2024 United Kingdom general election
{{Short description|none}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2024 United Kingdom general election
| country = United Kingdom
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 2019 United Kingdom general election
| previous_year = 2019
| election_date = 4 July 2024
| next_election = Next United Kingdom general election
| next_year = Next
| next_mps =
| outgoing_members = List of MPs elected in the 2019 United Kingdom general election
| elected_mps = List of MPs elected in the 2024 United Kingdom general election
| seats_for_election = All 650 seats in the House of Commons
| majority_seats = 326{{efn|Given that Sinn Féin members of Parliament (MPs) practise abstentionism and do not take their seats, while the Speaker and deputies do not vote, the number of MPs needed for a majority is in practice slightly lower.{{Cite web |url=https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/explainers/government-majority |title=Government majority |website=Institute for Government |date=20 December 2019 |access-date=4 July 2024 |archive-date=28 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128063642/https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/explainers/government-majority |url-status=live }} Sinn Féin won seven seats, and including the speaker and their three deputy speakers, meaning a practical majority requires 321 seats.}}
| opinion_polls = Opinion polling for the 2024 United Kingdom general election
| registered = 48,208,507
| turnout = 28,924,725
59.8% ({{decrease}} 7.5 pp){{cite report |url=https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-10009/CBP-10009.pdf |access-date=5 September 2024 |archive-date=5 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240905053140/https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-10009/CBP-10009.pdf |url-status=live |work=House of Commons Library |title=General election 2024 results |first1=Richard |last1=Cracknell |last2=Baker |first2=Carl |at=1.2 Turnout |date=18 July 2024}}
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image = Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer Official Portrait (cropped).jpg|bSize = 140|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 5|oLeft = 8}}
| image_size =
| leader1 = Keir Starmer
| party1 = Labour Party (UK)
| leader_since1 = 4 April 2020
| leaders_seat1 = Holborn and
St Pancras
| last_election1 = 202 seats, 32.1%
| seats1 = 411{{Efn|name=Speaker}}
| seat_change1 = {{Increase}} 209
| popular_vote1 = 9,708,716
| percentage1 = 33.7%
| swing1 = {{Increase}} 1.6 pp
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image = Portrait of Prime Minister Rishi Sunak (cropped).jpg |bSize = 140|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 10}}
| leader2 = Rishi Sunak
| party2 = Conservative Party (UK)
| leader_since2 = 24 October 2022
| leaders_seat2 = Richmond and Northallerton
| last_election2 = 365 seats, 43.6%
| seats2 = 121
| seat_change2 = {{Decrease}} 244
| popular_vote2 = 6,828,925
| percentage2 = 23.7%
| swing2 = {{Decrease}} 19.9 pp
| image3 = {{CSS image crop|Image = Official portrait of Ed Davey MP crop 2, 2024.jpg |bSize = 210|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 2|oLeft = 50}}
| leader3 = Ed Davey
| party3 = Liberal Democrats (UK)
| leader_since3 = 27 August 2020
| leaders_seat3 = Kingston and Surbiton
| last_election3 = 11 seats, 11.6%
| seats3 = 72
| seat_change3 = {{Increase}} 61
| popular_vote3 = 3,519,143
| percentage3 = 12.2%
| swing3 = {{Increase}} 0.6 pp
| map =
| map_upright =
| map_alt =
| map_image = 2024 United Kingdom general election - Result.svg
| map_size = 400px
| map_caption = A map presenting the results of the election, by party of the MP elected from each constituency
| map2_image = House of Commons (2024 election).svg
| map2_size = 400px
| map2_caption = Composition of the House of Commons after the election
| title = Prime Minister
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = Rishi Sunak
| before_party = Conservative
| after_election = Keir Starmer
| after_party = Labour
}}
The 2024 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday, 4 July 2024, to elect 650 members of Parliament to the House of Commons, the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The opposition Labour Party, led by Keir Starmer, defeated the governing Conservative Party, led by Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, in a landslide victory.
The election was the first general election victory for Labour since 2005, and ended the Conservatives' 14-year tenure as the primary governing party. Labour achieved a 174-seat simple majority, and a total of 411 seats, a single-party figure surpassed in modern times only by Stanley Baldwin and the Conservatives in 1924 and 1931 and by Tony Blair and Labour in 1997 and 2001.{{efn|name=Speaker|The figure does not include Lindsay Hoyle, the speaker of the House of Commons, who was included in the Labour seat total by some media outlets. By long-standing convention, the Speaker severs all ties to their affiliated party upon being elected speaker.}} The party's vote share was 33.7%, the lowest of any majority party on record, making this the least proportional general election in British history according to the Gallagher index.{{Cite news |title=Britain's general election was its least representative ever |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2024/07/11/britains-general-election-was-its-least-representative-ever |access-date=2024-07-13 |newspaper=The Economist |issn=0013-0613 |archive-date=12 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712144700/https://www.economist.com/britain/2024/07/11/britains-general-election-was-its-least-representative-ever |url-status=live }} Labour won 211 more seats than the previous general election in 2019, but half a million fewer total votes. The party became the largest in England for the first time since 2005, in Scotland for the first time since 2010, and retained its status as the largest party in Wales.{{Cite web |date=4 July 2024 |title=UK general election results live: Labour set for landslide as results come in across country |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/cn09xn9je7lt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704043031/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/cn09xn9je7lt |archive-date=4 July 2024 |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=BBC News}} It lost seven seats: five to independent candidates in seats with sizeable Muslim populations, largely attributed to its stance on the Gaza war; one to the Green Party of England and Wales; and one to the Conservatives.
The Conservative Party was reduced to 121 seats on a vote share of 23.7%, the worst result in its history. It lost 251 seats in total, including those of 12 Cabinet ministers and South West Norfolk, the seat of the former prime minister Liz Truss.{{Cite web |date=5 July 2024 |title=Former Prime Minister Liz Truss loses seat in U.K. election |first=Rebecca |last=Falconer |url=https://www.axios.com/2024/07/05/liz-truss-former-uk-prime-minister-general-election-loss |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706032834/https://www.axios.com/2024/07/05/liz-truss-former-uk-prime-minister-general-election-loss |archive-date=6 July 2024 |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=Axios}} It also lost all its seats in Wales.{{Cite web |author-first1=Jennifer|author-last1=McKiernan|author-first2=Brian|author-last2=Wheeler|date=5 July 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak apologises after historic Tory defeat |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd1xnzlzz99o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705000825/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd1xnzlzz99o |archive-date=5 July 2024 |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=BBC News}}
Smaller parties took a record 42.6% of the vote in the election. Of these, the Liberal Democrats, led by Ed Davey, made the most significant gains, securing 72 seats with a total of 3.5 million votes; like Labour, this represented a decline in their vote from 2019. It was the modern incarnation of this party's best-ever result and made it the third-largest party in the Commons, a status it had previously held but that it had lost at, and since, the 2015 general election.{{Cite web |title=Historic firsts from the 2024 general election in numbers and charts |url=https://news.sky.com/story/historic-firsts-from-the-2024-general-election-in-numbers-and-charts-13163306 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705185432/https://news.sky.com/story/historic-firsts-from-the-2024-general-election-in-numbers-and-charts-13163306 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=Sky News|author-first1=Hannah|author-last1=Bunting|author-first2=Joely|author-last2=Santa Cruz}}
The Co-operative Party, which is in an electoral pact with the Labour Party, also had its best ever result. They elected 43 MPs, all of which are also members of the Labour Party, designated as Labour Co-op and generally counted with the rest of the Labour MPs. Reform UK achieved the third-highest vote share at 14.3%, with over four million votes, which won it five seats, and the Green Party of England and Wales won four seats, with over 1.8 million votes; both parties achieved their best parliamentary results so far in terms of both votes and seats.
In Scotland, the Scottish National Party was reduced from 48 seats to nine, and lost its status as the third-largest party in the Commons and as the biggest party in Scotland.{{Cite web |title="Labour to form new British government after election landslide" |url=https://www.courthousenews.com/labour-to-form-new-british-government-after-election-landslide/ |last=Glover |first=Dominic |date=5 July 2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707073454/https://www.courthousenews.com/labour-to-form-new-british-government-after-election-landslide/ |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=Courthouse News Service}} In Wales, Plaid Cymru won four seats. In Northern Ireland, which has a distinct set of political parties,{{Cite web |date=2024-06-10 |title=Our General Election Candidates |url=https://www.niconservatives.com/news/our-general-election-candidates |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=NI Conservatives |archive-date=9 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240709100356/https://www.niconservatives.com/news/our-general-election-candidates |url-status=live}} Sinn Féin retained its seven seats and therefore became the largest party; this was the first election in which an Irish nationalist party won the most seats in Northern Ireland. The Democratic Unionist Party won five seats, a reduction from eight at the 2019 general election. The Social Democratic and Labour Party won two seats, and the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland, the Ulster Unionist Party and Traditional Unionist Voice won one seat each, and the independent unionist Alex Easton won North Down.
The Workers Party of Britain and the Alba Party, both of which formed after the previous election, lost all their seats. Five of the six newly-elected independent MPs, including the former leader of the Labour Party Jeremy Corbyn, formed the Independent Alliance group in parliament.
Labour entered the election with a large lead over the Conservatives in opinion polls, and the potential scale of the party's victory was a topic of discussion during the campaign period.{{cite news |last=Walker |first=Peter |date=20 February 2024 |title=Another Canada 93? Tory Sunak critics fear extinction-level election result |url=https://theguardian.com/politics/2024/feb/20/canada-93-tory-sunak-critics-extinction-level-election-result |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615124840/https://amp.theguardian.com/politics/2024/feb/20/canada-93-tory-sunak-critics-extinction-level-election-result |archive-date=15 June 2024 |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=The Guardian}}{{Cite news |last=Hunt |first=Wayne |date=1 June 2024 |title=Can the Tories avoid the fate of Canada's Conservatives? |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/can-the-tories-avoid-the-fate-of-canadas-conservatives/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614045916/https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/can-the-tories-avoid-the-fate-of-canadas-conservatives/ |archive-date=14 June 2024 |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=The Spectator}} The economy, healthcare, education, infrastructure development, environment, housing, energy, immigration, and standards in public office were main campaign topics. There was relatively little discussion of Brexit, which was a major issue during the 2019 general election. This general election was the first in which photo identification was required to vote in person in Great Britain,{{Efn|In Northern Ireland, voter ID was already required at elections before it was introduced in the rest of the UK.|name=NI|group=}} the first fought using the new constituency boundaries implemented following the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, and the first called under the Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022.{{CN|date=May 2025}} This was also the first election to be held during the reign of King Charles III.{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/general-election-king-charles-rishi-sunak-dissolve-parliment-b2549643.html|title=King Charles to dissolve parliament for his first general election as monarch|first=Athena|last=Stavrou|date=22 May 2024|work=The Independent|access-date=15 September 2024|archive-date=30 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930155919/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/general-election-king-charles-rishi-sunak-dissolve-parliment-b2549643.html|url-status=live}}
Background
= Political background of the Conservatives before the election =
{{2024 United Kingdom general election series}}The Conservative Party under Boris Johnson won a large majority at the 2019 general election and the new government passed the Brexit withdrawal agreement.{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/13/bombastic-boris-johnson-wins-huge-majority-on-promise-to-get-brexit-done |title=Boris Johnson wins huge majority on promise to 'get Brexit done' |first=Jon |last=Henley |website=The Guardian |date=13 December 2019 |access-date=23 June 2024 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705022253/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/dec/13/bombastic-boris-johnson-wins-huge-majority-on-promise-to-get-brexit-done |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-51244126 |title=Brexit: Boris Johnson signs withdrawal agreement in Downing Street |website=BBC News |date=24 January 2020 |access-date=23 June 2024 |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704230826/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-51244126 |url-status=live }} The COVID-19 pandemic saw the government institute extensive public health restrictions, including limitations on social interaction, that Johnson and some of his staff were later found to have broken. The resulting political scandal (Partygate), one of many controversies during Johnson's premiership, saw the Conservatives lose their poll lead.{{Cite web |last1=James |first1=Liam |last2=Middleton |first2=Joe |last3=Dalton |first3=Jane |date=11 January 2023 |title=Boris Johnson's biggest scandals: a timeline |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/boris-johnson-controversies-timeline-why-resign-b2260174.html |access-date=30 June 2024 |website=The Independent |language=en |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704210525/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/boris-johnson-controversies-timeline-why-resign-b2260174.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=12 January 2022 |title=Party claims the latest in a string of controversies for Boris Johnson |url=https://www.richmondandtwickenhamtimes.co.uk/news/national/19840997.party-claims-latest-string-controversies-boris-johnson/ |access-date=30 June 2024 |website=Richmond and Twickenham Times |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629173902/https://www.richmondandtwickenhamtimes.co.uk/news/national/19840997.party-claims-latest-string-controversies-boris-johnson/ |url-status=live }} These scandals culminated in the resignation of over 50 ministers from the Government following allegations of sexual misconduct against a government minister. Johnson resigned as prime minister in July 2022.{{Cite news |last=Amos |first=Owen |date=7 July 2022 |title=Boris Johnson resigns: Five things that led to the PM's downfall |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-62070422 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707212744/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-62070422 |archive-date=7 July 2022 |access-date=7 July 2022 |work=BBC News}} He resigned as an MP the following year,{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=Sam |date=7 July 2022 |title=UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson resigns |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/07/boris-johnson-resigns-as-uk-prime-minister.html |access-date=30 June 2024 |website=CNBC |language=en |archive-date=7 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707113826/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/07/boris-johnson-resigns-as-uk-prime-minister.html |url-status=live }} after an investigation unanimously found that he had lied to Parliament.{{Cite news |date=30 August 2023 |title=Privileges committee clerk performed 'hilarious' impersonation of Boris Johnson |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2023/08/30/privileges-committee-impersonation-boris-johnson/ |work=The Telegraph |access-date=29 June 2024 |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629195940/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2023/08/30/privileges-committee-impersonation-boris-johnson/ |url-status=live }}
Liz Truss won the resultant leadership election and succeeded Johnson in September.{{Cite journal |last=Middleton |first=Alia |date=28 May 2023 |title=United Kingdom: political developments and data in 2022 |journal=European Journal of Political Research |volume=62 |page=528 |doi=10.1111/2047-8852.12401 |doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Nicholas |date=6 January 2023 |title=Those who wear the crown wield the knife: the brutality of recent takeover reshuffles |journal=The Political Quarterly |volume=94 |issue=1 |doi=10.1111/1467-923X.13229 |doi-access=free |page=36}} Truss announced large-scale tax cuts and borrowing in a mini-budget on 23 September, although many of its measures were reversed following financial instability.{{Cite journal |last=Marsh |first=David |date=22 June 2023 |title=Britain's failed attempt at monetary and fiscal exceptionalism |journal=The Economist's Voice |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=119–130 |doi=10.1515/ev-2023-0021 |doi-access=free}} She resigned in October, making her the shortest-serving prime minister in British history,{{Cite news |date=20 October 2022 |title=Liz Truss resigns as UK prime minister |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/uk-politics-63309400 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020111535/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/uk-politics-63309400 |archive-date=20 October 2022 |access-date=20 October 2022 |work=BBC News}} and was succeeded unopposed by Rishi Sunak.{{Cite news |date=24 October 2022 |title=Rishi Sunak: A quick guide to the UK's new prime minister |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-63345272 |access-date=4 June 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=18 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118012024/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-63345272 |url-status=live}}
During his premiership, Sunak was credited with improving the economy and stabilising national politics following the premierships of his predecessors,{{Cite book |last1=Seldon |first1=Anthony |title=The Impossible Office?: The History of the British Prime Minister—Revised and Updated |last2=Meakin |first2=Jonathan |last3=Thoms |first3=Illias |last4=Egerton |first4=Tom |date=2024 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-0094-2977-1 |author-link1=Anthony Seldon |pages=398{{Endash}}400}} although many of his pledges and policy announcements ultimately went unfulfilled.{{Cite news |last=Reuben |first=Anthony |date=17 June 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak's five promises: What progress has he made? |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/65647308 |url-status=live |access-date=18 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617153902/https://www.bbc.com/news/65647308 |archive-date=17 June 2024}}{{Cite news |last=Brown |first=Faye |date=5 October 2023 |title=What is the new Advanced British Standard replacing A-Levels? |work=Sky News |url=https://news.sky.com/story/what-is-the-new-advanced-british-standard-replacing-a-levels-12977383 |url-status=live |access-date=18 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611145656/https://news.sky.com/story/what-is-the-new-advanced-british-standard-replacing-a-levels-12977383 |archive-date=11 June 2024}} He did not avert further unpopularity for the Conservatives who, by the time of Sunak's election, had been in government for 12 years. Public opinion in favour of a change in government was reflected in the Conservatives' poor performance at the 2022, 2023 and 2024 local elections.{{Cite news |date=15 April 2024 |title=Explore our prediction model for Britain's looming election |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2024/04/15/explore-our-prediction-model-for-britains-looming-election |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528000147/https://www.economist.com/britain/2024/04/15/explore-our-prediction-model-for-britains-looming-election |archive-date=28 May 2024 |access-date=28 May 2024 |newspaper=The Economist}}
= Political background of other parties before the election =
Keir Starmer won the Labour Party's 2020 leadership election, succeeding Jeremy Corbyn.{{Cite news |last=Lynch |first=David |date=4 April 2020 |title=Labour leadership: Keir Starmer will lead the party after Jeremy Corbyn's exit |url=https://www.oxfordmail.co.uk/news/18358449.labour-leadership-keir-starmer-will-lead-jeremy-corbyns-exit/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406192956/https://www.oxfordmail.co.uk/news/18358449.labour-leadership-keir-starmer-will-lead-jeremy-corbyns-exit/ |archive-date=6 April 2020 |access-date=4 April 2020 |work=Oxford Mail |publisher=Newsquest Media Group}} Under his leadership, Starmer repositioned the party away from the left and toward the political centre, and emphasised the elimination of antisemitism within the party.{{Cite news |author=Nicholas Cecil |title=Sir Keir Starmer to declare Labour is 'party of the centre-ground' once again |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/keir-starmer-keynote-speech-labour-party-conference-liz-truss-tory-kwasi-kwarteng-b1028265.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010174607/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/keir-starmer-keynote-speech-labour-party-conference-liz-truss-tory-kwasi-kwarteng-b1028265.html |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=5 May 2023 |publisher=Evening Standard}}{{Cite news |last1=Webber |first1=Esther |last2=Courea |first2=Eleni |last3=Casalicchio |first3=Emilio |last4=Rea |first4=Ailbhe |date=27 September 2022 |title='No Drama Starmer': Is the UK Labour Party quietly marching back to power? |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/keir-starmer-uk-labour-party-conference-election/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505145752/https://www.politico.eu/article/keir-starmer-uk-labour-party-conference-election/ |archive-date=5 May 2023 |access-date=5 May 2023 |work=Politico}} Starmer's leading his party rightward in order to improve its electability has been widely compared to Tony Blair's development of New Labour in the 1990s. The political turmoil from the Conservative scandals and government crises led to Labour having a significant lead in polling over the Conservatives, often by very wide margins, since late 2021, coinciding with the start of the Partygate scandal. Labour made gains in local elections: in the 2023 local elections, Labour gained more than 500 councillors and 22 councils, becoming the largest party in local government for the first time since 2002.{{Cite news |author=Joshua Nevett |date=5 May 2023 |title=Local elections 2023: Labour eyes power after crushing Tory losses |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-65503082 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505195139/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-65503082 |archive-date=5 May 2023 |access-date=5 May 2023 |publisher=BBC News}}
Ed Davey, who previously served in the Cameron–Clegg coalition, won the Liberal Democrat's 2020 leadership election, succeeding Jo Swinson, who lost her seat in the previous general election.{{Cite news |date=27 August 2020 |title=Sir Ed Davey wins Liberal Democrats leadership election |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-53933470 |access-date=27 August 2020 |work=BBC News |archive-date=27 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200827104202/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-53933470 |url-status=live }} Davey prioritised defeating the Conservatives and ruled out working with them following the election.{{Cite web |last=Read |first=Jonathon |date=13 July 2020 |title=Ed Davey says he is 'anti-Conservative' and will work with Keir Starmer to oust Boris Johnson |url=https://www.theneweuropean.co.uk/top-stories/ed-davey-on-keir-starmer-and-boris-johnson-1-6742995 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726104417/https://www.theneweuropean.co.uk/top-stories/ed-davey-on-keir-starmer-and-boris-johnson-1-6742995 |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=26 July 2020 |website=The New European}} The Liberal Democrats made gains in local elections: in the 2024 local elections, the Liberal Democrats finished second for the first time in a local election cycle since 2009.{{Cite web |title=Britain's Conservatives trounced in local elections as Labour makes gains |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/4/britains-conservatives-trounced-in-local |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |archive-date=16 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516100659/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/4/britains-conservatives-trounced-in-local |url-status=live }}
Like the Conservatives, the Scottish National Party (SNP) suffered political turmoil and saw a decrease in their popularity in opinion polling, with multiple party leaders and First Ministers (Nicola Sturgeon, Humza Yousaf and John Swinney) and the Operation Branchform police investigation. Sturgeon claimed occupational burnout was the reason for her resignation,{{Cite news |date=15 February 2023 |title=Nicola Sturgeon says time is right to resign as Scotland's first minister |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-64647907 |access-date=15 February 2023 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=22 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222033702/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-64647907 |url-status=live }} while Yousaf resigned amid a government crisis following his termination of a power-sharing agreement with the Scottish Greens.{{Cite web |title=Scotland's first minister Humza Yousaf resigns |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/29/scotlands-first-minister-humza-yousaf-resigns |access-date=29 April 2024 |publisher=Al Jazeera |language=en |archive-date=29 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429111419/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/29/scotlands-first-minister-humza-yousaf-resigns |url-status=live }} When Swinney assumed the leadership after being elected unopposed to succeed Yousaf, the SNP had been in government for 17 years.{{Cite web |date=6 May 2024 |title=John Swinney wins SNP leadership unopposed |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c72pk2qpqevo |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=6 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506114117/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c72pk2qpqevo |url-status=live }}
