:Hiran, Somalia

Hiran is bordered by the Somali Region of Ethiopia (or the 1908 Convention Line)See Ciid page for sources) to the northwest, the Somali provinces of Galgudud to the northeast, Middle Shebelle (Shabeellaha Dhexe) to the south, Lower Shebelle (Shabellaha Hoose) to the southwest, and Bay and Bakool to the west. It is approximately 31,510 km².{{Cite news |title=La Somalia: una storia tormentata, tra colonialismo e abbandono |newspaper=totapulchra.news |date=2020-05-27 |url=https://totapulchra.news/somalia/ |accessdate=2022-12-17 }} The Shebelle River flows into Hiran from Ethiopia, coursing through the provincial capital of Beledweyne.

According to the Somalia government's classification, Hiran Region consists of three districts:{{cite web|title=Hiran Region|url=https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/121024_Administrative_Map_Hiraan_A4.pdf|access-date=30 January 2014}}

1. Beledweyne District
2. Buloburde District
3. Jalalaqsi District
4. Buq Aqable District
5. Mataban District
6. Mahas District

In May 2012, Governor Hiran appointed new governors for Mahas and Mataban Districts.{{Cite news |title=Golaha Deegaanka Magaalada Beledweyne oo doortay Duqa Degmada |newspaper=hiiraan.com |date=2012-05-07 |url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2012/may/wararka_maanta7-17903.htm |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In August 2017, the Hirshabelle State, inaugurated the previous year, declared that where Hiran had previously had five districts, Beledweyne, Buloburde, Mahas, Jalalaqsi, and Mataban, it would have three new districts, Halgan, El Ali, Far- Libaax, bringing the number of districts to eight.{{Cite news |title=Degmooyin cusub oo la magacaabay gobolka Hiiraan |newspaper=hiiraan.com |date=2017-08-01 |url=https://hiiraan.com/news/2017/aug/wararka_maanta1-142186.htm |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

• Nile university
• [https://www.greenhopeuniversity.edu.so/ Green-Hope University]

Nabadoon Dacar Xirsi Nuur

Somalia's civil war started around 1990. Since 1994, the Sharia law has been increasingly applied in Hiran.{{Cite web |author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs |date=October 1998

|url=https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/46700fa92.pdf |title=Situation in Somalia / October 1998 |accessdate=2023-01-29}}{{rp|20}}

In June 1995, Mohamed Farrah Aidid declared himself president of Somalia and attempted to rule Hiran, but was ousted by local clans in late 1995.{{rp|8}}

According to a 1998 report, Hiran is considered a relatively stable region within Somalia. However, banditry has flourished in the past. The governor lives in Beledweyne, and the use of militias has reduced the incidence of fighting, with the exception of Mataban District.{{rp|14}}

In June 1999, flooding in south-central Somalia caused extensive damage in Hiran.{{Cite news |title=Les agences humanitaires au secours des victimes des inondations |newspaper=thenewhumanitarian.org |date=1999-06-15 |url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/fr/report/69731/afrique-les-agences-humanitaires-au-secours-des-victimes-des-inondations |accessdate= 2023-01-29}}

In November 2001, the Quran School was attacked by an armed group, killing 18 students.{{Cite news |title=Horn of Africa Review Nov/Dec 2001 |newspaper=reliefweb.int |date=2001-12-21 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/djibouti/horn-africa-review-novdec-2001 |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In August 2006, the Xawaadle and Murusade clans, who had been fighting in the Maxaas of Hiran, reconciled.{{Cite news |title=

