:Daphne Caruana Galizia

{{short description|Maltese journalist and blogger (1964–2017)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}

{{Infobox person

| name = Daphne Caruana Galizia

| image = Daphne caruana galizia.jpg

| caption =

| birth_name = Daphne Anne Vella

| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1964|8|26}}

| birth_place = Sliema, Crown Colony of Malta

| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|2017|10|16|1964|8|26}}

| death_place = Bidnija, Malta

| death_cause = Assassination (car bomb attack)

| alma_mater = University of Malta

| years_active = 1987–2017

| spouse = {{marriage|Peter Caruana Galizia|1985}}

| children = 3

| website = {{URL|daphnecaruanagalizia.com}}

}}

Daphne Anne Caruana Galizia ({{née|Vella}}; 26 August 1964 – 16 October 2017) was a Maltese writer, journalist, blogger and anti-corruption activist, who reported on political events in Malta. She was known internationally for her investigation of the Panama Papers and subsequent assassination by a car bomb. Caruana Galizia focused on investigative journalism, reporting on government corruption, nepotism, patronage, and allegations of money laundering,{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/article/daphne-caruana-galizia-obituary-jktvv3sfl|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia|date=21 October 2017|work=The Times|access-date=3 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107012516/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/daphne-caruana-galizia-obituary-jktvv3sfl|archive-date=7 January 2018|url-status=live}} links between Malta's online gambling industry and organized crime,{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/19/daphne-caruana-galizia-establishment-was-out-to-get-her-says-family|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia: Establishment was out to get her, says family|last=Henley|first=John|date=19 October 2017|work=The Guardian|access-date=21 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020101109/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/19/daphne-caruana-galizia-establishment-was-out-to-get-her-says-family|archive-date=20 October 2017|url-status=live}} Malta's citizenship-by-investment scheme, and payments from the government of Azerbaijan.{{Cite web |title=Company in 17 Black cash trail received 'suspicious' Pilatus funds |url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/company-in-17-black-cash-trail-received-suspicious-pilatus-funds.931174 |access-date=20 July 2022 |website=Times of Malta |date=30 January 2022 |language=en-gb}} Caruana Galizia's national and international reputation was built on her regular reporting of misconduct by Maltese politicians and politically exposed persons.{{Cite news|url=http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/comment/blogs/81430/execution_of_a_controversial_bold_and_irreverent_maltese_journalist|title=Execution of a controversial, bold and irreverent Maltese journalist|last=Vella|first=Matthew|date=19 October 2017|work=MaltaToday|access-date=21 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019091458/http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/comment/blogs/81430/execution_of_a_controversial_bold_and_irreverent_maltese_journalist#.WeuDnluCwkI|archive-date=19 October 2017|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171017/local/caruana-galizia-her-biggest-stories-and-the-controversies.660595|title=Caruana Galizia: her biggest stories and the controversies|last=Leone Ganado|first=Phillip|date=17 October 2017|work=The Times of Malta|access-date=21 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017233057/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171017/local/caruana-galizia-her-biggest-stories-and-the-controversies.660595|archive-date=17 October 2017|url-status=live}}

Despite intimidation and threats, libel suits and other lawsuits, Caruana Galizia continued to publish articles for decades. She was arrested by the Malta Police Force on two occasions.{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20101007/local/caruana-galizia-fined-in-criminal-libel-case.330312|title=Caruana Galizia fined in criminal libel case|date=7 October 2010|work=The Times of Malta|access-date=21 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080120/http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20101007/local/caruana-galizia-fined-in-criminal-libel-case.330312|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}} Caruana Galizia's investigations were published via her personal blog Running Commentary, which she set up in 2008.{{Cite news|url=http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/comment/blogs/81408/when_hell_broke_loose|title=When hell broke loose|last=Balzan|first=Saviour|date=18 October 2017|work=MaltaToday|access-date=21 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022122116/http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/comment/blogs/81408/when_hell_broke_loose#.WeuEaFuCwkI|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=live}} She was a regular columnist with The Sunday Times of Malta and later The Malta Independent. Her blog consisted of investigative reporting and commentary, some of which was regarded as personal attacks on individuals, leading to a series of legal battles. In 2016 and 2017, she revealed controversially sensitive information and allegations relating to a number of Maltese politicians and the Panama Papers scandal.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/16/malta-car-bomb-kills-panama-papers-journalist|title=Malta car bomb kills Panama Papers journalist|last=Garside|first=Juliette|date=17 October 2017|work=The Guardian|access-date=21 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020084548/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/16/malta-car-bomb-kills-panama-papers-journalist|archive-date=20 October 2017|url-status=live}}

On 16 October 2017, Caruana Galizia died close to her home when a car bomb was detonated inside her vehicle,{{cite news|title=Murder in Paradise: A Car Bomb Kills A Crusading Journalist|newspaper=The Economist|page=52|date=21 October 2017}} attracting widespread local and international condemnation of the attack.{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171018/local/top-uk-newspapers-slam-mafia-state-malta-over-caruana-galizia-murders.660708|title=Top UK newspapers slam 'mafia state' Malta over Caruana Galizia murder|date=18 October 2017|work=The Times of Malta|access-date=21 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018114333/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171018/local/top-uk-newspapers-slam-mafia-state-malta-over-caruana-galizia-murders.660708|archive-date=18 October 2017|url-status=live}} In December 2017, three men were arrested in connection with the car bomb attack.{{cite web|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia murder: Three charged over killing of Maltese journalist who exposed Panama Papers corruption|work=The Independent|date=6 December 2017|author=Jon Stone|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/daphne-caruana-galizia-murder-three-charged-ten-arrested-video-footage-a8095166.html|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206192856/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/daphne-caruana-galizia-murder-three-charged-ten-arrested-video-footage-a8095166.html|archive-date=6 December 2017|url-status=live}} Police arrested Yorgen Fenech, the owner of the Dubai-based company 17 Black, on his yacht on 20 November 2019 in connection with her murder. Fenech is set to face criminal charges in connection with 17 Black,{{Cite web |date=2025-01-03 |title=Keith Schembri, Konrad Mizzi among five to be charged over 17 Black scandal |url=https://timesofmalta.com/article/keith-schembri-konrad-mizzi-among-five-charged-17-black-scandal.1103264 |access-date=2025-01-21 |website=Times of Malta |language=en-gb}} following the closure of a magisterial inquiry into plans for 17 Black to pay millions to government figures identified in the Panama Papers via secret offshore structures.

In April 2018, an international consortium of 45 journalists published The Daphne Project, a collaboration to complete Caruana Galizia's investigative work. The GUE/NGL Award for Journalists, Whistleblowers & Defenders of the Right to Information was established in 2018 in honour of Galizia.{{cite news |last1=Jones |first1=Alan |title=Julian Assange wins EU journalism award |url=https://www.news.com.au/world/breaking-news/julian-assange-wins-eu-journalism-award/news-story/f1bea94a9b040db4f7caa08897f7f6c3 |access-date=17 April 2019 |agency=Press Association |date=17 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417051054/https://www.news.com.au/world/breaking-news/julian-assange-wins-eu-journalism-award/news-story/f1bea94a9b040db4f7caa08897f7f6c3 |archive-date=17 April 2019 |url-status=live }}

Early life and education

Daphne Anne Vella was born on 26 August 1964 in Tower Road, Sliema. She was the eldest of four daughters born to the businessman Michael Alfred Vella and his wife Rose Marie Vella (née Mamo). She was educated at St Dorothy's Convent (Mdina) and St Aloysius' College, Birkirkara. She attended the University of Malta as a mature student and took a BA (Hons) in Archaeology with a minor in Anthropology in 1997,{{cite book|last1=Schiavone|first1=Michael J.|title=Dictionary of Maltese Biographies Vol. 1 A-F|date=2009|publisher=Pubblikazzjonijiet Indipendenza|location=Pietà|isbn=9789993291329|pages=503–04}} featuring on the Dean's List in 1996.{{Cite web|url=https://www.um.edu.mt/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/154304/DeansListFeatureofStudents.pdf|title=List of Names on the Dean's List to date|work=University of Malta Faculty of Arts|access-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210180104/https://www.um.edu.mt/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/154304/DeansListFeatureofStudents.pdf|archive-date=10 February 2018|url-status=live}}

Caruana Galizia was exposed to politics in her late teens, having been arrested when she was 18 years old following participation in anti-government protests.{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/nov/21/daphne-caruana-galizia-obituary |title=Daphne Caruana Galizia obituary |website=TheGuardian.com |date=21 November 2017 |access-date=5 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202105501/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/nov/21/daphne-caruana-galizia-obituary |archive-date=2 December 2017 |url-status=live }} The policeman who arrested her, Angelo Farrugia, went on to become the Speaker of the Parliament of Malta.

