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1665#July–December

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File:BloemVaagen1665.jpg: The Dutch Navy defeats England's Royal Navy off of Norway in the Battle of Vågen]]

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File:Two men discovering a dead woman in the street during the Great Plague of London Wellcome L0001879.jpg]]

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Events

= January–March =

  • January 5 – The Journal des sçavans begins publication of the first scientific journal in France.
  • February 15 – Molière's comedy Dom Juan ou le Festin de pierre, based on the Spanish legend of the womanizer Don Juan Tenorio and Tirso de Molina's Spanish play El burlador de Sevilla y convidado de piedra, premieres in Paris at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal.
  • February 21 – In India, Shivaji Bhonsale of the Maratha Empire captures the English East India Company's trading post at Sadashivgad (now located in the Indian state of Karnataka).
  • February – In England, Dr. Richard Lower performs the first blood transfusion between animals. According to his account to the Royal Society journal Philosophical Transactions in December, Dr. Lower "towards the end of February... selected one dog of medium size, opened its jugular vein, and drew off blood, until its strength was nearly gone. Then, to make up for the great loss of this dog by the blood of a second, I introduced blood from the cervical artery of a fairly large mastiff, which had been fastened alongside the first, until this latter animal showed it was overfilled by the inflowing blood." "The history of peripheral intravenous catheters: How little plastic tubes revolutionized medicine", By A. M. Rivera, et al., Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica 56 (2005) p. 272-273
  • March 4 – The Second Anglo-Dutch War begins.{{cite web|url=http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/1735|title=Historical Events for Year 1735 | OnThisDay.com|website=Historyorb.com|access-date=2016-08-14}}
  • March 6 – The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London begins publication in England, the first scientific journal in English and the oldest to be continuously published.
  • March 11 – A new legal code is approved for the Dutch and English towns of New York, guaranteeing all Protestants the right to continue their religious observances unhindered.
  • March 16 – Bucharest allows Jews to settle in the city, in exchange for an annual tax of 16 guilders.

= April–June =

= July–September =

  • July 3 – The first documented case of cyclopia is diagnosed in a horse.
  • July 7 – King Charles II of England leaves London with his entourage, fleeing the Great Plague. He moves his court to Salisbury, then Exeter.
  • July 9 – The colonization of the south Indian Ocean island Réunion begins, with the Compagnie des Indes Orientales sending 20 permanent settlers, under the command of Etienne Regnault, from the French ship Taureau.Raoul Lucas and Mario Serviable, Commandants et gouverneurs de l'île de La Réunion (Océan Éditions, 2008)
  • July 11 – Pierre de Beausse, an envoy of France's King Louis XIV, formally claims possession of the African island of Madagascar on behalf of the French East India Company after landing on the coast in the 32-gun frigate Saint-Paul."Theological and Religious Intelligence: A General View of Missions, IX. Madagascar", in The Andover Review (June 1888) p.648
  • August 2 – The Dutch fleet defeats the English in the Battle of Vågen off Norway in the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
  • August 8 – The Great Plague forces the closure of the University of Cambridge, where Isaac Newton is a student."Newton, Sir Isaac", in Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. XL (Myllar—Nicholls) (Smith, Elder & Co., 1894) p. 372 Newton retires to his home in Lincolnshire for safety, and stays there for two years.{{cite book | last = Hitzeroth | first = Deborah | title = Sir Isaac Newton | publisher = Lucent Books | location = San Diego, CA | year = 1994 | isbn = 9781560060468 | page=24}} During this time alone, Newton will make groundbreaking discoveries in mathematics, calculus, mechanics and optics, and lay the foundations for his books Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica and Optiks.
  • August 27 – Ye Bare & Ye Cubbe, the first play in English in the American colonies, is given its first performance. The presentation takes place at Cowles Tavern in Pungoteague, Virginia.[https://jlaschulman.tripod.com/id28.html "1665 The First Play"], by Joel Eis The event is documented in 1958 in a historical marker with the heading "The Bear and the Cub" which says "This first play recorded in the United States was presented August 27, 1665. The Accomack County Court at Pungoteague heard charges against three men 'for acting a play,' ordered inspection of costumes and script, but found the men 'not guilty.'" [https://vcris.dhr.virginia.gov/HistoricMarkers/ Historical Highway Markers, "The Bear and the Cub WY-17"], Virginia Department of Historic Resources
  • September 17 – Charles II of Spain becomes king while not yet four years old.
  • September 22 – Molière's L'Amour médecin is first presented, before Louis XIV of France, at the Palace of Versailles, with music by Jean-Baptiste Lully.
  • September – Robert Hooke's Micrographia is published in London, first applying the term 'cell' to plant tissue, which he discovered first in cork, then in living organisms, using a microscope.

= October–December =

= Date unknown =

Births

File:Dahl, Michael - Queen Anne - NPG 6187.jpg]]

Deaths

File:Pierre de Fermat.jpg]]

File:Philip IV of Spain - Vel%C3%A1zquez 1644.jpg]]

References

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