1192
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|1192}}
{{Year nav|1192}}
{{C12 year in topic}}Year 1192 (MCXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1192nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 192nd year of the 2nd millennium, the 92nd year of the 12th century, and the 3rd year of the 1190s decade.
Events
- January 7 – Venus occults Jupiter.{{Cite web|url=https://www.projectpluto.com/mut_pln.htm#mutual_planetary|title=Assorted planetary/lunar events: Mutual planetary events, -1000 to +6000|date=17 August 1998|website=www.projectpluto.com|access-date=2019-03-29}}
- April 28 – Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I), King of Jerusalem, is assassinated in Tyre, only days after his title to the throne is confirmed by election. The killing is carried out by Hashshashin, later the basis of folk etymology for the English word "assassin."{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V2PisfCC7gkC&q=1192+Conrad+of+Montferrat&pg=PA72|title=The Assassin Legends: Myths of the Isma'ilis|last1=Daftary|first1=Farhad|last2=Sacy|first2=Antoine Isaac Baron Silvestre de|publisher=I.B. Tauris|year=1994|isbn=9781850437055|location=London, New York|pages=72|language=en}}
- August 21 – Minamoto no Yoritomo is granted the title of shōgun, thereby officially establishing the first shogunate in the history of Japan.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i0ni1NmbYe0C&q=1192+Minamoto+no+Yoritomo&pg=PA37|title=Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan|last=Deal|first=William E.|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2007|isbn=9780195331264|location=Oxford, New York|pages=37|language=en|orig-year=2005}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9pk-CgAAQBAJ&q=1192+Minamoto+no+Yoritomo&pg=PA135|title=Creatures Real and Imaginary in Chinese and Japanese Art: An Identification Guide|last1=Krenner|first1=Walther G. von|last2=Jeremiah|first2=Ken|publisher=McFarland|year=2015|isbn=9781476619583|location=Jefferson, NC|pages=135–136|language=en}}
- Margaritus of Brindisi is created the first Count of Malta for capturing Constance, Holy Roman Empress in 1191.
- Second Battle of Tarain in India: The Ghurid forces of Mu'izz al-Din are victorious over Prithviraj Chauhan.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cWmsQQ2smXIC&q=1192+Prithviraj+Chauhan&pg=PA210|title=History of Ancient India: Earliest Times to 1000 A. D.|last=Chaurasia|first=Radhey Shyam|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|year=2008|isbn=9788126900275|location=New Delhi|pages=210|language=en}}
- The Lugouqiao (later the Marco Polo) Bridge is completed in Beijing.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TMMvxX67FpIC&q=1192+marco+polo+bridge&pg=PA286|title=The Search for a Vanishing Beijing: A Guide to China's Capital Through the Ages|last=Aldrich|first=M. A.|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=2006|isbn=9789622097773|location=Hong Kong|pages=286|language=en}}
- Constance, Holy Roman Empress is released by Tancred, King of Sicily under the pressure of Pope Celestine III in May, and returns to Germany in June.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OiTUAwAAQBAJ&q=1192+constance+tancred&pg=PA317|title=History of the Church|last=Hughes|first=Philip|publisher=A&C Black|year=1979|isbn=9780722079829|volume=2: The Church In The World The Church Created: Augustine To Aquinas|location=London|pages=317|language=en|orig-year=1935}}
- Prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich of Novgorod burns down Tartu and Otepää Castles, in Estonia.