In 1985, she married the lawyer Peter Caruana Galizia, a grandson of John Caruana and a great-grandson of E. L. Galizia and A.A. Caruana. The couple had three sons, Matthew, Andrew and Paul. Matthew was a member of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/europe/21730390-daphne-caruana-galizia-wrote-fearlessly-about-corruption-death-crusading-journalist-rocks|title=The death of a crusading journalist rocks Malta|date=18 October 2017|newspaper=The Economist|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019053025/https://www.economist.com/news/europe/21730390-daphne-caruana-galizia-wrote-fearlessly-about-corruption-death-crusading-journalist-rocks|archive-date=19 October 2017}} The family left Sliema in 1990, moving to Bidnija, a hamlet in the limits of Mosta.{{cite news|url=https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2013/03/arrested-at-9-30pm-for-posting-three-videos-mocking-joseph-muscat-at-7-30pm-the-golden-years-of-labourpolice-hell/|title=Arrested at 9.30 pm for posting three videos mocking Joseph Muscat at 7.30 pm: THE GOLDEN YEARS OF LABOUR+POLICE HELL|last1=Caruana Galizia|first1=Daphne|date=9 March 2013|work=Running Commentary|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203021619/https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2013/03/arrested-at-9-30pm-for-posting-three-videos-mocking-joseph-muscat-at-7-30pm-the-golden-years-of-labourpolice-hell|archive-date=3 February 2017}}

Career

Caruana Galizia was employed by The Sunday Times of Malta as a news reporter in 1987, becoming a regular columnist from 1990 to 1992 and again from 1993 to 1996. She was an associate editor of The Malta Independent in 1992, and remained a columnist with that newspaper and The Malta Independent on Sunday for the rest of her career. Additionally, she worked in media and public relations consultancies. Caruana Galizia was also the founding editor of Taste and Flair, monthly lifestyle magazines which were distributed along with The Malta Independent on Sunday. The publications were merged into a single magazine called Taste&Flair in July 2014,{{cite magazine|date=July 2014|editor1-last=Caruana Galizia|editor1-first=Daphne|title=Editorial|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2014-06-22/magazine-tasteflair/Taste-Flair-June-2014-6736125956|magazine=Taste&Flair|location=Bidnija|publisher=Proximus Publishing|issue=70|page=6|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611164337/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2014-06-22/magazine-tasteflair/Taste-Flair-June-2014-6736125956|archive-date=11 June 2016}} and Caruana Galizia remained the editor until her death.{{cite news|last1=Caruana|first1=Claire|title=Daphne's last magazine to go ahead|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171022/life-features/daphnes-last-magazine-to-go-ahead.661004|work=The Times|date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022104856/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171022/life-features/daphnes-last-magazine-to-go-ahead.661004|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=dead}} Taste&Flair is now published by The Daphne Caruana Galizia Foundation.

In March 2008, she began a blog entitled Running Commentary, which included investigative reporting and commentary on current affairs and public figures. The blog was one of the most popular websites in Malta,{{cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/who-was-daphne-caruana-galizia.660577|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia... Malta's most controversial journalist|last1=Leone Ganado|first1=Philip|date=16 October 2017|work=The Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017042152/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/who-was-daphne-caruana-galizia.660577|archive-date=17 October 2017|url-status=live}} regularly attracting over 400,000 views – more than the combined circulation of the country's newspapers.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-41650312|title=Malta journalist Caruana Galizia: Anti-corruption warrior|date=17 October 2017|work=BBC News|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017232839/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-41650312|archive-date=17 October 2017|url-status=live}}

Caruana Galizia was intimidated for her work and opinions. The front door of her house was set on fire in 1996. The family dog had its throat slit and was laid across her doorstep. Years later, the neighbour's car was burned, possibly in a misdirected attack. There was a further incident in 2006, when the house was set on fire while the family was asleep inside. After Caruana Galizia started blogging, her terrier Zulu was poisoned and her collie Rufus was put down after being found shot.{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/malta-daphne/|title=The Silencing of Daphne|last=Grey|first=Stephen|date=17 April 2018|work=Reuters|access-date=17 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417175125/https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/malta-daphne/|archive-date=17 April 2018|url-status=live}} According to Matthew Caruana Galizia, threats were almost a daily occurrence. These took the form of phone calls, letters, notes pinned to the front door, text messages, emails, and comments on her blog.

Caruana Galizia was arrested on 8 March 2013 for breaking the political silence on the day before the 2013 general election, after posting videos mocking Joseph Muscat. She was questioned by the police before being released after a few hours.{{cite news|title=Caruana Galizia questioned by police for breaching 'political silence'|url=http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20130308/local/caruana-galizia-questioned-by-police-for-breaching-political-silence.460735|work=The Times|date=8 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422134537/http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20130308/local/caruana-galizia-questioned-by-police-for-breaching-political-silence.460735|archive-date=22 April 2017}} In November 2010, after commenting about the conservation of the Villa Guardamangia (the early-marriage home of Princess Elizabeth and Prince Philip of Great Britain), Caruana Galizia was described by The Daily Telegraph as the leading commentator in Malta.{{cite news|title=Row in Malta over Queen's crumbling former home|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/malta/11572954/Row-in-Malta-over-Queens-crumbling-former-home.html|access-date=29 November 2015|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=30 April 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115123341/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/malta/11572954/Row-in-Malta-over-Queens-crumbling-former-home.html|archive-date=15 November 2015}} Other major stories and controversies centered around Panama Papers revelations, and allegations that Chris Cardona had visited a brothel during an official government visit to Germany in January 2017.

In 2016, Caruana Galizia questioned how British millionaire Paul Golding acquired Palazzo Nasciaro in Naxxar,{{cite web|last=Caruana Galizia|first=Daphne|title=British millionaire author puts Naxxar house on the international market for €10 million|url=https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2016/09/british-millionaire-author-puts-naxxar-house-international-market-e10-million/|date=4 September 2016|work=Running Commentary: Daphne Caruana Galizia's notebook|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905131147/http://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2016/09/british-millionaire-author-puts-naxxar-house-international-market-e10-million|archive-date=5 September 2016}} and from mid-2017 Caruana Galizia became a harsh critic of the new Nationalist opposition leader Adrian Delia, over claims that he had laundered money for a company involved in a prostitution ring in Soho.

= Panama Papers =

On 22 February 2016, Caruana Galizia's Running Commentary blog reported that Maltese government minister Konrad Mizzi had connections with Panama and New Zealand.{{Cite news|url=https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2016/02/konrad-mizzis-and-sai-mizzi-liangs-easter-lunch/|title=Konrad Mizzi's and Sai Mizzi Liang's Easter lunch – Daphne Caruana Galizia's Notebook {{!}} Running Commentary|date=22 February 2016|work=Daphne Caruana Galizia's Notebook {{!}} Running Commentary|access-date=4 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804201653/https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2016/02/konrad-mizzis-and-sai-mizzi-liangs-easter-lunch/|archive-date=4 August 2018|url-status=live}} This compelled the minister to reveal the existence of a New Zealand-registered trust two days later, which he claimed was set up to manage his family's assets.{{Cite news|url=https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2016/02/this-is-what-konrad-mizzi-failed-to-say-that-the-new-zealand-trust-was-set-up-to-hold-a-company-incorporated-in-panama-in-july-2013/|title=New Zealand: Konrad Mizzi has lied to parliament, to the press and to his party – Daphne Caruana Galizia's Notebook {{!}} Running Commentary|date=24 February 2016|work=Daphne Caruana Galizia's Notebook {{!}} Running Commentary|access-date=4 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804201627/https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2016/02/this-is-what-konrad-mizzi-failed-to-say-that-the-new-zealand-trust-was-set-up-to-hold-a-company-incorporated-in-panama-in-july-2013/|archive-date=4 August 2018|url-status=live}} On 25 February, Caruana Galizia revealed that Prime Minister Joseph Muscat's chief of staff Keith Schembri owned a similar trust in New Zealand, which in turn held a Panama company.{{cite news|last1=Xuereb|first1=Matthew|title=Konrad Mizzi has no regrets over acquisition of company in Panama; PM's chief also has Panama company, say reports|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20160228/local/konrad-mizzi-has-no-regrets-over-acquisition-of-company-in-panama.603936|work=The Times|date=28 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016222644/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20160228/local/konrad-mizzi-has-no-regrets-over-acquisition-of-company-in-panama.603936|archive-date=16 October 2017|url-status=dead}}

The April 2016 Panama Papers leak confirmed that Mizzi owned the Panama company Hearnville Inc., and that Mizzi and Schembri had also started another company, Tillgate Inc. The companies were co-owned by the Orion Trust New Zealand Limited, the same trustees of Mizzi and Schembri's New Zealand trusts, Rotorua and Haast respectively.{{cite news|last1=Vella|first1=Matthew|title=EXPLAINER – From Panamagate to Panama Papers|url=http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/63723/explainer__from_panamagate_to_panama_papers|work=Malta Today|date=4 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016221717/http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/63723/explainer__from_panamagate_to_panama_papers|archive-date=16 October 2017|url-status=dead}} As the first person to break news of Mizzi's and Schembri's involvement in Panama, she was subsequently named by Politico as one of "28 people who are shaping, shaking and stirring Europe".{{cite news|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia named by 'Politico' as among 28 people 'shaping Europe'|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2016-12-07/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-named-by-Politico-as-among-28-people-shaping-Europe-6736167621|work=The Malta Independent|date=7 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422141249/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2016-12-07/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-named-by-Politico-as-among-28-people-shaping-Europe-6736167621|archive-date=22 April 2017|url-status=dead}} The publication described her as a "one-woman WikiLeaks, crusading against untransparency and corruption in Malta".{{cite news|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia|url=http://www.politico.eu/list/politico-28-class-of-2017-ranking/daphne-caruana-galizia/|work=Politico|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422141315/http://www.politico.eu/list/politico-28-class-of-2017-ranking/daphne-caruana-galizia/|archive-date=22 April 2017|url-status=dead}}