Beelaha Xawaadle iyo Murusade oo ka heshiiyay Colaad dhexmartay kadib muddo 66 sano oo ay nabad ku wada noolaayeen |newspaper=hiiraan.com |date=2006-08-09 |url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2006/aug/saxiix_heshiis.html |accessdate=2023-01-29 }} However, the agreement was violated and the conflict resumed, so a peace conference was held again in October 2007.{{Cite news |title=Shirkii Dib u heshiisiinta Beelaha Xawaadle iyo Murusade oo la soo gebagebeeyay |newspaper=hiiraan.com |date=2007-10-15 |url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2007/oct/wararka_maanta15-2108.htm |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In November 2007, militants attacked government forces near Beledweyne in Hiran.{{Cite news |title=Weerar ka dhacay gobolka Hiiraan |newspaper=bbc.com |date=2007-11-30 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/news/story/2007/11/071130_kalabeyr |accessdate=2023-01-29 }} In January 2008, militants attacked an Ethiopian military base near Beledweyne.{{Cite news |title=Dagaal culus oo ka dhacay Hiiraan |newspaper=bbc.com |date=2008-01-24 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/news/story/2008/01/080124_hiiraan |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In September 2010, the establishment of a local government called Dooxada Shabeelle was proclaimed in Kalabayr, Hiran, led by C/fataax Xasan Afrax.{{Cite news |title=voasomali.com |newspaper= |date=2010-09-29 |url=https://www.voasomali.com/a/hiiraan-maamul-goboleed-kale-oo-lagu-dhowaaqay-/1250164.html |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In March 2011, a bombing by Al-Shabaab occurred in Beledweyne.{{Cite news |title=Beledweyne: Shabaab Miino la Qaraxday |newspaper=www.voasomali.com |date=2011-03-09 |url=https://www.voasomali.com/a/beledweyne-shabaab-miino-la-qaraxday-117639433/1250815.html |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In December 2011, Ethiopian troops and Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a completely retook the city of Baladweyne from al-Shabaab.{{Cite news |title=Baladweyne oo laga caydhiyey Al-Shabaab iyo khasaaraha ka dhashay dagaalka |newspaper=berberanews.net |date=2011-12-31 |url=https://www.berberanews.net/2011/12/31/baladweyne-oo-laga-caydhiyey-al-shabaab-iyo-khasaaraha-ka-dhashay-dagaalka/ |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In May 2013, Governor Hiran decided to send deserter soldiers from al-Shabaab who are hiding, and asked the local population for help in sending them to rehabilitation facilities.{{Cite news |title=Guddoomiyaha Gobolka Hiiraan oo sheegay inay qorshe u dajiyeen dhallinta kasoo goostay Xarakada Al-shabaab |newspaper=www.hiiraan.com |date=2013-05-04 |url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2013/may/wararka_maanta4-21819.htm |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In November 2013, a disease outbreak killed 40 people in Ceel-Cali, Hiran.{{Cite news |title=Cudur Dad ku Laayey Gobolka Hiiraan |newspaper=voasomali.com |date=2013-11-26 |url=https://www.voasomali.com/a/1798063.html |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In March 2014, Hiran's executive government asked foreign charities for help, saying that healthcare was in crisis after the withdrawal of a Swiss hospital last year.{{Cite news |title=Maamulka Gobolka Hiiraan oo baaq u jeediyay hay'adaha Samafalka |newspaper=hiiraan.com |date=2014-03-06 |url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news/2014/mar/wararka_maanta6-45546.htm |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In October 2014, the AMISOM base in Hiran was attacked.{{Cite news |title=UN Special Representative for Somalia condemns attack on AMISOM troops in Hiiraan region |newspaper=reliefweb.int |date=2014-10-20 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/un-special-representative-somalia-condemns-attack-amisom-troops-hiiraan-region-enso-0 |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In May 2015, at a meeting in Beledweyne, a proposal was made to divide Hiran into two regions.{{Cite news |title=Xabeeb: Waxaan dooneynaa Hiiraan oo laba gobol ah |newspaper=bbc.com |date=2015-05-24 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/maqal_iyo_muuqaal/2015/05/150524_shirka_hiiraan |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In December 2015, the Somali government replaced Governor Hiran for his involvement in the murders in Beledweyne.