:Gurgaon

{{see also|History of Haryana|Badshahpur|Jharsa}}

The region of Gurgaon originally fell under the Kuru Kingdom.{{cite book|title=The History of India|publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc, 2010|isbn=978-1615301225|pages=63|date=15 August 2010}} Early people to inhabit the region were Hindus ruled over by the Ahir clan.{{cite web|url=https://gurugram.gov.in/history/|title=History {{!}} Gurugram|website=gurugram.gov.in|language=en-US|access-date=14 September 2018|archive-date=23 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423110041/https://gurugram.gov.in/history/|url-status=live}} Yadu tribes were a part of this clan and today their descendants commonly hold the last name Yadav. In late 4th century BCE, the city was absorbed by the Maurya Empire as part of Chandragupta Maurya's earliest expansions of his kingdom.Constance Jones; James D. Ryan (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=OgMmceadQ3gC Encyclopedia of Hinduism] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323232140/https://books.google.com/books?id=OgMmceadQ3gC |date=23 March 2017}}. Infobase Publishing. p. xxviii. {{ISBN|978-0-8160-7564-5}}.

Gurgaon may be same as the Gudapura town mentioned in the 12th century text Prithviraja Vijaya. According to the text, Nagarjuna, a cousin of the Chahamana king Prithviraj Chauhan, rebelled against the king and captured the town. Prithviraj crushed the rebellion and recaptured the town.{{cite book |author=R. B. Singh |title=History of the Chāhamānas |publisher=N. Kishore |year=1964 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKs9AAAAIAAJ |oclc=11038728 |page=163 |access-date=22 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323170959/https://books.google.com/books?id=TKs9AAAAIAAJ |archive-date=23 March 2017 |url-status=live}}{{cite book |author=Dasharatha Sharma |title=Rajasthan Through the Ages: From the earliest times to 1316 A.D |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W1dXAAAAMAAJ |year=1966 |publisher=Rajasthan State Archives |page=290}}

During the Mughal and initially during the British colonial era, Gurgaon was just a small village in Jharsa paragana of Delhi subah. Report of a Tour in Eastern Rajputana in 1882–83 (published in 1885) by Alexander Cunningham, the then Director-General of Archaeological Survey of India, he mentions a stone pillar at Gurgaon of a local feudal lord "Durgga Naga" with a 3-line inscription "Samvat 729 or 928, Vaisakh badi 4, Durgga Naga lokatari bhuta" dating back to 672 CE or 871 CE. Jharsa paragana passed to Begum Samru in 1776–77 and came under direct British rule in 1836 after her death when her territory was taken over by the British who established a civil lines at Jharsa and a cavalry cantonment at nearby Hiyadatpur. An 1882 land revenue settlement report records that the idol of Sitla Mata was brought to Gurgaon 400 years earlier (15th century). Begum Samru claimed the offering to Sitla Mata temple during the Chaitra month and the revenue from the offerings given to the deity for rest of the month was distributed among the prominent Jat zamindars of the area.[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Gurugram-plan-a-misdirected-govt-move-from-history-to-myth/articleshow/51961328.cms Gurugram plan a misdirected govt move from history to myth] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122154220/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Gurugram-plan-a-misdirected-govt-move-from-history-to-myth/articleshow/51961328.cms |date=22 January 2019}}, Times of India.

File:Aliwardi Masjid, Gurugram.jpg

In 1818, Bharawas district was disbanded and Gurgaon was made a new district. In 1821, the Bharaswas cantonment was also moved to Hidayatpur in Gurgaon.Yashpal Gulia, 2012, Heritage of Haryana. "Aliwardi mosque" in Gurgaon, "Badshahpur baoli" (1905).[http://indianexpress.com/article/india/will-history-be-buried-for-a-road-a-gurgaon-village-waits-5030765/ Will history be buried for a road? A Gurgaon village waits] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201120219/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/will-history-be-buried-for-a-road-a-gurgaon-village-waits-5030765/ |date=1 February 2019}}, Indian Express, 18 January 2018.[http://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/intach-writes-to-state-seeks-preservation-of-100-year-old-stepwell/story-BnNN31JhcG1TDUBHGamD0J.html Intach writes to state, seeks preservation of 100-year-old stepwell] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131002220/https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/intach-writes-to-state-seeks-preservation-of-100-year-old-stepwell/story-BnNN31JhcG1TDUBHGamD0J.html |date=31 January 2018}}, Hindustan Times, 20 January 2018. and "Bhondsi" (16th to 17th century) were built during mughal and British era. The "Church of the Epiphany" and "Kaman Serai" (Corrupted form of the "Command Serai" or Officer's Mess") was built by the Britishers in 1925 inside the civil lines.[http://www.fridaygurgaon.com/news/2516-gurgaon-heritage.html Gurugram heritage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201065323/http://www.fridaygurgaon.com/news/2516-gurgaon-heritage.html |date=1 February 2019}}, fridaygurgaon.com.

Other British colonial era historic buildings The Gurgaon Club, a 3-room building surrounded by the lawn and currently run by the Zila Parishad, the erstwhile Coronation School—now renamed to the Government Boys' Senior Secondary School, one of the 13 school established in India in 1911 to commemorate the coronation of King George V.[https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurugram/architectural-remnants-of-the-raj/story-j24ZAU7hCFqGuP3g4h1pzO.html Architectural remnants of the Raj] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003020654/https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurugram/architectural-remnants-of-the-raj/story-j24ZAU7hCFqGuP3g4h1pzO.html |date=3 October 2019 }}, Hindustan Times, 2 September 2019. During 1980s, the airstrip and hangar, air conditioned yoga ashram and TV studio were built on outskirts of the city by former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's yoga mentor Dhirendra Brahmachari.1990, [https://books.google.com/books?id=I6R1g9aQqm0C "The Illustrated Weekly of India."], The Times Group, Volume 111, Issues 13-25, p. 35. The former Prime Minister Chandra Shekhar established his own ashram near this airstrip in 1983 on 600 acre of panchayat land, where another godman Chandraswami and notorious Saudi arms dealer Adnan Khashoggi used to visit him.1996, [https://books.google.com/books?id=l05DAAAAYAAJ "India Today"], - Volume 21, Issues 7-12, p. 122.[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/visit-of-notorious-middleman-adnan-khashoggi-leaves-a-trail-of-perplexing-questions/1/317902.html "Creating a stir."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923222101/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/visit-of-notorious-middleman-adnan-khashoggi-leaves-a-trail-of-perplexing-questions/1/317902.html |date=23 September 2017 }}, India Today, 28 February 1991.