= The Third Crusade =
- August 5 – Battle of Jaffa: Richard I of England defeats the forces of Saladin and ends hostilities, paving the way for a truce.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b-JADgAAQBAJ&q=jaffa|title=The Chronicle of the Third Crusade: A Translation of the Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi|last=Nicholson|first=Helen J.|publisher=Routledge|year=2001|isbn=9781351892780|location=London and New York|language=en|orig-year=1997}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1P2_jGOzZNIC&q=battle+of+jaffa|title=The Crusaders in the East: A Brief History of the Wars of Islam with the Latins in Syria During the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries|last=Stevenson|first=W. B.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2013|isbn=9781107669093|location=Cambridge, New York|pages=284–285|language=en|orig-year=1907}}
- September 2 – After negotiations between Richard and Saladin, the Treaty of Jaffa is signed, which makes sure Jerusalem remains in Muslim hands, but insures visiting rights for pilgrims to come to the Holy City. The Third Crusade ends.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aLiuAwAAQBAJ&q=1192+9+october&pg=PR20|title=The Crusades, 1095-1204|last=Philips|first=Jonathan|publisher=Routledge|year=2014|isbn=9781317755876|edition=Second|location=London and New York|pages=xx|language=en|orig-year=2002}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X3FSkksUTPMC&q=battle+of+jaffa|title=Richard the Lionheart and the Third Crusade: The English King Confronts Saladin in AD 1191|last=Hilliam|first=David|publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc|year=2004|isbn=9780823942138|location=New York|pages=45|language=en}}
- October 9 – Richard leaves the Holy Land, setting sail from Acre and beginning his return to Europe.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mOKwCQAAQBAJ&q=1192+9+october&pg=PA232|title=Contemporary Sources for the Fourth Crusade: Revised Edition|last1=Andrea|first1=Alfred|last2=Whalen|first2=Brett E.|publisher=BRILL|year=2008|isbn=9789047433835|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=232|language=en|orig-year=2000}}
- December 11 – Returning from the Third Crusade, Richard I of England is taken prisoner by Leopold V, Duke of Austria, and secured at Dürnstein.{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J7ZiBwAAQBAJ&q=1192+richard+I+leopold+V&pg=PA103|title=Seals and their Context in the Middle Ages|last=Ailes|first=Adrian|publisher=Oxbow Books|year=2015|isbn=9781782978176|editor-last=Schofield|editor-first=Phillipp R.|location=Oxford and Philadelphia|pages=103|language=en|chapter=Government Seals of Richard I}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQfub3l_ejkC&q=1192+constance+tancred&pg=PA288|title=The Norman Kingdom of Sicily|last=Matthew|first=Donald|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2001|isbn=9780521269117|series=Cambridge Medieval Texts|location=Cambridge, New York|pages=288|language=en|orig-year=1992}}
Births
- September 17 – Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shōgun (d. 1219){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=atfJCgAAQBAJ&q=1192+Minamoto+no+Sanetomo&pg=PA51|title=Historical Epistemology and the Making of Modern Chinese Medicine|last=Chiang|first=Howard|publisher=Manchester University Press|year=2015|isbn=9780719096006|location=Manchester, UK|pages=51|language=en}}
- Queen Maria of Jerusalem (d. 1212){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LQ3OquwzRvYC&q=1192+maria+of+Montferrat&pg=PA144|title=The Templar Order in North-west Italy: (1142 - C. 1330)|last=Bellomo|first=Elena|publisher=BRILL|year=2008|isbn=9789004163645|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=144|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RT0OAQAAMAAJ&q=1192+maria+of+Montferrat|title=Women in World History|last=Commire|first=Anne|publisher=Gale|year=2001|isbn=9780787640699|location=Waterford, CT|pages=401|language=en}}
- King Stefan Radoslav of Serbia (d. 1234){{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yyk_DwAAQBAJ&q=1192+stefan+radoslav&pg=PA147|title=Byzantine Macedonia: Identity, Image and History: Papers from the Melbourne Conference July 1995|last=Podskalsky|first=Gerhard|publisher=BRILL|year=2000|isbn=9789004344730|editor-last=Burke|editor-first=John|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=147|language=en|chapter=Two Archbishops of Achrida (Ochrid) and their significance for Macedonia's secular and church history: Theophylaktos and Demetrios Chomatenos|editor-last2=Scott|editor-first2=Roger}}
