:en:Max von Sydow

Carl Adolf von Sydow was born on 10 April 1929 in Lund, Sweden.{{cite web |last=Berkvist |first=Robert |date=9 March 2020 |title=Max von Sydow, Star of 'Seventh Seal' and 'Exorcist', Dies at 90 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/09/movies/max-von-sydow-dead.html?action=click&module=News&pgtype=Homepage |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=9 March 2020}} His father, Carl Wilhelm von Sydow, was an ethnologist and professor of folkloristics at Lund University.{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sYUOAQAAMAAJ&q=Greta+Rappe+sydow |title=The Swedish–American Historical Quarterly |publisher=Swedish Pioneer Historical Society |date=1996 |page=110 |access-date=6 October 2013}}{{cite book |last=Dundes |first=Alan |date=1999 |title=International Folkloristics: Classic Contributions by the Founders of Folklore |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jQ6bGz4qmWsC&pg=PA137 |page=137 |location=USA |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. |isbn=0-8476-9515-8 |access-date=14 July 2015}} His mother, Baroness Maria Margareta Rappe, was a schoolteacher.{{cite web |url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/16/Max-von-Sydow.html |title=Max von Sydow |work=FilmReference.com}}{{cite web |last=Saad |first=Nardine |date=9 March 2020 |title=Max von Sydow, Swedish star of Bergman films, 'The Exorcist,' dies at 90 |url=https://www.latimes.com/obituaries/story/2020-03-09/max-von-sydow-dead |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=9 March 2020}} Sydow was of part-German ancestry. A paternal ancestor, David Sydow ("von" or "Von" was added later to the family name), emigrated from Pomerania to the Kalmar region in 1724. His mother was also of part-Pomeranian descent.{{cite book |last=Johnsson |first=Daniel |date=2015 |title=Vimmerby stads historia: 1350-1799 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jZO6BwAAQBAJ&q=max+von+sydow |publisher=BoD - Books on Demand |pages=129 |isbn=9789174635812 |language=sv}}{{cite web |date=9 March 2020 |title=Filmstar Max von Sydow mit 90 Jahren gestorben |url=https://www.afp.com/de/nachrichten/18/filmstar-max-von-sydow-mit-90-jahren-gestorben-doc-1pq3597 |newspaper=Agence France-Presse |language=de |access-date=9 March 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200309145116/https://www.afp.com/de/nachrichten/18/filmstar-max-von-sydow-mit-90-jahren-gestorben-doc-1pq3597 |archive-date= 9 March 2020}} Sydow was raised as a Lutheran, but became an agnostic in the 1970s.{{cite web |title=The Face of the Actor (Reprint) |url=http://bergmanorama.webs.com/repertory/von_sydow_ff76.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717041356/http://bergmanorama.webs.com/repertory/von_sydow_ff76.htm |archive-date=17 July 2012 |first=Gordon |last=Gow |work=Films and Filming |year=1976 |access-date=16 December 2009}}

Sydow attended Lund Cathedral School, where he learned English at an early age. Originally expected to pursue a career in law, he became interested in acting after seeing a production of A Midsummer Night's Dream during a class trip to Malmö,{{cite web |last=Bernstein |first=Adam |date=9 March 2020 |title=Max von Sydow, brooding star of Ingmar Bergman's torment-ridden dramas, dies at 90 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/max-von-sydow-brooding-star-of-ingmar-bergmans-torment-ridden-dramas-dies-at-90/2020/03/09/14a7af2a-6203-11ea-845d-e35b0234b136_story.html |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=10 March 2020}}{{cite web |last=Hadadi |first=Roxana |date= 10 March 2020 |title=Max von Sydow: 1929-2020 |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/balder-and-dash/max-von-sydow-1929-2020 |newspaper=RogerEbert.com |access-date=10 March 2020}} which prompted him to establish an amateur theatrical group along with his friends back at school.

Sydow served for two years in the Swedish Army with the Army Quartermaster Corps, where he adopted the name "Max" from the star performer of a flea circus he saw.{{cite web |last1=Byrge |first1=Duane |date=9 March 2020 |title=Max von Sydow, Star of 'The Seventh Seal' and 'The Exorcist', Dies at 90 |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/max-von-sydow-dead-seventh-seal-exorcist-actor-was-90-992680 |newspaper=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=9 March 2020}} After completing his service, Sydow studied at the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm where he trained between 1948 and 1951. During his time at the Royal Dramatic Theatre, he helped start a theatre group, of which actress Ingrid Thulin was a member. He made his stage debut in a small part in the Goethe play Egmont, which he considered "almost a disaster," but received good reviews for his performance.