On 12 April 2016, Chief Minister of Haryana Manohar Lal Khattar announced a proposal to officially rename the city Gurugram (Sanskrit: गुरुग्राम, lit. village of the Guru), subject to the approval of the Haryana cabinet and the Union Government. He argued that the new name would help to preserve the "rich heritage" of the city by emphasising its history and mythological association with Drona.{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/gurgaon-gurugram-rename-mewat-nuh-haryana-government/|title=Gurgaon is now 'Gurugram', Mewat renamed Nuh: Haryana government|date=12 April 2016|work=The Indian Express|access-date=12 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414111401/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/gurgaon-gurugram-rename-mewat-nuh-haryana-government/|archive-date=14 April 2016|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/welcome-to-the-new-office-of-gurugram-police-commissioner/story-MnJBQaVSz2w5II5qOe0p6O.html|title=Welcome to the new office of Gurugram police commissioner|website=Hindustan Times|access-date=5 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505054913/http://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/welcome-to-the-new-office-of-gurugram-police-commissioner/story-MnJBQaVSz2w5II5qOe0p6O.html|archive-date=5 May 2016|url-status=live|date=2 May 2016}}{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Gurgaon-The-city-whose-middle-name-is-paradox/articleshow/52948904.cms|title=Gurgaon: The city whose middle name is paradox|website=The Times of India|date=28 June 2016 |access-date=12 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701203323/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Gurgaon-The-city-whose-middle-name-is-paradox/articleshow/52948904.cms|archive-date=1 July 2016|url-status=live}} On 27 September 2016, he officially announced that the Union Government had approved the name change, and thus the city and district would henceforth be known as Gurugram,{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Good-morning-Gurugram-The-names-official/articleshow/54553616.cms|title=Good morning, Gurugram. The name's official|website=The Times of India|date=28 September 2016 |access-date=3 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161001085845/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/good-morning-gurugram-the-names-official/articleshow/54553616.cms|archive-date=1 October 2016|url-status=live}} though the old name "Gurgaon" still lingers in the colloquial usage.{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/a-year-after-renaming-gurgaon-still-lives-on/articleshow/58151456.cms|title=A year after renaming, 'Gurgaon' still lives on |work=The Times of India|access-date=10 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113181538/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/a-year-after-renaming-gurgaon-still-lives-on/articleshow/58151456.cms|archive-date=13 November 2017|url-status=live}}

File:New Delhi Traffic Congestion .jpg

Gurgaon is located in Gurgaon district in the Indian state of Haryana and is situated in the southeastern part of the state, and northern part of the country. The city is located on the border with Delhi with New Delhi to its northeast. The city has a total area of {{convert|232|km2}}.{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/20-more-villages-to-come-under-corporation-limits/articleshow/64594157.cms|title=20 more villages to come under corporation limits|newspaper=The Times of India|date=15 June 2018|access-date=22 November 2020|archive-date=25 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425152255/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/20-more-villages-to-come-under-corporation-limits/articleshow/64594157.cms|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Demographics|url=http://www.mcg.gov.in/MCGPortal/MCGurgaonDemographics.aspx|archive-url=https://archive.today/20131011233312/http://www.mcg.gov.in/MCGPortal/MCGurgaonDemographics.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2013|publisher=Municipal Corporation, Gurgaon}}

The average land elevation is {{convert|217|m}} above sea level.{{cite web|title=GGN/Gurgaon(3)|url=http://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/gurgaon-ggn/353|publisher=India Rail Info|access-date=2 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221233439/http://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/gurgaon-ggn/353|archive-date=21 February 2014|url-status=live}}

File:Northern Shovelers (Anas clypeata) taking off at Sultanpur I Picture 1070.jpg is a Ramsar site, which is famous for migratory bird species which migrate to India due to seasonal changes]]

Gurgaon lies on the Sahibi River, a tributary of Yamuna which originates from the Aravalli range in Rajasthan and flows through west and South Haryana into Delhi where it is also known as the Najafgarh drain. The paleochannel and the current course of the Sahibi river have series of biodiversity hotspots and Important Bird Area (IBA) wetlands and forests within Gurugam, including the Outfall Drain Number 6 (canalised portion in Haryana of Sahibi river), Outfall Drain Number 8 (canalised portion in Haryana of Dohan river which is a tributary of Sahibi river), Sarbashirpur wetland, Sultanpur National Park, Basai wetland, Najafgarh lake and Najafgarh drain bird sanctuary, Ghata lake, Badshahpur lake, Khandsa lake and The Lost lake of Gurgaon. Other IBA wetlands along the Saibi river, outside Gurgaon district, are the Masani barrage wetland, Matanhail forest, Chhuchhakwas-Godhari, Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary, etc. All of these are home to endangered and migratory birds. Most of these largely remain unprotected. These are under extreme threat mainly from the colonisers and builders.

Mangar Bani, a sacred grove and forest with wetlands between Gurgaon and Faridabad, is one of the last surviving natural forests in NCR is protected by Gurjars of nearby area.{{cite web |url=http://www.ngtba.org/index.php/news?start=190 |title=News |access-date=29 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002326/http://www.ngtba.org/index.php/news?start=190 |archive-date=4 March 2016}} Contiguous to Mangar bani are Gwal Pahari and Bandhwari forested area. All of these lie on the Southern Delhi Ridge of Aravalli range.