Carla Denyer and Adrian Ramsay took over leadership of the Green Party of England and Wales from Siân Berry and Jonathan Bartley in 2021. Rhun ap Iorwerth took over leadership of Plaid Cymru. The Brexit Party rebranded as Reform UK, and was initially led by Richard Tice in the years preceding the election before Nigel Farage resumed leadership during the election campaign.{{Cite web |date=12 June 2024 |title=Who is Richard Tice? The ex-Reform UK leader replaced by Nigel Farage |url=https://news.sky.com/story/richard-tice-the-self-proclaimed-no-nonsense-reform-uk-leader-who-took-over-from-nigel-farage-13050173 |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=Sky News |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705010049/https://news.sky.com/story/richard-tice-the-self-proclaimed-no-nonsense-reform-uk-leader-who-took-over-from-nigel-farage-13050173 |url-status=live }} Edwin Poots took over as the Democratic Unionist Party leader in May 2021 but lasted only 20 days. He was replaced by Jeffrey Donaldson, who resigned in March 2024 after being arrested on charges relating to historical sex offences. He appeared in court on 3 July, the day before polling day, to face additional sex offence charges.{{Cite web |last=Pepper |first=Diarmuid |date=1 July 2024 |title=Alliance confident of taking Westminster seat Jeffrey Donaldson has held for almost three decades |url=https://www.thejournal.ie/alliance-sorcha-eastwood-lagan-valley-uk-general-election-6419512-Jul2024/ |access-date=3 July 2024 |website=TheJournal.ie |language=en |archive-date=2 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702005953/https://www.thejournal.ie/alliance-sorcha-eastwood-lagan-valley-uk-general-election-6419512-Jul2024/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=McCambridge |first=Jonathan |date=2 July 2024 |title=Former DUP leader Jeffrey Donaldson facing more sex offence charges |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/courtandcrime/arid-41428231.html |access-date=3 July 2024 |website=Irish Examiner |language=en |archive-date=2 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702182619/https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/courtandcrime/arid-41428231.html |url-status=live }} Gavin Robinson initially took over as interim leader,{{Cite news |title=DUP leader Sir Jeffrey Donaldson resigns after rape charge |work=BBC News |date=29 March 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68686691 |access-date=29 March 2024 |archive-date=29 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529135156/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68686691 |url-status=live }} and then became the permanent leader in May.{{Cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title=Who is DUP leader Gavin Robinson? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggkp1vr75o |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=BBC News |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704225040/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggkp1vr75o |url-status=live }}
New political parties who made their campaign debuts in this election included the Alba Party, led by former Scottish First Minister Alex Salmond, and the Workers Party of Britain, led by anti-war activist George Galloway, who won the 2024 Rochdale by-election in a political upset three months before the election was called – advertising himself as a protest candidate against Labour's stance on the Israel–Hamas war and appealing to the constituency's sizeable Muslim population.{{Cite web |last=Robertson |first=Adam |date=5 July 2024 |title=Alba lose deposit in ALL seats where candidates stood in General Election |url=https://www.thenational.scot/news/24432761.general-election-results-alba-candidates-lose-deposits/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705214548/https://www.thenational.scot/news/24432761.general-election-results-alba-candidates-lose-deposits/ |archive-date=5 July 2024 |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=The National}} However, Alba lost both its seats and the Workers Party lost their sole seat of Rochdale after Galloway was beaten by Labour's Paul Waugh, having only been an MP for 92 days.{{Cite web |last=Humphries |first=Jonny |date=5 July 2024 |title=George Galloway beaten by Labour in Rochdale |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0krqdwg155o |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=BBC News |archive-date=6 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706013406/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0krqdwg155o |url-status=live }}
= Changes to the composition of the House of Commons before the election =
{{2019–2024 UK House of Commons composition}}
Date of the election
File:Dissolution of Parliament 2024 Royal Proclamation (15).jpg on the steps of the Royal Exchange]]
Originally, the next election was scheduled to take place on 2 May 2024 under the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011.{{Efn|The Fixed-term Parliaments Act automatically scheduled general elections for the first Thursday in May of the fifth year after the previous general election.{{Cite web |title=Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011: Section 1 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2011/14/section/1/enacted |website=legislation.gov.uk |access-date=23 May 2024 |archive-date=4 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204034413/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2011/14/section/1/enacted |url-status=live}} The previous election was held in December 2019.}} At the 2019 general election, in which the Conservatives won a majority of 80 seats, the party's manifesto contained a commitment to repeal the Fixed-term Parliaments Act.{{Cite news |last=Kettle |first=Martin |date=12 December 2019 |title=If the exit poll is right, this election will transform British politics |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/dec/12/exit-poll-election-boris-johnson-jeremy-corbyn-labour |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523061014/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/dec/12/exit-poll-election-boris-johnson-jeremy-corbyn-labour |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=13 December 2019 |work=The Guardian}} In December 2020, the government duly published a draft Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 (Repeal) Bill, later retitled the Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022.{{Cite web |date=1 December 2020 |title=Government to fulfil manifesto commitment and scrap Fixed-term Parliaments Act |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-to-fulfil-manifesto-commitment-and-scrap-fixed-term-parliaments-act |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205115204/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-to-fulfil-manifesto-commitment-and-scrap-fixed-term-parliaments-act |archive-date=5 December 2020 |access-date=6 December 2020 |website=gov.uk}}{{Cite news |date=12 May 2021 |title=Boris Johnson pushes for power to call election at any time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-57090451 |access-date=29 June 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704223153/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-57090451 |url-status=live }} This entered into force on 24 March 2022. Thus, the prime minister can again request the monarch to dissolve Parliament and call an early election with 25 working days' notice. Section 4 of the Act provided: "If it has not been dissolved earlier, a Parliament dissolves at the beginning of the day that is the fifth anniversary of the day on which it first met". The Electoral Commission confirmed that the 2019 Parliament would, therefore, have to be dissolved, at the latest, by 17 December 2024, and that the next general election had to take place no later than 28 January 2025.{{Cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Electoral administration bulletin |url=https://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/sites/default/files/2022-03/ElectoralAdministrationBulletin-304-Scotland.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523071232/https://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/sites/default/files/2022-03/ElectoralAdministrationBulletin-304-Scotland.pdf |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=26 March 2023 |website=Electoral Commission}}{{Cite web |last=Bloom |first=Dan |date=17 March 2023 |title=London Playbook: Strikes hope — Budget fallout — Labour's election prep |url=https://www.politico.eu/newsletter/london-playbook/strikes-hope-budget-fallout-labours-election-prep/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326150500/https://www.politico.eu/newsletter/london-playbook/strikes-hope-budget-fallout-labours-election-prep/ |archive-date=26 March 2023 |access-date=26 March 2023 |website=Politico}}
With no election date fixed in law, there was speculation as to when the prime minister, Rishi Sunak, would call an election. On 18 December 2023, Sunak told journalists that the election would take place in 2024 rather than January 2025.{{Cite web |date=18 December 2023 |title=Rishi Sunak confirms election will be next year, despite legal right to wait until January 2025 |url=https://www.politics.co.uk/news/2023/12/18/rishi-sunak-confirms-election-will-be-next-year-despite-legal-right-to-wait-until-january-2025/ |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Politics.co.uk |language=en-US |archive-date=12 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312204933/https://www.politics.co.uk/news/2023/12/18/rishi-sunak-confirms-election-will-be-next-year-despite-legal-right-to-wait-until-january-2025/ |url-status=live}} On 4 January, he first suggested the general election would probably be in the second half of 2024.{{Cite news |last=Stacey |first=Kiran |date=4 January 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak indicates he will not call election until second half of 2024 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2024/jan/04/rishi-sunak-hints-he-will-delay-calling-election-until-second-half-of-2024 |access-date=17 June 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=21 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221104203/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2024/jan/04/rishi-sunak-hints-he-will-delay-calling-election-until-second-half-of-2024 |url-status=live }} Throughout 2024, political commentators and MPs expected the election to be held in the autumn.{{Cite news |last=Riley-Smith |first=Ben |date=5 May 2024 |title=No 10 'shelves plan for summer general election' |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/05/05/downing-street-shelves-plan-summer-general-election/ |access-date=1 July 2024 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |quote=Downing Street has shelved plans for a general election this summer, The Telegraph understands, with an autumn vote now widely expected after Tory local election defeats. |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704231655/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/05/05/downing-street-shelves-plan-summer-general-election/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last1=Parker |first1=George |last2=Strauss |first2=Delphine |last3=Pickard |first3=Jim |date=23 April 2024 |title=Summer or autumn? Rishi Sunak's election date dilemma |url=https://www.ft.com/content/56c1b4e2-d6c3-43e5-a0f7-e4b0c2d3a1a9 |access-date=1 July 2024 |website=Financial Times |quote=Sunak's aides insist they are still "planning for an autumn election" and most Tory MPs remain convinced the prime minister will play it long, hoping for a revival in economic and political fortunes later in the year. |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701152934/https://www.ft.com/content/56c1b4e2-d6c3-43e5-a0f7-e4b0c2d3a1a9 |url-status=live}}{{Cite news |last1=Stewart |first1=Heather |last2=Mason |first2=Rowena |date=22 May 2024 |title=Why has the UK PM called a general election, what's at stake and what happens now? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/may/22/why-has-the-uk-pm-called-a-general-election-whats-at-stake-and-what-happens-now |access-date=1 July 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |quote=Many observers had expected the poll to be held in the autumn – perhaps in October or November |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705021056/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/may/22/why-has-the-uk-pm-called-a-general-election-whats-at-stake-and-what-happens-now |url-status=live}} On 22 May 2024, following much speculation through the day (including being asked about it by Stephen Flynn at Prime Minister's Questions),{{Cite news |last=Brown |first=Faye |date=23 May 2024 |title=General election called for 4 July, as Rishi Sunak says 'now is the moment for Britain to choose its future' |url=https://news.sky.com/story/rishi-sunak-to-call-general-election-for-4-july-sky-news-understands-13141213 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522153945/https://news.sky.com/story/rishi-sunak-to-call-general-election-for-4-july-sky-news-understands-13141213 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024 |publisher=Sky News |language=en-GB}}{{Cite news |last=Crerar |first=Pippa |date=22 May 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak will call general election for July in surprise move – sources |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/may/22/rishi-sunak-will-call-general-election-for-july-in-surprise-move-sources |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523061012/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/may/22/rishi-sunak-will-call-general-election-for-july-in-surprise-move-sources |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB}}{{Cite news |date=22 May 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak expected to announce summer general election shortly |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/uk-politics-69042935 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522114337/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/uk-politics-69042935 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024 |publisher=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Sunak officially announced the election would be held on 4 July with the dissolution of the Parliament on 30 May.{{Cite news |title=Rishi Sunak announces 4 July vote in Downing Street statement |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69042935 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608214915/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/uk-politics-69042935 |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}
The deadline for candidate nominations was 7 June 2024, with political campaigning for four weeks until polling day on 4 July. On the day of the election, polling stations across the country were open from 7 am, and closed at 10 pm. The date chosen for the 2024 general election made it the first to be held in July since the 1945 general election almost exactly seventy-nine years earlier. A total of 4,515 candidates were nominated, more than in any previous general election.{{Cite web |last=Moss |first=Neil |date=10 June 2024 |title=Record number of candidates standing at election |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3ggeng6kqxo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610221049/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3ggeng6kqxo |archive-date=10 June 2024 |access-date=10 June 2024 |website=BBC News}}
= Timetable{{Table alignment}} =
Electoral system
{{see also|Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011|Politics of the United Kingdom}}
General elections in the United Kingdom are organised using first-past-the-post voting. The Conservative Party, which won a majority at the 2019 general election, included pledges in its manifesto to remove the 15-year limit on voting for British citizens living abroad, and to introduce a voter identification requirement in Great Britain.{{Cite web |date=19 December 2021 |title=The 2019 Conservative manifesto half-time analysis |url=https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/publication/report/2019-conservative-manifesto-half-time-analysis |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=Institute for Government |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704223154/https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/publication/report/2019-conservative-manifesto-half-time-analysis |url-status=live}} For the primary source, see {{Cite web|url=https://vote.conservatives.com/our-plan|title=Our Plan {{!}} Conservative Manifesto 2019|work=Conservative Party|access-date=17 December 2019|archive-date=16 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216175910/https://vote.conservatives.com/our-plan|url-status=live}} These changes were included in the Elections Act 2022.{{Cite web |title=Greater protections for voters as government's Elections Bill achieves Royal Assent |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/greater-protections-for-voters-as-governments-elections-bill-achieves-royal-assent |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=GOV.UK |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705000207/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/greater-protections-for-voters-as-governments-elections-bill-achieves-royal-assent |url-status=live }}
= Boundary reviews =
File:Brookfield Primary School as a polling station.jpg. The polling station had been in a different constituency before the boundary review.]]The Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, which proposed reducing the number of constituencies from 650 to 600, commenced in 2011 but was paused in January 2013. Following the 2015 general election, each of the four parliamentary boundary commissions of the United Kingdom recommenced their review process in April 2016.{{Cite web|title=Boundary review launched|url=http://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/boundary-review-launched/|website=Boundary Commission for England|access-date=30 October 2019|date=24 February 2016|archive-date=26 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226221033/http://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/boundary-review-launched/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/reviews/2018-review|title=2018 Review of Westminster Parliamentary constituencies|publisher=Boundary Commission for Scotland|access-date=30 October 2019|archive-date=30 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030060443/https://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/reviews/2018-review|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://bcomm-wales.gov.uk/taxonomy/term/3|title=2018 Review|publisher=Boundary Commission for Wales|access-date=30 October 2019|archive-date=27 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927110056/https://bcomm-wales.gov.uk/taxonomy/term/3|url-status=live}} The four commissions submitted their final recommendations to the Secretary of State on 5 September 2018{{Cite web |date=16 February 2016 |title=2018 Review |work=Boundary Commission for Northern Ireland |url=https://www.boundarycommission.org.uk/2018-review |access-date=17 September 2018 |archive-date=8 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708192126/https://www.boundarycommission.org.uk/2018-review |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=Towards final recommendations (and beyond) |url=https://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/towards-final-recommendations-and-beyond/ |access-date=8 July 2018 |website=Boundary Commission for England |archive-date=8 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708192256/https://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/towards-final-recommendations-and-beyond/ |url-status=live }} and made their reports public a week later.{{Cite web |title=2018 Review |url=https://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/2018-review/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910204427/https://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/2018-review/ |archive-date=10 September 2018 |access-date=17 September 2018 |website=Boundary Commission for England }}{{Cite web |title=2018 Review of Westminster Constituencies |url=http://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/reviews/2018-review |access-date=17 September 2018 |publisher=Boundary Commission for Scotland |archive-date=30 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030060443/https://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/reviews/2018-review |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=2018 Review of Parliamentary constituencies |url=http://bcomm-wales.gov.uk/2018-review/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018064912/http://bcomm-wales.gov.uk/2018-review/?lang=en |archive-date=18 October 2016 |access-date=17 September 2018 |publisher=Boundary Commission for Wales }} However, the proposals were never put forward for approval before the calling of the general election held on 12 December 2019, and in December 2020 the reviews were formally abandoned under the Schedule to the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020.{{Cite web |title=Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2020/25/enacted |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806051906/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2020/25/enacted |archive-date=6 August 2021 |access-date= |website=}} A projection by psephologists Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher of how the 2017 votes would have translated to seats under the 2018 boundaries suggested the changes would have been beneficial to the Conservatives and detrimental to Labour.{{Cite tweet|user=ian_a_jones|last=Jones|first=Ian|number=1039172363730870273|title=New constituency boundaries could have given the Tories a majority of 16 at the last election (projection: Rallings/Thrasher).|access-date=30 October 2019}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.itv.com/news/2018-09-10/new-parliamentary-map-would-have-given-tories-a-majority-of-16-at-last-election/|title=New parliamentary map would have given Tories a majority of 16 at last election|work=ITV News|access-date=30 October 2019|date=10 September 2018|archive-date=8 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191008143304/https://www.itv.com/news/2018-09-10/new-parliamentary-map-would-have-given-tories-a-majority-of-16-at-last-election/|url-status=live}}
In March 2020, Cabinet Office minister Chloe Smith confirmed that the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies would be based on retaining 650 seats.{{Cite news |title=Correspondence with Chloe Smith MP |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5801/cmselect/cmpubadm/correspondence/Correspondence-with-Chloe-Smith-MP-Minister-of-State-on-constituency-boundary-review-dated-24.30.3.20.pdf |access-date=4 April 2020 |archive-date=23 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923202202/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5801/cmselect/cmpubadm/correspondence/Correspondence-with-Chloe-Smith-MP-Minister-of-State-on-constituency-boundary-review-dated-24.30.3.20.pdf |url-status=live}}{{Cite news |last=Proctor |first=Kate |date=26 March 2020 |title=MPs no longer to get automatic vote on constituency boundary plans |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2020/mar/26/mps-no-longer-to-get-automatic-vote-on-constituency-boundary-plans |issn=0261-3077 |access-date=4 April 2020 |archive-date=21 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221113623/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2020/mar/26/mps-no-longer-to-get-automatic-vote-on-constituency-boundary-plans |url-status=live}} The previous relevant legislation was amended by the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020{{Cite web |title=Parliamentary Constituencies Act |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2020/25/contents/enacted |access-date=17 December 2020 |website=legislation.gov.uk |archive-date=21 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221104505/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2020/25/contents/enacted |url-status=live}} and the four boundary commissions formally launched their 2023 reviews on 5 January 2021.{{Cite web |title=2023 Review launched |url=https://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/2023-review-launched/ |access-date=7 January 2021 |website=Boundary Commission for England |language=en-GB |archive-date=5 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105135738/https://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/2023-review-launched/ |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |title=2023 Review of UK Parliament Constituencies |url=https://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/?q=reviews/2023-review-uk-parliament-constituencies |access-date=7 January 2021 |website=Boundary Commission for Scotland |archive-date=5 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105130847/https://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/?q=reviews%2F2023-review-uk-parliament-constituencies |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |title=2023 Review |url=https://bcomm-wales.gov.uk/reviews/01-21/2023-review |access-date=7 January 2021 |website=Boundary Commission for Wales |archive-date=5 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105133549/https://bcomm-wales.gov.uk/reviews/01-21/2023-review |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |date=5 January 2021 |title=2023 Review: Electoral Quota and Allocation of Constituencies Announced |url=https://www.boundarycommission.org.uk/news/2023-review-electoral-quota-and-allocation-constituencies-announced |access-date=7 January 2021 |website=Boundary Commission for Northern Ireland |archive-date=5 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105102609/https://www.boundarycommission.org.uk/news/2023-review-electoral-quota-and-allocation-constituencies-announced |url-status=live}} They were required to issue their final reports prior to 1 July 2023. Once the reports had been laid before Parliament, Orders in Council giving effect to the final proposals had to be made within four months, unless "there are exceptional circumstances". Prior to the Parliamentary Constituencies Act 2020, boundary changes could not be implemented until they were approved by both Houses of Parliament. The boundary changes were approved at a meeting of the Privy Council on 15 November 2023{{Cite web |url=https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/2023-11-15-List-of-Business.pdf |title=List of Business – 15th November 2023 |access-date=20 November 2023 |archive-date=16 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116181431/https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/2023-11-15-List-of-Business.pdf |url-status=live}} and came into force on 29 November 2023,{{Cite legislation UK |type=si |year=2023 |number=1230 |si=The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023 |access-date=20 November 2023}} meaning that the election was contested on these new boundaries.{{Cite web |last=Baston |first=Lewis |title=Lewis Baston: With Boris Johnson gone, who will win Uxbridge & South Ruislip? |url=https://www.onlondon.co.uk/lewis-baston-with-boris-johnson-gone-who-will-win-uxbridge-south-ruislip/ |website=On London |access-date=11 June 2023 |date=10 June 2023 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611071734/https://www.onlondon.co.uk/lewis-baston-with-boris-johnson-gone-who-will-win-uxbridge-south-ruislip/ |url-status=live}}
== Notional <!--"Notional" is correct, do not change to "National"-->2019 results ==
{{Main|2023 review of Westminster constituencies#Notional 2019 general election results}}
File:2019UKElectionNominalMap.svg, if they had taken place under boundaries recommended by the Sixth Periodic Review]]
The election was contested under new constituency boundaries established by the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies. Consequently, media outlets reported seat gains and losses as compared to notional results. These are estimates of the results if all votes cast in 2019 were unchanged, but regrouped by the new constituency boundaries.{{Cite web |year=2023 |title=2023 Boundary Review – Notional Election Results (GE2019) |url=https://paulsayers.me.uk/quick-reference-resources/2023-notional-election-results/ |access-date=14 September 2023 |website=Sayers Insights |language=en-GB |archive-date=3 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203120813/https://paulsayers.me.uk/quick-reference-resources/2023-notional-election-results/ |url-status=live}} Since notional results in the vote counts at parliamentary elections in the UK do not yield figures at any level more specific than that of the whole constituency,{{Cite news |date=16 January 2024 |title=General election: Labour would need record swing to win |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-67361138 |access-date=23 May 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=23 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523152251/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-67361138 |url-status=live}} it is only possible to estimate the notional results, with the assistance of local election results.