File:Mats Johansson 1961 (cropped).jpg

While at the Royal Dramatic Theatre, Sydow made his screen debuts in Alf Sjöberg's films Only a Mother ({{lang|sv|Bara en mor}}, 1949) and Miss Julie ({{lang|sv|Fröken Julie}}, 1951). In 1951, Sydow joined the Norrköping-Linköping Municipal Theatre, appearing in nine plays including Peer Gynt. In 1953, he moved on to the City Theatre in Hälsingborg (Helsingborg), playing eleven parts in a two-year stint, including Prospero in The Tempest and the title role of the Pirandello play Henry IV.{{cite news |date=9 March 2020 |title=Max von Sydow, actor who played chess with Death in 'The Seventh Seal' – obituary |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2020/03/09/max-von-sydow-actor-played-chess-death-seventh-seal-obituary/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2020/03/09/max-von-sydow-actor-played-chess-death-seventh-seal-obituary/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=9 March 2020}}{{cbignore}} Sydow's theatrical work won him critical recognition, and in 1954 he received the Royal Foundation of Sweden's Cultural Award, a grant to young, promising actors.

In 1955, Sydow moved to Malmö and joined the Malmö City Theatre, whose chief director at the time was Ingmar Bergman. Sydow had previously sought to play a small part in Bergman's Prison ({{lang|sv|Fängelse}}, 1949), but the director rejected the proposition.{{cite web |last=Parkinson |first=David |date=10 April 2017 |title=Max von Sydow: 10 essential films |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/max-von-sydow-10-essential-films |publisher=British Film Institute |access-date=9 March 2020}} Bergman and Sydow's first film was The Seventh Seal ({{lang|sv|Det sjunde inseglet}}, 1957), in which Sydow portrayed Antonius Block, a disillusioned 14th-century knight returning from the Crusades to a plague-stricken Sweden.{{cite web |last=Bergan |first=Ronald |date= 9 March 2020 |title=Max von Sydow obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/mar/09/max-von-sydow-obituary |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=9 March 2020}} The scene of his character playing a game of chess with Death has come to be regarded as an iconic moment in cinema. Sydow went on to appear in a total of 11 Bergman films.{{cite web |last=French |first=Philip |title=Philip French's screen legends: No 3: Max von Sydow 1929– |work=The Observer |date=10 February 2008 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2008/feb/10/art|access-date=9 March 2020}} In The Magician ({{lang|sv|Ansiktet}}, 1958), Sydow starred as Vogler, a 19th-century traveling illusionist who remains silent for most of the film. In The Virgin Spring ({{lang|sv|Jungfrukällan}}, 1960), he played a medieval landowner who takes vengeance on the men who raped and murdered his daughter. In Through a Glass Darkly ({{lang|sv|Såsom i en spegel}}, 1961), he portrayed the husband of a schizophrenic woman, played by Harriet Andersson. During this period, he also had roles in films including Wild Strawberries ({{lang|sv|Smultronstället}}, 1957), Brink of Life ({{lang|sv|Nära livet}}, 1958) and Winter Light ({{lang|sv|Nattvardsgästerna}}, 1963). Films starring Sydow were submitted by Sweden for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in five out of six years between 1957 and 1962.{{citation needed|date=March 2020}} Under Bergman, Sydow also continued his stage career, playing Brick in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Peer in Peer Gynt, Alceste in The Misanthrope and Faust in Urfaust. In his company were Gunnar Björnstrand, Ingrid Thulin, Bibi Andersson and Gunnel Lindblom, all frequent collaborators of Bergman on screen.