Under the Köppen climate classification, the climate of Gurgaon is an overlap between a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) and a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh).{{Cite web |title=Gurgaon Climate By Month {{!}} A Year-Round Guide |url=https://weather-and-climate.com:80/average-monthly-Rainfall-Temperature-Sunshine,gurgaon,India |access-date=19 April 2024 |website=World Weather & Climate Information |language=en}} The city experiences four distinct seasons – spring (February–March), summer (April–August), autumn (October–November) and winter (December–January) – along with the monsoon season (June–September) setting in towards the latter half of the summer. Summers, from early April to September, are typically hot and humid, with an average daily June high temperature of {{convert|40|C}}. The season experiences heat indices easily breaking {{cvt|43|C}}. Winters are cool and foggy with few sunny days. The Western Disturbance brings some rain in winters that further adds to the chill. Spring and autumn are mild and pleasant seasons with low humidity. The monsoon season usually starts in the first week of July and continues till August. Thunderstorms are not uncommon during the monsoon. The average annual rainfall is {{convert|648.6|mm|in|1}}. The highest ever temperature recorded is {{cvt|49.0|C}} on 10 May 1966 and the lowest ever is {{cvt|-0.4|C}} on 5 December 1966. On 15 May 2022 Gurgaon recorded a maximum temperature of {{cvt|48.1|C}}, the hottest day in May in 56 years.

According to the World Air Quality Report 2024, Gurugram is one of the world's 20 most polluted city in India.

{{Weather box

| location = Gurgaon (1991–2020, extremes 1965–present)

| metric first = Y

| single line = Y

| Jan record high C = 28.0

| Feb record high C = 33.5

| Mar record high C = 39.5

| Apr record high C = 46.2

| May record high C = 49.0

| Jun record high C = 47.5

| Jul record high C = 45.0

| Aug record high C = 41.0

| Sep record high C = 41.2

| Oct record high C = 39.3

| Nov record high C = 38.4

| Dec record high C = 30.2

| year record high C = 49.0

| Jan high C = 20.1

| Feb high C = 23.8

| Mar high C = 29.9

| Apr high C = 36.9

| May high C = 40.9

| Jun high C = 39.3

| Jul high C = 35.9

| Aug high C = 33.9

| Sep high C = 34.1

| Oct high C = 32.0

| Nov high C = 27.8

| Dec high C = 22.5

| year high C = 31.2

| Jan low C = 6.9

| Feb low C = 9.5

| Mar low C = 14.0

| Apr low C = 19.6

| May low C = 24.6

| Jun low C = 26.7

| Jul low C = 26.7

| Aug low C = 25.8

| Sep low C = 24.4

| Oct low C = 18.0

| Nov low C = 12.0

| Dec low C = 7.5

| year low C = 17.7

| Jan record low C = 0.0

| Feb record low C = 0.9

| Mar record low C = 3.7

| Apr record low C = 9.2

| May record low C = 14.8

| Jun record low C = 19.1

| Jul record low C = 21.0

| Aug record low C = 21.2

| Sep record low C = 13.9

| Oct record low C = 9.8

| Nov record low C = 2.6

| Dec record low C = -0.4

| year record low C = -0.4

| rain colour = green

| Jan rain mm = 13.5

| Feb rain mm = 16.9

| Mar rain mm = 3.4

| Apr rain mm = 8.2

| May rain mm = 22.7

| Jun rain mm = 79.2

| Jul rain mm = 135.5

| Aug rain mm = 211.4

| Sep rain mm = 120.8

| Oct rain mm = 15.9

| Nov rain mm = 10.7

| Dec rain mm = 9.9

| year rain mm = 648.6

| Jan rain days = 1.2

| Feb rain days = 1.2

| Mar rain days = 0.5

| Apr rain days = 0.6

| May rain days = 1.7

| Jun rain days = 4.3

| Jul rain days = 7.6

| Aug rain days = 8.5

| Sep rain days = 5.5

| Oct rain days = 1.3

| Nov rain days = 1.0

| Dec rain days = 0.8

| year rain days = 34.2

| time day = 17:30 IST

| Jan humidity = 54

| Feb humidity = 45

| Mar humidity = 37

| Apr humidity = 28

| May humidity = 31

| Jun humidity = 40

| Jul humidity = 63

| Aug humidity = 69

| Sep humidity = 59

| Oct humidity = 45

| Nov humidity = 47

| Dec humidity = 55

| year humidity = 48

| Jan uv = 5

| Feb uv = 5

| Mar uv = 7

| Apr uv = 9

| May uv = 9

| Jun uv = 9

| Jul uv = 8

| Aug uv = 7

| Sep uv = 7

| Oct uv = 7

| Nov uv = 6

| Dec uv = 4

| source 1 = India Meteorological Department{{cite web |title=CLIMATOLOGICAL TABLES OF OBSERVATORIES IN INDIA 1991-2020 |url=https://www.imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf |website=GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES INDIA METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT |access-date=18 April 2024}}

Time and Date (dewpoints, 1985-2015){{cite web

|url = https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/india/gurgaon/climate

|title = Climate & Weather Averages in Gurgaon, Haryana, India

|publisher = Time and Date

|access-date = 29 August 2022

|archive-date = 29 August 2022

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220829170335/https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/india/gurgaon/climate

|url-status = live

}}

| source =

| source 2 = Weather Atlas{{cite web

| url = https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/india/gurgaon-climate

| title = Gurgaon, India - Climate and monthly weather forecast

| publisher = Weather Atlas

| access-date = 12 July 2022

| archive-date = 12 July 2022

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220712144042/https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/india/gurgaon-climate