In 2017, she alleged that Egrant, another Panama company, was owned by Michelle Muscat, wife of Prime Minister Joseph Muscat. Muscat claimed that the allegations were the reason he called the June 2017 general elections almost a year early, a vote which saw his Labour Party return to power. Caruana Galizia pointed out that an early election had already been planned.{{Cite news|url=https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2017/05/lecture-good-journalism-somebody-made-millions-selling-passports-shady-people-worst-parts-globe/|title=Christian Kalin of Henley & Partners knew back in March that the general election was imminent|date=12 May 2017|work=Daphne Caruana Galizia's Notebook {{!}} Running Commentary|access-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210002845/https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2017/05/lecture-good-journalism-somebody-made-millions-selling-passports-shady-people-worst-parts-globe/|archive-date=10 February 2018|url-status=live}}

The title of her last blog post before she was killed read, "That crook Schembri was in court today, pleading that he is not a crook",{{Cite web|url=https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2017/10/crook-schembri-court-today-pleading-not-crook/|title=That crook Schembri was in court today, pleading that he is not a crook|date=16 October 2017|website=Daphne Caruana Galizia|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611184931/https://daphnecaruanagalizia.com/2017/10/crook-schembri-court-today-pleading-not-crook/|archive-date=11 June 2019|url-status=live}} ending with the line "there are crooks everywhere you look now. The situation is desperate."

On 20 November 2019, police arrested Yorgen Fenech, owner of the Dubai-based company 17 Black, on his yacht.{{cite news|newspaper=BBC|title=Malta businessman held on yacht in journalist murder probe|date=20 November 2019|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50485721|quote=He was also identified by Malta's Financial Intelligence Analysis Unit (FIAU) as being the owner of a Dubai-registered company called 17 Black.|access-date=26 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123072427/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50485721|archive-date=23 November 2019|url-status=live}} This company had been featured in the journalist's investigative work on the Panama Papers in relation to Keith Schembri and Konrad Mizzi, who – along with cabinet member Chris Cardona – resigned their government posts on 26 November.{{cite news|newspaper=BBC|title=Malta Caruana murder: Resignations spark government crisis|date=26 November 2019|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50556578|access-date=26 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127171855/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50556578|archive-date=27 November 2019|url-status=live}}{{cite news|newspaper=Politico|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/malta-joseph-muscat-feels-heat-over-journalist-daphne-caruana-galizia-murder-case-keith-schembri-konrad-amizzi-chris-cardona-yorgen-fenech/|title=Malta's Muscat feels the heat over journalist's murder case|date=26 November 2019|author=Raphael Vassallo|quote=The power station deal has been mired in controversy since 2016, when the Panama Papers leak revealed that Schembri and Mizzi (who was energy minister and later tourism minister) had opened offshore companies that received cash from a mysterious company called 17 Black.}}{{Dead link|date=June 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Schembri was arrested,{{cite news|newspaper=The Times of Malta|date=27 November 2019|title=Keith Schembri under arrest, along with Yorgen Fenech's doctor|url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/keith-schembri-and-yorgen-fenechs-doctor-both-under-arrest.752986|quote='I don't think we know exactly whether he is being questioned or what he is being questioned about, so let's take it one step at a time', [the PM] said"|access-date=27 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127105433/https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/keith-schembri-and-yorgen-fenechs-doctor-both-under-arrest.752986|archive-date=27 November 2019|url-status=live}} then released two days later, which brought many people into the streets through the weekend in the capital Valletta.{{cite news|newspaper=Times of Malta|url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/thousands-march-in-valletta-as-protestors-keep-up-the-pressure.754096|date=2 December 2019|author=Sarah Carabott|title='Tell the world Muscat is not Malta': thousand march as protests continue|access-date=3 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203015124/https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/thousands-march-in-valletta-as-protestors-keep-up-the-pressure.754096|archive-date=3 December 2019|url-status=live}} From 20 November, crowds had begun calling on PM Joseph Muscat to resign (see 2019 Maltese protests) after he said he might pardon the "middleman" in the murder case.

Libel and criminal defamation cases

In 2010, Caruana Galizia used her blog to criticise Magistrate Consuelo Scerri Herrera, who, together with Herrera's live-in partner, Labour government consultant Robert Musumeci, went on to file a criminal complaint with the police, forcing them to prosecute Caruana Galizia in the criminal courts.{{cite news|url=http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20100212/local/daphne-caruana-galizia-expected-to-face-charges-of-defamation.293849|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia expected to face charges of defamation|last1=Johnston|first1=Waylon|date=12 February 2010|work=The Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422140107/http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20100212/local/daphne-caruana-galizia-expected-to-face-charges-of-defamation.293849|archive-date=22 April 2017|url-status=dead}} The case was withdrawn in November 2011.{{cite news|url=http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20111123/local/herrera-withdraws-case-against-caruana-galizia.395159|title=Magistrate Scerri Herrera withdraws court case against Caruana Galizia|date=23 November 2011|work=The Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422140840/http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20111123/local/herrera-withdraws-case-against-caruana-galizia.395159|archive-date=22 April 2017|url-status=dead}}

In May 2017, Pilatus Bank's owner and chairman, Ali Sadr Hasheminejad, sued Daphne Caruana Galizia in an Arizona court in his own name and in the name of Pilatus Bank.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/feb/02/daphne-caruana-galizia-was-being-sued-defamation-at-time-of-her-murder|title=Bank criticised by Daphne Caruana Galizia under scrutiny in Brussels|last=Kirchgaessner|first=Stephanie|date=2 February 2018|work=The Guardian|access-date=21 January 2019|issn=0261-3077|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121232618/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/feb/02/daphne-caruana-galizia-was-being-sued-defamation-at-time-of-her-murder|archive-date=21 January 2019|url-status=live}} The case was for US$40 million in damages. Caruana Galizia was never notified about it and it was withdrawn within hours of her death.{{Cite web|url=https://manueldelia.com/2018/01/pilatus-filed-lawsuit-usa-daphne-caruana-galizia-never-knew/|title=Pilatus filed lawsuit in the USA against Daphne Caruana Galizia. She never knew.|website=Truth Be Told|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619203605/https://manueldelia.com/2018/01/pilatus-filed-lawsuit-usa-daphne-caruana-galizia-never-knew/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}

Pilatus Bank had written to every single non-government aligned media outlet in Malta throughout the course of 2017 threatening to sue them, but had only gone through with the threat in Daphne Caruana Galizia's case as the other media outlets conceded to changes to their online content. One media outlet reported that threatening letters had been sent just 12 hours before Daphne Caruana Galizia was killed.{{Cite web|url=https://lovinmalta.com/news/news-breaking/police-name-only-one-person-questioned-over-daphne-caruana-galizias-murder|title=Pilatus Bank sent legal threats to newspapers 12 hours before Caruana Galizia's murder|website=lovinmalta.com|date=17 November 2017|access-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129141229/https://lovinmalta.com/news/news-breaking/police-name-only-one-person-questioned-over-daphne-caruana-galizias-murder|archive-date=29 January 2019|url-status=live}}

In February 2017, a legal fund was crowdfunded to cover four precautionary warrants – freezing Caruana Galizia's assets to the tune of €50,000 – for the maximum libel damages possible at law.{{Cite news|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-02-08/local-news/Caruana-Galizia-s-bank-accounts-frozen-as-court-upholds-Cardona-s-garnishee-request-6736170165|title=Caruana Galizia's accounts frozen as Cardona sues; 'terrible implications for press freedom'|date=8 February 2017|work=The Malta Independent|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022193824/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-02-08/local-news/Caruana-Galizia-s-bank-accounts-frozen-as-court-upholds-Cardona-s-garnishee-request-6736170165|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=live}} These warrants had been instituted by the Deputy Leader of the Labour Party and Minister for the Economy, Chris Cardona, and his EU presidency policy officer, Joseph Gerada.

At the time of her death, Daphne Caruana Galizia was facing 48 libel suits.{{Cite news|last=Bonnici|first=Julian|date=21 October 2017|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia's libel suits can still continue – lawyer Joseph Zammit Maempel|work=The Malta Independent|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-21/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-s-libel-suits-can-still-continue-lawyer-Joseph-Zammit-Maempel-6736180470|url-status=live|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021114530/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-21/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-s-libel-suits-can-still-continue-lawyer-Joseph-Zammit-Maempel-6736180470|archive-date=21 October 2017}}

Death

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On 16 October 2017, a few moments after Caruana Galizia left her home in Bidnija, a car bomb placed in her leased Peugeot 108 exploded, killing her instantly.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/16/malta-car-bomb-kills-panama-papers-journalist|date=16 October 2017|access-date=16 October 2017|first=Juliette|last=Garside|newspaper=The Guardian|location=London, UK|title=Malta car bomb kills Panama Papers journalist|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016173123/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/16/malta-car-bomb-kills-panama-papers-journalist|archive-date=16 October 2017}} The blast occurred on Triq il-Bidnija (Bidnija Road), and left the vehicle scattered in several pieces across nearby fields.