File:Sydow Ramel Wolgers 1968.jpg and Beppe Wolgers, 1968]]

Despite his rising profile, Sydow limited his work exclusively to Sweden early in his career, constantly refusing offers to work outside the country. He was first approached at the 1959 Cannes Film Festival to act in U.S. films, but refused the proposition, saying that he was "content in Sweden" and "had no intention of starting an international career".{{cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Robert |date= 10 April 1983 |title=Max von Sydow, Actor Without a Country |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/04/10/arts/max-von-sydow-actor-without-a-country.html |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=9 March 2020}} He also refused the opportunity to play the title role for Dr. No (1962) and Captain von Trapp in The Sound of Music (1965).{{cite news |date=9 March 2020 |title=Max von Sydow, star of The Exorcist and Game of Thrones, dies aged 90 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/2020/03/09/max-von-sydow-star-exorcist-game-thrones-dies-aged-90/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/2020/03/09/max-von-sydow-star-exorcist-game-thrones-dies-aged-90/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=9 March 2020}}{{cbignore}} In 1965, Sydow finally accepted George Stevens's offer and made his international debut, playing Christ in the epic The Greatest Story Ever Told. He accepted the part against the advice of Bergman, spent six months at the University of California, Los Angeles, preparing for the role, and adopted a Mid-Atlantic accent. The film introduced Sydow to a wider audience, but ultimately performed below expectations at the box office. He went on to play a crop-dusting pilot in The Reward (1965) and a fanatic missionary in Hawaii (1966). For his performance in Hawaii, Sydow received his first Golden Globe nomination. To his own frustration, however, Sydow would become frequently cast in villainous roles, such as a neo-Nazi aristocrat in The Quiller Memorandum (1966), a Russian colonel in The Kremlin Letter (1970), a meticulous and elegant international assassin in Three Days of the Condor (1975), Emperor Ming the Merciless in Flash Gordon (1980) and James Bond's nemesis Ernst Stavro Blofeld in Never Say Never Again (1983).

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Sydow was often paired with Liv Ullmann in Bergman films. In 1968's Hour of the Wolf ({{lang|sv|Vargtimmen}}), Sydow played an artist living on an isolated island with his pregnant wife, played by Ullmann.{{cite web |last=Hudson |first=David |date=9 March 2020 |title=The Wide and Deep Range of Max von Sydow |url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6852-the-wide-and-deep-range-of-max-von-sydow | newspaper=Criterion |access-date=10 March 2020}} In the same year, the two appeared in the drama Shame ({{lang|sv|Skammen}}), about a couple (both former musicians) living on a farm on an island during a war. Sydow and Ullmann returned for the 1969 Bergman film The Passion of Anna ({{lang|sv|En passion}}). In 1971 and 1972, Sydow again starred alongside Ullmann in the Jan Troell epic duology, The Emigrants ({{lang|sv|Utvandrarna}}) The New Land ({{lang|sv|Nybyggarna}}), the story of a Swedish peasant family that emigrates to America in the mid-19th century.

In 1971, Sydow starred in The Touch, Bergman's first English-language film, playing a doctor whose wife is having an affair. In 1973, Sydow appeared in one of his most commercially successful films, William Friedkin's The Exorcist (1973). He played Father Lankester Merrin, the film's titular Jesuit priest, which earned him his second Golden Globe nomination. He reprised the role in the film's sequel, Exorcist II: The Heretic (1977). In 1977, Sydow made his Broadway debut alongside Eileen Atkins and Bibi Andersson in Per Olov Enquist's The Night of the Tribades, a play about the writer August Strindberg. In 1981, he starred with Anne Bancroft in the Tom Kempinski play Duet for One about the cellist Jacqueline du Pré. Sydow made his British stage debut at The Old Vic in 1988 as Prospero in The Tempest, a role he had first played in Sweden three decades before.{{cite web |last=Wolf |first=Matt |date=28 May 1988 |title=Swedish Actor Von Sydow Turns to London Stage |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-05-28-ca-3510-story.html | newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=10 March 2020}}

In the 1980s, in addition to Flash Gordon and Never Say Never Again, Sydow appeared in John Milius's Conan the Barbarian (1982), Jan Troell's Flight of the Eagle (1982), Rick Moranis's & Dave Thomas's Strange Brew (1983), David Lynch's Dune (1984) and Woody Allen's Hannah and Her Sisters (1986). In 1985, Sydow was a member of the jury at the 35th Berlin International Film Festival.{{cite web |url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1985/04_jury_1985/04_Jury_1985.html |title=Berlinale: Juries |access-date=8 January 2011 |publisher=Berlin International Film Festival}} In the 1987 Bille August film Pelle the Conqueror, Sydow portrayed an impoverished Swedish labourer who brought his son to Denmark to try to build a better life for themselves. The role won him international acclaim and is often considered one of the best roles in his career. For his performance, Sydow received a Best Actor nomination at the 61st Academy Awards; the film won Best Foreign Language Film as Denmark's official Oscar entry.