| url-status = live

}}

| Jan avg record high C = 25.0

| Feb avg record high C = 29.2

| Mar avg record high C = 35.7

| Apr avg record high C = 42.9

| May avg record high C = 45.0

| Jun avg record high C = 45.0

| Jul avg record high C = 40.6

| Aug avg record high C = 38.1

| Sep avg record high C = 37.2

| Oct avg record high C = 35.2

| Nov avg record high C = 32.8

| Dec avg record high C = 26.6

| year avg record high C = 45.7

| Jan avg record low C = 3.9

| Feb avg record low C = 4.9

| Mar avg record low C = 8.6

| Apr avg record low C = 14.5

| May avg record low C = 19.1

| Jun avg record low C = 21.6

| Jul avg record low C = 23.5

| Aug avg record low C = 23.1

| Sep avg record low C = 21.8

| Oct avg record low C = 13.2

| Nov avg record low C = 7.3

| Dec avg record low C = 3.5

| year avg record low C = 3.0

| year uv = 6.9

| Jan dew point C = 8

| Feb dew point C = 9

| Mar dew point C = 11

| Apr dew point C = 11

| May dew point C = 14

| Jun dew point C = 20

| Jul dew point C = 24

| Aug dew point C = 25

| Sep dew point C = 23

| Oct dew point C = 16

| Nov dew point C = 11

| Dec dew point C = 8

}}

The Gurgaon city area has an estimated population of 876,969, according to the 2011 Census of India.

{{bar box

|title=Religion in Gurgaon (2011){{cite web |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Haryana|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11374/download/14487/DDW06C-01%20MDDS.XLSS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India}}

|titlebar=#Fcd116

|left1=Religion

|right1=Percent

|float=right

|bars=

{{bar percent|Hinduism|darkorange|91.88}}

{{bar percent|Islam|green|4.57}}

{{bar percent|Sikhism|darkkhaki|1.60}}

{{bar percent|Christianity|dodgerblue|0.95}}

{{bar percent|Jainism|pink|0.79}}

{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.21}}

}}

Hinduism is the most popular religion in Gurgaon, followed by Islam, and Sikhism. There are small numbers of Christian, and Buddhist followers. Gurgaon has adherents of Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam, Buddhism, Jainism, Christianity and the Baháʼí Faith, among others. There are several places of worship for major religions, including mandirs, gurdwaras, mosques and churches.

Sheetla Mata Mandir, located at the heart of Gurgaon,{{cite web |title=Sheetla Mata Mandir, Gurgaon |url=https://trek.zone/en/india/places/82616/sheetla-mata-mandir-gurgaon |website=Trek.zone |publisher=Trekzone |access-date=5 March 2023 |archive-date=5 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305105742/https://trek.zone/en/india/places/82616/sheetla-mata-mandir-gurgaon |url-status=live }} is a temple dedicated to the wife of Guru Dronacharya, Kripi.{{cite web

|url = http://sheetlamatagurgaon.com/sheetla-eng/About.aspx

|title = Sheetla Mata Mandir Gurgaon

|website = sheetlamatagurgaon.com

|access-date = 1 March 2016

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160225161234/http://sheetlamatagurgaon.com/sheetla-eng/About.aspx

|archive-date = 25 February 2016

|url-status = dead

|df = dmy-all

}} The temple hosts fairs and people come to seek blessings of Sheetla Mata, earlier known as Kripi. Sai Ka Aangan temple, spread over an area of 36,000 square feet, is dedicated to Shirdi Sai Baba and has a life size idol of him.{{cite web |url=http://saikaaangan.com/abouttemple.asp |website=saikaaangan.com/ |publisher=Sai Ka Angan |access-date=5 March 2023 |title=Sai Ka Angan |archive-date=30 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530175729/http://saikaaangan.com/abouttemple.asp |url-status=live }}

{{Pie chart

|thumb = left

|caption = Languages of Gurgaon (2011)

|label1 = Hindi |value1 = 74.18 |color1 = orange

|label2 = Haryanvi |value2 = 9.02 |color2 = indianred

|label3 = Punjabi |value3 = 3.78 |color3 = pink

|label4 = Bengali |value4 = 3.59 |color4 = orchid

|label5 = Bhojpuri |value5 = 1.95 |color5 = gold

|label6 = Others |value6 = 7.48 |color6 = grey

}}

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 74.18% of the population spoke Hindi, 9.02% Haryanvi, 3.78% Punjabi, 3.59% Bengali and 1.95% Bhojpuri as their first language.{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Haryana|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10204/download/13316/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0600.XLSX|website=Census of India |publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India}}.

File:Cyber Green Building, Gurgaon, Haryana, India - 20070613.jpg

Gurgaon has architecturally noteworthy buildings in a wide range of styles and from distinct time periods. Gurgaon's skyline with its many skyscrapers is nationally recognised, and the city has been home to several tall buildings with modern planning. Gurgaon has an estimated 1,892 high-rises.{{cite web |url=https://www.emporis.com/city/102893/gurgaon-india |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150321193740/http://www.emporis.com/city/102893/gurgaon-india |url-status=usurped |archive-date=21 March 2015 |title=Gurgaon High Rises |website=Emporis}}{{cite news|title=In Gurgaon, residential high-rises most at risk|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurugram/in-gurugram-residential-high-rises-most-at-risk/story-msiqAGXCjun67FRjG0OmPO.html|date=17 April 2013|access-date=23 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123154333/https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurugram/in-gurugram-residential-high-rises-most-at-risk/story-msiqAGXCjun67FRjG0OmPO.html|archive-date=23 November 2018|url-status=live}}

File:Gurgoan6.JPG

Gurgaon is divided into 36 wards, with each ward further divided into blocks. The housing type in the city consists largely of attached housing, though many attached multi-dwelling units, including apartments, condominiums and high rise residential towers are getting popular.