Caruana Galizia was in the driver's seat at the time, when the blast threw the car 80 metres into an adjacent field where her bodily remains were found by her son Matthew. He wrote on Facebook, "I looked down and there were my mother's body parts all around me". This marked the sixth car-bombing in Malta since the beginning of 2016, and the fourth fatality.{{Cite news|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-22/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-assassination-A-week-and-a-crime-like-no-other-6736180522|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia assassination: A week and a crime like no other|last=Bonnici|first=Julian|date=22 October 2017|work=The Malta Independent|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022122116/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-22/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-assassination-A-week-and-a-crime-like-no-other-6736180522|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=live}} Caruana Galizia's home had not been under police guard since 2010, except during elections. According to police sources, her protection was further weakened after Joseph Muscat, a subject of her investigations, was returned to power in 2013.{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171021/local/caruana-galizias-police-protection-relaxed-after-2013-election.660826|title=Caruana Galizia's police protection 'relaxed' after 2013 election|last=Camilleri|first=Ivan|date=21 October 2017|work=The Times|location=Malta|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021204204/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171021/local/caruana-galizias-police-protection-relaxed-after-2013-election.660826|archive-date=21 October 2017|url-status=live}}

The power to set up a public inquiry into whether the assassination of Daphne Caruana Galizia could have been prevented, rested with then Maltese Prime Minister, Joseph Muscat. Muscat, however, did not immediately set up a public inquiry, and a formal request by Caruana Galizia's heirs was presented by letter to Malta's prime minister Muscat on 9 August 2018, based on the legal opinion of Doughty Street Chambers and Bhatt Murphy Solicitors.{{Cite web|url=https://bhattmurphy.co.uk/files/documents/Opinion.pdf|title=Public inquiry into the assassination of Daphne Caruana Galizia|website=Bhatt Murphy Solicitors|access-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121232446/https://bhattmurphy.co.uk/files/documents/Opinion.pdf|archive-date=21 January 2019|url-status=live}}

= Reactions =

File:Great Siege Monument and temporal Daphne Caruana Galizia Monument 02.jpg, opposite the Law Courts in Valletta.]]

Her family criticized the Maltese authorities for doing nothing against a growing "culture of impunity" in Malta, saying that Joseph Muscat, Keith Schembri, Chris Cardona, Konrad Mizzi, Attorney General Peter Grech and a long list of police commissioners who took no action, were politically responsible for her death. Her family refused a request to publicly endorse a government reward of one million euros for information, despite pressure from the Prime Minister and President, and insisted that the Prime Minister ought to resign.{{Cite news|url=http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/81451/caruana_galizia_family_refuse_to_endorse_state_reward_for_daphnes_murder|title=Caruana Galizia family refuse to endorse state reward for Daphne's murder|last=Sansone|first=Kurt|date=19 October 2017|work=MaltaToday|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019091931/http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/81451/caruana_galizia_family_refuse_to_endorse_state_reward_for_daphnes_murder#.WeyF3luCwkI|archive-date=19 October 2017|url-status=live}}

One of Caruana Galizia's sisters stated that "the President and the Prime Minister are 'downplaying' the assassination and "working to transform her into a martyr for their cause", indicating that calls for national unity were a sham, and that to "call for unity is to abuse her legacy. There should never be unity with the criminal and the corrupt."{{Cite news|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-22/local-news/Daphne-s-sister-says-President-PM-downplaying-assassination-6736180541|title=Daphne's sister says President, PM 'downplaying assassination'|date=22 October 2017|work=The Malta Independent|access-date=23 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023230556/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-22/local-news/Daphne-s-sister-says-President-PM-downplaying-assassination-6736180541|archive-date=23 October 2017|url-status=live}}

The car bomb attack was condemned by Prime Minister Joseph Muscat, who stated that he "will not rest before justice is done" despite her criticism of him. President Marie Louise Coleiro Preca, Archbishop Charles Scicluna and a number of politicians also expressed their condolences or condemned the car bomb attack.{{cite news|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia killed in Bidnija car blast|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/car-goes-up-in-flames-in-bidnija.660575|work=The Times|date=16 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016160502/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/car-goes-up-in-flames-in-bidnija.660575|archive-date=16 October 2017|url-status=dead}} Opposition leader Adrian Delia called her death "the collapse of democracy and freedom of expression" and stated that "[the country's] institutions have let us down".

Fellow blogger Manuel Delia, a former Nationalist Party official, called her "the only ethical voice left. She was the only one talking about right and wrong."

The President of the European Commission, Jean-Claude Juncker, and the European Commission condemned the attack in the strongest terms possible.{{Cite news|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-17/local-news/European-Commission-condemns-horrific-murder-of-Caruana-Galizia-6736180351|title=EC condemns 'horrific' murder of Caruana Galizia; EPP calls for full inquiry|last=Bonnici|first=Julian|date=17 October 2017|work=The Malta Independent|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017181951/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-17/local-news/European-Commission-condemns-horrific-murder-of-Caruana-Galizia-6736180351|archive-date=17 October 2017|url-status=live}}

The President of the European Parliament, Antonio Tajani, called the incident a "tragic example of a journalist who sacrificed her life to seek out the truth". Gerard Ryle, director of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, stated that the organization is "shocked" by Caruana Galizia's assassination and "is deeply concerned about freedom of the press in Malta".{{cite web|title=ICIJ condemns car bomb death of Maltese investigative journalist|url=https://www.icij.org/blog/2017/10/icij-condemns-car-bomb-death-maltese-investigative-journalist/|website=International Consortium of Investigative Journalists|access-date=17 October 2017|date=16 October 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016225021/https://www.icij.org/blog/2017/10/icij-condemns-car-bomb-death-maltese-investigative-journalist/|archive-date=16 October 2017}}

A plenary session of the European Parliament was held on 24 October, with MEPs observing a minute's silence. Several members of Caruana Galizia's family attended the session at the hemicycle in Strasbourg. The press room at the European parliament building was renamed in her honour. A debate on freedom of the press and the protection of journalists in Malta also took place.{{Cite news|url=http://www.brusselstimes.com/eu-affairs/9436/european-parliament-press-room-named-after-daphne-caruana-galizia|title=European Parliament press room named after Daphne Caruana Galizia|date=25 October 2017|work=The Brussels Times|access-date=25 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171031084133/http://www.brusselstimes.com/eu-affairs/9436/european-parliament-press-room-named-after-daphne-caruana-galizia|archive-date=31 October 2017|url-status=live}} Following this visit and the following debate, a delegation is to be sent by the European Parliament to investigate the rule of law, high-level cases of money laundering, and corruption in Malta.{{Cite news|title=EU Parliament to debate Malta's rule of law: Delegation being sent to Malta|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171026/local/eu-parliament-to-debate-maltas-rule-of-law.661424|date=26 October 2017|work=The Times|location=Malta|access-date=26 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026114150/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171026/local/eu-parliament-to-debate-maltas-rule-of-law.661424|archive-date=26 October 2017|url-status=live}}

Pope Francis sent a letter of condolence, saying he was praying for the journalist's family and the Maltese people.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/20/pope-writes-rare-letter-of-condolence-after-of-daphne-caruana-galizia|title=Pope writes rare letter of condolence after murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia|last=Henley|first=Jon|date=20 October 2017|work=The Guardian|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022135314/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/20/pope-writes-rare-letter-of-condolence-after-of-daphne-caruana-galizia|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=live}}

The car bombing was reported in both local and international media. Caruana Galizia's name began trending worldwide on Twitter,{{cite news|title=Shock, outrage and concern: reactions to Caruana Galizia's murder pour in|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/shock-outrage-and-concern-reactions-to-caruana-galizias-murder-pour-in.660580|work=The Times|date=16 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016163634/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/shock-outrage-and-concern-reactions-to-caruana-galizias-murder-pour-in.660580|archive-date=16 October 2017|url-status=dead}} and a number of Maltese expressed their mourning by blacking out their Facebook profile pictures. The hashtag #JeSuisDaphne, echoing the term Je suis Charlie, trended locally.

