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1601

{{Year dab|1601|the work by Mark Twain|1601 (Mark Twain)}}

{{Year nav|1601}}

File:Siege and Battle of Kinsale, 1601.jpg ended]]

{{C17 year in topic}}

{{Year article header|1601}} This epoch is the beginning of the 400-year Gregorian leap-year cycle within which digital files first existed; the last year of any such cycle is the only leap year whose year number is divisible by 100.

January 1 of this year (1601-01-01) is used as the base of file datesMicrosoft Windows [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/188768 technical note on file dates, referencing year 1601] and of Active Directory Logon datesMicrosoft Windows [http://www.microsoft.com/technet/scriptcenter/topics/win2003/lastlogon.mspx technical note on file dates, referencing year 1601] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090308124119/http://www.microsoft.com/technet/scriptcenter/topics/win2003/lastlogon.mspx |date=March 8, 2009 }} by Microsoft Windows. It is also the date from which ANSI dates are counted and were adopted by the American National Standards Institute for use with COBOL and other computer languages. All versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system from Windows 95 onward count units of one hundred nanoseconds from this epoch as a counter having 63 bits until 30828/9/14 02:48:05.4775807.{{cite web|url=http://www.decimaltime.hynes.net/dates.html|title=Decimal Time.net}} April 1 of this year is the earliest possible calendar date in Microsoft Outlook.{{Cite web |last=Office-Watch.com |date=2019-07-23 |title=What's the earliest date possible in Outlook? |url=https://office-watch.com/2019/whats-the-earliest-date-possible-in-outlook-and-workaround/ |access-date=2024-03-13 |website=Office Watch |language=en-US}}

Events

= January–March =

= April–June =

= July–September =

  • July 2 – The Spanish expedition of Juan de Oñate reaches the Canadian River on (the feast day of Biblical Mary Magdalena), in what is now Texas. Stan Hoig, Came Men on Horses: The Conquistador Expeditions of Francisco Vásquez de Coronado and Don Juan de Oñate (University Press of Colorado, 2013) pp. 221-230
  • July 5 – The Siege of Ostend, which will last more than three years and claims more than 100,000 casualties for both Spain and the Netherlands, begins as Albert of Austria, Governor General of the Habsburg Netherlands, leads an attack on the Dutch Netherlands fortress at Ostend. The Spanish forces eventually triumph on September 20, 1604, albeit in a Pyrrhic victory that will see at least 60,000 soldiers killed, wounded, or dead from disease. Anna E.C. Simoni, The Ostend Story: Early Tales of the Great Siege and the Mediating Role of Henrick Van Haestens (BRILL, 2021)
  • July 22 – General Yemişçi Hasan Pasha is selected as the new Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire by Sultan Mehmed III, 12 days after the death of Grand Vizier Damat Ibrahim Pasha. He served for only 15 months before being executed on the Sultan's orders on October 4, 1603.
  • August 2 – The Oñate expedition reaches the Rita Blanco River on the day of the Feast of the Porciuncula and follows it northward into Oklahoma.
  • August 3 – The Battle of Guruslău takes place in Goroszlo in (now Guruslău in Romania), as Wallachian troops led by Michael the Brave and Giorgio Basta defeat Transylvanian defenders commanded by Sigismund Báthory. Wallachia, assisted by Austrian troops from the Holy Roman Empire, retakes the Principality of Transylvania from Ottoman rule.
  • September 2 – 4th Spanish Armada is sent; a fleet of 33 ships and 4,432 men, under the command of Admiral Juan del Águila, departs Portugal after being dispatched to Ireland by King Philip III. The Spanish fleet is intended to support an Irish rebellion led by Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone and Hugh Roe O'Donnell against the British.
  • September 6 – Pope Clement VIII issues a decree forbidding the publication of any litany, except that of the saints as found in the liturgical books and the Litany of Loreto. "Litany", by Francis Mershman, in The Catholic Encyclopedia (Robert Appleton Company, 1910)
  • September 9 – The siege of Nagykanizsa, an Ottoman fortress in Hungary, is started by Archduke Ferdinand of Austria and lasts for more than two months before being abandoned.
  • September 11 – Queen Elizabeth I summons her 10th, and last, meeting of the English Parliament.
  • September 19 – The Juan de Oñate expedition of Spanish explorers first encounters the indigenous Escanjaque Indians in what is now the U.S. state of Kansas. The Escanjaques ask the Spaniards to assist them in a war against a rival tribe, the Rayados. Instead, Oñate befriends the Rayados five days later.
  • September 20 – The siege of Székesfehérvár, an Ottoman occupied Hungarian fortress, is completed by troops of the Holy Roman Empire after 16 days. The Modern Part of an Universal History from the Earliest Account of Time, Vol. XII: History of the Othman Empire (S. Richardson 1759) p. 415 The Ottomans will recapture Székesfehérvár a year later.
  • September 28 – The Escanjaque Indians attack Juan de Oñate's Spanish expedition as the Spaniards are returning from their furthest venture east, the Little Arkansas River.

= October–December =

= Date unknown =

  • Dutch troops attack the Portuguese in Malacca.
  • Jesuit Matteo Ricci becomes the first European to enter the Forbidden City in Beijing, China, being invited by the Ming Dynasty Emperor.
  • A rainy summer in the Tsardom of Russia causes a bad harvest, leading to the Russian famine of 1601–03 which kills about two million people.
  • Martin Möller is accused of Crypto-Calvinism.
  • Possible first performance of William Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet, perhaps in springtime.{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=166–168|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}{{cite book|editor=Edwards, Phillip|year=1985|title=Hamlet, Prince of Denmark|series=New Cambridge Shakespeare|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-29366-9|page=8|quote=Any dating of Hamlet must be tentative.}} Scholars date its writing as between 1599 and 1601.

Births

File:LouisXIII.jpg]]

File:Frans Hals - Portrait of Cornelis Coning.jpg]]

=January–March=

=April–June=

=July–September=

=October–December=

=Date unknown=

=Probable=

Deaths

File:In the manner of François Clouet - Louise de Lorraine - Google Art Project.jpg]]

File:Kölnisches Stadtmuseum im Haus Sauer-0165 (cropped).jpg]]

File:Henriette de Nevers.jpg]]

File:Tycho Brahe.JPG]]

= January–March =

= April–June =

= July–September =

= October–December =

=Date unknown=

References

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