In England, seats were redistributed towards Southern England, away from Northern England, due to the different rates of population growth. North West England and North East England lost two seats each, whereas South East England gained seven and South West England gained three.{{Cite news |date=8 June 2021 |title=Boundary review: Winners and losers from proposed changes |language=en-GB |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-57400901 |access-date=6 October 2023 |archive-date=3 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203023104/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-57400901 |url-status=live}} Based on historical voting patterns, this was expected to help the Conservatives. Using the new boundaries, different parties would have won several constituencies with unchanged names but changed boundaries from the 2019 election. For example, the Conservatives would have won Wirral West and Leeds North West instead of the Labour Party, but Labour would have won Pudsey and Heywood & Middleton instead of the Conservatives. Westmorland and Lonsdale, the constituency represented by former Liberal Democrat leader Tim Farron, was notionally a Conservative seat.{{Cite web |date=8 November 2022 |title=Tories could gain most from new election map |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-63556905 |access-date=6 October 2023 |publisher=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=21 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921154842/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-63556905 |url-status=live}}{{Cite web |last=Wilks-Heeg |first=Stuart |date=23 January 2024 |title=UK constituency boundaries are being redrawn to make them more equal – but it won't save the Conservatives |url=http://theconversation.com/uk-constituency-boundaries-are-being-redrawn-to-make-them-more-equal-but-it-wont-save-the-conservatives-221256 |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US |archive-date=6 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706031131/http://theconversation.com/uk-constituency-boundaries-are-being-redrawn-to-make-them-more-equal-but-it-wont-save-the-conservatives-221256 |url-status=live}}
In Scotland, 57 MPs were elected, down from the 59 in 2019,{{Cite news |last=Media |first=P. A. |date=8 November 2022 |title=Scotland to lose two Commons seats in latest Boundary Commission proposals |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/nov/08/scotland-to-lose-two-commons-seats-in-latest-boundary-commission-proposals |access-date=6 October 2023 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=23 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523061015/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/nov/08/scotland-to-lose-two-commons-seats-in-latest-boundary-commission-proposals |url-status=live}} with the following notional partisan composition of Scotland's parliamentary delegation. The Scottish National Party would have remained steady on 48 seats despite two of its constituencies being dissolved. The Scottish Conservatives' seat count of six would likewise remained unchanged. Scottish Labour would have retained Edinburgh South, the sole constituency they won in 2019. Had the 2019 general election occurred with the new boundaries in effect, the Scottish Liberal Democrats would have only won two seats (Edinburgh West and Orkney and Shetland), instead of the four they did win that year, as the expanded electorates in the other two would overcome their slender majorities.{{Cite news |last=Sim |first=Philip |date=6 June 2024 |title=How Scotland's new election map reshapes the race |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-69053055 |access-date=6 July 2024 |work=BBC News |archive-date=6 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706025036/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-69053055 |url-status=live}}
Under the new boundaries, Wales lost eight seats, electing 32 MPs instead of the 40 it elected in 2019. Welsh Labour would have won 18 instead of the 22 MPs it elected in 2019, and the Welsh Conservatives 12 instead of 14. Due to the abolition and merging of rural constituencies in West Wales, Plaid Cymru would have only won two seats instead of four. Nonetheless, the boundary changes were expected to cause difficulty for the Conservatives as more pro-Labour areas were added to some of their strongest seats.{{Cite news |date=28 June 2023 |title=Map of Welsh MPs seats redrawn as number to be cut to 32 |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-politics-65989015 |access-date=6 October 2023 |archive-date=23 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523071233/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-politics-65989015 |url-status=live}}
In Northern Ireland, the notional results are identical to the actual results of the 2019 general election in Northern Ireland.{{Cite web |date=4 July 2024 |title=Live results map of the UK general election |url=https://www.ft.com/content/f7c426b0-3fdd-40b0-9110-39a280ada513 |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=Financial Times |archive-date=7 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707073452/https://ig.ft.com/uk-general-election/2024/results/ |url-status=live}}
Campaign
= Overview =
Labour entered the election with a large lead over the Conservatives in opinion polls, and the potential scale of the party's victory was a topic of discussion during the campaign period. The economy, healthcare, education, infrastructure development, environment, housing, energy, and immigration, and standards in public office were main campaign topics. The Conservative campaign led by Rishi Sunak focused primarily on attacks towards Labour over alleged tax plans including a – robustly disputed – claim that Labour would cost households £2,000 more in tax.{{Cite web |date=3 July 2024 |title=Everyone except Rishi Sunak knows he's destined for failure |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/rishi-sunak-failure/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704041934/https://www.politico.eu/article/rishi-sunak-failure/ |archive-date=4 July 2024 |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=POLITICO |language=en-GB}}{{Cite web |date=2 July 2024 |title=Why it looks like British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak is about to lose the election |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/british-prime-minister-rishi-sunak-conservative-election-loss-defeat-rcna157497 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240703225816/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/british-prime-minister-rishi-sunak-conservative-election-loss-defeat-rcna157497 |archive-date=3 July 2024 |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=NBC News |language=en}}
Keir Starmer used the word "change" as his campaign slogan and offered voters the chance to "turn the page" by voting Labour.{{Cite web |last=Rogers |first=Alexandra |title=Sir Keir Starmer says election is 'moment country has been waiting for' as he declares 'it is time for change' |url=https://news.sky.com/story/sir-keir-starmer-says-election-is-moment-country-has-been-waiting-for-as-he-declares-it-is-time-for-change-13141389 |access-date=24 June 2024 |website=Sky News |language=en |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624084045/https://news.sky.com/story/sir-keir-starmer-says-election-is-moment-country-has-been-waiting-for-as-he-declares-it-is-time-for-change-13141389 |url-status=live }} The Liberal Democrat campaign led by Ed Davey was dominated by his campaign stunts, which were used to bring attention to campaign topics.{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Hannah |date=31 May 2024 |title=Lib Dems aim to grab attention with campaign stunts |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c844p844eqxo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615124843/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c844p844eqxo |archive-date=15 June 2024 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}{{Cite news |title=People are crying out for change – Ed Davey |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-69049167 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240522185627/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-69049167 |archive-date=22 May 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}} When asked about these stunts, Davey said: "Politicians need to take the concerns and interests of voters seriously but I'm not sure they need to take themselves seriously all the time and I'm quite happy to have some fun."{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/tv/news/ed-davey-stunt-lib-dems-election-b2554371.html |title=Ed Davey rides rubber ring on waterslide as Lib Dems campaign about children's mental health |date=31 May 2024 |last=Patrick |first=Holly |language=en |access-date=1 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601145443/https://www.independent.co.uk/tv/news/ed-davey-stunt-lib-dems-election-b2554371.html |archive-date=1 June 2024 |url-status=live |work=The Independent}} Party manifesto and fiscal spending plans were independently analysed by the Institute for Fiscal Studies{{Cite web |title=General Election 2024: IFS manifesto analysis |url=https://ifs.org.uk/events/general-election-2024-ifs-manifesto-analysis |access-date=8 July 2024 |website=Institute for Fiscal Studies |language=en |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704180801/https://ifs.org.uk/events/general-election-2024-ifs-manifesto-analysis |url-status=live }} and their environmental policies were assessed by Friends of the Earth.{{Cite web |title=General election 2024 manifestos: final scores |url=https://friendsoftheearth.uk/system-change/general-election-2024-manifestos-final-scores |access-date=10 July 2024 |website=Friends of the Earth UK |language=en |archive-date=10 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240710091721/https://friendsoftheearth.uk/system-change/general-election-2024-manifestos-final-scores |url-status=live }}
= Announcement =
File:Rishi Sunak announces the 2024 general election.jpg announcing the date of the election]]
On the afternoon of 22 May 2024, Sunak announced that he had asked the King to call a general election for 4 July 2024, surprising his own MPs.{{Cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=How Rishi Sunak sprung general election surprise on Tories |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c9rr73w103vo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526205032/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c9rr73w103vo |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=27 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Though Sunak had the option to wait until December 2024 to call the election, he said that he decided on the date because he believed that the economy was improving, and that "falling inflation and net migration figures would reinforce the Conservative Party's election message of 'sticking to the plan'".{{Cite news |date=22 May 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak and Keir Starmer kick off election campaigns |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/may/22/rishi-sunak-will-call-general-election-for-july-in-surprise-move-sources |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523061012/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/may/22/rishi-sunak-will-call-general-election-for-july-in-surprise-move-sources |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024}} The calling of the election was welcomed by all major parties.{{Cite web |last=Picheta |first=Rob |date=22 May 2024 |title=UK PM Rishi Sunak calls surprise July vote as his party seeks to defy dire polls |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/05/22/uk/uk-early-elections-sunak-conservatives-intl/index.html |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=CNN |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629215245/https://www.cnn.com/2024/05/22/uk/uk-early-elections-sunak-conservatives-intl/index.html |url-status=live }}
Sunak's announcement took place during heavy rain at a lectern outside 10 Downing Street, without the use of any shelter from the downpour.{{Cite web |last=Constable |first=Oli |title=General Election: Sunak jokes about avoiding cold after soggy speech |date=25 May 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cyeepl9ngl5o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528215302/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cyeepl9ngl5o |archive-date=28 May 2024 |access-date=28 May 2024 |publisher=BBC}} The D:Ream song "Things Can Only Get Better" (previously used by the Labour Party in its successful 1997 general election campaign) was being played loudly in the background by the political activist Steve Bray as Sunak announced the date of the general election.{{Cite news |last=Mitchell |first=Archie |date=22 May 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak's election announcement drowned out by Blair's 1997 theme tune by D:Ream |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/rishi-sunak-general-election-announcement-song-d-ream-blair-b2549683.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523003530/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/rishi-sunak-general-election-announcement-song-d-ream-blair-b2549683.html |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=23 May 2024 |work=The Independent |language=en}} This led to the song reaching number two on UK's iTunes Charts.{{Cite web |last=Barber |first=Nicholas |title=D:Ream's Things Can Only Get Better: The unlikely pop song that became a defining British political anthem |url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20240626-d-reams-unlikely-pop-song-that-became-a-defining-british-political-anthem |access-date=28 June 2024 |website=www.bbc.com |date=27 June 2024 |language=en-GB |archive-date=28 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628054030/https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20240626-d-reams-unlikely-pop-song-that-became-a-defining-british-political-anthem |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |date=31 May 2024 |title='Never again': D:Ream ban Labour from using Things Can Only Get Better |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/01/things-can-only-get-better-group-ban-labour-from-using-song |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602131820/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/01/things-can-only-get-better-group-ban-labour-from-using-song |archive-date=2 June 2024 |work=PA Media |quote=The band members expressed regret at letting Tony Blair use the track for his general election victory celebrations in 1997, saying they were accused of "having blood on their hands" after the UK got involved with the war in Iraq.}}
= 22–29 May =
At the beginning of the campaign, Labour had a significant lead in polling over the Conservatives.{{Cite web |date=26 May 2024 |title=General election 2024: Polling guru crunches the numbers... in 60 seconds |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/videos/cw00j25xqkjo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529003132/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/videos/cw00j25xqkjo |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Polling also showed Labour doing well against the Scottish National Party (SNP) in Scotland.{{Cite web |last=Grant |first=Cameron |date=28 May 2024 |title=Balance Tips in Labour's Favour Among Scottish Voters |url=https://truenorth.scot/balance-tips-in-labours-favour-among-scottish-voters/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528232711/https://truenorth.scot/balance-tips-in-labours-favour-among-scottish-voters/ |archive-date=28 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=True North |language=en-US}} When visiting Windermere, Davey fell off a paddleboard, while campaigning to highlight the issue of sewage discharges into rivers and lakes.{{Cite news |last=Rawlinson |first=Kevin |date=28 May 2024 |title=Stunts, sewage and serious messaging: Lib Dems hope to capitalise on outrage at water pollution |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/may/28/stunts-sewage-and-serious-messaging-lib-dems-hope-to-capitalise-on-outrage-at-water-pollution |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615124843/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/may/28/stunts-sewage-and-serious-messaging-lib-dems-hope-to-capitalise-on-outrage-at-water-pollution |archive-date=15 June 2024 |access-date=1 June 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}} A couple of days later, Davey won media attention when going down a Slip 'N Slide, while drawing attention to deteriorating mental health among children.