File:Max von Sydow & Lars Jacob 1992.jpg in 1992]]

In 1988, Sydow made his only directorial foray with Katinka, a film based on the Herman Bang novel, Ved Vejen. The film won the Guldbagge Awards for Best Film and Best Director but was not widely seen outside Sweden.{{cite news |last=Andrew |first= Nigel |date=9 March 2020 |title=Max von Sydow, actor, 1929-2020 |url=https://www.ft.com/content/cb131bca-6224-11ea-b3f3-fe4680ea68b5 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/cb131bca-6224-11ea-b3f3-fe4680ea68b5 |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription | newspaper=Financial Times |access-date=9 March 2020 }} In 1989, Sydow appeared in the television film Red King, White Knight, for which he received his first Primetime Emmy Award nomination. He also supplied the voice for Vigo the Carpathian in the 1989 film, Ghostbusters II.

Sydow and Bergman did not work together for an extended period. A part in Bergman's Fanny and Alexander (1982) was specifically written for Sydow, but his agent demanded too large a salary. Sydow came to regret missing out on the role. The two did eventually reunite in 1991 with The Best Intentions, directed by Bille August with a script from Bergman. In 1996, Sydow made his final appearance in a Bergman film, Private Confessions, directed by Liv Ullmann and written by Bergman. In 1997, Sydow played Nobel Prize-winning Norwegian novelist and Nazi sympathizer Knut Hamsun in the biopic Hamsun. Throughout the rest of the 1990s, Sydow also appeared in films such as Father (1990), Awakenings (1990), Until the End of the World (1991), Needful Things (1993), Judge Dredd (1995) and Snow Falling on Cedars (1999). For his performance in Father, Sydow won the Australian Film Institute Best Actor Award.{{cite web |url=https://www.aacta.org/aacta-awards/past-awards/range/1990-1999/year/1990/ |title=AFI Past Awards 1990 |publisher=Australian Film Institute |access-date=10 March 2020}}

In 2002, Sydow acted in one of his biggest commercial successes, playing the PreCrime director opposite Tom Cruise in Steven Spielberg's science fiction thriller Minority Report. In 2004, Sydow appeared in a television adaptation of the Ring of the Nibelung saga. The show set ratings records and was later released in the United States as Dark Kingdom: The Dragon King. In 2007, he starred in the box-office hit Rush Hour 3 as one of the antagonists opposite Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker, and played the father of the protagonist in The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, Julian Schnabel's adaptation of the memoir by Jean-Dominique Bauby. In 2009, Sydow appeared in the drama series The Tudors.

File:Max von Sydow (6836497933).jpg

In 2010, Sydow played a sinister German doctor in Martin Scorsese's Shutter Island, and Robin Hood's blind stepfather Sir Walter Loxley in Ridley Scott's Robin Hood. He received his second Academy Award nomination for his performance as a mute elderly renter in Stephen Daldry's Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close (2011), based on the novel by Jonathan Safran Foer.{{cite web |last=Pond |first=Steve |date=28 December 2011 |title=Max von Sydow on Tragedy, Typecasting and 'Emotional Stupidity' |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUS148022762220111228 |publisher=Reuters |access-date=9 March 2020}}

In April 2013, Sydow was honored at the Turner Classic Movie (TCM) Festival in Hollywood, with screenings of two of his classic films, Three Days of the Condor and The Seventh Seal.{{cite web |last=King |first=Susan |date=25 April 2014 |title=Max von Sydow, from Jesus to the evil brewmeister |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-xpm-2013-apr-25-la-et-mn-max-von-sydow-20130425-story.html |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=9 March 2020}}

In March 2014, Sydow provided the voice of an art forger named in The War of Art episode of The Simpsons.{{cite web |title=The War of Art |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3181612/?ref_=nm_flmg_act_7 |website=IMDb.com |publisher=IMDb, Inc. |access-date=1 June 2022}}{{cite web |last1=Ng |first1=David |title='The Simpsons': A lesson in art forgery, with Max von Sydow |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/culture/la-et-cm-the-simpsons-art-forgery-max-von-sydow-20140324-story.html |website=Los Angeles Times |date=24 March 2014 |access-date=1 June 2022}}

In 2015, he played the explorer Lor San Tekka in Star Wars: The Force Awakens. In 2016, he joined the HBO series Game of Thrones as the Three-eyed Raven. For his performance, Sydow received his second Primetime Emmy Award nomination.

