shtml|access-date=2 June 2014|agency=Garowe Online|date=2 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605061237/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia-Puntland-President-inaugurates-new-paved-road-in-Bossaso-Port-City_printer.shtml|archive-date=5 June 2014}}

The city has a major seaport, the Port of Bosaso. It was constructed during the mid-1980s by the Siad Barre administration for annual livestock shipments to the Middle East. In January 2012, a renovation project was launched, with KMC contracted to upgrade the Bosaso Port's harbor. The initiative's first phase saw the clean-up of unwanted materials from the dockyard and was completed within the month. The second phase involves the reconstruction of the port's adjoining seabed, with the objective of accommodating larger ships.{{cite news|title=Somalia: Bossaso port renovation project completes first phase|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Bossaso_port_renovation_project_completes_first_phase.shtml|access-date=13 November 2012|newspaper=Garowe Online|date=29 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130223051400/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Bossaso_port_renovation_project_completes_first_phase.shtml|archive-date=23 February 2013}}

Besides its busy seaport, Bosaso has a major airport, the Bender Qassim International Airport. In 2008, the Puntland government signed a multimillion-dollar deal with Dubai's Lootah Group, a regional industrial group operating in the Middle East and Africa. According to the agreement, the first phase of the investment is worth Dhs170m ($46.28m) and will see a set of new companies established to operate, manage and build Bosaso's free trade zone and sea and airport facilities. The Bosaso Airport Company is slated to develop the airport complex to meet international standards, including a new {{convert|3.4|km|mi|adj=on}} runway, main and auxiliary buildings, taxi and apron areas, and security perimeters.{{cite web|url=http://www.ameinfo.com/176786.html |title=Government of Punt Land State of Somalia, Lootah Investment sign strategic agreements worth Dhs170m |publisher=Ameinfo.com |access-date=2010-12-30}} In December 2014, the foundation stone for a new runway was also laid at the airport. The China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation is now slated to upgrade the airport's existing gravel runway, pave it with asphalt, and convert it from {{convert|1.8|to|2.65|km|mi|abbr=in}} in accordance with the code 4C operations clause.{{cite news|title=Somalia: Puntland President lays foundation stone for Bossaso airport runway|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/page/show/post/1112/somalia-puntland-president-lays-foundation-stone-for-bossaso-airport-runway|access-date=4 December 2014|agency=Garowe Online|date=4 December 2014|archive-date=9 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709015707/https://www.garoweonline.com/page/show/post/1112/somalia-puntland-president-lays-foundation-stone-for-bossaso-airport-runway|url-status=dead}}

File:Eaubosaso2.jpg's Bosaso campus]]

Bosaso has a number of academic institutions. According to the Puntland Ministry of Education, there are 74 primary schools in the Bosaso District. Among these are the Iftin School, Alfurqan, Umul-Qura and Garisa.{{cite web|title=Puntland - Primary schools|url=http://www.moepuntland.com/primary/|publisher=Ministry of Education of Puntland|access-date=26 May 2013}} Secondary schools in the area include Hamdan, Shafi'i, Ughaz Yasin, Najah, Bosaso and Haji Yasin.{{cite web|title=Puntland - Secondary schools|url=http://www.moepuntland.com/secondary/|publisher=Ministry of Education of Puntland|access-date=26 May 2013}}

Tertiary education is provided by Bosaso College (BC),{{cite web |url=http://www.bosasocollege.com |title=Bosaso College |publisher=Bosasocollege.com |access-date=2008-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014060954/http://bosasocollege.com/ |archive-date=2008-10-14 }} as well as the Puntland Nursing Institute (PNI). East Africa University (EAU) also has a Bosaso branch, one of its seven campuses in Puntland.{{cite web|title=A programme for improving governance, leadership and management capacity of the three health authorities in Somalia|url=http://gallery.mailchimp.com/8f102acd5706302123896fceb/files/Governance_Leadership_and_Management_Programme_for_Somalia.doc|publisher=Mannion Daniels Limited|access-date=20 June 2013}} Additionally, the Sam Greathouse School of Modern Technology (SG-SMT) has been working with the local government to construct a large scale dial-up network linking Bosaso to other northern Somali cities, including Berbera and Las Anod.

{{wide image|Bosaatnight.jpg|800px|align-cap=center|Bosaso panorama at dusk}}

{{wide image|Bosasocityview.jpg|800px|align-cap=center|Bosaso cityscape}}

Biyo Kulule is a hot spring located southeast of the city, {{convert|7|km|mi}} outside the city.

Mareero located ({{convert|25|km|mi}} eastern direction of Bosaso, it is known for its white sand beach.

Ga'a, Laag, Karin, Yalho are considered as places to visit.

Angle_view_of_Biyo_Kulule.jpg|Biyo Kulule

Mareero Beach.jpg|Mareero Beach

Bosaso is home to a number of private media outlets. Radio Daljir, Puntland's largest radio station, has its main headquarters in the city. The broadcaster's network of 7 FM transmitters reaches most of Puntland as well as part of the neighboring Galmudug region to the south. Also centered in Bosaso with its studios in Garowe is the Somali Broadcasting Corporation (SBC), Puntland's oldest and second largest private radio station. Additionally, Horseed Radio, Al Xigma, and One Nation Radio have headquarters in the city.{{cite book|last=Planning and Statistics Department, Puntland Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation|title=The Statistical Abstract of Bosaso Municipality|year=2006|publisher=Bosaso Municipal Council|page=58}} In May 2013, Radio Garowe likewise launched a new FM station in Bosaso.{{cite news|title=Somalia: Radio Garowe launches new FM station in Bossaso|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Radio_Garowe_launches_new_FM_station_in_Bossaso_printer.shtml|access-date=25 May 2013|newspaper=Garowe Online|date=24 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105070102/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Radio_Garowe_launches_new_FM_station_in_Bossaso_printer.shtml|archive-date=5 November 2013}}

The city also has its own private television channels and studios, the Eastern Television Network (ETN TV) and SBC TV.

Bosaso is subdivided into sixteen administrative villages{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}.

On 12 August 2016 Mayor Yasin Mire Mohamud of Bosaso and Mayor Betsy Hodges of Minneapolis jointly signed the memorandum of understanding that formalizes the Sister City relationship, the agreement was previously approved by Minneapolis council later embraced by Bosaso local council.

• Garowe-Bosaso Highway
• Somali Architecture

{{Clear}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{Cite periodical

|periodical= The Weekly Review

| publisher = Stellascope Ltd.

| year = 1993

| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=GbJIAAAAYAAJ

| access-date = 2010-03-24| title = The Weekly Review

}}

• [http://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4556869&fid=5776&c=somalia Bosaso - Coordinates]

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20150202193210/http://bosasomunicipality.com/districts Bosaso Municipality]
• [https://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4556933&fid=5779&c=somalia, Bosaso, Somalia]

{{Geographic location

| Centre = Bosaso

| North = Gulf of Aden

| Northeast = Rehiss

| East = Marero

| Southeast = Gaaca

| South = Baalade

| Southwest = Qaw

| West = Baalade

| Northwest = Baalade

}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Populated places in Bari, Somalia

Category:Populated coastal places in Somalia

Category:Gulf of Aden

Category:Port cities in Africa

Category:Port cities in the Arabian Peninsula

Category:Populated places established in the 1400s