{{Cite news |title=Gudoomiya loo soo magacaabay gobolka Hiiraan |newspaper=garoweonline.com |date=2015-12-20 |url=https://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/gudoomiya-loo-soo-magacaabay-gobolka-hiiraan |accessdate=2023-01-29 }} In the same month, the Somali President visits Beledweyne.{{Cite news |title=Madaxweyne Xasan Oo Booqanaya Hiiraan |newspaper=voasomali.com |date=2015-12-21 |url=https://www.voasomali.com/a/madaxweyne-xasan-oo-booqanaya-hiiraan/3111748.html |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In January 2016, three people were killed in a clan war in Hiran.{{Cite news |title=Dagaal sanadka cusub ka dhacay gobolka Hiiraan |newspaper=bbc.com |date=2016-01-01 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/maqal_iyo_muuqaal/2016/01/160101_hiiraan |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In August 2016, Somalia's interior minister rejected a local request to divide Hiran into two regions.{{Cite news |title=Wasiir Odawaa: Gobolka Hiiraan labo Gobol lagama dhigi karo |newspaper=universaltvsomali.net |date=2016-08-07 |url=https://www.universaltvsomali.net/topics/news/somali/13764 |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In October 2016, Somali government and Ethiopian troops withdrew from the Halgan District of Hiran and were replaced by al-Shabaab.{{Cite news |title=Maleeshiyada Al-Shabaab oo la wareegay deegaanka Halgan ee gobolka Hiiraan kadib markii ay ka baxeen ciidamada Itoobiya |newspaper=puntlandmirror.net |date=2016-10-23 |url=https://puntlandmirror.net/maleeshiyada-al-shabaab-oo-la-wareegay-deegaanka-halgan-ee-gobolka-hiiraan-kadib-markii-ay-ka-baxeen-ciidamada-itoobiya/ |accessdate=2023-01-29 }} The withdrawal of Ethiopian troops is reportedly related to a state of emergency declaration issued in response to anti-government protests in Ethiopia.{{Cite news |title=Maxay Ethiopia Uga Baxday Deegaano ka tirsan Hiiraan? |newspaper=voasomali.com |date=2016-10-12 |url=https://www.voasomali.com/a/3547280.html |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In December 2016, Governor Hiran destroyed more than 50 charcoal burning facilities in Mataban District to prevent illegal logging and arrested more than 20 people.{{Cite news |title=Hiiraan: Dad loo xirxiray xaallufin |newspaper=bbc.com |date=2016-12-12 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-38284776 |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In November 2017, the Hiran government declared a halt to the use of Somali shillings because villages controlled by al-Shabaab refused to accept high denomination 1,000 Somali shilling bills and because of the influx of counterfeit bills from Puntland, which caused massive inflation. United States dollars were to be used for transactions.{{Cite news |title=Deegaanno ka tirsan Hiiraan oo laga joojiyay isticmaalka shilin Soomaaliga |newspaper=bbc.com |date=2017-11-29 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-42161249 |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In October 2019, Beledweyne was severely damaged by the flooding of the Jubba and Shebelle Rivers.{{Cite news |title=Floods Leave Hundreds of Thousands of Somalis Needing Aid |newspaper=Voice of America |date=2019-10-31 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_floods-leave-hundreds-thousands-somalis-needing-aid/6178629.html |access-date=2023-01-29 }} In November 2019, the African Union Commission assisted flooded Beledweyne with $87,000 worth of relief supplies.{{Cite news |title=The AU Commission to support flood-hit Beledweyne with $87,000 worth of relief items |newspaper=reliefweb.int |date=2019-11-23 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/au-commission-support-flood-hit-beledweyne-87000-worth-relief-items |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

In March 2020, President Mohamed Abdi Ware of Hirshabelle State dismisses Hiran Governor Ali Mohamed Arale and reappoints his predecessor Ali Jeyte Osman, but Arale refuses.

In June 2022, a clan attacked the al-Shabaab base in Booco.{{Cite news |title=Macawiisleyda Hiiraan: Qabiil weeraray saldhig Al-Shabaab si uu ugu aargudo nabaddoon laga dilay |newspaper=bbc.com |date=2022-01-01 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-61665985 |accessdate=2023-01-29 }}

{{Reflist}}

• [https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/121024_Administrative_Map_Hiraan_A4.pdf Administrative map of Hiran]
• [http://www.maplandia.com/somalia/hiiran/ "Hiiran Google Satellite Map"] Maplandia World Gazetteer

{{Somalia Regions}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Regions of Somalia