The Malta Independent wrote that "for many people, looking up her blog was the first thing they did each day, and the last thing too. Now there is just emptiness. A silence that speaks volumes." Both the daily and the weekly version of her column were published as blank pages in the days following her death.{{Cite news|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-22/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-honoured-this-time-by-TMIS-with-empty-page-instead-of-her-article-6736180509|title=TMIS, like TMI on Thursday, honours Daphne with empty page instead of her article|date=22 October 2017|work=The Malta Independent|access-date=3 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022122116/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-22/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-honoured-this-time-by-TMIS-with-empty-page-instead-of-her-article-6736180509|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=live}}

Thousands of people attended a vigil in Caruana Galizia's hometown Sliema on the night of 16 October.{{cite news|title=Thousands mourn Caruana Galizia at Sliema vigil|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/thousands-mourn-caruana-galizia-at-sliema-vigil.660586|work=The Times|date=16 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016193525/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/thousands-mourn-caruana-galizia-at-sliema-vigil.660586|archive-date=16 October 2017|url-status=dead}} Another vigil was held at the Malta High Commission in London.{{cite news|title=Velja f'Londra wara l-qtil ta' Daphne Caruana Galizia|url=http://netnews.com.mt/2017/10/16/velja-flondra-wara-l-qtil-ta-daphne-caruana-galizia/|work=NET News|date=16 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016193727/http://netnews.com.mt/2017/10/16/velja-flondra-wara-l-qtil-ta-daphne-caruana-galizia/|archive-date=16 October 2017|language=mt|url-status=dead}}

WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange announced that he would pay a €20,000 reward "for information leading to the conviction of Caruana Galizia's killers".{{cite news|title=Julian Assange offers €20k reward for information on Caruana Galizia murder|url=http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/81361/julian_assange_offers_20k_reward_for_information_on_caruana_galizia_murder|access-date=18 October 2017|work=Malta Today|date=16 October 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017121313/http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/81361/julian_assange_offers_20k_reward_for_information_on_caruana_galizia_murder|archive-date=17 October 2017}} A crowdfunding campaign was initiated with the aim of raising €1 million to be given as a reward for information that leads "to the successful prosecution of the assassin and the person or persons who ordered the assassination".{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171018/local/crowd-funded-caruana-galizia-murder-information-fund-being-set-up.660720|title=Crowd-funded Caruana Galizia murder information fund being set up|date=18 October 2017|work=The Times|location=Malta|access-date=18 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018113810/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171018/local/crowd-funded-caruana-galizia-murder-information-fund-being-set-up.660720?utm_source=tom&utm_campaign=top5&utm_medium=widget|archive-date=18 October 2017|url-status=live}} This was followed by a further state-sanctioned reward of €1 million.{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-malta-carbomb-reward/malta-offers-1-million-euro-reward-to-find-journalists-killers-idUSKBN1CQ0RE?il=0|title=Malta offers 1 million-euro reward to find journalist's killers|date=21 October 2017|work=Reuters|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022193610/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-malta-carbomb-reward/malta-offers-1-million-euro-reward-to-find-journalists-killers-idUSKBN1CQ0RE?il=0|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=live}}

Students, alumni, teachers, parents and members of the San Anton community held a peaceful vigil from City Gate to the Great Siege Monument in Valletta, in support of the Caruana Galizia family. The three Caruana Galizia siblings were all students of San Anton School.{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171022/local/san-anton-students-remember-caruana-galizia-in-peaceful-vigil.661124|title=San Anton students remember Caruana Galizia in peaceful vigil|date=22 October 2017|work=The Times|location=Malta|access-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023010507/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171022/local/san-anton-students-remember-caruana-galizia-in-peaceful-vigil.661124|archive-date=23 October 2017|url-status=live}}

On 22 October 2017, the Civil Society Network organised a protest demanding justice in Valletta. Thousands of protesters demanded justice in the aftermath of the car bomb attack, and called for the immediate resignation of the Police Commissioner and the Attorney General.{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171022/local/police-remove-mafia-state-banners-from-city-gate.661123|title=Thousands demand resignation of Police Commissioner, Attorney General|date=22 October 2017|website=The Times|location=Malta|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023052743/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171022/local/police-remove-mafia-state-banners-from-city-gate.661123|archive-date=23 October 2017}}

A number of protesters who took part in the rally also went on to the police headquarters in Floriana to call for the police commissioner's resignation. After staging a sit-in protest in front of the main door, a banner with a photo of police chief Lawrence Cutajar accompanied with the words "No change, no justice – irrizenja (resign)" was placed on the headquarters' gate.{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-22/local-news/Protesters-sit-down-on-road-in-front-of-police-HQ-to-demand-commissioner-s-resignation-6736180540|title=Protesters sit down on road in front of police HQ to demand commissioner's resignation|date=22 October 2017|website=The Malta Independent|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023054134/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-10-22/local-news/Protesters-sit-down-on-road-in-front-of-police-HQ-to-demand-commissioner-s-resignation-6736180540|archive-date=23 October 2017}}

On 17 April 2018, a consortium of 45 journalists from 18 news organisations, including The Guardian, The New York Times, Le Monde and the Times of Malta, published The Daphne Project, a collaborative effort to complete Caruana Galizia's investigative work.{{Cite news|url=https://www.cjr.org/the_media_today/daphne_project_forbidden_stories.php|title=Breathing new life into a murdered journalist's work|work=Columbia Journalism Review|access-date=23 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180424071527/https://www.cjr.org/the_media_today/daphne_project_forbidden_stories.php|archive-date=24 April 2018|url-status=live}}

After her death, crowds gathered in front of the Law Courts, to mourn and express solidarity with the Caruana Galizia family and to demand justice. The Great Siege Monument became a focal point for protests and calls for justice, with tributes, memorials and vigils held there frequently.{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20181217/local/caruana-galizia-memorial-swept-away-hours-after-protest.697003|title=Caruana Galizia memorial swept away hours after protest|date=17 December 2018|work=The Times|location=Malta|access-date=17 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217154620/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20181217/local/caruana-galizia-memorial-swept-away-hours-after-protest.697003|archive-date=17 December 2018|url-status=live}} The choice of this monument as a protest site, though strategically located opposite the law courts, was spontaneous, a follow-up to the flowers which were first placed there by San Anton School pupils.{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20190114/local/activist-says-she-visits-daphne-memorial-twice-a-day.699251|title=Activist says she visits Daphne memorial twice a day|last=Brincat|first=Edwina|date=14 January 2019|work=The Times|location=Malta|access-date=14 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114193314/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20190114/local/activist-says-she-visits-daphne-memorial-twice-a-day.699251|archive-date=14 January 2019|url-status=live}}

The GUE/NGL Award for Journalists, Whistleblowers & Defenders of the Right to Information was named in honour of Caruana Galizia in 2018 and again in 2019.{{cite web |title=Shortlist unveiled for 'Journalists, Whistleblowers and Defenders of the Right to Information' award |url=https://www.guengl.eu/shortlist-unveiled-for-journalists-whistleblowers-and-defenders-of-the-right-to-information-award/ |website=GUENGL |date=21 March 2019 |access-date=17 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417053005/https://www.guengl.eu/shortlist-unveiled-for-journalists-whistleblowers-and-defenders-of-the-right-to-information-award/ |archive-date=17 April 2019 |url-status=live }} It is sponsored by the Confederal Group of the European United Left/Nordic Green Left members of which are left-wing members of the European Parliament.{{cite web |title=GUE/NGL The Group |url=https://www.guengl.eu/the-group/ |website=GUENGL |access-date=17 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406094751/https://www.guengl.eu/the-group/ |archive-date=6 April 2019 |url-status=live }} The award is "dedicated to individuals or groups who have been intimidated and/or persecuted for uncovering the truth and exposing it to the public".

= European Parliament =

The European Parliament held a minute's silence in honour of Caruana Galizia. The media room of the European Parliament in Strasbourg was named in her memory in November 2017.{{cite web |title=Inauguration of the Daphne Caruana Galizia Press room: extracts from the ceremony |url=https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/inauguration-caruana-galizia-press-room-ceremony_I146295-V_v |website=European Parliament |access-date=4 December 2019 |date=14 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624040326/https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/inauguration-caruana-galizia-press-room-ceremony_I146295-V_v |archive-date=24 June 2018 |url-status=live }}{{cite web |title=Media advisory official: naming of the Daphne Caruana Galizia press conference room in Strasbourg |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20171110IPR87803/naming-of-the-daphne-caruana-galizia-press-conference-room-in-strasbourg |website=European Parliament |access-date=4 December 2019 |date=10 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204072826/https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20171110IPR87803/naming-of-the-daphne-caruana-galizia-press-conference-room-in-strasbourg |archive-date=4 December 2019 |url-status=live }} A portrait of her by Marie Louise Kold now hangs outside the press room.{{Cite web|url=https://theshiftnews.com/2018/10/23/portrait-of-daphne-caruana-galizia-unveiled-in-european-parliament/|title=Portrait of Daphne Caruana Galizia unveiled in European Parliament|date=23 October 2018|website=The Shift News|access-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121232617/https://theshiftnews.com/2018/10/23/portrait-of-daphne-caruana-galizia-unveiled-in-european-parliament/|archive-date=21 January 2019|url-status=live}}

= Investigation into the circumstances of the car bomb attack =

File:Memorial to Daphne Caruana Galizia.jpg

Forensic teams and police investigators arrived at the crime scene soon after the explosion. The head of the magisterial inquiry was initially to be Magistrate Consuelo Scerri Herrera, who had previously had the police prosecute Caruana Galizia for criminal libel in 2010–11. Caruana Galizia's family successfully challenged Scerri Herrera's role in the investigation, citing a conflict of interest. Scerri Herrera recused herself from the investigation 17 hours later and was replaced by Magistrate Anthony Vella,{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171017/local/magistrate-scerri-herrera-abstains-from-caruana-galizia-inquiry.660624|title=Magistrate Scerri Herrera abstains from Caruana Galizia inquiry – Magistrate Anthony Vella to take over|date=17 October 2017|work=The Times|location=Malta|access-date=26 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027025044/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171017/local/magistrate-scerri-herrera-abstains-from-caruana-galizia-inquiry.660624|archive-date=27 October 2017|url-status=live}} who was removed from the inquiry when he was appointed judge.