- Saint Syed Jalaluddin Bukhari of Uch Sharif (d. 1291){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4oxDQAAQBAJ&q=1192+Jalaluddin+Bukhari&pg=PA210|title=A Book of Conquest: The Chachnama and Muslim Origins in South Asia|last=Asif|first=Manan Ahmed|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2016|isbn=9780674660113|location=Cambridge, MA and London|pages=210|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O3GXOqPa67MC&q=1192+Jalaluddin+Bukhari&pg=PA169|title=Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia|last=Hanif|first=N.|publisher=Sarup & Sons|year=2000|isbn=9788176250870|location=New Delhi|pages=169|language=en}}
Deaths
File:Emperor Go-Shirakawa2.jpg]]
- April 26 – Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan (b. 1127){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c8rKCOSmKEMC&q=1192+Emperor+Go-Shirakawa&pg=PA31|title=The Clear Mirror: A Chronicle of the Japanese Court During the Kamakura Period (1185-1333)|last=Perkins|first=George W.|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=1998|isbn=9780804763882|location=Stanford, CA|pages=31|language=en}}{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IYh9-Yl3cTkC&q=1192+Emperor+Go-Shirakawa&pg=PA759|title=Sources of East Asian Tradition: Premodern Asia|last=Varley|first=Paul|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2008|isbn=9780231143059|editor-last=Bary|editor-first=William Theodore De|location=New York|pages=759|language=en|chapter=The Way of the Warrior}}
- April 28 – Conrad of Montferrat, King of Jerusalem (b. mid-1140s)
- May 8 – Duke Ottokar IV, Duke of Styria (b. 1163){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o-i_CwAAQBAJ&q=1192+Ottokar+IV+Styria&pg=PT199|title=The Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa: The History of the Expedition of the Emperor Frederick and Related Texts|last=Loud|first=Graham A.|publisher=Routledge|year=2010|isbn=9781317036845|series=Crusade Texts in Translation|volume=19|location=New York, London|language=en}}{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nkwrDwAAQBAJ&q=1192+Ottokar+IV+Styria&pg=PA322|title=The Origins of the German Principalities, 1100-1350: Essays by German Historians|last=Loud|first=Graham A.|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2017|isbn=9781317022008|editor-last=Loud|editor-first=Graham A.|location=New York and London|pages=16|language=en|chapter=A Political and Social Revolution: the Development of the Territorial Principalities in Germany|editor-last2=Schenk|editor-first2=Jochen}}
- August 25 – Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1142){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kl8BAAAAQAAJ&q=1192+Hugh+III+Burgundy&pg=PT78|title=Genealogical and Historical Diagrams, Illustrative of the History of Scotland, England, France, and Germany. From the Ninth Century to the Present Time.|last=Graham|first=William|publisher=Oliver & Boyd|year=1862|location=Edinburgh and London|pages=17|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hpfHfnm2hjkC&q=1192+Hugh+III+Burgundy&pg=PA256|title=Sword, Miter, and Cloister: Nobility and the Church in Burgundy, 980-1198|last=Bouchard|first=Constance Brittain|publisher=Cornell University Press|year=1999|isbn=9780801475269|location=Ithaca and London|pages=256|language=en|orig-year=1987}}
- Saint Margaret of England, English saint{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PNcw2tyJLxwC&q=1192+Saint+Margaret+of+England&pg=PA43|title=The Lives Of The Primitive Fathers, Martyrs, And Other Principal Saints: Compiled From Original Monuments And Other Authentic Records|last=Butler|first=Alban|publisher=J. Moir|year=1798|edition=Third|volume=II|location=London and Newcastle|pages=43|language=en}}
- Ikhtiyar al-Din Hasan ibn Ghafras, vizier of the Sultanate of Rum{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9YcJAQAAIAAJ&q=1192+Ikhtiyar+al-Din+Hasan+ibn+Ghafras|title=The Empire of Trebizond and the Pontos|last=Bryer|first=Anthony|publisher=Variorum Reprints|year=1980|isbn=9780860780625|location=London|pages=181|language=en}}
- Kilij Arslan II, Sultan of Rum{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ptXG0uA70lAC&q=1192+Kilij+Arslan+II&pg=PA48|title=The Sultan of Vezirs: The Life and Times of the Ottoman Grand Vezir Mahmud Pasha Angelović (1453-1474)|last=Stavrides|first=Théoharis|publisher=BRILL|year=2001|isbn=9789004121065|location=Leiden, Boston, Köln|pages=48|language=en}}
- Rashid ad-Din Sinan, the "Old Man of the Mountain", leader of the Hashashin sect (b. 1132/1135){{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RTyTn4ErwRIC&q=1192+Rashid+al-Din+Sinan&pg=PA49|title=The Eagle's Nest: Ismaili Castles in Iran and Syria|last=Willey|first=Peter|publisher=I.B.Tauris|year=2005|isbn=9781850434641|location=London and New York|pages=49|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PvwUAAAAIAAJ&q=1192+Rashid+al-Din+Sinan&pg=PA790|title=The Encyclopaedia of Islam: Fascicules 111-112 : Masrah Mawlid|last1=Bosworth|first1=Clifford Edmund|last2=van Donzel|first2=E.|last3=W. P.|first3=Heinrichs|last4=Pellat|first4=Ch.|publisher=BRILL|year=1989|isbn=9789004092396|location=Leiden, Boston|pages=790|language=en}}
- Prithviraj Chauhan, King of the Chauhan Dynasty (b. 1177)