On 23 May, Sunak said that before the election there would be no flights to Rwanda for those seeking asylum.{{Cite news |last1=Seddon |first1=Paul |last2=Casciani |first2=Dominic |date=23 May 2024 |title=No Rwanda flights before election, says Rishi Sunak |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-69052507 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523084548/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-69052507 |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=23 May 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Immigration figures were published for 2023 showing immigration remained at historically high levels, but had fallen compared to 2022.{{Cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=ONS estimates net migration down by 10% in 2023 but still historically high at +685,000 |url=https://www.ein.org.uk/news/ons-estimates-net-migration-down-around-10-2023-still-historically-high-685000 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524081144/https://www.ein.org.uk/news/ons-estimates-net-migration-down-around-10-2023-still-historically-high-685000 |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=24 May 2024 |website=Electronic Immigration Network}} Nigel Farage announced that he would not be standing in the general election, preferring to focus on campaigning for the 2024 United States presidential election instead.{{Cite news |last=Geiger |first=Chas |date=23 May 2024 |title=Nigel Farage rules out standing for Reform UK in general election |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-69052837 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523085530/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-69052837 |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=23 May 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}} However, Farage later announced on 3 June that, contrary to his statement earlier in the campaign, he would stand for Parliament in Clacton, and that he had resumed leadership of Reform UK, taking over from Richard Tice, who remained the party's chairman. Farage also predicted that Labour would win the election, whilst stating the Conservatives were incapable of being the Official Opposition due to having spent "much of the last five years fighting each other rather than fighting for the interests of this country."{{Cite web |title=General election live: Nigel Farage to stand in election and become leader of Reform UK |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69082668 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603013928/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69082668 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=BBC News |date=2 June 2024 |language=en-gb}} Also on 23 May, Davey launched the Liberal Democrat campaign in Cheltenham in Gloucestershire.{{Cite web |title=General Election: Liberal Democrats leader, Sir Ed Davey, launches party's election campaign in Cheltenham |url=https://news.sky.com/video/general-election-liberal-democrats-leader-sir-ed-davey-launches-partys-election-campaign-in-cheltenham-13141899 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524002047/https://news.sky.com/video/general-election-liberal-democrats-leader-sir-ed-davey-launches-partys-election-campaign-in-cheltenham-13141899 |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=24 May 2024 |publisher=Sky News |language=en}} The SNP campaign launch the same day was overshadowed by a dispute around leader John Swinney's support for embattled MSP Michael Matheson and developments in Operation Branchform, the investigation into potential misuse of campaign funds by Nicola Sturgeon and her husband.{{Cite web |author=Learmonth, Andrew |date=24 May 2024 |title=General Election: Swinney's campaign launch overshadowed by Matheson and Branchform |url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/24342371.snp-campaign-launch-overshadowed-matheson-branchform/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524093533/https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/24342371.snp-campaign-launch-overshadowed-matheson-branchform/ |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=24 May 2024 |website=The Herald}} Starmer launched the Labour Party campaign in Gillingham at the Priestfield Stadium.{{Cite web |last=Boddy |first=Robert |date=23 May 2024 |title=Labour launches election campaign in Kent |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/medway/news/labour-launch-election-campaign-in-kent-307184/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602114727/https://www.kentonline.co.uk/medway/news/labour-launch-election-campaign-in-kent-307184/ |archive-date=2 June 2024 |access-date=2 June 2024 |website=Kent Online |language=en}}
On 24 May, the Conservatives proposed setting up a Royal Commission to consider a form of mandatory national service.{{Cite web |last1=McKiernan |first1=Jennifer |last2=McGarvey |first2=Emily |date=25 May 2024 |title=Conservatives plan to bring back mandatory National Service |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpddxy9r4mdo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527203656/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpddxy9r4mdo |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=27 May 2024 |website=BBC News}} It would be made up of two streams for 18-year-olds to choose from, either 'community volunteering' by volunteering with organisations such as the NHS, fire service, ambulance, search and rescue, and critical local infrastructure, or 'military training' in areas like logistics and cyber security.{{Cite web |date=26 May 2024 |title=National service explained: Rishi Sunak unveils Conservative election plan |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c988jdxl02vo |access-date=1 July 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629224118/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c988jdxl02vo |url-status=live }} Former Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn announced on 24 May he was running as an independent in Islington North against a Labour candidate, and was thus expelled from the party.{{Cite web |last1=Watson |first1=Iain |last2=Geiger |first2=Chas |date=24 May 2024 |title=Corbyn confirms he will stand against Labour |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c288xxvrdz7o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527211741/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c288xxvrdz7o |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=27 May 2024 |website=BBC News}}
On 27 May, Starmer made a keynote speech on security and other issues.{{Cite web |title=General election latest: Sir Keir Starmer to make personal pledge in first major campaign speech as parties clash over security |url=https://news.sky.com/story/politics-latest-sunak-starmer-davey-tories-labour-lib-dems-general-election-12593360 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527130947/https://news.sky.com/story/politics-latest-sunak-starmer-davey-tories-labour-lib-dems-general-election-12593360 |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=27 May 2024 |publisher=Sky News |language=en}}{{Cite news |last=Maddox |first=David |date=27 May 2024 |title=General election latest: Starmer to aim speech at undecided voters as he insists he changed Labour |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-2024-sunak-starmer-labour-news-b2551967.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527064610/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-2024-sunak-starmer-labour-news-b2551967.html |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=27 May 2024 |work=The Independent |language=en}} On 28 May, the Conservatives pledged a "Triple Lock Plus" where the personal income tax allowance for pensioners would always stay higher than the state pension.{{Cite web |date=27 May 2024 |title=General election: Tories announce 'Triple Lock Plus' pension allowance |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggvrp8v28o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527234826/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggvrp8v28o |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=28 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}{{Cite web |last=Chaplain |first=Chloe |date=27 May 2024 |title=Tories pledge 'triple lock plus' tax cut for pensioners in challenge to Labour |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/tories-triple-lock-plus-pensioners-challenge-labour-3077712 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608214915/https://inews.co.uk/news/tories-triple-lock-plus-pensioners-challenge-labour-3077712 |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=i (newspaper) |language=en}} Davey went paddleboarding on Lake Windermere in the marginal constituency of Westmorland and Lonsdale, highlighting the release of sewage in waterways.{{Cite news |title=Going, going, gone: Ed Davey takes a dip in Windermere |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-69067993 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528125134/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-69067993 |archive-date=28 May 2024 |access-date=28 May 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}} He pledged to abolish Ofwat and introduce a new water regulator to tackle the situation, in addition to proposing a ban on bonuses for chief executives of water companies.{{Cite web |last=Savage |first=Claudia |date=28 May 2024 |title=Sir Ed Davey takes the plunge as he reveals Lib Dem plan to tackle sewage crisis |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/ed-davey-windemere-sewage-crisis-general-election-2024-b1160573.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528123438/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/ed-davey-windemere-sewage-crisis-general-election-2024-b1160573.html |archive-date=28 May 2024 |access-date=28 May 2024 |website=Evening Standard |language=en}} Starmer was in West Sussex and emphasised his small town roots in his first big campaign speech.{{Cite web |date=28 May 2024 |title=Starmer emphasises small town roots in first big campaign speech |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cv221k5lq9no |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529015639/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cv221k5lq9no |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}
On 29 May, Labour's Wes Streeting promised a 18-week NHS waiting target within five years of a Labour government.{{Cite news |date=28 May 2024 |title=Labour promises to hit 18-week NHS waiting target within five years |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/health-69070207 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528235103/https://www.bbc.com/news/health-69070207 |archive-date=28 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Labour also pledged to double the number of NHS scanners in England. On the same day Starmer denied that Diane Abbott had been blocked as a candidate amid differing reports.{{Cite news |date=29 May 2024 |title=Keir Starmer denies Diane Abbott barred from standing for Labour |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-69072113 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529083016/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-69072113 |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Abbott had been elected as a Labour MP, but had been suspended from the parliamentary party for a brief period. There was controversy about further Labour Party candidate selections, with several candidates on the left of the party being excluded.{{Cite news |date=30 May 2024 |title=I see no reason why Diane Abbott can't stand for Labour – Angela Rayner |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69071603 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530122631/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69071603 |archive-date=30 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024}} Abbott said she had been barred from standing as a Labour Party candidate at the election, but Starmer later said she would be "free" to stand as a Labour candidate.{{Cite news |last=Brown |first=Faye |date=31 May 2024 |title=Diane Abbott 'free' to stand for Labour at general election, Sir Keir Starmer says |url=https://news.sky.com/story/diane-abbott-free-to-stand-for-labour-at-general-election-sir-keir-starmer-says-13145531 |work=Sky News |access-date=2 July 2024 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705002923/https://news.sky.com/story/diane-abbott-free-to-stand-for-labour-at-general-election-sir-keir-starmer-says-13145531 |url-status=live }}
= 30 May – 5 June =
On 30 May, both the Conservatives and Labour ruled out any rise in value-added tax.{{Cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Labour and Tories rule out VAT rise after election |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cv22pe8x89no |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530011805/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cv22pe8x89no |archive-date=30 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} The SNPs Màiri McAllan claimed that only the SNP offered Scotland a route back into the European Union, making Pro-Europeanism part of the party's campaign.{{Cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Only SNP offering route back to EU – McAllan |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd11l9jg4x7o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530134625/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd11l9jg4x7o |archive-date=30 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Reform UK proposed an immigration tax on British firms who employ foreign workers.{{Cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Reform UK would bring in immigration tax on firms |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c844pld8q53o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530151347/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c844pld8q53o |archive-date=30 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Carla Denyer and Adrian Ramsay launched the Green Party of England and Wales campaign in Bristol.{{Cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Greens challenge 'timid' Labour in election launch |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx007xnyw40o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609204949/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx007xnyw40o |archive-date=9 June 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Rhun ap Iorwerth launched the Plaid Cymru campaign in Bangor.{{Cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Plaid Cymru the only party putting Wales first – Rhun ap Iorwerth |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0jjn4gk307o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530083721/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0jjn4gk307o |archive-date=30 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} George Galloway launched the Workers Party of Britain campaign in Ashton-under-Lyne.{{Cite web |date=1 June 2024 |title=George Galloway launches Workers Party campaign with attack on Labour |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cxwwkrykv0zo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603001420/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cxwwkrykv0zo |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}
On 31 May, the Conservatives announced new "pride in places" pledges, including new rules to tackle anti-social behaviour, rolling out the hot-spot policing programme to more areas, and more town regeneration projects. The Conservatives also unveiled plans for fly-tippers to get points on their driving licences and other new measures to protect the environment.{{Cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Fly-tippers to get points on driving licence, Tories promise |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cedd9l00leyo |access-date=1 July 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701140636/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cedd9l00leyo |url-status=live }}
On 2 June, Labour pledged to reduce record high legal immigration to the United Kingdom by improving training for British workers.{{Cite web |date=2 June 2024 |title=Labour promises skills shakeup to cut net migration |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn331vd99lzo |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=2 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602032546/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn331vd99lzo |url-status=live }} Net migration to the UK was 685,000 in 2023.{{Cite news |date=2 June 2024 |title=Sir Keir Starmer announces plans to lower legal migration |url=https://news.sky.com/story/sir-keir-starmer-announces-plans-to-lower-legal-migration-13146630 |work=Sky News |access-date=4 July 2024 |archive-date=2 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602220659/https://news.sky.com/story/sir-keir-starmer-announces-plans-to-lower-legal-migration-13146630 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=2 June 2024 |title=Sir Keir Starmer promises cut to net migration under Labour |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn331vd99lzo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602032546/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn331vd99lzo |archive-date=2 June 2024 |access-date=2 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}{{Cite web |title=Lib Dems photobomb prime minister while campaigning in Oxford |url=https://news.sky.com/video/lib-dems-photobomb-prime-minister-while-campaigning-in-oxford-13147301 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603162632/https://news.sky.com/video/lib-dems-photobomb-prime-minister-while-campaigning-in-oxford-13147301 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |publisher=Sky News |language=en}} Labour also focused on national security, with Starmer reaffirming his commitment to a "nuclear deterrent triple lock", including building four new nuclear submarines. A YouGov poll conducted on the same day put Labour on course for the party's biggest election victory in history, beating Tony Blair's 1997 landslide.{{Cite news |last=Zakir-Hussain |first=Maryam |date=3 June 2024 |title=General Election polls – latest: Labour set to win more seats than Blair in 1997, shock YouGov forecast says |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-2024-poll-tracker-labour-tories-yougov-b2555754.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603145109/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-2024-poll-tracker-labour-tories-yougov-b2555754.html |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |work=The Independent |language=en}}
On 4 June, Farage launched his campaign in Clacton.{{Cite web |title=Nigel Farage to run as Reform UK candidate in Clacton |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3gg66pm8ylo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603162154/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3gg66pm8ylo |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |publisher=BBC |language=en-GB}} He predicted the previous day that Reform UK would be the Official Opposition following the election as opposed to the Conservatives, saying that the Conservatives are incapable of being the Opposition due to "spending most of the last five years fighting each other rather than fighting for the interests of this country".{{Cite web |title=Nigel Farage to run as Reform UK candidate in Clacton |date=4 June 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3gg66pm8ylo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604000923/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3gg66pm8ylo |archive-date=4 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |publisher=BBC |language=en-GB}}
= 6–12 June =
On 6 June, the Green Party announced plans to invest an extra £50 billion a year for the NHS by raising taxes on the top 1% of earners.{{Cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title=Greens call for extra £50bn a year to 'nurse NHS back to health' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjmm70lvx0xo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606153725/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjmm70lvx0xo |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} The Conservatives announced a policy on expanding child benefit for higher-earners.{{Cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title=Conservatives vow to let high earners keep more in child benefits |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c7220exk1xdo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610085848/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c7220exk1xdo |archive-date=10 June 2024 |access-date=10 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} Labour also announced communities will be given powers to transform derelict areas into parks and green spaces. Labour's countryside protection plan would also include the planting new national forests, taskforces for tree-planting and flood resilience, new river pathways, and a commitment to revive nature.{{Cite news |last1=Harvey |first1=Fiona |author-link=Fiona Harvey |last2=Horton |first2=Helena |date=6 June 2024 |title=Communities will be given right to turn eyesores into parks, says Labour |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/article/2024/jun/06/communities-will-be-given-right-to-turn-eyesores-into-parks-says-labour |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705021137/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/article/2024/jun/06/communities-will-be-given-right-to-turn-eyesores-into-parks-says-labour |archive-date=5 July 2024 |access-date=29 June 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}} Green spaces would be a requirement in the development of new housing and town plans.{{Cite news |date=19 April 2024 |title=Labour unveils plans for new housing on 'grey belt' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-68849078 |access-date=29 June 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704230121/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-68849078 |url-status=live }}
Both Sunak and Starmer attended D-Day commemorations in Normandy on 6 June, the 80th anniversary of Operation Neptune. Sunak was widely criticised for leaving events early to do an interview with ITV, including by veterans.{{Cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=Furious veterans unimpressed with Sunak's apology for skipping D-Day event |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/rishi-sunak-d-day-apology-veterans-b2558634.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607192453/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/rishi-sunak-d-day-apology-veterans-b2558634.html |archive-date=7 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=The Independent |language=en}} Starmer met with Volodymyr Zelenskyy and King Charles III during the D-Day commemorations, and said that Sunak "has to answer for his actions".{{Cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=Starmer: Sunak has to answer for his own actions |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/videos/c144pypexvxo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608053019/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/videos/c144pypexvxo |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}{{Cite news |last=Sigsworth |first=Tim |date=7 June 2024 |title=Zelensky shares D-Day video featuring Starmer with no sign of missing Sunak |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/06/07/zelensky-d-day-video-starmer-sunak-missing-normandy-ukraine/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609204950/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/06/07/zelensky-d-day-video-starmer-sunak-missing-normandy-ukraine/ |archive-date=9 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235}} Sunak apologised the next day{{Cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=PM apologises for leaving D-Day commemorations early |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c722zv2myjro |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607221831/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c722zv2myjro |archive-date=7 June 2024 |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} and apologised again on 10 June.{{Cite news |title=Harder to have own home under Tories, Sunak tells BBC |work=BBC News |date=10 June 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69103457 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610181852/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69103457 |archive-date=10 June 2024 |access-date=10 June 2024}} He made a third apology on 12 June.{{Cite web |last=Cherry |first=Stephen |date=12 June 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak's D-Day apology reveals the limits of saying sorry |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/comment/2024/06/rishi-sunaks-d-day-apology-reveals-limits-saying-sorry |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=New Statesman |language=en-US |archive-date=26 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626215152/https://www.newstatesman.com/comment/2024/06/rishi-sunaks-d-day-apology-reveals-limits-saying-sorry |url-status=live }}
Farage was among those critical of Sunak over his leaving the D-Day events,{{Cite web |title=Farage and Mordaunt criticise Sunak's 'completely wrong' decision to leave D-Day early, in heated election debate |url=https://www.lbc.co.uk/news/farage-and-mordaunt-criticise-sunak-d-day-debate/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608082550/https://www.lbc.co.uk/news/farage-and-mordaunt-criticise-sunak-d-day-debate/ |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=LBC |language=en}} saying on 7 June that Sunak did not understand "our culture". Conservative and Labour politicians criticised these words as being a racist attack on Sunak, which Farage denied.{{Cite web |title=Nigel Farage defends claim Sunak 'doesn't understand our culture' |date=9 June 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cx005vdgg5yo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610103536/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cx005vdgg5yo |archive-date=10 June 2024 |access-date=10 June 2024}} On 10 June, Labour pledged 100,000 new childcare places and more than 3,000 new nurseries as part of its childcare plan.{{Cite web |date=10 June 2024 |title=Labour pledges 100,000 new childcare places |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cw4489zllkvo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610110122/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cw4489zllkvo |archive-date=10 June 2024 |access-date=10 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} It also announced its Child Health Action Plan, which included providing every school with a qualified mental health counsellor, boosting preventative mental health services, transforming NHS dentistry, legislating for a progressive ban on smoking (a bill proposed by the Conservative government which had not passed before Parliament was prorogued),{{Cite news |date=2024-05-24 |title=Rishi Sunak disappointed smoking ban will not become law |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-69058303 |access-date=2024-11-27 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204180259/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-69058303 |url-status=live }} banning junk food advertising to children, and banning energy drinks for under 16s.{{Cite web |date=11 June 2024 |title=Labour plans to ban under-16s buying high-caffeine energy drinks |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpddj9vlnyeo |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619075224/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpddj9vlnyeo |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=10 June 2024 |title=Labour's Child Health Action Plan will create the healthiest generation of children ever |url=https://labour.org.uk/updates/stories/labours-child-health-action-plan-will-create-the-healthiest-generation-of-children-ever/ |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=The Labour Party |language=en-GB |archive-date=2 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702200839/https://labour.org.uk/updates/stories/labours-child-health-action-plan-will-create-the-healthiest-generation-of-children-ever/ |url-status=live }}
Labour released its plan for small business on 8 June, which included pledges to replace the current business rates system and to tackle the skill shortage by creating a new public body, Skills England.{{Cite web |date=2024-06-08 |title=Labour plan for small businesses will pull up the shutters for Britain's entrepreneurs |url=https://labour.org.uk/updates/stories/labour-plan-for-small-businesses/ |access-date=2024-07-15 |website=The Labour Party |language=en-GB |archive-date=15 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715003622/https://labour.org.uk/updates/stories/labour-plan-for-small-businesses/ |url-status=live }} They also pledged to revitalise Britain's high streets and a new trade strategy.{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Zoe |date=2024-07-05 |title=What businesses can expect from the new UK Labour government |url=https://business.itn.co.uk/what-businesses-can-expect-from-the-new-uk-labour-government/ |access-date=2024-07-15 |website=ITN Business |language=en-GB |archive-date=15 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715003622/https://business.itn.co.uk/what-businesses-can-expect-from-the-new-uk-labour-government/ |url-status=live }}
The Liberal Democrat manifesto For a Fair Deal was released on 10 June,{{Cite web |title=Lib dem manifesto to pledge £9bn NHS and care 'rescue package' |date=10 June 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/crgg9l8z4lpo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610181925/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/crgg9l8z4lpo |archive-date=10 June 2024 |access-date=10 June 2024}}{{Cite web |date=10 June 2024 |title=Liberal Democrat manifesto: 11 key policies explained |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cqeevzldj0jo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612022447/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cqeevzldj0jo |archive-date=12 June 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} which included commitments on free personal care in England,{{Cite web |date=3 June 2024 |title=Liberal Democrats pledge free personal care |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjmmww3ne8wo |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704225311/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjmmww3ne8wo |url-status=live }} investment in the NHS including more GPs, increased funding for education and childcare (including a tutoring guarantee for children from low-income families), increased funding for public services, tax reforms, reaching net zero by 2045 (5 years before the current government target of 2050), investing in green infrastructure, innovation, training and skills across the UK to boost economic growth, and removing the two-child limit on tax and benefits.{{Cite web |date=10 June 2024 |title=Lib Dem manifesto: 11 key policies explained |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cqeevzldj0jo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612022447/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cqeevzldj0jo |archive-date=12 June 2024 |access-date=14 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} The Liberal Democrats also offered a lifelong skills grant, giving adults £5,000 to spend on improving their skills.{{cite news |last=Walker |first=Peter |date=15 June 2024 |title=What each party promises voters in its UK general election manifesto |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/15/what-each-party-promises-voters-in-its-uk-general-election-manifesto |access-date=15 June 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705020203/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/15/what-each-party-promises-voters-in-its-uk-general-election-manifesto |url-status=live }} The party wants electoral reform, and pledged to introduce proportional representation for electing MPs, and local councillors in England, and cap donations to political parties.{{Cite web |title=Liberal Democrat Party manifesto |url=https://www.local.gov.uk/about/campaigns/general-election-hub/liberal-democrat-manifesto |website=Local Government Association |access-date=17 June 2024 |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617142048/https://www.local.gov.uk/about/campaigns/general-election-hub/liberal-democrat-manifesto |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |last=Holl-Allen |first=Genevieve |date=3 June 2024 |title=Lib Dem manifesto 2024: Ed Davey's policies for the general election |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/0/lib-dem-manifesto-2024-ed-davey-policy-predictions/ |access-date=17 June 2024 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617065703/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/0/lib-dem-manifesto-2024-ed-davey-policy-predictions/ |url-status=live }}
