1934 Australian federal election
{{Short description|none}}
{{Use Australian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1934 Australian federal election
| country = Australia
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1931 Australian federal election
| previous_year = 1931
| next_election = 1937 Australian federal election
| next_year = 1937
| outgoing_members = Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 1931–1934
| elected_members = Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 1934–1937
| registered = 3,902,677 {{increase}}{{small|6.92%}}
| turnout = 3,677,723 (95.17%){{efn|Turnout in contested seats}}
({{increase}}0.13 pp)
| seats_for_election = All 75{{efn|The Northern Territory had one seat, but members for the territories did not have full voting rights until 1966 and did not count toward government formation.}} seats of the Australian House of Representatives
{{small|38 seats were needed for a majority in the House}}
18 (of the 36) seats of the Australian Senate
| election_date = 15 September 1934
| image1 = File:Joseph Lyons.jpg
| image_size = 190x190px
| leader1 = Joseph Lyons
| leader_since1 = 7 May 1931
| party1 = United Australia Party
| leaders_seat1 = Wilmot (Tas.)
| last_election1 = 39 seats
| seats1 = 33
| seat_change1 = {{decrease}}6
| percentage1 = 32.97%
| swing1 = {{decrease}}3.13%
| image2 = File:James_H._Scullin.jpg
| leader2 = James Scullin
| leader_since2 = 26 April 1928
| party2 = Australian Labor Party
| leaders_seat2 = Yarra (Vic.)
| last_election2 = 14 seats
| seats2 = 18
| seat_change2 = {{increase}}4
| percentage2 = 26.81%
| swing2 = {{decrease}}0.28%
| image4 = x150px
| leader4 = Earle Page
| leader_since4 = 5 April 1921
| party4 = Country Party of Australia (1920)
| leaders_seat4 = Cowper (NSW)
| last_election4 = 16 seats
| seats4 = 14
| seat_change4 = {{decrease}}2
| percentage4 = 12.61%
| swing4 = {{increase}}0.36%
| image5 = x150px
| leader5 = Jack Lang
| leader_since5 = 31 July 1923
| party5 = Lang Labor
| leaders_seat5 = Did not run
| last_election5 = 4 seats
| seats5 = 9
| seat_change5 = {{increase}}5
| percentage5 = 14.37%
| swing5 = {{increase}}3.80%
| image7 = {{Election image filler|Independents|IND|150x150px}}
| leader7 = N/A
| leader_since7 = N/A
| party7 = Independents
| leaders_seat7 = N/A
| popular_vote7 = 107,335
| percentage7 = 3.02%
| swing7 = {{decrease}} −5.17
| last_election7 = 2 seats
| seats7 = 1 seats
| seat_change7 = {{decrease}} 1
| colour7 = {{party color|Independent politician}}
| title = Prime Minister
| before_election = Joseph Lyons
| before_party = United Australia Party
| posttitle = Subsequent Prime Minister
| after_election = Joseph Lyons
| after_party = United Australia Party
| map_image = 1934 Australian federal election.svg
| map_size =
| map_caption = Results by division for the House of Representatives, shaded by winning party's margin of victory.
}}
The 1934 Australian federal election was held in Australia on 15 September 1934. All 74 seats in the House of Representatives, and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent United Australia Party led by Prime Minister of Australia Joseph Lyons formed a minority government, with 33 out of 74 seats in the House.
The opposition Australian Labor Party (ALP) led by James Scullin saw its share of the primary vote fall to an even lower number than in the 1931 election, due to the Lang Labor split. However, it was able to pick up an extra four seats on preferences and therefore improve on its position.
Almost two months after the election, the UAP entered into a coalition with the Country Party, led by Earle Page.
Future Prime Ministers Robert Menzies and John McEwen both entered parliament at this election.