In addition to his film and television work, Sydow also made forays into video games. He voiced Esbern, a mentor of the protagonist in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim (2011), and narrated the game's debut trailer.{{cite web |last=Yin-Poole |first= Wesley |date=22 October 2011 |title='TESV: Skyrim voice cast revealed |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2011-09-27-tesv-skyrim-voice-cast-revealed | newspaper=Eurogamer |access-date=9 March 2020 }} He also lent his voice to the 2009 game Ghostbusters: The Video Game and reprised his role as Lor San Tekka in Lego Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2016).{{cite web |last=Ankers |first=Adele |date=9 March 2020 |title=Star Wars, Skyrim Actor Max Von Sydow Dies Aged 90 |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/star-wars-skyrim-actor-max-von-sydow-dies-aged-90 | newspaper=IGN |access-date=9 March 2020 }}

In 2018, Sydow appeared in Thomas Vinterberg's film Kursk, also known as The Command, based on the true story of the Kursk submarine disaster.{{cite web|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/845683-kursk-movie-production|title=Thomas Vinterberg's Kursk movie, now in production, will shoot all over Europe|work=ComingSoon.net|date=8 May 2017|access-date=10 May 2017}}

His final role was in Nicholas Dimitropoulos' war drama Echoes of the Past (2021). He portrayed Nicolas Andreou, one of the last living survivors of the Kalavryta massacre of 1943 committed by Nazi troops during the Axis occupation of Greece.

Max von Sydow married actress Christina Inga Britta Olin in 1951. They had two sons. The couple divorced in 1979. Von Sydow married French documentarian Catherine Brelet in 1997 and adopted Brelet's two adult sons from her previous marriage.

Sydow relocated to Paris following his marriage to Brelet. In 2002, he became a citizen of France, at which time he had to relinquish his Swedish citizenship.{{cite web |title=Han bryter med Sverige |url=http://www.aftonbladet.se/nojesbladet/article14127418.ab |work=Aftonbladet |date=25 December 2011 |access-date=15 June 2013 |language=sv}}

Sydow was reported to be either an agnostic or an atheist.{{cite web |author=Tim Appelo |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/exorcist-director-worked-because-i-692092 |title=Exorcist Director: It Worked Because 'I Made That Film as a Believer' |date=29 March 2014 |work=The Hollywood Reporter }} In 2012, he told Charlie Rose in an interview that Ingmar Bergman had told him he would contact him after death to show him that there was a life after death. When Rose asked Sydow if he had heard from Bergman, he replied that he had but chose not to elaborate further on the exact meaning of this statement. In the same interview, he described himself as a doubter in his youth but stated this doubt was gone and indicated he came to agree with Bergman's belief in the afterlife.{{YouTube|id=KKpQlx79fmU|Max von Sydow on Ingmar Bergman}}

Max von Sydow died on 8 March 2020 at his home in Provence, France, at age 90.

{{main|Max von Sydow filmography}}

{{main|List of awards and nominations received by Max von Sydow}}

He was nominated for two Academy Awards, for his performances in Bille August's Pelle the Conqueror (1987) and Stephen Daldry's Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close (2011). At the age of 82, von Sydow was one of the oldest Oscar acting nominees. He also received two Golden Globe Awards nominations as well as two Primetime Emmy Awards nominations. In 1982 he received the Best Actor prize at the Venice International Film Festival for his performance in Flight of the Eagle. He was also the winner of 3 Guldbagge Awards and received a festival trophy from the Cannes Film Festival in 2004.

• List of actors with two or more Academy Award nominations in acting categories
• List of oldest and youngest Academy Award winners and nominees
• List of Academy Award records – first Nordic actor to be nominated for acting, for Pelle the Conqueror (1988)
• List of actors nominated for Academy Awards for non-English performances

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