Sunak released the Conservative manifesto Clear Plan. Bold Action. Secure Future. on 11 June, addressing the economy, taxes, welfare, expanding free childcare, education, healthcare, environment, energy, transport, community, and crime.{{Cite web |title=Rishi Sunak: Tory manifesto will include tax cuts |date=10 June 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c722v3w66nwo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610181908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c722v3w66nwo |archive-date=10 June 2024 |access-date=10 June 2024}}{{Cite web |title=Conservative manifesto 2024: summary of the key policies |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/conservative-party-manifesto-key-policies-rishi-sunak-general-election-9zvjqvttp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611082242/https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/conservative-party-manifesto-key-policies-rishi-sunak-general-election-9zvjqvttp |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=The Times |language=en}} They pledged to lower taxes, increase education and NHS spending, deliver 92,000 more nurses and 28,000 more doctors, introduce a new model of National Service, continue to expand apprenticeships and vocational training, simplify the planning system to speed up infrastructure projects (digital, transport and energy), and to treble Britain's offshore wind capacity and support solar energy. The manifesto includes a pledge to abolish Stamp Duty on homes worth up to £425,000 for first time buyers and expand the Help to Buy scheme.{{Cite news |last=Gutteridge |first=Nick |date=17 May 2024 |title=Conservative Party manifesto 2024: Rishi Sunak's policies for the general election |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/0/tory-manifesto-rishi-sunak-policies-general-election/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611232213/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/0/tory-manifesto-rishi-sunak-policies-general-election/ |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235}} The Conservatives also pledged a recruitment of 8,000 new police officers and a rollout of facial recognition technology.{{Cite web |date=9 June 2024 |title=Conservatives plan to recruit 8,000 new police officers |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8vvyd52e44o |access-date=15 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=14 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614111435/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8vvyd52e44o |url-status=live }} Much of what has been proposed is already incorporated in the 2023 and 2024 budget.{{Cite web |title=Spring Budget 2024 (HTML) |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/spring-budget-2024/spring-budget-2024-html |access-date=16 June 2024 |website=GOV.UK |language=en |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616011119/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/spring-budget-2024/spring-budget-2024-html |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=The Spring Budget 2024: What you need to know |url=https://pm-priorities.campaign.gov.uk/the-spring-budget-2024-what-you-need-to-know/ |access-date=16 June 2024 |website=Prime Minister's Priorities |language=en-US |archive-date=14 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614035024/https://pm-priorities.campaign.gov.uk/the-spring-budget-2024-what-you-need-to-know/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=6 March 2024 |title=UK Budget 2024: All the highlights |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/uk-spring-budget-2024-all-the-highlights/ |access-date=16 June 2024 |website=Politico |language=en-GB |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616004120/https://www.politico.eu/article/uk-spring-budget-2024-all-the-highlights/ |url-status=live }}
Carla Denyer and Adrian Ramsay released the Green Party's manifesto Real Hope. Real Change. on 12 June, which pledged more taxes on the highest earners, generating £70 billion a year to help tackle climate change and the NHS. They also pledged increased spending for public services, free personal care in England, renationalisation of railway, water and energy, a green society, a wealth tax, a carbon tax, and a windfall tax on the profit of banks.{{cite news |last=Walker |first=Peter |date=12 June 2024 |title=More tax, better housing: key takeaways from the Green party manifesto |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/12/green-party-election-manifesto-key-takeaways |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615124841/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/12/green-party-election-manifesto-key-takeaways |archive-date=15 June 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}{{Cite web |date=12 June 2024 |title=Green Party manifesto 2024: Key policies analysed |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czddq40z2zno |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617072421/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czddq40z2zno |url-status=live }} The manifesto promises quicker access to NHS dentistry and GPs and reductions in the hospital waiting list. They would also reach net zero by 2040 and introduce rent controls.{{Cite web |title=A guide to the Green Party – including its policies, its leaders, and its key election targets |url=https://news.sky.com/story/a-guide-to-the-green-party-including-its-policies-its-leaders-and-its-key-election-targets-13145025 |access-date=3 July 2024 |website=Sky News |language=en |archive-date=26 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626172947/https://news.sky.com/story/a-guide-to-the-green-party-including-its-policies-its-leaders-and-its-key-election-targets-13145025 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=Green Party manifesto: a reaction |url=https://ifs.org.uk/articles/green-party-manifesto-reaction |access-date=3 July 2024 |website=Institute for Fiscal Studies |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705023251/https://ifs.org.uk/articles/green-party-manifesto-reaction |url-status=live }}
On 12 June Conservative minister Grant Shapps said in a radio interview that voters should support the Conservatives so as to prevent Labour winning "a super-majority", meaning a large majority (the UK Parliament does not have any formal supermajority rules). This was interpreted by journalists as a possible and surprising admission of defeat.{{Cite web |title=Tories seem to admit defeat as minister pleads: Don't give Starmer a 'super majority' |date=12 June 2024 |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/general-election-keir-starmer-labour-tories-majority-super-rishi-sunak-b1163793.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613173011/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/general-election-keir-starmer-labour-tories-majority-super-rishi-sunak-b1163793.html |archive-date=13 June 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024}}{{Cite news |last1=Maidment |first1=Jack |last2=Gibbons |first2=Amy |title=Labour 'super-majority' would put UK in 'dangerous place', Defence Secretary warns |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/12/labour-super-majority-put-uk-dangerous-place-grant-shapps/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612140651/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/12/labour-super-majority-put-uk-dangerous-place-grant-shapps/ |archive-date=12 June 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 |newspaper=The Telegraph}}{{Cite web |title=Why Grant Shapps is warning about a Labour 'super-majority' |date=12 June 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cv221jple3jo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612145657/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cv221jple3jo |archive-date=12 June 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024}} It paralleled social media advertising by the Conservatives that also focused on urging votes not to give Starmer a large majority.{{Cite news |last1=Adu |first1=Aletha |last2=Waterson |first2=Jim |date=12 June 2024 |title=Tories fighting to prevent Labour winning 'supermajority', says Shapps |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/12/tories-fighting-prevent-labour-supermajority-election-grant-shapps |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613173113/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/12/tories-fighting-prevent-labour-supermajority-election-grant-shapps |archive-date=13 June 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}
= 13–19 June =
On 13 June, Starmer released the Labour Party manifesto Change, which focused on economic growth, planning system reforms, infrastructure, clean energy, healthcare, education, childcare, crime, and strengthening workers' rights.{{Cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=Labour manifesto 2024: Find out how Labour will get Britain's future back |url=https://labour.org.uk/updates/stories/labour-manifesto-2024-sign-up/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613141625/https://labour.org.uk/updates/stories/labour-manifesto-2024-sign-up/ |archive-date=13 June 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 |website=The Labour Party |language=en-GB}}{{Cite web |date=13 June 2024 |title=Labour launches manifesto for change |url=https://community-tu.org/labour-launches-manifesto-for-change/ |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=Community Trade Union |language=en-GB |archive-date=30 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240630094418/https://community-tu.org/labour-launches-manifesto-for-change/ |url-status=live }} It pledged a new publicly owned energy company (Great British Energy) and National Wealth Fund, a "Green Prosperity Plan", rebuilding the NHS and reducing patient waiting times, free breakfast clubs in primary schools, investing in green infrastructure, innovation, training and skills across the UK to boost economic growth, and renationalisation of the railway network (Great British Railways).{{Cite web |last=Reid |first=Jenni |date=13 June 2024 |title=Britain's Labour Party pledges 'wealth creation' as it targets landslide election victory |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/06/13/uk-general-election-2024-labour-publishes-manifesto-.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613173116/https://www.cnbc.com/2024/06/13/uk-general-election-2024-labour-publishes-manifesto-.html |archive-date=13 June 2024 |access-date=13 June 2024 |publisher=CNBC |language=en}} It includes wealth creation and "pro-business and pro-worker" policies.{{Cite web |date=13 June 2024 |title=Starmer launches Labour's pro-business, pro-worker manifesto with £7.35bn of new taxes |url=https://nz.news.yahoo.com/starmer-hopes-labour-pro-business-103304717.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613173115/https://nz.news.yahoo.com/starmer-hopes-labour-pro-business-103304717.html |archive-date=13 June 2024 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-NZ}} The manifesto also pledged to give votes to 16-year olds, reform the House of Lords, and to tax private schools, with money generated going into improving state education.{{Cite web |title=Manifesto checker: What are the Labour, Conservatives', Liberal Democrats', Greens' and Plaid Cymru's key pledges? |url=https://news.sky.com/story/manifesto-checker-what-are-the-conservatives-and-liberal-democrats-key-pledges-13150669 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611172620/https://news.sky.com/story/manifesto-checker-what-are-the-conservatives-and-liberal-democrats-key-pledges-13150669 |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=13 June 2024 |publisher=Sky News |language=en}}{{Cite news |last=Mason |first=Rowena |date=13 June 2024 |title=Change and growth: five key takeaways from the Labour manifesto launch |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/13/change-and-growth-five-key-takeaways-from-the-labour-manifesto-launch |access-date=13 June 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}{{Cite news |last1=Gibbons |first1=Amy |last2=Sigsworth |first2=Tim |date=16 May 2024 |title=Labour Party manifesto 2024: Keir Starmer's election promises |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/0/labour-party-pledges-manifesto-general-election-voters/ |access-date=13 June 2024 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=6 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706003421/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/07/05/labour-party-pledges-manifesto-general-election-voters/ |url-status=live }} The party guaranteed giving all areas of England devolution powers, in areas such as integrated transport, planning, skills, and health.{{Cite web |author-last2=Rayner|author-first1=Keir|author-last1=Starmer|author-first2=Angela|date=17 June 2024 |title=Keir Starmer and Angela Rayner: Labour will empower local leaders |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/keir-starmer-angela-rayner-levelling-up-boris-johnson-qb5kwkvkr |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=The Times|language=en |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617161828/https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/keir-starmer-angela-rayner-levelling-up-boris-johnson-qb5kwkvkr |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=13 June 2024 |title=Labour manifesto 2024: 12 key policies analysed |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cyxx1lq50nlo |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616235109/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cyxx1lq50nlo |url-status=live }}
On 17 June, Farage and Tice released the Reform UK manifesto, which they called a "contract" (Our Contract with You). It pledged to lower taxes, lower immigration, increase funding for public services, reform the NHS and decrease its waiting lists down to zero, bring utilities and critical national infrastructure under 50% public ownership (the other 50% owned by pension funds), replace the House of Lords with a more democratic second chamber, and to replace first-past-the-post voting with a system of proportional representation.{{Cite news |last=Penna |first=Dominic |date=30 May 2024 |title=Reform UK manifesto: Nigel Farage's key policies at a glance |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/0/reform-uk-manifesto-richard-tice-key-policies-glance/ |access-date=15 June 2024 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=14 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614183046/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/0/reform-uk-manifesto-richard-tice-key-policies-glance/ |url-status=live }} It also pledged to accelerate transport infrastructure in coastal regions, Wales, the North, and the Midlands.{{Cite web |title=Policies Reform UK |url=https://www.reformparty.uk/policies |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Reform UK |language=en |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617140518/https://www.reformparty.uk/policies |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Anderson |first=Elizabeth |date=2 July 2024 |title=Election 2024 manifestos: Parties' pledges on growth and the economy |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/politics/election-2024-manifestos-parties-pledges-on-growth-and-the-economy-3141914 |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=inews.co.uk |language=en |archive-date=2 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702103543/https://inews.co.uk/news/politics/election-2024-manifestos-parties-pledges-on-growth-and-the-economy-3141914 |url-status=live }} The party also wants to freeze non-essential immigration and recruit 40,000 new police officers.{{Cite web |date=14 June 2024 |title=All of Farage's Reform UK pledges on immigration – and how the Tories compare |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/all-of-farages-reform-uk-pledges-on-immigration-and-how-the-tories-compare-3091059 |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=i (newspaper) |language=en |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617124705/https://inews.co.uk/news/all-of-farages-reform-uk-pledges-on-immigration-and-how-the-tories-compare-3091059 |url-status=live }} Reform UK are the only major party to oppose the current net zero target made by the government.{{Cite web |last=Webb |first=Caitlin |date=17 June 2024 |title=Reform UK manifesto: scrap net zero and reform planning |url=https://www.lgcplus.com/politics/governance-and-structure/reform-uk-manifesto-scrap-net-zero-and-reform-planning-17-06-2024/ |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=Local Government Chronicle (LGC) |language=en |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704225045/https://www.lgcplus.com/politics/governance-and-structure/reform-uk-manifesto-scrap-net-zero-and-reform-planning-17-06-2024/ |url-status=live }} Instead, it pledged to support the environment with more tree planting, more recycling and less single-use plastics.{{Cite web |date=17 June 2024|last1=Piper |first1=Elizabeth |last2=James |first2=William |title=Taking aim at UK's Sunak, Nigel Farage pledges border control, tax cuts |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/join-revolt-uks-farage-lay-out-election-policies-2024-06-17/ |work=Reuters}}{{Cite news |title=UK election updates from June 16: Reform UK launches manifesto |url=https://www.ft.com/content/4f4b2e8b-611f-4e2a-ae48-6270ef1fcd17 |url-access=subscription |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Financial Times |date=17 June 2024 |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617191316/https://www.ft.com/content/4f4b2e8b-611f-4e2a-ae48-6270ef1fcd17 |url-status=live |last1=Wheatley |first1=Jonathan |last2=Ralph |first2=Oliver |last3=Stacey |first3=Stephanie |last4=Hickey |first4=Sally }}{{Cite web |last=Sandford |first=Daniel |date=17 June 2024 |title=Reform UK manifesto 2024: 11 key policies analysed |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cqll1edxgw4o |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705021757/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cqll1edxgw4o |url-status=live }} Farage predicted Labour would win the election, but said he was planning to campaign for the next election.{{Cite web |title=Nigel Farage says Reform's 'real ambition' is the next general election |url=https://news.sky.com/story/nigel-farage-says-reforms-real-ambition-is-the-next-general-election-13154248 |access-date=17 June 2024 |publisher=Sky News |language=en |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704232520/https://news.sky.com/story/nigel-farage-says-reforms-real-ambition-is-the-next-general-election-13154248 |url-status=live }}
Labour's Rachel Reeves claimed Labour's green plans would create over 650,000 jobs.{{Cite news |title=A dash for growth: the shadow chancellor prepares for government |url=https://www.ft.com/content/d92d34eb-7ac9-4a8f-a287-9e499d710c4c |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Financial Times |date=16 June 2024 |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617021217/https://www.ft.com/content/d92d34eb-7ac9-4a8f-a287-9e499d710c4c |url-status=live |last1=Fleming |first1=Sam |last2=Parker |first2=George }}{{cite news |last=Stacey |first=Kiran |date=16 June 2024 |title=Labour's green plans will create 650,000 jobs, says Rachel Reeves |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/16/labours-green-plans-will-create-650000-jobs-says-rachel-reeves |access-date=17 June 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705020206/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/16/labours-green-plans-will-create-650000-jobs-says-rachel-reeves |url-status=live }} The Liberal Democrats offered more cost-of-living help for rural communities.{{Cite web |last=Henderson |first=Guy |date=18 June 2024 |title=Lib Dem leader Sir Ed Davey promises Devon fuel relief |url=https://www.devonlive.com/news/devon-news/lib-dem-leader-sir-ed-9349711 |access-date=18 June 2024 |website=Devon Live |language=en |archive-date=18 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618125439/https://www.devonlive.com/news/devon-news/lib-dem-leader-sir-ed-9349711 |url-status=live }} Davey highlighted his manifesto pledge to build 380,000 new homes a year, 150,000 of which would be social homes.{{Cite web |title=Sandcastles and wheelbarrows: Ed Davey continues his colourful Lib Dem campaign |url=https://www.itv.com/news/2024-06-17/sandcastles-and-wheelbarrows-ed-davey-continues-the-lib-dem-campaign |website=ITV.com |access-date=18 June 2024 |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704230653/https://www.itv.com/news/2024-06-17/sandcastles-and-wheelbarrows-ed-davey-continues-the-lib-dem-campaign |url-status=live }} On 18 June, Labour pledged hundreds of new banking hubs, to
On 19 June, both the SNP and Sinn Féin released their manifestos. Swinney said a vote for his party would "intensify" the pressure to secure a second Scottish independence referendum, with other pledges in the SNP manifesto including boosting NHS funding, scrapping the two-child limit on benefits, calling for an immediate ceasefire in the Gaza Strip, scrapping the Trident defence programme, re-joining the European Union, transitioning to a green economy attracting more foreign migrants,{{Cite news |last1=Johnson |first1=Simon |last2=Sanderson |first2=Daniel |date=19 June 2024 |title=SNP manifesto 2024: John Swinney's election policies at a glance |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/0/snp-party-pledges-manifesto-general-election-voters/ |access-date=23 June 2024 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=23 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623182758/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/0/snp-party-pledges-manifesto-general-election-voters/ |url-status=live }} tackling drug deaths and devolving broadcasting powers.{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=SNP manifesto: Key policies analysed |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggl375nn7o |access-date=20 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620000336/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggl375nn7o |url-status=live }} The Sinn Féin manifesto called for greater devolution to Northern Ireland and for the UK and Irish governments to set a date for a referendum on the unification of Northern Ireland with the Republic of Ireland.{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=Sinn Féin election manifesto: Key policies analysed |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz99e3gk6l9o |access-date=20 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619195931/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz99e3gk6l9o |url-status=live }}
Galloway released the Workers Party manifesto, with promises to improve "poverty pay" and provide more social housing.{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=Workers Party makes pay and housing pledges in election manifesto |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce994drrgkro |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=BBC News |publisher=BBC |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705023254/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce994drrgkro |url-status=live }} It pledged the renationalisation of utility companies, free school meals for all children without means testing, free adult education, and to hold a referendum on the continued existence of the monarchy and proportional representation for elections.{{Cite web |last=Hurst |first=Pat |date=19 June 2024 |title=George Galloway's Workers Party manifesto at a glance |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/george-galloway-nhs-great-britain-rochdale-nato-b1165479.html |access-date=20 June 2024 |website=Evening Standard |language=en |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620022809/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/george-galloway-nhs-great-britain-rochdale-nato-b1165479.html |url-status=live }}
David TC Davies, the Secretary of State for Wales, told a BBC interview the polls were "clearly pointing at a large Labour majority", but added that he believed there was "no great optimism" from voters.{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=David TC Davies: Polls point to big Labour majority, says top Tory |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce77ljjwgggo |access-date=20 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619233859/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce77ljjwgggo |url-status=live }} A potentially large Labour majority was also acknowledged by Jeremy Hunt, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and Mel Stride, the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions.{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=Jeremy Hunt: Labour government would need effective opposition |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c033qqme69po |access-date=20 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619230256/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c033qqme69po |url-status=live }} Alison McGarry, the Labour chair of Islington North, resigned from the Labour Party after being spotted campaigning for Corbyn; she resigned rather than face expulsion for breaking the party's rules on campaigning for a rival candidate.{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/20/labour-stalwart-quit-caught-behind-hedge-campaigning-corbyn/|title=Labour's Islington North chairman who 'hid in bush when spotted campaigning for Corbyn' quits|website=The Telegraph|date=20 June 2024|access-date=20 June 2024|archive-date=20 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620102619/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/20/labour-stalwart-quit-caught-behind-hedge-campaigning-corbyn/|url-status=live}}
= 20–26 June =
On 20 June, the parties focused on housing. Labour pledged action to protect renters with new legal protections for tenants. It would immediately ban Section 21 "no-fault" evictions, as part of plans to reform the private rented sector in England.{{Cite web |last=Callaghan |first=David |date=21 June 2024 |title=Labour launches stinging attack on letting agents and landlords |url=https://thenegotiator.co.uk/news/labour-deputy-launches-attack-on-letting-agents-and-landlords/ |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=The Negotiator |language=en-GB |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701102901/https://thenegotiator.co.uk/news/labour-deputy-launches-attack-on-letting-agents-and-landlords/ |url-status=live }} Labour also pledged to reform planning laws and build 1.5 million homes to spread homeownership.{{Cite web |last=Stein |first=Joshua |date=13 June 2024 |title=Labour manifesto promises infrastructure and planning overhaul |url=https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/government/labour-manifesto-promises-infrastructure-and-planning-overhaul-13-06-2024/ |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=Construction News |language=en |archive-date=13 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613143530/https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/government/labour-manifesto-promises-infrastructure-and-planning-overhaul-13-06-2024/ |url-status=live }} They would also ensure new housing is supported by new local infrastructure (public transport, healthcare, schools), and pledged to build more housing near railway stations and on the 'grey belt' (disused car parks or industrial estates).{{Cite web |date=2024-07-08 |title=What is the 'grey belt' and how many homes could Labour build? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c6p2gj55vgxo |access-date=2024-07-15 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=15 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715011514/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c6p2gj55vgxo |url-status=live }} The Conservatives offered stronger legal protections for tenants, including banning Section 21 "no-fault" evictions.{{Cite web |date=20 June 2024 |title=Housing: Parties battle over help for first-time buyers and renters |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggenv37eqo |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621003553/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3ggenv37eqo |url-status=live }} They said they would build 1.6 million new homes (including social housing) with new local infrastructure, prioritising brownfield development, while protecting the countryside.{{Cite web |title=The challenges faced by the Conservative election manifesto promise to increase the national housing target |url=https://www.planningresource.co.uk/article/1877925?utm_source=website&utm_medium=social |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=planningresource.co.uk |language=en |archive-date=6 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706003423/https://www.planningresource.co.uk/article/1877925/challenges-faced-conservative-election-manifesto-promise-increase-national-housing-target |url-status=live }} The Liberal Democrats offered more protections for tenants, additional social housing, and more garden cities.{{Cite web |last=Robertson |first=Ben |date=20 June 2024 |title=Election 2024: What the party manifestos mean for landlords & home owners |url=https://www.nortonib.co.uk/2024/06/20/election-2024-what-the-party-manifestos-mean-for-landlords-home-owners/ |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=Norton Insurance |language=en-GB |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621105845/https://www.nortonib.co.uk/2024/06/20/election-2024-what-the-party-manifestos-mean-for-landlords-home-owners/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=2024 election manifestos: party pledges on housing |url=https://www.housing.org.uk/resources/2024-election-manifestos-party-pledges-on-housing |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=National Housing Federation |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705023254/https://www.housing.org.uk/resources/2024-election-manifestos-party-pledges-on-housing |url-status=live }}
Also on 20 June, the Alliance Party in Northern Ireland launched their manifesto.{{Cite web |date=20 June 2024 |title=Alliance Party manifesto: Key policies analysed |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cmll7epxy3xo |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=23 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623135822/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cmll7epxy3xo |url-status=live }} Its core policies include reforming the political institutions, dedicated funding for integrated education, a Green New Deal to decarbonise Northern Ireland's economy, childcare reforms, and lowering the voting age to 16.{{Cite web |last=Young |first=David |date=20 June 2024 |title=Alliance Party's General Election manifesto at a glance |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/northern-ireland-government-reform-dup-treasury-b1165735.html |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=Evening Standard |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629213543/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/northern-ireland-government-reform-dup-treasury-b1165735.html |url-status=live }}