Joseph Muscat stated that the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation was asked to help the police in investigating the car bomb attack.{{cite news|title=FBI asked to help investigate Caruana Galizia murder – Muscat|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/fbi-asked-to-help-investigate-caruana-galizia-murder-muscat.660582|work=The Times|date=16 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016193844/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171016/local/fbi-asked-to-help-investigate-caruana-galizia-murder-muscat.660582|archive-date=16 October 2017|url-status=dead}} A police forensic investigation team from the Netherlands also arrived to assist.{{cite news|last1=Cocks|first1=Paul|title=Dutch police assisting in Caruana Galizia murder investigation, FBI in Malta on Thursday|url=http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/81368/fbi_forensic_team_to_reach_malta_on_thursday|access-date=17 October 2017|work=MaltaToday|date=17 October 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017121303/http://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/81368/fbi_forensic_team_to_reach_malta_on_thursday|archive-date=17 October 2017}} The investigators were also joined by three Europol officials.{{Cite news|url=https://www.tvm.com.mt/en/news/updated-europol-help-maltese-police-investigations-daphne-caruana-galizia-murder|title=Europol to help Maltese Police in their investigations into Daphne Caruana Galizia murder|last=Amaira|first=Ruth|date=26 October 2017|work=TVM News|access-date=26 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026214820/https://www.tvm.com.mt/en/news/updated-europol-help-maltese-police-investigations-daphne-caruana-galizia-murder/|archive-date=26 October 2017|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-41637730|title=Malta blogger Daphne Caruana Galizia dies in car bomb attack|date=16 October 2017|work=BBC News}} The non-Maltese teams provided technical support. On 4 December 2017, Joseph Muscat announced that ten individuals had been arrested in connection to the investigation, three of whom were later charged with executing the car bomb attack.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-42221352|title=Malta arrests 10 over blogger murder|date=4 December 2017|work=BBC News|access-date=3 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212144537/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-42221352|archive-date=12 February 2018|url-status=live}} The suspects were identified as George Degiorgio, his brother Alfred Degiorgio, and their friend Vince Muscat (no relation to Joseph Muscat, the former Prime Minister).{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-48451085|title=Malta criticised over journalist murder probe|work=BBC News|date=29 May 2019|access-date=6 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606054214/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-48451085|archive-date=6 June 2019|url-status=live}}

Prominent Maltese businessman Yorgen Fenech was arrested on 20 November 2019 in connection with the Caruana Galizia bomb attack. Chief of Staff Keith Schembri resigned his government post on 26 November 2019, and was subsequently arrested by the police for questioning. It was later announced that Fenech would not be granted immunity to reveal what he knew about the case. Fenech, in his court statement, accused Schembri of being the mastermind behind the Caruana Galizia murder.{{cite news |title=Daphne Caruana Galizia: Malta suspect will not get immunity |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-50598255 |access-date=4 December 2019 |work=BBC News |date=30 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130191942/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-50598255 |archive-date=30 November 2019 |url-status=live }}{{cite news |last1=Garside |first1=Juliette |title=Maltese PM's aide accused of being mastermind of Caruana Galizia killing |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/nov/28/maltese-pms-aide-accused-of-being-mastermind-of-caruana-galizia-killing |access-date=4 December 2019 |work=The Guardian |date=28 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203150847/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/nov/28/maltese-pms-aide-accused-of-being-mastermind-of-caruana-galizia-killing |archive-date=3 December 2019 |url-status=live }} He was indicted in 2021, but was granted bail on 24 January 2025, as Maltese law requires for it to be granted to suspects detained for more than 30 months.{{cite news |title=Maltese businessman accused in journalist's murder granted bail |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20250124-maltese-businessman-accused-in-journalist-s-murder-granted-bail |access-date=24 January 2025 |work=France 24 |date=24 January 2025 }}

Numerous mass protests were held calling for Prime Minister Joseph Muscat's resignation, in part over his purported association with Caruana Galizia's murder.{{cite web |last1=Cvorak |first1=Monika |last2=Chulani |first2=Nikhita |title=Why Malta is in crisis over the murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia – video explainer |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2019/dec/06/why-malta-is-in-crisis-over-the-of-daphne-caruana-galizia-video-explainer |website=The Guardian |date=6 December 2019}}

Muscat announced on 1 December 2019 that he would resign in relation to the political crisis, saying that he would remain in office until a new Labour Party leader was elected in January, and formally resign as prime minister a few days after 12 January 2020.{{cite news|newspaper=The Guardian|author=Juliette Garside|title=Malta's PM quits in crisis over Daphne Caruana Galizia murder|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/01/malta-pm-joseph-muscat-quits-daphne-caruana-galizia|date=1 December 2019|access-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206125227/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/01/malta-pm-joseph-muscat-quits-daphne-caruana-galizia|archive-date=6 December 2019|url-status=live}}

On 23 February 2021, Vince Muscat, known as il-Koħħu, was sentenced to 15 years in prison after pleading guilty to the murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia.{{cite news|newspaper=Times of Malta|title=Vince Muscat gets 15 years after admitting to Daphne murder|url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/live-blog-daphne-murder-suspects-in-court-as-vince-muscat-seeks-fast.853598|date=23 February 2021|access-date=24 February 2021}} In his testimony, Muscat claimed that Alfred Degiorgio, who is also charged of executing the car bomb, received information from former Minister Chris Cardona on Caruana Galizia's whereabouts prior to her assassination, and subsequent tip-offs prior to the December 2017 arrests.{{Cite web|date=11 March 2021|title=Chris Cardona Tipped Off Daphne Murder Suspects About Raid, Vince Muscat Says|url=https://lovinmalta.com/news/chris-cardona-tipped-off-daphne-murder-suspects-about-raid-vince-muscat-says/|access-date=14 March 2021|website=Lovin Malta|language=en-US}} Cardona dismissed these allegations as 'pure evil fiction'.{{Cite web|title=Cardona, Schembri, Gatt rubbish il-Koħħu testimony|url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/cardona-schembri-gatt-rubbish-il-kohhu-allegations.857707|access-date=14 March 2021|website=Times of Malta|date=13 March 2021 |language=en-gb}}

An inquiry by former judges "accused the Maltese state of creating a pervasive 'atmosphere of impunity' that allowed her killers to believe they'd face minimal consequences".{{Cite web|last=Boland-Rudder|first=Hamish|date=30 July 2021|title=Malta responsible for assassination of journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia, inquiry finds|url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/panama-papers/malta-responsible-for-assassination-of-journalist-daphne-caruana-galizia-inquiry-finds/|url-status=live|access-date=5 August 2021|website=ICIJ|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730150936/https://www.icij.org/investigations/panama-papers/malta-responsible-for-assassination-of-journalist-daphne-caruana-galizia-inquiry-finds/ |archive-date=30 July 2021 }}

In July 2022, Alfred Degiorgio's brother George Degiorgio, speaking from jail, confessed to detonating the car bomb that killed Galizia and noted that he would plead guilty to try and get his and his brother's sentences reduced.{{Cite news |last=Grey |first=Stephen |date=5 July 2022 |title=Suspect confesses to killing Maltese journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia, says hit was 'just business' |language=en-CA |work=The Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-suspect-confesses-to-killing-maltese-journalist-daphne-caruana-galizia/ |access-date=5 July 2022}}

In October 2022, during the first day of the trial at Valletta’s central court, both George and Alfred Degiorgio dramatically changed their pleas to "guilty" on charges including wilful homicide, causing a fatal explosion, illegally possessing explosives, and criminal conspiracy. They were sentenced to 40-year prison terms, the forfeiture of the proceeds of their crime, and ordered to pay court expenses.{{Cite web |date=2022-10-14 |title=Two brothers jailed after admitting murder of Daphne Caruana Galizia |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/oct/14/daphne-caruana-galizia-brothers-admit-murder-first-day-trial |access-date=2022-10-16 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}

Funeral

File:TombstoneFamilyGraveCaruanaGalizia-AddolorataCemeteryPaolaMalta ByRomanDeckert28102022.jpg

Caruana Galizia's remains were released for burial on 27 October 2017,{{cite news|last1=Demicoli|first1=Keith|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia's remains released for burial|url=https://www.tvm.com.mt/en/news/daphne-caruana-galizias-remains-released-for-burial|access-date=29 October 2017|work=TVM News|date=27 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030041313/https://www.tvm.com.mt/en/news/daphne-caruana-galizias-remains-released-for-burial/|archive-date=30 October 2017|url-status=live}} and a public funeral was held on 3 November 2017 at the Rotunda of Mosta.{{cite news|title=Last farewell for Daphne Caruana Galizia|url=https://www.tvm.com.mt/en/news/watch-last-farewell-watch-last-farewell-for-daphne-caruana-galizia-last-farewell-for-daphne-caruana-galizia-daphne-caruana-galizia/|access-date=3 November 2017|work=TVM News|date=3 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107012915/https://www.tvm.com.mt/en/news/watch-last-farewell-watch-last-farewell-for-daphne-caruana-galizia-last-farewell-for-daphne-caruana-galizia-daphne-caruana-galizia/|archive-date=7 November 2017|url-status=live}} Thousands of mourners attended the funeral.{{Cite news|url=http://www.euronews.com/2017/11/03/thousands-attend-funeral-of-murdered-maltese-journalist|title=Thousands attend funeral of murdered Maltese journalist|date=3 November 2017|work=euronews|access-date=17 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128010457/http://www.euronews.com/2017/11/03/thousands-attend-funeral-of-murdered-maltese-journalist|archive-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live}} The day was observed as a national day of mourning in Malta.{{cite news|title=National day of mourning on Friday to mark Caruana Galizia funeral|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171101/local/national-day-of-mourning-on-friday-to-mark-caruana-galizia-funeral.661964|access-date=3 November 2017|work=The Times|location=Malta|date=1 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102185203/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171101/local/national-day-of-mourning-on-friday-to-mark-caruana-galizia-funeral.661964|archive-date=2 November 2017|url-status=live}} The funeral Mass was conducted by Charles Scicluna, Archbishop of Malta, who in his homily told journalists: "[Never] grow weary in your mission to be the eyes, the ears, and the mouth of the people."{{cite news|title=Daphne's funeral: We need unshackled journalists – Archbishop Scicluna|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-11-03/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-funeral-taking-place-in-Mosta-6736181036|access-date=3 February 2018|work=The Malta Independent|date=3 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208140624/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-11-03/local-news/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-funeral-taking-place-in-Mosta-6736181036|archive-date=8 February 2018|url-status=live}}