Gurgaon has a complex park system, with various lands operated by the Gurgaon Metropolitan Development Authority. The key parks are Leisure Valley Park in Sector 29, which is over {{convert|36|acre|ha|order=flip}}; Tau Devi Lal Biodiversity Botanical Garden in Sector 52; Navisha Park in Malibu Towne, Sector-47; Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Park in Sector 14, popularly known as HUDA Garden; Tau Devi Lal park in Sector 23; and Aravali Biodiversity Park on MG Road.{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/turning-the-city-green-a-million-trees-at-a-time/story-ODUJpCxR3WdvlAVsL2sfhL.html|title=Turning the city green, a million trees at a time|date=9 March 2019|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|access-date=18 April 2020|archive-date=1 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801103514/https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/turning-the-city-green-a-million-trees-at-a-time/story-ODUJpCxR3WdvlAVsL2sfhL.html|url-status=live}} There are local parks in almost all sectors in Old Gurgaon.{{cite news|title=How green was Gurgaon's parks|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/How-green-was-Gurgaons-parks/articleshow/11300136.cms|access-date=2 October 2013|date=30 December 2011|agency=TNN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029185929/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-30/gurgaon/30572500_1_fountains-leisure-valley-park-entire-park|archive-date=29 October 2013|newspaper=The Times of India|url-status=live}}

File:Kingdom of Dreams auditorium night view, Gurgaon.jpg]]

Notable performing art venues in the city include Epicentre in Sector 44 and Nautanki Mehal at the Kingdom of Dreams near IFFCO Chowk.

Bollywood actor Rajkummar Rao was born in Gurgaon.{{cite news |last1=Mathur |first1=Abhimanyu |title=Rajkummar Rao: I was inspired by a Haryana bus conductor for role in 'Stree' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/rajkummar-rao-i-was-inspired-by-a-haryana-bus-conductor-for-role-in-stree/articleshow/72207854.cms |access-date=5 March 2023 |agency=ETimes |work=The Times of India |date=25 November 2019 |archive-date=5 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305102701/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/rajkummar-rao-i-was-inspired-by-a-haryana-bus-conductor-for-role-in-stree/articleshow/72207854.cms |url-status=live }}

The main language spoken in Gurgaon is Hindi, though a segment of the population understands and speaks English. The dialect used in Hindi is similar to that of Delhi, and is considered neutral, though the regional influences from the states of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Punjab adds an accent to the language. English is spoken with an Indian accent, with a primarily North Indian influence. Since Gurgaon has many international call centres, the employees are usually given formal training in neutral pronunciation in order to be understandable to native English speakers. Haryanvi and Punjabi are other popular languages spoken in the city.

The city has two major sports stadiums: Tau Devi Lal Stadium in Sector 38, which has facilities for cricket, football, basketball and athletics as well as a sports hostel, and Nehru Stadium which is designed for football and athletics. Amity United FC is a tenant of Tau Devi Lal Stadium. Gurgaon district has nine golf courses and is described as the "heart of India's golfing country".{{cite news|last1=Singh|first1=Prabhdev|title=Golf courses in Gurgaon|url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/VP7qAM12jQberEYfErbEjI/Gurgaons-golf-courses.html|access-date=3 May 2015|agency=Live Mint|publisher=HT Media|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150515074949/http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/VP7qAM12jQberEYfErbEjI/Gurgaons-golf-courses.html|archive-date=15 May 2015|url-status=live}}

Joginder Rao, a domestic cricket player, was from Gurgaon.

File:Gurgaon CyberHub.jpg.|thumb|260x260px]]

Gurgaon has the third highest per-capita income in India and is the site of Indian offices for half of Fortune 500 companies.{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Ashok |date=9 January 2022 |title=Millennium city losing its sheen as investment destination over growing vigilantism |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/millennium-city-losing-its-sheen/article38211991.ece |work=The Hindu |issn=0971-751X |access-date=12 September 2024}} The city also benefits from its close proximity to Delhi.

Maruti Suzuki Private Limited was the first company that set up a manufacturing unit in the city in the 1970s, making cars. Eventually, DLF Limited, a real estate company, acquired vast stretches of land in the city. The first major American brand to set up a unit in Gurgaon was General Electric in 1997. GE's setup in Gurgaon prompted other companies, both international and domestic, to follow suit{{cite news|last=Kannan|first=Shilpa|title=Gurgaon: From fields to global tech hub|url=http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20131001-gurgaon-indias-it-capital/all|work=BBC News|date=2 October 2013 |access-date=4 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007054250/http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20131001-gurgaon-indias-it-capital/all|archive-date=7 October 2013|url-status=live}} providing outsourcing solutions in software, IT, service and sales through delivery facilities and call centres. However, due to the lack of proper public transport and the inability of most of the employees to afford a personal vehicle, most of the call centres provide pooled-in cars to and from their offices.

Apart from business process outsourcing and IT sectors, the city is home to several other companies. Siemens Industry Software, in Gurgaon Business Park, made a portfolio of design software that was used by NASA to digitally design, simulate and assemble the vehicle{{clarification needed|date=May 2024}} before any physical prototypes were built. Various international companies, including Coca-Cola, Pepsi, BMW, Agilent Technologies, and Hyundai, have chosen Gurgaon as their Indian corporate headquarters; this continues to in the 2020s, with Cargill and Nissan making the same choice.{{Cite web |last=Bureau |first=BL Chennai |date=3 August 2022 |title=Cargill opens new headquarters at Gurugram |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/agri-business/cargill-opens-new-headquarters-at-gurugram/article65721645.ece |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=www.thehindubusinessline.com |language=en |archive-date=23 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423164516/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/agri-business/cargill-opens-new-headquarters-at-gurugram/article65721645.ece |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=HT Auto |date=30 May 2022 |title=Nissan Motor India now has its new headquarter in Gurugram |url=https://auto.hindustantimes.com/auto/news/nissan-motor-india-now-has-its-new-headquarter-in-gurugram-41653892798114.html |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=HT Auto |language=en |archive-date=23 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423164517/https://auto.hindustantimes.com/auto/news/nissan-motor-india-now-has-its-new-headquarter-in-gurugram-41653892798114.html |url-status=live }} Major Indian airlines like Air India,{{cite web|url=https://www.airindia.com/in/en/corporate-information.html|title=Corporate Information|publisher=Air India|access-date=30 July 2024|quote=Registered Office Address: Block-4, Vatika One on One, Sector-16, NH-48 Industrial Estate, Gurugram HR 122007 INDIA}} IndiGo,{{cite web|url=https://www.goindigo.in/contact-us.html|title=Contact Us|publisher=IndiGo|access-date=30 July 2024|quote=Third floor, Emaar Capital Tower 2, Mehrauli - Gurgaon Road, Gurugram, Haryana – 122002}} SpiceJet,{{cite web|url=https://corporate.spicejet.com/contactusinv.aspx|title=Contact Us|publisher=SpiceJet|access-date=30 July 2024|quote=[bottom of the page] Registered Office: SpiceJet Ltd, 319, Udyog Vihar, Phase IV, Gurgaon, Haryana - 122016}} and Air India Express{{Cite web |title=Air India Express |url=https://www.airindiaexpress.com/about-us#:~:text=The%20Vatika%20One%20on%20One,headquarters%20of%20Air%20India%20Express. |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=AirAsia India |language=en}} have their global headquarters in the city, making it the largest civil aviation hub of India.

