2023 Turkish general election
{{Short description|none}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2023 Turkish general election
| country = Turkey
| flag_year = state
| previous_election = 2018 Turkish general election
| previous_year = 2018
| election_date = 14 May 2023
| next_election =
| next_year = 2028
| opinion_polls = Opinion polling for the 2023 Turkish general election
| module = {{Infobox election
| election_name = Presidential election
| embed = yes
| type = presidential
| election_date = 14 May 2023 (first round)
28 May 2023 (second round)
| image1 = Recep Tayyip Erdogan in Ukraine.jpg
| nominee1 = Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
| party1 = Justice and Development Party (Turkey)
| alliance1 = People's Alliance
| popular_vote1 = 27,834,589
| percentage1 = 52.18%
| image2 = Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu in March 2023 (cropped).png
| nominee2 = Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
| party2 = Republican People's Party
| alliance2 = Nation Alliance
| popular_vote2 = 25,504,704
| percentage2 = 47.82%
| map_image = 2023 Turkish presidential election map second round.svg
| title = President
| before_election = Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
| before_party = Justice and Development Party (Turkey)
| after_election = Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
| after_party = Justice and Development Party (Turkey)
| module = {{Infobox legislative election
| embed=yes
| election_name = Parliamentary election
| election_date = 14 May 2023
| party1 = Justice and Development Party (Turkey)
| leader1 = Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
| percentage1 = 35.61
| seats1 = 268
| last_election1 = 295
| party2 = Republican People's Party
| leader2 = Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
| percentage2 = 25.33
| seats2 = 169
| last_election2 = 146
| party3 = Party of the Greens and the Left Future
| leader3 = Çiğdem Kılıçgün Uçar, İbrahim Akın
| percentage3 = 8.81
| seats3 = 61
| last_election3 = 67
| party4 = Nationalist Movement Party
| leader4 = Devlet Bahçeli
| percentage4 = 10.07
| seats4 = 50
| last_election4 = 49
| party5 = Good Party
| leader5 = Meral Akşener
| percentage5 = 9.69
| seats5 = 43
| last_election5 = 43
| party6 = New Welfare Party
| leader6 = Fatih Erbakan
| percentage6 = 2.82
| seats6 = 5
| last_election6 = 0
| party7 = Workers' Party of Turkey (2017)
| leader7 = Erkan Baş
| percentage7 = 1.73
| seats7 = 4
| last_election7 = 0
| map = Turkish Electoral District 2023 Visual.svg
}}
}}
}}File:2023 Türkiye genel seçimleri sandalye dağılımı.svg
General elections were held in Turkey on 14 May 2023,{{cite web |title=President Erdogan confirms May 14 election date in Türkiye |url=https://www.trtworld.com/turkey/president-erdogan-confirms-may-14-elections-date-in-t%C3%BCrkiye-64770|accessdate=7 May 2023}} combining presidential elections and parliamentary elections to elect 600 members of the Grand National Assembly.
Background
{{further information|2018 Turkish general election}}
The previous Turkish general election took place in 2018. The election marked the country's transition from a parliamentary system to a presidential one, as narrowly endorsed by voters in the 2017 constitutional referendum. That election resulted in a victory for incumbent president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, who had held the position since 2014.
Meanwhile, the ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) lost its absolute majority in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey for the first time since June 2015, forcing it to rely on its coalition partner, the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) of Devlet Bahçeli, to pass legislation. The office of the Prime Minister of Turkey was abolished on 12 July 2018, and its last holder, Binali Yıldırım, took office as the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly.
Although there were speculations about a snap election prior to the regular one in 2023, Bahçeli ruled them out. In a written statement, he said that elections would not be held before 2023. He also confirmed that the current coalition between AK Party and MHP will remain intact and Erdoğan will be their joint nominee for president. On 9 June 2022, Erdoğan declared his candidacy.{{Cite news |title=Turkey's Erdogan says he will run for reelection next year |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/turkeys-erdogan-says-he-will-run-for-reelection-next-year/2022/06/09/2d328f5e-e804-11ec-a422-11bbb91db30b_story.html |access-date=9 June 2022 |issn=0190-8286}}
On 22 January 2023, Erdoğan announced he would initiate snap elections on 10 March which would bring the election date forward from 18 June to 14 May.{{Cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=President Erdogan confirms May 14 elections date in Türkiye |url=https://www.trtworld.com/turkey/president-erdogan-confirms-may-14-elections-date-in-türkiye-64770 |access-date=11 February 2023 |website=TRT World |language=en}} Muharrem İnce announced he would withdraw his candidacy on 11 May.{{Cite web |title=Days ahead of vote, Ince withdraws from Turkey presidential race |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/5/11/days-ahead-of-vote-ince-withdraws-from-turkey-presidential-race |access-date=11 May 2023 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}