Results
=House of Representatives=
{{see also|Results of the Australian federal election, 1934 (House of Representatives)}}
| class="wikitable"
|+ House of Reps{{cite news|url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/library/prspub/5188012/upload_binary/5188012.pdf|title=Federal election results 1901–2016|first=Stephen|last=Barber|date=31 March 2017|publisher=Parliamentary Library|page=29}} (IRV) — 1934–37—Turnout 95.17% (CV) — Informal 3.44% ! colspan=2 style="width:180px" | Party ! style="width:70px" | Votes ! style="width:40px"| % ! style="width:40px"| Swing ! style="width:40px"| Seats ! style="width:40px"| Change |
| {{Australian party style|UAP}}|
| align=right"| 1,287,963 | align=right"| 36.25 | align=right"| −5.53 | align=right"| 32 | align=right"| −6 |
| {{Australian party style|Labor}}|
| align=right"| 953,101 | align=right"| 26.82 | align=right"| −0.20 | align=right"| 18 | align=right"| +2 |
| {{Australian party style|Lang Labor}}|
| align=right"| 510,480 | align=right"| 14.37 | align=right"| +3.83 | align=right"| 9 | align=right"| +5 |
| {{Australian party style|Country}}|
| align=right"| 480,279 | align=right"| 13.52 | align=right"| +1.31 | align=right"| 15 | align=right"| −1 |
| {{Australian party style|Social Credit}}|
| align=right"| 166,589 | align=right"| 4.69 | align=right"| +4.69 | align=right"| 0 | align=right"| 0 |
| {{Australian party style|Communist}}|
| Communist Party of Australia | align=right"| 47,499 | align=right"| 1.34 | align=right"| +1.08 | align=right"| 0 | align=right"| 0 |
| {{Australian party style|Independent}}|
|Independents | align=right"| 107,335 | align=right"| 3.02 | align=right"| −5.17 | align=right"| 1{{efn|Including Northern Territory}} | align=right"| −1 |
|
|Total | align=right"| 3,553,246 | align=right"| | align=right"| | align=right"| 75 | align=right"| −1 |
The member for Northern Territory, Adair Blain (independent), had voting rights only for issues affecting the Territory, and so is not included in this table.
{{bar box
| title=Popular vote
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars=
{{bar percent|United Australia|#00008B|36.25}}
{{bar percent|Labor|{{party color|Australian Labor Party}}|26.82}}
{{bar percent|Labor (NSW)|#E2725B|14.37}}
{{bar percent|Country|{{party color|National Party of Australia}}|13.52}}
{{bar percent|Social Credit|#B87333|4.69}}
{{bar percent|Independent|{{party color|Independent (politician)}}|3.02}}
{{bar percent|Communist|#AA0000|1.34}}
}}
{{bar box
| title=Parliament seats
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars=
{{bar percent|United Australia|#00008B|42.67}}
{{bar percent|Labor|{{party color|Australian Labor Party}}|24.00}}
{{bar percent|Country|{{party color|National Party of Australia}}|20.00}}
{{bar percent|Labor (NSW)|#E2725B|12.00}}
{{bar percent|Independent|{{party color|Independent}}|1.33}}
}}
=Senate=
| class="wikitable"
|+ Senate (P BV) — 1934–37—Turnout 95.03% (CV) — Informal 11.35%File:1934 Australian Senate.svg ! colspan=2 style="width:180px" | Party ! style="width:70px" | Votes ! style="width:40px" | % ! style="width:40px" | Swing ! style="width:40px" | Seats won ! style="width:40px" | Seats held ! style="width:40px" | Change |
| {{Australian party style|Labor}} |
| align=right| 923,151 | align=right| 28.08 | align=right| −1.18 | align=right| 0 | align=right| 3 | align=right| −7 |
| {{Australian party style|UAP}} |
| align=right| 679,422 | align=right| 20.66 | align=right| −4.59 | align=right| 10 | align=right| 26 | align=right| +5 |
| {{Australian party style|UAP}}|
| UAP/Country (Joint Ticket) | align=right| 599,723 | align=right| 18.24 | align=right| −11.92 | align=right| 6 | align=right| | align=right| |
| {{Australian party style|Country}} |
| align=right| 470,283 | align=right| 14.30 | align=right| * | align=right| 2 | align=right| 7 | align=right| +2 |
| {{Australian party style|Lang Labor}} |
| Australian Labor Party (NSW) | align=right| 435,045 | align=right| 13.23 | align=right| +1.12 | align=right| 0 | align=right| 0 | align=right| 0 |