All the major companies in the city depend on their own backup, given the fact that Gurgaon does not have a reliable power and water supply, public transport or utilities.{{citation needed|date=September 2024}} OMC Power is a distributed energy company headquartered in Gurgaon.{{cite news |last1=Guay |first1=Justin |date=23 October 2014 |title=Millions in New Investment Cap Record Year for Beyond the Grid Solar Markets |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/millions-in-new-investment-cap-record-year-for-beyond-the-grid-solar-markets_b_6036928 |work=HuffPost |access-date=28 September 2024}}

Retail is an important industry in Gurgaon, with the presence of 26 shopping malls.{{cite web|title=Gurgaon as IT outsourcing hub|url=http://amitarun.com/article_details.php?id=43|publisher=Amit Arun and Associates|access-date=5 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110092422/http://amitarun.com/article_details.php?id=43|archive-date=10 January 2014|url-status=live}}

Gurgaon is governed by the Municipal Corporation of Gurugram, which follows a mayor-council system.{{cite news|last=Joseph|first=Joel|title=Gurgaon gets first mayor after month's wait|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Gurgaon-gets-first-mayor-after-months-wait/articleshow/8943807.cms|access-date=5 October 2013|date=22 June 2011|agency=TNN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217224313/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-22/gurgaon/29689323_1_mayoral-poll-deputy-mayor-inld|archive-date=17 December 2013|newspaper=The Times of India|url-status=live}} In 2017, the GMDA (Gurugram Metropolitan Development Authority) was formed, which looks after the city's infrastructure.

As per the authorities, the following is the key crime data of Gurgaon for 2022:{{cite news |title=Gurgaon in crime: The year that was |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/gurgaon-the-year-in-crime-8352893/ |access-date=12 March 2023 |agency=Express News Service |issue=New Delhi |publisher=The Indian Express (P) Ltd |date=31 December 2022 |archive-date=12 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312081921/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/gurgaon-the-year-in-crime-8352893/ |url-status=live }}

The police department in Gurgaon is headed by the Commissioner of Police - Gurgaon Police, which forms a part of the Haryana Police{{cite web|title=Gurgaon Police|url=http://gurgaon.haryanapolice.gov.in/index.htm|publisher=Gurgaon Police, Govt. of Haryana.|access-date=24 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029195043/http://gurgaon.haryanapolice.gov.in/index.htm|archive-date=29 October 2013|url-status=live}} and reports to the Haryana state government. Gurgaon Police has a separate traffic police department headquartered in sector 51.{{cite web|title=Gurgaon police|url=http://gurgaon.haryanapolice.gov.in/overview-traffic.htm|publisher=Gurgaon Police, Govt. of Haryana.|access-date=24 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022030838/http://gurgaon.haryanapolice.gov.in/overview-traffic.htm|archive-date=22 October 2013|url-status=live}} Fire protection within the city limits is provided by Municipal Corporation of Gurugram through four fire stations, located in sector 29, sector 37, Udyog Vihar and Bhim Nagar.{{cite news|title=Gurgaon's fourth fire station opens in Udyog Vihar|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Gurgaons-fourth-fire-station-opens-in-Udyog-Vihar/articleshow/12682156.cms|access-date=24 October 2013|date=16 April 2012|agency=TNN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029195213/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-16/gurgaon/31349168_1_fire-station-fire-tenders-udyog-vihar|archive-date=29 October 2013|newspaper=The Times of India|url-status=live}}

In 2018, the first cyber police station was inaugurated in the city. As per the authorities, around 1,500 complaints related to cybercrime, including cyber fraud, online banking fraud, cheating through bank cards, social media complaints & data theft, are received every month. Due to a shortage of in-house cyber experts, the police largely outsource such cases to external organisations.{{cite news |last1=Dhankhar |first1=Leena |title=Gurugram police to use volunteer cyber experts to probe fraud cases |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/gurugram-news/gurugram-police-to-use-volunteer-cyber-experts-to-probe-fraud-cases-101676579024222.html |access-date=11 March 2023 |agency=Hindustan Times |issue=New Delhi |publisher=Hindustan Times |date=17 February 2023 |archive-date=11 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311173725/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/gurugram-news/gurugram-police-to-use-volunteer-cyber-experts-to-probe-fraud-cases-101676579024222.html |url-status=live }}

{{See also|List of educational institutions in Gurgaon}}

File:Itmfront.jpg|alt=|left]]

The city's public school system is managed by the government of Haryana and administered by Haryana Board of School Education. There are other schools affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education, Indian Certificate of Secondary Education and International Baccalaureate boards. Key schools in the city include Alpine Convent School, Ambience Public School, Amity International School, Blue Bells Model School, Delhi Public School, Gems International School, Gurugram Public School, Heritage Xperiential Learning School, K R Mangalam World School, Lancers International School, MatriKiran, Ryan International School, SCR Public School, Shalom Hills International School, The Shri Ram School and Vega Schools.