Presidential election
{{main|2023 Turkish presidential election}}
= Candidates =
On 1 April, after a drawing conducted by the Supreme Electoral Council, the places of four presidential candidates on the ballot paper have been determined as follows:
| class="wikitable" style="width:130px; text-align:center" |
| colspan=15 | List of presidential candidates in order they appear on the ballot paper{{cite web|url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/ysk-draws-presidential-candidates-place-on-ballot-paper-182043|title=YSK draws presidential candidates' place on ballot paper|date=2 April 2023}} |
|---|
| colspan="4"| 1
| 2 | colspan="6"| 3 | colspan="4"| 4 |
| colspan="4" |150x150px
|File:Muharrem İnce, 2023 (cropped).jpg | colspan="6" | File:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu in March 2023 (cropped).png | colspan="4" |150x150px |
| colspan="4" |Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
|Muharrem İnce{{efn|İnce withdrew his candidacy on 11 May 2023, but remained on the ballot|group=n|name=a}} | colspan="6" |Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | colspan="4" |Sinan Oğan |
| colspan="4" |Campaign
| colspan="6" |Campaign | colspan="4" |Campaign |
Parliamentary election
{{main|2023 Turkish parliamentary election}}
= Contesting parties =
The table below shows the places of alliances, parties, and independent candidates in the order they will appear on the ballot paper:
| class="wikitable mw-uncollapsed" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%"
!List ! colspan="3" |Party !Chairperson(s) !Main ideology !Alliance |
| 1
| style="background:{{party color|Nation Party (Turkey, 1992)}};" | |{{Abbr|MİLLET|Millet Partisi}} |{{ill|Cuma Nacar|tr}} | rowspan="2" {{n/a}} |
| 2
| style="background:{{party color|Rights and Freedoms Party}};" | |{{Abbr|HAK-PAR|Hak ve Özgürlükler Partisi}} |
| 3
| style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of Turkey (modern)}};" | |{{Abbr|TKP|Türkiye Komünist Partisi}} | rowspan="3" |Union of Socialist Forces |
| 4
| style="background:#990000;" | |{{Abbr|TKH|Türkiye Komünist Hareketi}} |
| 5
| style="background:{{party color|Left Party (Turkey)}};" | |{{Abbr|SOL PARTİ|Sol Parti}} |{{ill|Önder İşleyen|tr}} |
| 6
| style="background:{{party color|Young Party}};" | |{{Abbr|GENÇPARTİ|Genç Parti}} |{{ill|Hakan Uzan|tr|lt=Murat Hakan Uzan}} | rowspan="2" {{n/a}} |
| 7
| style="background:{{party color|Homeland Party (Turkey, 2021)}};" | |{{Abbr|MEMLEKET|Memleket Partisi}} |
| 8
| style="background:{{party color|Great Unity Party}};" | |{{Abbr|BÜYÜK BİRLİK|Büyük Birlik Partisi}} | rowspan="4" |People's Alliance |
| 9
| style="background:{{party color|Justice and Development Party (Turkey)}};" | |Justice and Development Party |{{Abbr|AK PARTİ|Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi}} |
| 10
| style="background:{{party color|Welfare Party}};" | |{{Abbr|YENİDEN REFAH|Yeniden Refah Partisi}} |
| 11
| style="background:{{party color|Nationalist Movement Party}};" | |{{Abbr|MHP|Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi}} |
| 12
| style="background:{{party color|Party of Greens and the Left Future}};" | |Party of Greens and the Left Future |{{Abbr|YEŞİL SOL PARTİ|Yeşiller ve Sol Gelecek Partisi}} |İbrahim Akın, Çiğdem Kılıçgün Uçar | rowspan="2" |Labour and Freedom Alliance |
| 13
| style="background:{{party color|Workers' Party of Turkey (2017)}};" | |{{Abbr|TİP|Türkiye İşçi Partisi}} |
| 14
| style="background:{{party color|Justice Unity Party}};" | |{{ill|Adalet Birlik Partisi|tr|lt=Justice Unity Party}} |{{Abbr|AB PARTİ|Adalet Birlik Partisi}} | rowspan="7" {{n/a}} |
| 15
| style="background:{{party color|Motherland Party (Turkey, 2011)}};" | |{{Abbr|ANAP|Anavatan Partisi}} |{{ill|İbrahim Çelebi|tr}} |
| 16
| style="background:{{party color|Innovation Party (Turkey)}};" | |{{Abbr|YP|Yenilik Partisi}} |
| 17
| style="background:{{party color|People's Liberation Party (Turkey)}};" | |{{Abbr|HKP|Halkın Kurtuluş Partisi}} |{{ill|Nurullah Ankut|lt=Nurullah Efe|tr}} |
| 18
| style="background:#F40F0F;" | |{{Abbr|MİLLİ YOL|Milli Yol Partisi}} |
| 19
| style="background:{{party color|Patriotic Party (Turkey)}};" | |{{Abbr|VATAN PARTİSİ|Vatan Partisi}} |
| 20
| style="background:#01A7E1;" | |{{ill|Güç Birliği Partisi|tr|lt=Power Union Party}} |{{Abbr|GBP|Güç Birliği Partisi}} |
| 21
| style="background:{{party color|Republican People's Party}};" | |{{Abbr|CHP|Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi}} | rowspan="2" |Nation Alliance |
| 22
| style="background:{{party color|Good Party}};" | |{{Abbr|İYİ PARTİ|İYİ Parti}} |
| 23
| style="background:{{party color|Justice Party (Turkey)}};" | |{{Abbr|AP|Adalet Partisi}} |{{ill|Vecdet Öz|tr}} | rowspan="2" |Ancestral Alliance |
| 24
| style="background:{{party color|Victory Party (Turkey)}};" | |{{n/a}} |
| 25
| style="background:{{party color|Independent}};" | | colspan="5" |Independent candidates |
See also
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{2023 Turkish general election}}
{{Turkish elections}}