President Marie-Louise Coleiro Preca and Prime Minister Joseph Muscat did not attend the funeral, saying that Caruana Galizia's family made it clear that they (Preca and Muscat) were not welcome.{{cite news|title=Muscat, Coleiro Preca not welcome for Caruana Galizia's funeral|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171102/local/parking-restrictions-in-mosta-for-daphnes-funeral.662033|access-date=3 November 2017|work=The Times|location=Malta|date=2 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102160056/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171102/local/parking-restrictions-in-mosta-for-daphnes-funeral.662033|archive-date=2 November 2017|url-status=live}} The Leader of the Opposition, Adrian Delia, was "conspicuous by his absence".{{cite news|title=Hundreds flock to Mosta to bid Daphne Caruana Galizia farewell|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171103/local/hundreds-flock-to-mosta-to-bid-daphne-caruana-galizia-farewell.662120|access-date=3 November 2017|work=The Times|location=Malta|date=3 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171103125954/https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171103/local/hundreds-flock-to-mosta-to-bid-daphne-caruana-galizia-farewell.662120|archive-date=3 November 2017|url-status=live}}

Among the people at the funeral were several high officials: Silvio Camilleri, Chief Justice of Malta; Antonio Tajani, President of the European Parliament; Harlem Désir, OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media; Eddie Fenech Adami, former President of Malta and former leader of the Nationalist Party; Lawrence Gonzi, former Prime Minister of Malta and former leader of the Nationalist Party; and Simon Busuttil, former leader of the Nationalist Party.

Caruana Galizia was buried in the family grave at the Santa Maria Addolorata Cemetery in Paola, Malta's largest burial ground.{{Cite book |last=Bonnici |first=Eman |title=Cimiterju Ta' Santa Marija Addolorata – Storja, Arti u Personalitajiet |publisher=Heritage Malta |year=2019 |isbn=978-99932-57-75-2 |location=Kalkara |pages=234 |language=mt}}

Posthumous awards and honours

File:Malta - Sliema - Tower Road - monument for Daphne Caruana Galizia 20220516.jpg]]

File:Daphne Caruana Galizia Sir Arturo Mercieca Primary School Victoria bench commemoration.jpg, commemorating Daphne Caruana Galizia]]