File:National Brain Research Centre (Gurgaon, Haraya, India).jpg]]

There are several universities and institutes, offering bachelor's, master's, doctorate and other programs, located in Gurgaon and the surrounding area, including Gurugram University, Sushant University, NorthCap University, GD Goenka University, K.R. Mangalam University, Amity University, Management Development Institute, Great Lakes Institute of Management, Infinity Business School, BML Munjal University, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University.{{cite web|title=Universities & Colleges|url=http://www.ugc.ac.in/privateuniversitylist.aspx?id=8&Unitype=3|publisher=University Grants Commission|access-date=11 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130802035806/http://www.ugc.ac.in/privateuniversitylist.aspx?id=8&Unitype=3|archive-date=2 August 2013|url-status=live}}

The major highway that links Gurgaon is National Highway 48, the road that runs from Delhi to Mumbai. While the {{convert|27.7|km|adj=on}} Delhi-Gurgaon border-Kherki Dhaula stretch has been developed as the Delhi–Gurgaon Expressway, the rest is expanded to six lanes.{{cite news|last=Dash|first=Dipak Kumar|title=NH48 stretch on Delhi-Gurgaon border is India's deadliest road|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/NH8-stretch-on-Delhi-Gurgaon-border-is-Indias-deadliest-road/articleshow/17513030.cms|access-date=11 October 2013|date=7 December 2012|agency=TNN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302090409/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-12-07/india/35669578_1_border-kherki-delhi-gurgaon-gurgaon-section|archive-date=2 March 2013|newspaper=The Times of India|url-status=live}}

Gurgaon railway station is operated by Northern Railway of Indian Railways. The rail station forms a part of the larger Indian Railways network. Along with that, Gurgaon has Tajnagar railway station, Dhankot railway station, Ghari Harsaru Railway Junction and Farrukhnagar Railway Station, Patli Railway Station. Under Modernisation of Railway Stations, Indian Railways is modernising four railway stations in Gurgaon. Gurgaon railway station, Ghari Harsaru Railway Junction and Farrukhnagar Railway Station will be developed and modernised with modern amenities and international facilities.

There are five stations served by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation. located on the Yellow Line, which are Millennium City Centre, IFFCO Chowk, MG Road, Sikanderpur and Guru Droncharya.

There are plans to extend metro coverage in future.{{Cite news |title=Gurugram Metro Rail project: Cost, total length, stations, and other details |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/gurugram-metro-rail-project-cost-total-length-total-stations/articleshow/107753403.cms |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |date=16 February 2024 |access-date=17 September 2024}}

The Rapid Metro has eleven stations in Gurgaon, with an interchange with Yellow Line of Delhi Metro at Sikanderpur metro station. The Rapid Metro became operational in November 2013 and currently covers a distance of {{convert|11.7|km}}.{{cite news |last=Joseph |first=Joel |title=From tomorrow, Gurgaon will finally have its Rapid Metro |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/From-tomorrow-Gurgaon-will-finally-have-its-Rapid-Metro/articleshow/25662274.cms |access-date=13 November 2013 |newspaper=The Times of India |date=13 November 2013 |agency=TNN |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112211514/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/From-tomorrow-Gurgaon-will-finally-have-its-Rapid-Metro/articleshow/25662274.cms |archive-date=12 November 2013 |url-status=live}} One more phase of the project is in the pipeline and would take the total number of subway stations in the city to 16. An estimated 33,000 people ride the Rapid Metro every day, which provides an exclusive elevated transit service with three coach trains that run in a loop.{{cite news|last1=ASHOK|first1=SOWMIYA|title=Are Gurgaon residents game for a smooth ride on the Rapid Metro?|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/are-gurgaon-residents-game-for-a-smooth-ride-on-the-rapid-metro/article6118735.ece|access-date=18 June 2014|work=The Hindu|date=16 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620053451/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/are-gurgaon-residents-game-for-a-smooth-ride-on-the-rapid-metro/article6118735.ece|archive-date=20 June 2014|url-status=live}}

Gurgaon is served by Delhi's Indira Gandhi International Airport, which is located just outside of Gurgaon city limits near National Highway 8.{{Cite web |last=Behl |first=Abhishek |date=24 March 2017 |title=Coming soon: A tunnel to connect Dwarka expressway with Delhi airport |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/coming-soon-a-tunnel-to-connect-dwarka-expressway-with-delhi-airport/story-t88u98aNp1utR8suI8CWtO.html |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=12 September 2024}}

In November 2013, Gurgaon launched an Ciclovia-inspired initiative known as Raahgiri Day—in which a corridor of streets is closed to motor vehicle traffic on Sunday mornings to encourage the use of non-motorized transport and participation in outdoor leisure activities. Gurgaon was the first city in India to implement such a program, followed by New Delhi, and later Noida.{{cite news|title=New area in Gurgaon to have 'Raahgiri Day'|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/new-area-in-gurgaon-to-have-raahgiri-day-114022700947_1.html|access-date=17 March 2014|newspaper=Business Standard|date=27 February 2014|agency=IANS|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140317181624/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/new-area-in-gurgaon-to-have-raahgiri-day-114022700947_1.html|archive-date=17 March 2014|url-status=live}}{{cite news|last1=fwire|title=New area in Gurgaon to have 'Raahgiri Day'|url=http://www.firstpost.com/fwire/new-area-in-gurgaon-to-have-raahgiri-day-1411729.html|access-date=28 November 2014|agency=IANS|publisher=Firstpost|date=27 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924120444/http://www.firstpost.com/fwire/new-area-in-gurgaon-to-have-raahgiri-day-1411729.html|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=Raahgiri: Less honking, more bonding — How Gurgaon showed the way|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Raahgiri-Less-honking-more-bonding-How-Gurgaon-showed-the-way/articleshow/51468982.cms|access-date=15 April 2016|work=The Times of India|date=19 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322210643/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Raahgiri-Less-honking-more-bonding-How-Gurgaon-showed-the-way/articleshow/51468982.cms|archive-date=22 March 2016|url-status=live}}

Gurgaon is also expected to get India's first pod taxis.{{cite news|title=India's First Pod Taxis Are Coming Up In Gurgaon And The Rs 850 Crore Project Begins Next Month|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/news/world/india-s-first-pod-taxis-are-coming-up-in-gurgaon-and-the-rs-850-crore-project-begins-next-month-258249.html|access-date=12 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220211712/http://www.indiatimes.com/news/world/india-s-first-pod-taxis-are-coming-up-in-gurgaon-and-the-rs-850-crore-project-begins-next-month-258249.html|archive-date=20 December 2016|url-status=live}}

File:Delhi Gurgaon Toll Gate.jpg|Toll gate of the Delhi Gurgaon Expressway

File:Gurgaon Rapid Metro.jpg|The Gurgaon Rapid Metro serves the city of Gurgaon.