On 21 June, in an interview, Farage repeated comments he had made previously stating that the West and NATO provoked Russia's invasion of Ukraine. He was criticised for this by Sunak and Starmer.{{Cite web |date=21 June 2024 |title=West provoked Ukraine war, Nigel Farage says |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cldd44zv3kpo |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621171720/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cldd44zv3kpo |url-status=live }} He also stated that Reform UK would lower the tax burden to encourage people into work.{{cite news |last=Walker |first=Peter |date=21 June 2024 |title=Nigel Farage claims Russia was provoked into Ukraine war |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/21/russia-was-provoked-into-ukraine-war-claims-nigel-farage |access-date=21 June 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705020207/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/21/russia-was-provoked-into-ukraine-war-claims-nigel-farage |url-status=live }} Farage stated in another interview that he would remove university tuition fees if he won power for those studying science, technology, engineering, medicine or maths. Reform UK have already pledged to scrap interest on student loans and to extend the loan capital repayment periods to 45 years.{{Cite web |date=17 June 2024 |title=Our Contract with You |url=https://assets.nationbuilder.com/reformuk/pages/253/attachments/original/1718625371/Reform_UK_Our_Contract_with_You.pdf?1718625371 |access-date=18 June 2024 |website=Reform UK |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617125103/https://assets.nationbuilder.com/reformuk/pages/253/attachments/original/1718625371/Reform_UK_Our_Contract_with_You.pdf?1718625371 |url-status=live }} Farage also declared his ambition for Reform UK to replace the Conservatives as the biggest right-wing party in Parliament.{{Cite web |title=Free university, cannabis, replacing the Tories: Nigel Farage answers your questions |url=https://www.itv.com/news/2024-06-21/free-university-cannabis-replacing-the-tories-farage-answers-your-questions |website=ITV News |access-date=22 June 2024 |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622144550/https://www.itv.com/news/2024-06-21/free-university-cannabis-replacing-the-tories-farage-answers-your-questions |url-status=live }}
The Conservatives pledged a review of licensing laws and planning rules aimed at boosting pubs, restaurants and music venues.{{Cite web |date=21 June 2024 |title=Tories to focus on pubs and clubs in first 100 days of government |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c72238g1g1do |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=23 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623072044/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c72238g1g1do |url-status=live }} Labour framed its 10-year science and R&D budget plans as part of its industrial strategy, with an aim of boosting workforce and regional development.{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Frances |date=21 June 2024 |title=Labour 10-year R&D budgets to be part of industrial strategy |url=https://www.researchprofessionalnews.com/rr-news-uk-politics-2024-6-labour-10-year-r-d-budgets-to-be-part-of-industrial-strategy/ |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=Research Professional News |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704225604/https://www.researchprofessionalnews.com/rr-news-uk-politics-2024-6-labour-10-year-r-d-budgets-to-be-part-of-industrial-strategy/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Pardo |first=Santiago Bedoya |date=18 June 2024 |title=NCUB: Labour's manifesto pledges will boost UK R&D and tackle the skills crisis |url=https://www.theaccountant-online.com/news/ncub-labours-manifesto-pledges-will-boost-uk-rd-and-tackle-the-skills-crisis/ |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=The Accountant |language=en-US |archive-date=23 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623213220/https://www.theaccountant-online.com/news/ncub-labours-manifesto-pledges-will-boost-uk-rd-and-tackle-the-skills-crisis/ |url-status=live }} Labour and the Liberal Democrats also focused on water pollution and improving England's water quality.{{Cite web |date=21 June 2024 |title=Labour and the Liberal Democrats step up campaigns against sewage dumping |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ceqq31y3vv6o |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624132222/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ceqq31y3vv6o |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=22 June 2024 |title=Sir Ed Davey splashes in Sheringham for election campaign |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c6ppe20511go |access-date=25 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624175215/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c6ppe20511go |url-status=live }} Labour pledged to put failing water companies who do not meet
On 24 June, Labour focused on NHS dentistry and health, pledged to hold a knife crime summit every year and halve incidents within a decade.{{Cite web |date=11 June 2024 |title=Labour promises 100,000 extra child dental appointments |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crgglpvze3no |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622140521/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crgglpvze3no |archive-date=22 June 2024 |access-date=24 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}{{Cite news |last=Hymas |first=Charles |date=24 June 2024 |title=Starmer to hold annual summit on knife crime for 'grieving families' |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/24/labour-to-hold-knife-crime-summit-in-bid-to-halve-incidents/ |access-date=24 June 2024 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624215244/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/24/labour-to-hold-knife-crime-summit-in-bid-to-halve-incidents/ |url-status=live }} The Greens pledged to end 'dental deserts' with £3 billion for new NHS contracts.{{Cite web |last=Savage |first=Claudia |date=24 June 2024 |title=Greens pledges to end 'dental deserts' with £3bn for new NHS contract |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/nhs-greens-green-party-green-conservatives-b1166452.html |access-date=24 June 2024 |website=Evening Standard |language=en |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624143626/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/nhs-greens-green-party-green-conservatives-b1166452.html |url-status=live }}
The Liberal Democrats launched a mini-manifesto for carers.{{Cite web |date=24 June 2024 |title=Liberal Democrats launch mini-manifesto for carers |url=https://www.shropshirestar.com/news/uk-news/2024/06/24/liberal-democrats-launch-mini-manifesto-for-carers/ |access-date=24 June 2024 |website=www.shropshirestar.com |language=en |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624221212/https://www.shropshirestar.com/news/uk-news/2024/06/24/liberal-democrats-launch-mini-manifesto-for-carers/ |url-status=live }} It pledged to establish an independent living taskforce to help people live independently in their own homes, a new care worker's minimum wage to raise their pay by £2 an hour, and a new National Care Agency. Sunak released the Scottish Conservatives' manifesto.{{Cite web |last=Meighan |first=Craig |date=24 June 2024 |title=Scottish Tory manifesto pledges to 'reverse years of SNP incompetence' |url=https://news.stv.tv/politics/scottish-tory-manifesto-pledges-to-reverse-years-of-snp-incompetence |access-date=25 June 2024 |website=STV News |language=en-GB |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705013930/https://news.stv.tv/politics/scottish-tory-manifesto-pledges-to-reverse-years-of-snp-incompetence |url-status=live }} Starmer discussed a proposed Football Governance Bill,{{Cite web |last=EFL |date=24 June 2024 |title=Sir Keir Starmer visits Northampton Town to discuss Football Governance Bill |url=https://efl.com/news/2024/june/24/sir-keir-starmer-visits-northampton-town-to-discuss-football-governance-bill/ |access-date=26 June 2024 |website=EFL |language=en |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625184435/https://www.efl.com/news/2024/june/24/sir-keir-starmer-visits-northampton-town-to-discuss-football-governance-bill/ |url-status=live }} which will establish the new Independent Football Regulator.{{Cite news |date=18 March 2024 |title=Football Governance Bill: Legislation for independent football regulator being introduced |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68602074 |access-date=25 June 2024 |work=BBC Sport |language=en-GB |archive-date=2 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702051921/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68602074 |url-status=live }} The Conservatives and Liberal Democrats have also committed to introducing an Independent Football Regulator.{{Cite web |last=EFL |date=24 June 2024 |title=Sir Keir Starmer visits Northampton Town to discuss Football Governance Bill |url=https://efl.com/news/2024/june/24/sir-keir-starmer-visits-northampton-town-to-discuss-football-governance-bill/ |access-date=25 June 2024 |website=EFL |language=en |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625184435/https://www.efl.com/news/2024/june/24/sir-keir-starmer-visits-northampton-town-to-discuss-football-governance-bill/ |url-status=live }} The Liberal Democrats pledged to establish a series of "creative enterprise zones" across the UK to regenerate cultural output.{{Cite web |title=Lib Dems pledge 'creative enterprise zones' and European links in manifesto arts promise |url=https://www.thestage.co.uk/news/lib-dems-pledge-creative-enterprise-zones-in-manifesto-arts-promise |access-date=25 June 2024 |website=The Stage |language=En |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625182554/https://www.thestage.co.uk/news/lib-dems-pledge-creative-enterprise-zones-in-manifesto-arts-promise |url-status=live }}
On 26 June, Alex Salmond released the Alba Party manifesto. It pledged to increase funding for public services, increase NHS staffing, provide an annual £500 payment to households receiving the council tax reduction at a cost of £250 million, increase the Scottish Child Payment, reducing fuel bills, a new Scottish clean energy public company, and Scottish Independence.{{Cite web |date=26 June 2024 |title=Alba Party is 'natural home' for supporters of independence, declares Alex Salmond |url=https://www.thenational.scot/news/24411320.alex-salmond-alba-party-natural-home-independence-supporters/ |access-date=26 June 2024 |website=The National |language=en |archive-date=26 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626073903/https://www.thenational.scot/news/24411320.alex-salmond-alba-party-natural-home-independence-supporters/ |url-status=live }}
Starmer pledged GP reforms, including the training of thousands more GPs, updating the NHS App, and bringing back the 'family doctor'.{{Cite web |last=Dex |first=Robert |date=25 June 2024 |title=Labour pledges to end 8am scramble for GP appointments by training more doctors |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/labour-pledges-end-8am-scramble-gp-appointments-more-doctors-nhs-app-b1166785.html |access-date=26 June 2024 |website=Evening Standard |language=en |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625225526/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/labour-pledges-end-8am-scramble-gp-appointments-more-doctors-nhs-app-b1166785.html |url-status=live }} Labour would also trial new "neighbourhood health centres".{{Cite web |last=Lind |first=Sofia |date=13 June 2024 |title=Labour to 'reform' general practice with new 'neighbourhood health centres' |url=https://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/news/breaking-news/labour-to-reform-general-practice-with-new-neighbourhood-health-centres/ |access-date=26 June 2024 |website=Pulse Today |language=en-gb |archive-date=26 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626145310/https://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/news/breaking-news/labour-to-reform-general-practice-with-new-neighbourhood-health-centres/ |url-status=live }} The Social Democratic and Labour Party also launched their manifesto on 26 June in Northern Ireland.{{Cite news |date=26 June 2024 |title=SDLP taking aim at South Down as party launches election manifesto |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/sdlp-taking-aim-at-south-down-as-party-launches-election-manifesto/a1297953571.html |access-date=29 June 2024 |work=BelfastTelegraph.co.uk |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705023255/https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/sdlp-taking-aim-at-south-down-as-party-launches-election-manifesto/a1297953571.html |url-status=live }} It pledged a 'Marshall Plan' to tackle health, institutional reform, stronger environmental protection with an independent Environmental Protection Agency, and improving NI's financial settlement.{{Cite web |date=26 June 2024 |title=SDLP manifesto: Key policies analysed |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c511y8yyevjo |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627223444/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c511y8yyevjo |url-status=live }}
= 27 June – 4 July =
On 27 June, Labour pledged to reform careers advice and work experience in schools for one million pupils, committing to deliver two weeks' worth of quality work experience for every young person, and recruit more than thousands of new careers advisers.{{Cite web |last=Savage |first=Claudia |date=26 June 2024 |title=Labour pledges to 'turbocharge' careers advice for one million pupils |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/bridget-phillipson-keir-starmer-northamptonshire-conservatives-department-for-education-b1167078.html |access-date=27 June 2024 |website=Evening Standard |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627000030/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/bridget-phillipson-keir-starmer-northamptonshire-conservatives-department-for-education-b1167078.html |url-status=live }} This is part of the party's wider plan to establish a "youth guarantee" of access to training, an apprenticeship or support to find work for all 18 to 21-year-olds.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=26 June 2024 |title=Labour's Pledge to Boost Work Experience and Careers Advice – Sector Reaction |url=https://www.fenews.co.uk/skills/labours-pledge-to-boost-work-experience-and-careers-advice/ |access-date=27 June 2024 |website=www.fenews.co.uk |language=en-GB |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627080021/https://www.fenews.co.uk/skills/labours-pledge-to-boost-work-experience-and-careers-advice/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Brett-Harding |first=Will |date=25 June 2024 |title=How do election manifestos compare to the local growth evidence? |url=https://whatworksgrowth.org/insights/how-do-the-2024-manifestos-compare-to-the-evidence-on-local-growth/ |access-date=27 June 2024 |website=What Works Growth |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627191122/https://whatworksgrowth.org/insights/how-do-the-2024-manifestos-compare-to-the-evidence-on-local-growth/ |url-status=live }}
On 27 June, an undercover Channel 4 journalist secretly recorded members of Farage's campaign team using offensive racial, Islamophobic and homophobic language, also suggesting refugees should be used as "target practice".{{Cite news |last1=McKiernan |first1=Jennifer |last2=Francis |first2=Sam |date=27 June 2024 |title=Reform UK campaigners caught making racist slurs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c10l5qd8p60o |access-date=29 June 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=30 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240630233548/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c10l5qd8p60o |url-status=live }} In a statement, Farage said that he was "dismayed" at the "reprehensible" language.{{Cite news |date=27 June 2024 |title=Nigel Farage 'dismayed' at 'reprehensible' comments from Reform campaigners |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/c7227027mdnt |access-date=3 July 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=7 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707073451/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/c7227027mdnt |url-status=live }} Tice said that racist comments were "inappropriate". Farage later accused Channel 4 of a "set-up", stating that one of the canvassers, Andrew Parker, had been an actor. Farage stated that Parker had been "acting from the moment he came into the office", and cited video of Parker performing "rough-speaking" from his acting website. Channel 4 denied that Parker was known to them prior to the report.{{Cite news |date=30 June 2024 |title=Farage claims canvasser's racist comments a 'set-up' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/videos/cn38l8jz8edo |access-date=3 July 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=7 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707073506/https://www.bbc.com/news/videos/cn38l8jz8edo |url-status=live }} Regarding other members of his campaign team, Farage stated that the individuals in question had "watched England play football, they were in the pub, they were drunk, it was crass."{{Cite news |date=28 June 2024 |title=Sunak: being called an 'effing p***' by Reform activist 'hurts' and 'makes me angry' |url=https://www.itv.com/news/2024-06-28/farage-reform-campaigners-using-racist-slurs-are-the-odd-exception |access-date=3 July 2024 |work=ITV News |language=en-GB |archive-date=6 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706103410/https://www.itv.com/news/2024-06-28/farage-reform-campaigners-using-racist-slurs-are-the-odd-exception |url-status=live }}
On 29 June, the Liberal Democrats called for an 'emergency NHS budget' to hire more GPs.{{Cite web |title=Lib Dems demand 'emergency NHS budget' to hire more GPs |url=https://www.gponline.com/article/1878697 |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=www.gponline.com |language=en |archive-date=6 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706003423/https://www.gponline.com/lib-dems-demand-emergency-nhs-budget-hire-gps/article/1878697 |url-status=live }} Starmer hosted a major campaign rally,{{Cite web |title=Election latest: Elton John backs Labour and Starmer in general election; Sunak gives very personal speech at London temple |url=https://news.sky.com/story/election-2024-poll-sunak-starmer-debate-conservatives-labour-reform-lib-dem-12593360 |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=Sky News |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629055158/https://news.sky.com/story/election-2024-poll-sunak-starmer-debate-conservatives-labour-reform-lib-dem-12593360 |url-status=live }} and stated in The Guardian "if you vote Labour on Thursday, the work of change begins. We will launch a new national mission to create wealth in every community. We'll get to work on repairing our public services with an immediate cash injection, alongside urgent reforms. And we will break with recent years by always putting country before party".{{Cite news |last=Starmer |first=Keir |date=29 June 2024 |title=Labour needs a clear mandate. If you want change, vote for it |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/jun/29/dont-let-the-entitled-tories-back-in-be-a-part-of-the-change-that-britain-needs-keir-starmer |access-date=29 June 2024 |work=The Observer |language=en-GB |issn=0029-7712 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705020719/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/jun/29/dont-let-the-entitled-tories-back-in-be-a-part-of-the-change-that-britain-needs-keir-starmer |url-status=live }}
The Greens announced a 'Charter for Small Business', which pledged £2 billion per year in grant funding for local authorities, regional mutual banks for investment in decarbonisation and local economic sustainability, and increasing annual public subsidies for rail and bus travel to £10 billion.{{Cite web |last=Corry |first=Paul |date=28 June 2024 |title=Greens launch Charter for Small Business |url=https://greenparty.org.uk/2024/06/29/greens-launch-charter-for-small-business/ |access-date=30 June 2024 |website=Green Party |language=en-GB |archive-date=30 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240630045655/https://greenparty.org.uk/2024/06/29/greens-launch-charter-for-small-business/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Lill |first=Dominic |date=18 June 2024 |title=Manifestos for Small Businesses: Key Takeaways {{!}} Talk Business |url=https://www.talk-business.co.uk/2024/06/18/what-small-businesses-take-from-manifestos-how-to-prepare/ |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=Talk Business {{!}} Entrepreneur & Business Advice |language=en-GB |archive-date=3 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240703174849/https://www.talk-business.co.uk/2024/06/18/what-small-businesses-take-from-manifestos-how-to-prepare/ |url-status=live }} They also pledged free bus travel for under-18s.{{Cite web |last=James |first=Rhiannon |date=28 June 2024 |title=Greens set out charter for small businesses to help high streets thrive |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/business/business-news/greens-set-out-charter-for-small-businesses-to-help-high-streets-thrive-b1167585.html |access-date=30 June 2024 |website=Evening Standard |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705023021/https://www.standard.co.uk/business/business-news/greens-set-out-charter-for-small-businesses-to-help-high-streets-thrive-b1167585.html |url-status=live }} The Northern Ireland Conservatives also launched their manifesto.{{Cite web |date=29 June 2024 |title=Chris Heaton Harris launches NI Conservatives manifesto |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clwy311l7d3o |access-date=1 July 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701010638/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clwy311l7d3o |url-status=live }} On 30 June, the Liberal Democrats pledged to double funding for Bereavement Support Payments, and to spend £440 million a year on support for bereaved families.{{Cite web |author=A. O. L. Staff |date=30 June 2024 |title=Lib Dems pledge to spend £440 million a year on support for bereaved families |url=https://www.aol.co.uk/lib-dems-pledge-spend-440-213000501.html |access-date=30 June 2024 |website=www.aol.co.uk |language=en-GB |archive-date=30 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240630224301/https://www.aol.co.uk/lib-dems-pledge-spend-440-213000501.html |url-status=live }}
On 2 July, the Greens announced its £8 billion education package would include scrapping tuition fees, providing free school meals for all children, a qualified counsellor in every school and college, and new special needs provision. They also want to end formal testing in primary and secondary schools with a system of continuous assessment.{{Cite web |last=James |first=Rhiannon |date=1 July 2024 |title=Greens pledge to abolish Ofsted and SATs testing |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/greens-sats-ofsted-green-party-hugh-grant-b1168024.html |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=Evening Standard |language=en |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701233714/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/greens-sats-ofsted-green-party-hugh-grant-b1168024.html |url-status=live }} Former prime minister Boris Johnson campaigned for the Conservatives.{{Cite web |title=Boris Johnson revs up the faithful with vintage performance – but the cameo's too late to save the Tories |url=https://news.sky.com/story/boris-johnson-revs-up-the-faithful-with-vintage-performance-but-the-cameos-too-late-to-save-the-tories-13162656 |access-date=3 July 2024 |website=Sky News |language=en |archive-date=3 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240703013959/https://news.sky.com/story/boris-johnson-revs-up-the-faithful-with-vintage-performance-but-the-cameos-too-late-to-save-the-tories-13162656 |url-status=live }} On 3 July, the political parties made their closing arguments on the last day of campaigning, with Sunak stating he would "take full responsibility" for the result.{{Cite web |title=General election latest: Rishi Sunak and Keir Starmer make final pitches as campaigns come to a close |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/c7204p2r0dkt |access-date=3 July 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=3 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240703000503/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/c7204p2r0dkt |url-status=live }} At the end of the campaign, Labour maintained their significant lead in polling over the Conservatives, and had endorsements from celebrities, including Elton John.{{Cite news |last=Media |first=P. A. |date=29 June 2024 |title=Elton John among stars pledging support for Labour in general election |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/jun/29/sir-elton-john-among-stars-pledging-support-for-labour-in-general-election |access-date=3 July 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705022636/https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/jun/29/sir-elton-john-among-stars-pledging-support-for-labour-in-general-election |url-status=live }}
On 4 July, less than an hour before polls closed, Sunak's government announced the 2024 Dissolution Honours, with life peerages being given to 19 people, including former prime minister Theresa May and Cass Review author Hilary Cass.{{Cite web |title=Dissolution Peerages 2024 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/dissolution-peerages-2024 |website=GOV.UK |publisher=Prime Minister's Office, 10 Downing Street |access-date=4 July 2024 |language=en |date=4 July 2024 |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704204232/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/dissolution-peerages-2024 |url-status=live }}{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/theresa-may-dissolution-honours-list-b2574199.html|work=The Independent|title=Theresa May given peerage and Therese Coffey gets damehood in surprise dissolution honours list|date=5 July 2024|first=Jabed|last=Ahmed|access-date=6 July 2024|archive-date=7 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707073450/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/theresa-may-dissolution-honours-list-b2574199.html|url-status=live}}
Betting scandal
{{Main|2024 United Kingdom general election betting scandal}}
On 12 June 2024, it was reported that Conservative candidate and Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Prime Minister, Craig Williams had placed a £100 bet on the date of the election being in July, three days before the date was announced. The bet was referred to the Gambling Commission to determine whether Williams had placed the bet based on confidential information, which could constitute a criminal offence.{{cite news |last1=Crerar |first1=Pippa |title=Rishi Sunak aide placed bet on election date days before announcement |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/12/rishi-sunaks-closest-aide-placed-bet-on-election-date-days-before-announcement |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615124841/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/12/rishi-sunaks-closest-aide-placed-bet-on-election-date-days-before-announcement |archive-date=15 June 2024 |access-date=13 June 2024 |newspaper=The Guardian}} Williams apologised for the bet, but neither he nor Sunak would answer whether he had inside information.BBC News at Ten, BBC1, 13 June 2024{{cite news |last1=Martin |first1=Daniel |title=Sunak refuses to say whether aide who bet on election date knew it would be in July |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/13/craig-williams-foolish-says-david-cameron-election-bet/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614131332/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/13/craig-williams-foolish-says-david-cameron-election-bet/ |archive-date=14 June 2024 |access-date=14 June 2024 |newspaper=The Telegraph}}
On 19 June, a police protection officer assigned to Sunak was arrested for betting on the election date.{{cite news |last1=Quinn |first1=Ben |last2=Dodd |first2=Vikram |date=19 June 2024 |title=Sunak protection officer arrested over alleged bets on timing of election |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/article/2024/jun/19/sunak-protection-officer-arrested-over-alleged-bets-on-timing-of-election |access-date=20 June 2024 |work=The Guardian}}{{cite news |last1=Evans |first1=Martin |date=19 June 2024 |title=Sunak's protection officer arrested for betting on date of election |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/19/rishi-sunak-protection-officer-arrested-betting-election/ |access-date=20 June 2024 |work=The Telegraph |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619233934/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/19/rishi-sunak-protection-officer-arrested-betting-election/ |url-status=live }}{{cite news |title=Met officer working in Rishi Sunak's protection team arrested over alleged General Election bets |url=https://www.itv.com/news/2024-06-19/rishi-sunak-protection-officer-arrested-over-alleged-general-election-date-bets |access-date=20 June 2024 |work=ITV News |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619205224/https://www.itv.com/news/2024-06-19/rishi-sunak-protection-officer-arrested-over-alleged-general-election-date-bets |url-status=live }} On the same day, it was also announced that Laura Saunders, the Conservative candidate for Bristol North West, was being investigated for betting on the election date. Her husband, Tony Lee, was also being investigated by the Gambling Commission and took a leave of absence from his role as the party's director of campaigning on 19 June.{{cite news |last1=Culbertson |first1=Alix |date=20 June 2024 |title=More names expected to come out in betting scandal – as Tory candidate says she will 'fully cooperate' |url=https://news.sky.com/story/laura-saunders-second-conservative-candidate-facing-betting-probe-is-married-to-partys-head-of-campaigns-13155879 |access-date=20 June 2024 |work=Sky News |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620084141/https://news.sky.com/story/laura-saunders-second-conservative-candidate-facing-betting-probe-is-married-to-partys-head-of-campaigns-13155879 |url-status=live }}{{cite news |last1=Maddox |first1=David |date=20 June 2024 |title=Tory director of campaigning takes 'leave of absence' as betting scandal grows |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tories-betting-scandal-general-election-b2565814.html |access-date=20 June 2024 |work=The Independent |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620092201/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tories-betting-scandal-general-election-b2565814.html |url-status=live }}{{cite news |last1=Gibbons |first1=Amy |date=20 June 2024 |title=Conservative campaigning chief on leave as election bet claims are investigated |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/20/laura-saunders-tory-candidate-investigated-election-bet-ton/ |access-date=20 June 2024 |work=The Telegraph |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620082747/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/20/laura-saunders-tory-candidate-investigated-election-bet-ton/ |url-status=live }}
Over the following two weeks, it was reported that dozens of further Conservative Party-linked officials were being investigated by the Gambling Commission,{{cite news |last1=Mason |first1=Chris |date=23 June 2024 |title=More people investigated over general election bet allegations |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/crgggw4qkxzo |work=BBC News |archive-date=28 August 2024 |access-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240828093625/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/crgggw4qkxzo |url-status=live }} including Conservative Party's chief data officer, Nick Mason;{{Cite news |last1=Yorke |first1=Harry |last2=Wheeler |first2=Caroline |last3=Gabriel |first3=Pogrund |author-link3=Gabriel Pogrund |date=23 June 2024 |title=Top Tory under investigation for alleged election betting |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/allegations-of-election-betting-threaten-to-put-tories-in-meltdown-78vdvpkvj |access-date=23 June 2024 |work=The Sunday Times |language=en |archive-date=23 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623003404/https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/allegations-of-election-betting-threaten-to-put-tories-in-meltdown-78vdvpkvj |url-status=live }} The Times reported that the investigation was being widened to hundreds of suspicious bets.{{cite news |last1=Grylls |first1=George |date=25 June 2024 |title=Gambling watchdog widens inquiry into Tory betting scandal |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/gambling-watchdog-widens-probe-into-tory-betting-scandal-9vs3bt8xp |access-date=25 June 2024 |work=The Times |language=en |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624195431/https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/gambling-watchdog-widens-probe-into-tory-betting-scandal-9vs3bt8xp |url-status=live }} On 25 June, both Williams and Saunders had their support for their candidacies withdrawn by the Conservative Party.