| {{Australian party style|Social Credit}} |
| align=right| 91,596 | align=right| 2.79 | align=right| * | align=right| 0 | align=right| 0 | align=right| 0 |
| {{Australian party style|Communist}}|
| Communist Party of Australia | align=right| 73,506 | align=right| 2.24 | align=right| +1.30 | align=right| 0 | align=right| 0 | align=right| 0 |
| {{Australian party style|Independent}} |
| Independents | align=right| 15,105 | align=right| 0.46 | align=right| −1.81 | align=right| 0 | align=right| 0 | align=right| 0 |
|
| Total | align=right| 3,287,831 | align=right| | align=right| | align=right| 18 | align=right| 36 | align=right| |
Seats changing hands
| class="wikitable"
! rowspan=2| Seat ! colspan=4| Pre-1934 ! rowspan=2| Swing ! colspan=4| Post-1934 |
| colspan=2| Party
! Member ! Margin ! Margin ! Member ! colspan=2| Party |
|---|
| Barker, SA
| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| | United Australia | style="text-align:right;"| N/A | style="text-align:right;"| 6.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.7 | Country | {{Australian party style|Nationals}}| |
| Bass, Tas
| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| | United Australia | style="text-align:right;"| 14.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 0.3 | Labor | {{Australian party style|Labor}}| |
| Batman, Vic
| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| | United Australia | style="text-align:right;"| 14.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 0.3 | Labor | {{Australian party style|Labor}}| |
| Corangamite, Vic
| {{Australian party style|Nationals}}| | Country | style="text-align:right;"| N/A | style="text-align:right;"| 7.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.7 | United Australia | {{Australian party style|UAP}}| |
| Darling, NSW
| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| | Labor | style="text-align:right;"| N/A | style="text-align:right;"| 63.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.5 | Labor (NSW) | {{Australian party style|Lang Labor}}| |
| Denison, Tas
| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| | United Australia | style="text-align:right;"| 5.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 5.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 0.3 | Labor | {{Australian party style|Labor}}| |
| Franklin, Tas
| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| | United Australia | style="text-align:right;"| 13.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.4 | Labor | {{Australian party style|Labor}}| |
| Fremantle, WA
| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| | United Australia | style="text-align:right;"| 5.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.1 | Labor | {{Australian party style|Labor}}| |
| Maribyrnong, Vic
| {{Australian party style|UAP}}| | United Australia | style="text-align:right;"| 0.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.7 | Labor | {{Australian party style|Labor}}| |
| Northern Territory, NT
| {{Australian party style|Labor}}| | Labor | style="text-align:right;"| N/A | style="text-align:right;"| 7.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.8 | Independent | {{Australian party style|Independent}}| |
| Werriwa, NSW
| {{Australian party style|Nationals}}| | Country | style="text-align:right;"| 1.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 3.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.5 | Labor (NSW) | {{Australian party style|Lang Labor}}| |
- Members listed in italics did not contest their seat at this election.
See also
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://elections.uwa.edu.au/ University of WA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118085343/http://elections.uwa.edu.au/ |date=18 January 2015 }} election results in Australia since 1890
- [http://pappubahry.com/pseph/aus_stats/tpp_tables/ Two-party-preferred vote since 1919]
{{Australian elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Australian Federal Election, 1934}}
Category:Federal elections in Australia