  • Salle Daphne Caruana Galizia – press room dedication, November 2017, European Parliament Building, Strasbourg, France.{{Cite web|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/pdfs/news/expert/agenda_week_by_day/46-2017/46-2017_fr.pdf|title=European Parliament Agenda|date=13 November 2017|access-date=23 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123223848/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/pdfs/news/expert/agenda_week_by_day/46-2017/46-2017_fr.pdf|archive-date=23 January 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Premio Leali delle Notizie – award dedicated to Daphne Caruana Galizia, 9 November 2017, Ronchi dei Legionari, Italy{{Cite web|url=https://festivaldelgiornalismoronchi.wordpress.com/premio-daphne-caruana-galizia/|title=Premio Daphne Caruana Galizia|date=7 February 2018|website=Leali delle Notizie|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190722/https://festivaldelgiornalismoronchi.wordpress.com/premio-daphne-caruana-galizia/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Holme Award – awarded 1 December 2017.{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-12-05/local-news/Holme-Award-given-posthumously-to-Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-6736182303|title=Holme Award given posthumously to Daphne Caruana Galizia – The Malta Independent|website=independent.com.mt|access-date=23 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123223602/http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2017-12-05/local-news/Holme-Award-given-posthumously-to-Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-6736182303|archive-date=23 January 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Reporter Preis – awarded 1 December 2017, Reporter Forum, Berlin, Germany.{{Cite web|url=http://www.reporter-forum.de/index.php?id=231|title=Reporter-Forum: 2017|website=reporter-forum.de|access-date=23 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123223605/http://www.reporter-forum.de/index.php?id=231|archive-date=23 January 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Pegaso d'Argento – awarded 1 December 2017, Tuscan Regional Council, Italy{{Cite web|url=http://www.consiglio.regione.toscana.it/presidente/news.aspx?t=2056&s=jpg&idc=20|title=Consiglio: Giani, Daphne Caruana Galizia esempio di giornalismo libero|website=Tuscan Regional Council}}
  • Premio Giornalisti – awarded 14 December 2017, Tuscan Journalists Association, Italy{{Cite web|url=https://www.assostampa.org/10775-premio-giornalisti-toscani-2017-alla-memoria-daphne-caruana-galizia-lo-ritirera-la-sorella/|title=Premio 'Giornalisti Toscani 2017' a Daphne Caruana Galizia, uccisa a Malta|date=15 December 2017|website=Associazione Stampa Toscana|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619201223/https://www.assostampa.org/10775-premio-giornalisti-toscani-2017-alla-memoria-daphne-caruana-galizia-lo-ritirera-la-sorella/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Person of the Year – 2 December 2017, La Repubblica, Italy{{Cite web|url=https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2017/12/21/perche-daphne-e-la-persona-dellanno-201701.html|title=Perché Daphne è la persona dell'anno 2017|website=La Repubblica|date=21 December 2017 |access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190722/https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2017/12/21/perche-daphne-e-la-persona-dellanno-201701.html|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Nothing But The Truth – awarded 5 January 2018, Giuseppe Fava Foundation, Catania, Italy{{Cite web|url=http://www.fondazionefava.it/sito/premio-giuseppe-fava/|title=Nothing But The Truth award|website=Fondazione Giuseppe Fava|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713235635/http://www.fondazionefava.it/sito/premio-giuseppe-fava/|archive-date=13 July 2015|url-status=live}}
  • Tully Award for Free Speech – awarded 3 April 2018, Tully Center for Free Speech, Newhouse School, Syracuse University, USA{{Cite web|url=http://tully.syr.edu/award/daphne-caruana-galizia/|title=2017 Tully Award for Free Speech Daphne Caruana Galizia|website=Syracuse University Tully Award for Free Speech|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190723/http://tully.syr.edu/award/daphne-caruana-galizia/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Civitas Award – awarded 12 April 2018, Associazione Nazionale Donne Elettrici (A.N.D.E.), Nocera, Italy{{Cite web|url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/daphne-caruana-galizia-awarded-premio-civitas-2018.676329|title=Daphne Caruana Galizia awarded Premio Civitas 2018|website=The Times|date=14 April 2018 |location=Malta|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190723/https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/daphne-caruana-galizia-awarded-premio-civitas-2018.676329|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • The Astor Award – awarded 16 April 2018, Commonwealth Press Union Media Trust, London, UK{{Cite web|url=http://cpu.org.uk/attacks-on-the-media/the-astor-award-2018-the-commonwealth-press-union-media-trust-honours-the-memory-of-daphne-caruana-galizia/|title=The Astor Award|website=Commonwealth Press Union Media Trust|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190724/http://cpu.org.uk/attacks-on-the-media/the-astor-award-2018-the-commonwealth-press-union-media-trust-honours-the-memory-of-daphne-caruana-galizia/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Anna Politkovskaya Award – awarded 23 April 2018, Swedish National Press Club, Stockholm, Sweden{{Cite web|url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/swedish-national-press-club-honours-daphne-caruana-galizia.677433|title=Swedish National Press Club honours Daphne Caruana Galizia|website=The Times|date=25 April 2018 |location=Malta|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190721/https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/swedish-national-press-club-honours-daphne-caruana-galizia.677433|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Libera Ragusa Presidio dedicated to the memory of Daphne Caruana Galizia on 30 April 2018{{Cite web|url=http://ragusalibera.it/il-presidio-libera-di-ragusa-a-daphne-caruana-galizia/|title=Il Presidio LIBERA di Ragusa intitolato a Daphne Caruana Galizia|date=1 May 2019|website=Ragusa Libera|language=it-IT|access-date=2 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502144022/http://ragusalibera.it/il-presidio-libera-di-ragusa-a-daphne-caruana-galizia/|archive-date=2 May 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Premio Mario Francese – awarded 2 May 2018, Sicilian Order of Journalists, Palermo, Italy{{Cite web|url=https://www.marioegiuseppefrancese.it/home/premio-mario-francese-albo-d-oro|title=Premio Mario Francese|website=Mario Giuseppe Francese|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190723/https://www.marioegiuseppefrancese.it/home/premio-mario-francese-albo-d-oro|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Difference Day Honorary Title – awarded 5 May 2018, Brussels University Alliance, Brussels, Belgium{{Cite web|url=https://www.differenceday.com/difference-day-honorary-title-2018-daphne-caruana-galizia-and-her-family/|title=DIFFERENCE DAY HONORARY TITLE 2018: DAPHNE CARUANA GALIZIA AND HER FAMILY|date=5 May 2018|website=Difference Day|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190724/https://www.differenceday.com/difference-day-honorary-title-2018-daphne-caruana-galizia-and-her-family/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Conscience-in-Media Award – awarded 18 May 2018, American Society of Journalists and Authors, New York City{{Cite web|url=https://asja.org/About-ASJA/For-The-Media/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-Named-ASJAs-Conscience-In-Media-Award-Recipient|title=American Society of Journalists and Authors Honors Courageous Journalist: Daphne Caruana Galizia Named ASJA's Conscience In Media Award Recipient|website=American Society of Journalists and Authors|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190724/https://asja.org/About-ASJA/For-The-Media/Daphne-Caruana-Galizia-Named-ASJAs-Conscience-In-Media-Award-Recipient|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Contribution to Society Award – awarded 23 May 2018, European Leadership Awards, Brussels, Belgium{{Cite web|url=https://www.europeanbusinessreview.eu/page.asp?pid=2594|title=Winners of the European Leadership Awards 2018 announced at the European Business Summit|website=European Business Review|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507182644/https://www.europeanbusinessreview.eu/page.asp?pid=2594|archive-date=7 May 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Award for Journalists, Whistleblowers and Defenders of the Right to Information – 2018 award dedicated to Daphne Caruana Galizia, GUE/NGL, Strasbourg, France{{Cite web|url=https://www.guengl.eu/kuciak-and-halet-awarded-inaugural-prize-for-journalists-whistleblowers-and/|title=Kuciak and Halet win GUE/NGL prize for 'Journalists, Whistleblowers and Defenders of Right to Info'|website=GUE/NGL|date=29 May 2018 |access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619201213/https://www.guengl.eu/kuciak-and-halet-awarded-inaugural-prize-for-journalists-whistleblowers-and/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • PEC 2018 – awarded 4 June 2018, Press Emblem Campaign, Geneva, Switzerland{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressemblem.ch/pec-award.shtml|title=PEC Award 2018|website=Press Emblem Campaign|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127092131/https://www.pressemblem.ch/pec-award.shtml|archive-date=27 November 2018|url-status=live}}
  • Newseum Memorial – rededicated 4 June 2018, Newseum, Washington D.C., USA{{Cite web|url=https://www.newseum.org/2018/05/16/newseum-to-add-18-journalists-killed-in-2017-to-journalists-memorial-on-june-4/|title=NEWSEUM TO ADD 18 JOURNALISTS TO JOURNALISTS MEMORIAL ON JUNE 4|website=Newseum|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619201214/https://www.newseum.org/2018/05/16/newseum-to-add-18-journalists-killed-in-2017-to-journalists-memorial-on-june-4/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Premio Luca Colletti – awarded 15 June 2018, Rome, Italy{{Cite web|url=https://www.giornalistitalia.it/premio-lucio-colletti-vince-linformazione/|title=Premio Lucio Colletti: vince l'informazione|date=16 June 2018|website=Giornalisti Italia|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190723/https://www.giornalistitalia.it/premio-lucio-colletti-vince-linformazione/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • MCCV Annual Award – awarded 21 July 2018, Maltse Community Council of Victoria, Australia{{Cite web|url=https://www.mccv.org.au/mccv-posthumously-honours-daphne-caruana-galizia/|title=MCCV posthumously honours Daphne Caruana Galizia for contribution to democracy in Malta|website=Maltese Community Council of Victoria|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321032357/https://www.mccv.org.au/mccv-posthumously-honours-daphne-caruana-galizia/|archive-date=21 March 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Commemoration – 4 October 2018, Themis & Metis, Camera dei Deputati, Rome, Italy{{Cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/1132?shadow_primapagina=8035|title=CONVEGNO – Giornalismo d'inchiesta pilastro di democrazia|website=Camera dei Deputati, Italia|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190620115352/https://www.camera.it/leg18/1132%3Fshadow_primapagina%3D8035|archive-date=20 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • War Reporters Memorial commemoration – 11 October 2018, Reporters Without Borders, Bayeux, France.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
  • Anti-Corruption Award – 21 October 2018, Transparency International.{{Cite web|url=https://www.transparency.org/getinvolved/awardwinner/daphne_caruana_galizia_posthumous|title=Award winner – Daphne Caruana Galizia (Posthumous)|website=transparency.org|access-date=23 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123223516/https://www.transparency.org/getinvolved/awardwinner/daphne_caruana_galizia_posthumous|archive-date=23 January 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Premio Europeo Giornalismo Giudiziario e Investigativo – awarded 28 October 2018, Taormina, Italy{{Cite web|url=http://www.lanotiziagiornale.it/un-anno-fa-a-malta-lassassinio-di-daphne-caruana-galizia-il-28-ottobre-a-taormina-sara-consegnato-ai-suoi-familiari-il-premio-europeo-di-giornalismo-giudiziario-e-investigativo/|title=Un anno fa a Malta l'assassinio di Daphne Caruana Galizia. Il 28 ottobre a Taormina sarà consegnato ai suoi familiari il "Premio Europeo di Giornalismo giudiziario e investigativo"|website=La Notizia Giornale|date=16 October 2018|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619190723/http://www.lanotiziagiornale.it/un-anno-fa-a-malta-lassassinio-di-daphne-caruana-galizia-il-28-ottobre-a-taormina-sara-consegnato-ai-suoi-familiari-il-premio-europeo-di-giornalismo-giudiziario-e-investigativo/|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Martin Adler Prize – awarded 1 November 2018, Rory Peck Trust, London, UK{{Cite web|url=https://rorypecktrust.org/Awards/2018/Martin-Adler-Prize-2018|title=Martin Adler Prize 2018 Daphne Caruana Galizia|website=Rory Peck Trust|access-date=19 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619201213/https://rorypecktrust.org/Awards/2018/Martin-Adler-Prize-2018|archive-date=19 June 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Golden Victoria for Press Freedom – 5 November 2018, German Free Press & VDZ, Berlin, Germany.{{Cite web|url=https://theshiftnews.com/2018/11/07/golden-victoria-award-for-daphne-caruana-galizia-and-jan-kuciak/|title=Golden Victoria award for Daphne Caruana Galizia and Ján Kuciak|date=7 November 2018|website=The Shift News|access-date=23 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190124041302/https://theshiftnews.com/2018/11/07/golden-victoria-award-for-daphne-caruana-galizia-and-jan-kuciak/|archive-date=24 January 2019|url-status=live}}
  • Guardian Award – 6 May 2020, Association of Certified Fraud Examiners, Austin, Texas, USA{{Cite web|title=Daphne's message lives on|url=https://www.fraud-magazine.com/cover-article.aspx?id=4295010544|access-date=23 June 2020|website=www.fraud-magazine.com}}
  • Allard Prize for International Integrity – 21 October 2020, The Allied Prize Foundation{{Cite web|title=Howard Wilkinson and Daphne Caruana Galizia Jointly Awarded 2020 Allard Prize|url=https://www.allardprize.org/news/howard-wilkinson-and-daphne-caruana-galizia-jointly-awarded-2020-allard-prize-0|access-date=22 October 2020|website=www.allardprize.org|archive-date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026092411/https://www.allardprize.org/news/howard-wilkinson-and-daphne-caruana-galizia-jointly-awarded-2020-allard-prize-0|url-status=dead}}
  • Memorial monument, Iveagh Gardens, Dublin – 9 December 2020, [https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/ Front Line Defenders]{{Cite web|title=Minister for Foreign Affairs Simon Coveney inaugurates memorial monument commemorating the lives of human rights defenders|url=https://merrionstreet.ie/en/news-room/releases/minister_for_foreign_affairs_simon_coveney_inaugurates_memorial_monument_commemorating_the_lives_of_human_rights_defenders.html|access-date=9 December 2020|website=merrionstreet.ie|language=en}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book |editor1-last=Debono |editor1-first=Joseph A. |editor2-last=Muscat |editor2-first=Caroline |year=2017 |title=Invicta: The Life and Work of Daphne Caruana Galizia |url=https://www.thepertinentpress.co.uk/invicta.html |publisher=Pertinent Press |isbn=978-1-912142-13-2 |access-date=12 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710164925/https://www.thepertinentpress.co.uk/invicta.html |archive-date=10 July 2018 |url-status=dead}}
  • {{cite book |last1=Bonini |first1=Carlo |last2=Delia |first2=Manuel |last3=Sweeney |first3=John |author-link3=John Sweeney (journalist) |date=14 October 2019 |title=Murder on the Malta Express: Who Killed Daphne Caruana Galizia? |location=Malta |publisher=Midsea Press }}
  • Gattaldo; (2020) Fearless: The Story of Daphne Caruana Galizia. UK: Otter Barry Books. ISBN 978-1-91307-404-3
  • Galizia, Paul Caruana (2023) A Death in Malta, Hutchinson Heinemann, {{ISBN|9781529151558}}

See also

References

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