In April 2025, Williams and 14 others were charged with offences under the Gambling Act 2005.https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/news/article/gambling-commission-charges-15-with-general-election-betting-offences
Debates and interviews
= Debates =
| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; text-align:center;" |
| style="border-right:none; text-align:right;" | ← 2019 debates
! style="border-left:none; border-right:none;" | 2024 |
|---|
Rishi Sunak challenged Keir Starmer to six televised debates.{{Cite news |last=Frayne |first=James |date=23 May 2024 |title=How Starmer could throw away a 20-point lead |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/05/23/throw-away-a-20-point-polling-lead-starmer-sunak-election/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |work=The Telegraph |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235 |archive-date=23 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523131503/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/05/23/throw-away-a-20-point-polling-lead-starmer-sunak-election/ |url-status=live}} Starmer announced that he would not agree to such a proposal, and offered two head-to-head debates—one shown on the BBC, and one shown on ITV; a spokesperson said both networks would offer the greatest audience, and the prospect of any debates on smaller channels would be rejected as it would not be a "valuable use of campaign time". Ed Davey declared his wish to be included in "any televised debates", although he would ultimately only be featured in one debate.{{Cite web |last=Francis |first=Sam |title=Starmer agrees to TV election debates with Sunak |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c2jjvpxxgr5o |website=BBC News |access-date=24 May 2024 |date=24 May 2024 |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609204952/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2jjvpxxgr5o |url-status=live}}
On 29 May, it was announced that the first leaders' debate would be hosted by ITV News with Julie Etchingham as moderator, on 4 June.{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=General election debate: ITV to host Rishi Sunak and Keir Starmer head-to-head |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cqee7mdm5llo |first=Steven |last=McIntosh |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=29 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529112610/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cqee7mdm5llo |url-status=live}} Key topics were the cost of living crisis, the National Health Service (NHS), young people, education, immigration and tax policy.{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=General election 2024: Sunak and Starmer clash over tax in first debate |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c800xw8zy9po |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608062351/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c800xw8zy9po |url-status=live}} Sunak said that Labour would cost households £2000 more in tax, which Starmer denied. Sunak said this figure was calculated by "independent Treasury officials". Fact checkers disputed the sum, stating it was based on assumptions made by political appointees and that the figure was over a four-year period. On 5 June, the BBC reported that James Bowler, the Treasury permanent secretary, wrote that "civil servants were not involved in the [...] calculation of the total figure used" and that "any costings derived from other sources or produced by other organisations should not be presented as having been produced by the Civil Service".{{Cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=Keir Starmer says Rishi Sunak had 'back against the wall' and lied in debate |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69088663 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605202515/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69088663 |url-status=live}} The Office for Statistics Regulation also criticised the claim on the grounds that it was presented without the listener knowing it was a sum over 4 years.{{Cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak defends £2,000 tax claim after widespread criticism |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cyrredd71z0o |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608081759/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cyrredd71z0o |url-status=live}} A YouGov snap poll after the debate indicated that 46% of debate viewers thought Sunak had performed better, and 45% believed Starmer had performed better.{{Cite web |title=General election 2024: ITV debate snap poll |url=https://yougov.co.uk/politics/articles/49618-general-election-2024-itv-debate-snap-poll |access-date=4 June 2024 |date=4 June 2024 |first1=Matthew |last1=Smith |website=YouGov |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604213956/https://yougov.co.uk/politics/articles/49618-general-election-2024-itv-debate-snap-poll |url-status=live}} A Savanta poll published the next day favoured Starmer 44% to Sunak 39%.{{Cite web |url=https://news.sky.com/story/election-latest-news-uk-sunak-starmer-tories-labour-live-12593360?postid=7773446 |title=Election latest: Sunak not taking questions amid talk of Tory battle to succeed him – as Dragon joins Starmer at brewery |access-date=6 June 2024 |archive-date=6 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606083607/https://news.sky.com/story/election-latest-news-uk-sunak-starmer-tories-labour-live-12593360?postid=7773446 |url-status=live}} The debate was watched by 5.37 million viewers, making it the most-viewed programme of the week.{{Cite web |url=https://www.barb.co.uk/viewing-data/most-viewed-programmes/ |title=Weekly top 50 shows: 03 Jun 2024 – 09 Jun 2024 |publisher=BARB |access-date=20 June 2024 |archive-date=18 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018150742/https://www.barb.co.uk/viewing-data/most-viewed-programmes/ |url-status=live }}
An STV debate hosted by Colin Mackay took place on 3 June, which included Douglas Ross, Anas Sarwar, John Swinney and Alex Cole-Hamilton.{{Cite web |last=Scott |first=Kevin |date=29 May 2024 |title=Scottish party leaders to take part in STV General Election debate |url=https://news.stv.tv/politics/john-swinney-anas-sarwar-douglas-ross-and-alex-cole-hamilton-to-take-part-in-stv-leaders-debate-on-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531135209/https://news.stv.tv/politics/john-swinney-anas-sarwar-douglas-ross-and-alex-cole-hamilton-to-take-part-in-stv-leaders-debate-on-monday |archive-date=31 May 2024 |access-date=2 June 2024 |website=STV News |language=en-GB}} Another debate between these leaders (also including Lorna Slater) took place on 11 June, on BBC Scotland, hosted by Stephen Jardine. A BBC debate hosted by Mishal Husain took place on 7 June, which included Nigel Farage, Carla Denyer, Rhun ap Iorwerth, Daisy Cooper, Stephen Flynn, Angela Rayner and Penny Mordaunt.{{Cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=The key figures who took part in BBC election debate |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1dd354j2z0o |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608125848/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1dd354j2z0o |url-status=live }} The debate included exchanges between Mordaunt and Rayner over tax, and all the attendees criticised Sunak leaving the D-Day events early; Farage called Sunak's actions "disgraceful" and said veterans had been deserted, Cooper said it was "politically shameful" and Mordaunt said Sunak's choice to leave prematurely had been "completely wrong".{{Cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=Seven takeaways from multi-party BBC election debate |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clddkpy66eno |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608145928/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clddkpy66eno |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=Mordaunt says Sunak's decision to leave D-Day event was 'wrong' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cg33x0907nro |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608021751/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cg33x0907nro |url-status=live }} After the seven-way debate, a snap poll found that viewers considered Farage had won, followed by Rayner, but that Flynn, Denyer and Cooper scored best on doing a good job.{{Cite web |title=More in Common Snap Poll – Post BBC Seven Party Debate |url=https://www.moreincommon.org.uk/general-election-2024/snap-poll-post-bbc-seven-party-debate/ |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=moreincommon.org.uk |language=en-US |archive-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608064336/https://www.moreincommon.org.uk/general-election-2024/snap-poll-post-bbc-seven-party-debate/ |url-status=live }} Another debate between these leaders took place on 13 June, with Julie Etchingham as moderator.{{Cite web |title=ITV announces further election debate {{Pipe}} Press Centre |url=https://www.itv.com/presscentre/presscentre/media-releases/itv-announces-further-election-debate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601000331/https://www.itv.com/presscentre/presscentre/media-releases/itv-announces-further-election-debate |archive-date=1 June 2024 |access-date=31 May 2024}}{{Cite web |title=General election live 2024: Parties clash over NHS and education in ITV debate |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69111362 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=BBC News |date=12 June 2024 |language=en-GB |archive-date=13 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613203445/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-69111362 |url-status=live}}
On 12 June Sky News hosted a leaders' event in Grimsby hosted by Beth Rigby, including Starmer and Sunak, where they took questions from both Rigby and the audience.{{Cite web |title=Be in the audience for our general election leaders event |url=https://news.sky.com/story/be-in-the-audience-for-our-general-election-leaders-event-13145102 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531135212/https://news.sky.com/story/be-in-the-audience-for-our-general-election-leaders-event-13145102 |archive-date=31 May 2024 |access-date=2 June 2024 |publisher=Sky News}} The debate covered various topics, including the NHS, the economy, education, immigration, housing and their future plans in government. Starmer started the event by saying he was putting the country ahead of his party, bringing Labour "back into the service of working people". He went on to attack the Conservatives on tax policy, saying that "the Tories are in no position to lecture anyone about tax rises".{{Cite web |date=12 June 2024 |title=Starmer: 'I knew we'd lose 2019 election with Corbyn' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/videos/c0kkjd982l7o |access-date=15 June 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617072331/https://www.bbc.com/news/videos/c0kkjd982l7o |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |date=13 June 2024 |title=Jeremy Corbyn accuses Keir Starmer of rewriting history |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn008x70kr6o |access-date=15 June 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705022820/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn008x70kr6o |url-status=live }} 64% of those questioned by YouGov immediately following the debate said that Starmer had performed better, compared to 36% who said Sunak had performed better.{{Cite web |title=Sir Keir Starmer performed best overall in Sky News leaders' event, poll suggests |url=https://news.sky.com/story/keir-starmer-performed-best-overall-in-sky-news-leaders-event-poll-suggests-13152218 |access-date=12 June 2024 |publisher=Sky News |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612235209/https://news.sky.com/story/keir-starmer-performed-best-overall-in-sky-news-leaders-event-poll-suggests-13152218 |url-status=live}}
Channel 4 News hosted a debate on 18 June with all seven of the main parties focusing solely on the issues of immigration and law and order.{{Cite web |date=18 June 2024 |title=Watch Channel 4 News' live debate – 'The UK Decides: Immigration, Law and Order'. |url=https://www.channel4.com/news/watch-channel-4-news-live-debate-the-uk-decides-immigration-law-and-order |access-date=30 June 2024 |website=Channel 4 News |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704232229/https://www.channel4.com/news/watch-channel-4-news-live-debate-the-uk-decides-immigration-law-and-order |url-status=live }} Other BBC debates included three Question Time specials, two hosted by Fiona Bruce on 20 and 28 June, and one hosted by Bethan Rhys Roberts on 24 June. The first of the two hosted by Bruce featured four separate half-hour question and answer sessions with Sunak, Starmer, Davey and Swinney; the second of the two hosted by Bruce featured the same format with Ramsay and Farage; the programme hosted by Rhys Roberts featured the same format with ap Iorwerth. There was a BBC Cymru Wales debate on 21 June;{{Cite web |date=2 June 2024 |title=BBC announces Network TV Election Debates and Question Time Leaders' Special |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/2024/election-debates-network-tv-question-time-leaders-special/ |access-date=2 June 2024 |website=BBC Media Centre |archive-date=2 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602210509/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/2024/election-debates-network-tv-question-time-leaders-special/ |url-status=live}} and a debate between Sunak and Starmer hosted by Husain took place on 26 June.{{Cite web |date=26 June 2024 |title=BBC general election debate live: Fiery Sunak slates Starmer on small boats as Labour leader blasts PM's 'Truss pledges' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/bbc-debate-live-general-election-2024-sunak-starmer-husain-b2569406.html?page=7 |access-date=26 June 2024 |website=The Independent }} There was also a BBC debate on 27 June involving the five largest Northern Irish political parties.