File:HUDA City Center (Delhi Metro).jpg|Millennium City Centre metro station on the Yellow Line of Delhi Metro

File:HR-FDB-Volvo.jpg|Haryana Roadways operates buses on intercity routes in the city.

Electricity in Gurgaon is provided by the government-owned Dakshin Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam. Gurgaon has a power consumer base of 360,000 with an average power load of 700-800 MW.{{cite news |title= Essar withdraws application for distribution licence in Gurgaon |url= http://profit.ndtv.com/news/industries/article-essar-withdraws-application-for-distribution-licence-in-gurgaon-370169 |access-date= 25 October 2013 |date= 22 October 2013 |agency= PTI |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131026153948/http://profit.ndtv.com/news/industries/article-essar-withdraws-application-for-distribution-licence-in-gurgaon-370169 |archive-date= 26 October 2013 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all}} There are frequent power outages in the city, especially during the peak consumption season of summer. Apart from the power deficit, the equipment used by the power department like transformers, panels and transmission lines are either old or overburdened.{{cite news |title= Night-long outage in Old Gurgaon as transformer trips on demand |url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Night-long-outage-in-Old-Gurgaon-as-transformer-trips-on-demand/articleshow/35530345.cms |access-date= 10 June 2014 |agency= TNN |work= The Times of India |date= 24 May 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140603142836/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Night-long-outage-in-Old-Gurgaon-as-transformer-trips-on-demand/articleshow/35530345.cms |archive-date= 3 June 2014 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all}}

Gurgaon is infamous for its toxic workculture and abusive work culture, even compared to other cities such as Bangalore, Pune and Navi Mumbai where workculture is far better.{{cite news |last1=Behl |first1=Abhishek |date=23 December 2015 |title=Workplace harassment in Gurgaon massively underreported: Experts |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/workplace-harassment-massively-underreported-experts/story-0pU5do4IjEjQON7RtLD0bJ.html |work=Hindustant Times |access-date=1 February 2025}}

Gurgaon is notorious for its urban floods every monsoon.{{Cite news|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/haryana/dont-travel-to-water-logged-gurugram-police-advises-delhiites-heavy-traffic-jam-on-delhi-jaipur-highway_1912850.html|title=Traffic nightmare in Gurgaon; waterlogging on NH8 hits Delhi-Jaipur route, schools shut|date=29 July 2016|access-date=16 February 2017|language=en|newspaper=Zee News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216143047/http://zeenews.india.com/news/haryana/dont-travel-to-water-logged-gurugram-police-advises-delhiites-heavy-traffic-jam-on-delhi-jaipur-highway_1912850.html|archive-date=16 February 2017|url-status=live}} The areas on NH-8 around Hero Honda Chowk, Basai, Dhankot, sector 37 etc. see massive urban floods and headlines grabbing traffic jams reported widely in news media. A recent research report puts the blame on the broken natural water body linkage and obstructions in the flow in the city due to frantic construction during the last decades.{{Cite news|url=https://ballotboxindia.com/ap/gurgaon-floods/5182049549/|title=Why Gurgaon Floods, a report on watershed management and imminent dangers the city faces.|date=11 July 2016|access-date=16 February 2017|language=hi|newspaper=Why Gurgaon Floods, a report on watershed management and imminent dangers the city faces.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216134338/https://ballotboxindia.com/ap/gurgaon-floods/5182049549/|archive-date=16 February 2017|url-status=live}} The HUDA master drainage lines get choked or burst at the seams. Disruptions in the hydrological flow of natural drains and limited drainage capacity are all primary reasons for the floods.

Gurgaon's Ghata Jheel, Badshahpur Jheel, Khandsa Talab were linked to Najafgarh drain which links to Yamuna river, via natural water channels and drains.

As per the ground reports and research, the three natural water bodies are struggling for their existence with encroachments on their lands and natural channels. Agencies responsible have tried to create artificial water bodies to compensate, but the efforts fail due to unpredictable rain and water flow patterns leading to deployment of water pumps to fight the situation.{{Cite web|author=Bagish Jha|date=30 March 2016|title=Huda to speed up construction of additional discharge drain under service road of NH-8 {{!}} Gurgaon News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/huda-to-speed-up-construction-of-additional-discharge-drain-under-service-road-of-nh-8/articleshow/51617586.cms|access-date=17 September 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=17 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917041541/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/huda-to-speed-up-construction-of-additional-discharge-drain-under-service-road-of-nh-8/articleshow/51617586.cms|url-status=live}}

In 2012 Punjab & Haryana High court banned ground water usage for construction activity,{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/gurgaon-builders-left-high-and-dry/1/208705.html|title=Gurgaon builders left high and dry|access-date=16 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216140412/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/gurgaon-builders-left-high-and-dry/1/208705.html|archive-date=16 February 2017|url-status=live}} and NGT has recently reprimanded authorities for drain concretisation.{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/ngt-seeks-report-on-drawbacks-and-impact-of-concretization-of-natural-drains/story-PuuS2lJHU4JZhmoRWr93PP.html|title=NGT seeks report on drawbacks and impact of concretization of natural drains|date=1 February 2017|access-date=16 February 2017|language=en|newspaper=Hindustan Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216130425/http://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/ngt-seeks-report-on-drawbacks-and-impact-of-concretization-of-natural-drains/story-PuuS2lJHU4JZhmoRWr93PP.html|archive-date=16 February 2017|url-status=live}}

• K D Singh Foundation
• National Capital Region
• New Gurgaon
• Largest Indian cities by GDP

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