| class="wikitable" style="text-justify: none"
|+ 2024 United Kingdom general election debates in Great Britain |
| style="font-size:small;"
! rowspan="3" | Date ! rowspan="3" | Broadcaster ! rowspan="3" | Host ! rowspan="3" | Format ! rowspan="3" | Venue ! rowspan="3" | Viewing figures ! colspan="13" scope="col" | {{Hlist | {{Colors|black|#90ff90| P }} Present | {{Colors|black|#bfd| I }} Invited | {{Colors|black|#D0F0C0| S }} Surrogate | {{Colors|black|#A2B2C2| NI }} Not invited | {{Colors|black|#ff9090| A }} Absent | {{Colors|black|#FFD| N }} No debate }} |
| style="font-size:small;"
! scope="col" |Conservative ! scope="col" |Labour ! scope="col" |SNP ! scope="col" |Lib. Dems ! scope="col" |Plaid Cymru ! scope="col" |Green (E&W, SCO) ! scope="col" |Reform UK |
| style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};" |
! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}};" | ! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Scottish National Party}};" | ! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}};" | ! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Plaid Cymru}};" | ! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Green Party of England and Wales}};" | ! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Brexit Party}};" | |
|---|
| 3 June
| STV | Debate | STV Group HQ, Pacific Quay, Glasgow | align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI |
| 4 June
| ITV | Debate | dock10, MediaCityUK, Salford{{Cite web | title=Salford revealed as host of first Sunak v Starmer live TV election debate | date=29 May 2024 | url=https://www.prolificnorth.co.uk/news/salford-revealed-as-host-of-first-sunak-v-starmer-live-tv-election-debate/ | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=20 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620111533/https://www.prolificnorth.co.uk/news/salford-revealed-as-host-of-first-sunak-v-starmer-live-tv-election-debate/ | url-status=live }} | align="center" | 5.37{{Cite web |last1=Goldbart |first1=Max |title=General Election Debate Ratings Revealed: Rishi Sunak & Keir Starmer's Face-Off Watched By Less Than 5M |url=https://deadline.com/2024/06/general-election-ratings-revealed-rishi-sunak-keir-starmer-1235959300/ |website=Deadline |access-date=5 June 2024 |date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609204948/https://deadline.com/2024/06/general-election-ratings-revealed-rishi-sunak-keir-starmer-1235959300/ |url-status=live }} | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI |
| 7 June
| BBC | Debate | Broadcasting House, London{{Cite web | title=The BBC Election Debate – How to watch on TV and BBC iPlayer | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/bbc-election-debate-how-to-watch | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=5 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705024128/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/bbc-election-debate-how-to-watch | url-status=live }} | align="center" | 3.25{{Cite web|last1=Clarke|first1=Naomi|title=BBC multi-party General Election debate watched by 3.2m viewers on average|url=https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/newslondon/bbc-multi-party-general-election-debate-watched-by-32m-viewers-on-average/ar-BB1nRrQC|website=Evening Standard via MSN|access-date=10 June 2024|date=8 June 2024|archive-date=11 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611104931/https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/newslondon/bbc-multi-party-general-election-debate-watched-by-32m-viewers-on-average/ar-BB1nRrQC|url-status=live}} | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;" |P | style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;" |P | style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;" |P |
| 11 June
| BBC Scotland (Debate Night Leaders' Special) | Debate | Gilbert Scott Building, Gilmorehill Campus, University of Glasgow, Glasgow{{Cite web | title=BBC Scotland debate: Key exchanges as party leaders clash | date=11 June 2024 | url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/24381618.bbc-scotland-debate-key-exchanges-party-leaders-clash/ | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=5 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705002322/https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/24381618.bbc-scotland-debate-key-exchanges-party-leaders-clash/ | url-status=live }}{{Efn|Debate took place in Gilbert Scott Building's Bute Hall.}} | align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI |
| 12 June
| Sky News{{Efn|Not a debate: Sunak and Starmer separately answered questions from the studio audience.}} | Individual | Grimsby Town Hall, Grimsby{{Cite web | title=Key moments from Sunak and Starmer's grilling in Grimsby | website=Independent.co.uk | date=12 June 2024 | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/rishi-sunak-grimsby-grimsby-town-jeremy-corbyn-conservative-party-b2561592.html | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=4 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704233230/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/rishi-sunak-grimsby-grimsby-town-jeremy-corbyn-conservative-party-b2561592.html | url-status=live }} | {{TBA}} | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI |
| 13 June
| ITV | Julie Etchingham | Debate | dock10, MediaCityUK, Salford{{Cite web | title=ITV confirms line up for second dock10 General Election debate | date=12 June 2024 | url=https://www.prolificnorth.co.uk/news/itv-confirms-line-up-for-second-dock10-general-election-debate/ | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=20 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620111540/https://www.prolificnorth.co.uk/news/itv-confirms-line-up-for-second-dock10-general-election-debate/ | url-status=live }} | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P |
| 16 June{{Cite web |title=ITV Cymru Wales announces General Election coverage plans |url=https://www.itv.com/news/wales/2024-06-06/itv-cymru-wales-announces-election-coverage-plans |website=ITV News |access-date=7 June 2024 |date=6 June 2024 |archive-date=7 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607003830/https://www.itv.com/news/wales/2024-06-06/itv-cymru-wales-announces-election-coverage-plans |url-status=live }}
| Debate | ITV Cymru Wales HQ, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff | align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI |
| 18 June
| Channel 4 (News){{Efn|This debate was focused solely on the issues of immigration and law and order.}} | Debate | Firstsite, Colchester{{Cite web | title=Colchester's Firstsite hosts Channel 4 election debate | date=19 June 2024 | url=https://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/24398090.colchesters-firstsite-hosts-channel-4-election-debate/ | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=4 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704231345/https://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/24398090.colchesters-firstsite-hosts-channel-4-election-debate/ | url-status=live }} | align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S |
| 20 June
| BBC (Question Time Leaders' Special){{Efn|Not a debate: the party leaders were each separately asked questions by the studio audience.}} | Individual | Ron Cooke Hub, Campus East, University of York, York{{Cite web | title=University venue for flagship BBC Question Time Leaders' debate | url=https://www.york.ac.uk/news-and-events/news/2024/events/question-time-york/ | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=29 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629110810/https://www.york.ac.uk/news-and-events/news/2024/events/question-time-york/ | url-status=live }} | align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI |
| 21 June
| Bethan Rhys Roberts | Debate | BBC Cymru Wales New Broadcasting House, Central Square, Cardiff | align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | {{Yes|P |
| 24 June
| The Sun/Talk (Never Mind the Ballots: Election Showdown){{Efn|Not a debate: the party leaders were both separately asked questions.}} | Individual | The News Building, London{{Cite web | title=Sunak defends betting response, as Starmer denies Corbyn support — as it happened | date=24 June 2024 | url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/general-election-rishi-sunak-keir-starmer-sun-interview-betting-scandal-latest-news-fbgf2dmqp | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=29 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629103725/https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/general-election-rishi-sunak-keir-starmer-sun-interview-betting-scandal-latest-news-fbgf2dmqp | url-status=live }} | {{TBA}} | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI |
| 24 June
| BBC (Question Time Plaid Cymru Leader Special){{Efn|Not a debate.}} | Bethan Rhys Roberts | Individual | BBC Cymru Wales New Broadcasting House, Central Square, Cardiff | {{TBA}} | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI |
| 26 June
| BBC | Mishal Husain | Debate | Newton and Arkwright Buildings, City Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham{{Cite web | title=Nottingham Trent University to host final head-to-head General Election Debate tonight between Sir Keir Starmer and Rishi Sunak | url=https://www.ntu.ac.uk/about-us/news/news-articles/2024/06/nottingham-trent-university-to-host-final-head-to-head-general-election-debate-tonight | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=29 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629105109/https://www.ntu.ac.uk/about-us/news/news-articles/2024/06/nottingham-trent-university-to-host-final-head-to-head-general-election-debate-tonight | url-status=live }} | align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | {{Yes|P | {{Yes|P | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI |
| 28 June{{Cite web|date=18 June 2024|access-date=18 June 2024|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/2024/additional-question-time-leaders-special-and-scheduling-changes-to-panorama-interviews|website=BBC News|title=Additional Question Time Leaders' Special and scheduling changes to BBC Panorama interviews|archive-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705002313/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/2024/additional-question-time-leaders-special-and-scheduling-changes-to-panorama-interviews|url-status=live}}
| BBC (Question Time Leaders' Special){{Efn|Not a debate: the party leaders were each separately asked questions by the studio audience.}} | Fiona Bruce | Individual | Midlands Arts Centre, Birmingham{{Cite news | title=I want nothing to do with Reform racists, Farage tells Question Time | newspaper=The Telegraph | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/28/nigel-farage-reform-question-time-labour-starmer-sunak-tory/ | access-date=2 July 2024 | archive-date=2 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702090746/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/06/28/nigel-farage-reform-question-time-labour-starmer-sunak-tory/ | url-status=live | last1=Holl-Allen | first1=Genevieve | last2=Penna | first2=Dominic | last3=Sigsworth | first3=Tim }} |align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" |NI | {{Yes|P}} | {{Yes|P}} |
| class="wikitable sortable" |
| + 2024 United Kingdom general election debates in Northern Ireland |
| style="font-size:small;"
! rowspan="3" | Date ! rowspan="3" | Organiser ! rowspan="3" | Host ! rowspan="3" | Format ! rowspan="3" | Venue ! rowspan="3" | Viewing figures ! colspan="13" scope="col" | {{Hlist | {{Colors|black|#90ff90| P }} {{Small|Present}} | {{Colors|black|#bfd| I }} {{Small|Invited}} | {{Colors|black|#D0F0C0| S }} {{Small|Surrogate}} | {{Colors|black|#A2B2C2| NI }} {{Small|Not invited}} | {{Colors|black|#ff9090| A }} {{Small|Absent}} | {{Colors|black|#FFD| N }} {{Small|No debate}} }} |
| style="font-size:small;"
! scope="col" | DUP ! scope="col" | Sinn Féin ! scope="col" | SDLP ! scope="col" | UUP ! scope="col" | Alliance |
| style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Democratic Unionist Party}};" |
! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Sinn Féin}};" | ! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Social Democratic and Labour Party}};" | ! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Ulster Unionist Party}};" | ! style="width:6.5em; background:{{Party color|Alliance Party of Northern Ireland}};" | |
|---|
| 23 June{{Cite web |last=McCarthy |first=James Martin |date=23 June 2024 |title=UTV Election Debate: How each representative fared |url=https://www.belfastlive.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/utv-election-debate-how-each-29407873 |access-date=3 July 2024 |website=Belfast Live |language=en |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704231149/https://www.belfastlive.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/utv-election-debate-how-each-29407873 |url-status=live }}
| UTV | Vicki Hawthorne | Debate | UTV HQ, City Quays 2, Belfast{{Cite web | title=Brexit fall-out, finances and a unified Ireland dominate leaders' TV debate | url=https://www.itv.com/news/utv/2024-06-23/politicians-clash-in-utv-election-debate | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=29 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629111805/https://www.itv.com/news/utv/2024-06-23/politicians-clash-in-utv-election-debate | url-status=live }} | align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | {{Yes|P | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | {{Yes|P | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | {{Yes|P |
| 27 June
| Tara Mills | Debate | align="center" < ----DK---- >{{TBA}} | {{Yes|P | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | {{Yes|P | style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | S | {{Yes|P |
= Interviews =
In addition to the debates, the BBC and ITV broadcast programmes in which the leaders of the main parties were interviewed at length.{{Cite web |title=BBC News – Election 2024, The Panorama Interviews with Nick Robinson |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m0020jmz |access-date=28 June 2024 |website=BBC |language=en-GB |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627161239/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m0020jmz |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=The ITV Election Interviews |url=https://www.itv.com/watch/the-itv-election-interviews/10a5886a0001B/10a5886a0001 |access-date=28 June 2024 |website=ITV |archive-date=28 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628094155/https://www.itv.com/watch/the-itv-election-interviews/10a5886a0001B/10a5886a0001 |url-status=live }} Nick Robinson did BBC Panorama interviews with all the leaders of the main parties. Sunak's Tonight interview with Paul Brand drew substantial coverage in the week prior to broadcast, as Sunak controversially departed the D-Day commemorations early to attend. It was later revealed that the interview slot had been chosen by Sunak and his team from a range of options offered by ITN.{{Cite web |last1=Waterson |first1=Jim |title=From Partygate to Post Office to D-day: five ways ITV has shaken up the election |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/article/2024/jun/12/from-partygate-to-post-office-to-d-day-five-ways-itv-has-shaken-up-the-election |website=The Guardian |access-date=18 June 2024 |date=12 June 2024 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705023903/https://www.theguardian.com/media/article/2024/jun/12/from-partygate-to-post-office-to-d-day-five-ways-itv-has-shaken-up-the-election |url-status=live }}
Endorsements
{{Main|Endorsements in the 2024 United Kingdom general election}}
Newspapers, organisations, and individuals endorsed parties or individual candidates for the election.
Candidates
{{Main|Candidates in the 2024 United Kingdom general election}}
There were 4,515 candidates standing, which constitutes a record number, with a mean of 6.95 candidates per constituency. No seat had fewer than five people contesting it; Rishi Sunak's Richmond and Northallerton seat had the most candidates, with thirteen.{{Cite web|url=https://democracyclub.org.uk/blog/2024/06/08/2024-uk-general-election-candidate-summary/|title=2024 UK general election candidate summary|date=12 June 2024|website=democracyclub.org.uk|access-date=16 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609232037/https://democracyclub.org.uk/blog/2024/06/08/2024-uk-general-election-candidate-summary/|url-status=live}}
MPs who stood down at the election included the former prime minister Theresa May, the former cabinet ministers Sajid Javid, Dominic Raab, Matt Hancock, Ben Wallace, Nadhim Zahawi, Kwasi Kwarteng, and Michael Gove, the long-serving Labour MPs Harriet Harman and Margaret Beckett, and the former Green Party leader and co-leader Caroline Lucas, who was the first – and until this election the only – Green Party MP.{{Cite web |date=28 November 2022 |title=Rishi Sunak warned he has 'six months' to get a grip as rebellions grow |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/independentpremium/uk-news/rishi-sunak-tories-wind-farms-immigration-b2234632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207090421/https://www.independent.co.uk/independentpremium/uk-news/rishi-sunak-tories-wind-farms-immigration-b2234632.html |archive-date=7 December 2022 |access-date=7 December 2022 |website=The Independent |location=London}}
In March 2022, Labour abandoned all-women shortlists, citing legal advice that continuing to use them for choosing parliamentary candidates would be an unlawful practice under the Equality Act 2010, since the majority of Labour MPs were now women.{{Cite news |last=Rogers |first=Alexandra |date=7 March 2022 |title=Exclusive: Labour Drops All-Women Shortlists For Next General Election |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/labour-drops-use-of-all-women-shortlists-general-election-legal-advice-unlawful_uk_622226fbe4b03bc49a9a2420 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326050100/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/labour-drops-use-of-all-women-shortlists-general-election-legal-advice-unlawful_uk_622226fbe4b03bc49a9a2420 |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |work=HuffPost}}
In March 2024, Reform UK announced an electoral pact with the Northern Irish unionist party TUV.{{Cite web |last=Crisp |first=James |date=16 March 2024 |title=Reform strikes election pact with hardline Northern Ireland party |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/03/16/reform-first-election-pact-as-it-joins-farage-unionist-ally/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240316202122/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/03/16/reform-first-election-pact-as-it-joins-farage-unionist-ally/ |archive-date=16 March 2024 |access-date=17 March 2024 |website=The Telegraph |language=en-GB}}{{Cite news |date=16 March 2024 |title=TUV conference: Jim Allister announces partnership with Reform UK |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-politics-68547753 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523071244/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-politics-68547753 |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=16 March 2024 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}} ;{{Cite news |date=16 March 2024 |title=The future of DUP big hitters could now lie in Jim Allister's hands |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/opinion/columnists/suzanne-breen/the-future-of-dup-big-hitters-could-now-lie-in-jim-allisters-hands/a1296519538.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240316193948/https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/opinion/columnists/suzanne-breen/the-future-of-dup-big-hitters-could-now-lie-in-jim-allisters-hands/a1296519538.html |archive-date=16 March 2024 |access-date=16 March 2024 |work=Belfast Telegraph |language=en-GB}} The TUV applied to run candidates as "TUV/Reform UK" on ballot papers, but this was rejected by the Electoral Office.{{Cite web |title=Northern Ireland general election: 136 candidates to stand |date=7 June 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/crgglge642ro |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609204951/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crgglge642ro |archive-date=9 June 2024 |access-date=9 June 2024}} Nigel Farage unilaterally ended this deal by endorsing two competing candidates from the Democratic Unionist Party on 10 June.{{Cite web |title=Nigel Farage endorses DUP candidates despite TUV-Reform alliance |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c988p1xz2qdo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610181628/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c988p1xz2qdo |archive-date=10 June 2024 |access-date=10 June 2024 |website=BBC News|date=10 June 2024 }} Reform UK also announced a pact with the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a minor socially conservative and economically left-wing party, in some seats.{{Cite web |last=SDP |date=22 October 2022 |title=Reform UK and SDP Agree General Election Pact |url=https://sdp.org.uk/2022/10/22/reform-uk-and-sdp-agree-general-election-pact/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022144652/https://sdp.org.uk/2022/10/22/reform-uk-and-sdp-agree-general-election-pact/ |archive-date=22 October 2022 |access-date=21 May 2024 |website=SDP |language=en-US}}
| class="wikitable sortable"
|+All parties standing in at least 14 seats ! colspan="2" class="unsortable" |Parties{{Cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title=Who can I vote for in the UK 2024 general election? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cw55nk6yn01o |access-date=12 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615125521/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cw55nk6yn01o |url-status=live}} |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
|635 |
|---|
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
|631 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
|630 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Reform UK}}" |
|609 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}" |
|Green Party of England and Wales |574 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Workers Party of Britain}}" |
|152 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Social Democratic Party (UK, 1990–present)}}" |
|122 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Scottish National Party}}" |
|57 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Co-operative Party}}" |
|48{{Efn|In electoral pact with the Labour Party, all candidates are also standing for the Labour Party}} |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Scottish Greens}}" |
|44 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Heritage Party (UK)}}" |
|41 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition}}" |
|Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition |40 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Plaid Cymru}}" |
|32 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Yorkshire Party}}" |
|27 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Rejoin EU}}" |
|26 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|UKIP}}" |
|UKIP |24 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Christian Peoples Alliance}}" |
|22 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Official Monster Raving Loony Party}}" |
|Official Monster Raving Loony Party |22 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Alba Party}}" |
|19 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Alliance Party of Northern Ireland}}" |
|Alliance Party of Northern Ireland |18 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Social Democratic and Labour Party}}" |
|Social Democratic and Labour Party |18 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Ulster Unionist Party}}" |
|17 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}" |
|16 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Party of Women}}" |
|16 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Scottish Family Party}}" |
|16 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Communist Party of Britain}}" |
|14 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Sinn Féin}}" |
|14 |
| class="unsortable" style="background-color: {{Party color|Traditional Unionist Voice}}" |
|14 |
There were additionally:
- 37 other parties with more than one candidate standing,
- 36 candidates who were the sole representatives of their party,
- 459 independent candidates,
- the Speaker.
A more complete list can be found in the article Candidates in the 2024 United Kingdom general election.
Opinion polling
{{Main|Opinion polling for the 2024 United Kingdom general election}}
{{UK general election opinion polling|2010|2015|2017|2019|la2=yes|la3=yes|la4=yes|la5=yes|2024}}
Discussion around the campaign was focused on the prospect of a change in government, as Labour maintained significant leads in opinion polling over the Conservatives, with one in five voters voting tactically.{{Cite web |date=1 July 2024 |title=One in five voters say they are voting tactically at the 2024 general election |url=https://yougov.co.uk/politics/articles/49886-one-in-five-voters-say-they-are-voting-tactically-at-the-2024-general-election |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240707073451/https://yougov.co.uk/politics/articles/49886-one-in-five-voters-say-they-are-voting-tactically-at-the-2024-general-election |archive-date=7 July 2024 |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=YouGov}} Projections four weeks before the vote indicated a landslide victory for Labour that surpassed the one achieved by Tony Blair at the 1997 general election, while comparisons were made in the media to the 1993 Canadian federal election due to the prospect of a potential Conservative wipeout. A YouGov poll conducted four weeks before the vote suggested that Labour was on course for the party's biggest election victory in history, beating Blair's 1997 landslide. The poll indicated Labour could win 422 seats, while the Conservatives were projected to win 140 seats.{{Cite news |last=Zakir-Hussain |first=Maryam |date=3 June 2024 |title=General Election polls – latest: Labour set to win more seats than Blair in 1997, shock YouGov forecast says |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-2024-poll-tracker-labour-tories-yougov-b2555754.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603145109/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-2024-poll-tracker-labour-tories-yougov-b2555754.html |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |work=The Independent}}
Halfway through the campaign, psephologist John Curtice summarised the polls as having shown little change in the first two weeks of the campaign but that they had then shown some clear shifts. Specifically, both the Conservatives and Labour had shown a decline of a few percentage points, leaving the gap between them unchanged, while Reform UK and the Liberal Democrats had both shown an increase, with one YouGov poll published 13 June attracting attention for showing Reform UK one point above the Conservatives.{{Cite web |date=14 June 2024 |title=John Curtice on the Farage effect |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd11jpqgzp4o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615125456/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd11jpqgzp4o |archive-date=15 June 2024 |access-date=14 June 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}{{Cite web |title=Reform now 1pt ahead of the Tories, although this is still within the margin of error {{!}} YouGov |url=https://yougov.co.uk/politics/articles/49735-reform-now-1pt-ahead-of-the-tories-although-this-is-still-within-the-margin-of-error |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615125458/https://yougov.co.uk/politics/articles/49735-reform-now-1pt-ahead-of-the-tories-although-this-is-still-within-the-margin-of-error |archive-date=15 June 2024 |access-date=14 June 2024 |website=yougov.co.uk |language=en-GB}}
=Graphical summaries=
{{Excerpt|Opinion polling for the 2024 United Kingdom general election|Graphical summaries}}
= Projections =
Others figures include, importantly, the Speaker and all political parties in Northern Ireland, unless otherwise stated.
== Four weeks before the vote ==
== Two weeks before the vote ==
== One week before the vote ==
== Final projections ==
=Exit poll=
An exit poll conducted by Ipsos for the BBC, ITV, and Sky News was published at the end of voting at 22:00, predicting the number of seats for each party.{{Cite web |last=Wheeler |first=Brian |date=4 July 2024 |title=Starmer set to be PM as Tories face worst defeat – exit poll |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd1xnzlzz99o |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704210119/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd1xnzlzz99o |url-status=live }}
| class="wikitable"
|+ |
| style="vertical-align:top;"
! colspan="2" | Parties ! Seats ! Difference |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 410{{efn|name=incl-speaker|This figure includes the Speaker.}} | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 209 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 131 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Decrease}} 241 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 61 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 53 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Reform UK}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 13 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 13 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Scottish National Party}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 10 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Decrease}} 38 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Plaid Cymru}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 4 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 2 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 2 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 1 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Other}}" |
| Others | style="text-align:right;"| 19 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 1 |
| style="background-color:{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
! colspan="3" | Labour majority of 170 |
|---|
=BBC projection=
At about 4{{nbsp}}am on 5 July, the BBC released a new projection, combining the exit poll with the results coming in.{{Cite web |title=Latest BBC forecast predicts a crushing defeat for the Conservative party |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/videos/cz9dl2d5ylro |website=BBC |access-date=15 July 2024 |date=5 July 2024}}
| class="wikitable"
|+ |
| style="vertical-align:top;"
! colspan="2" | Parties ! Seats ! Difference |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 405{{efn|name=incl-speaker|This figure includes the Speaker.}} | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 204 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 154 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Decrease}} 218 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 56 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 48 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Scottish National Party}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 6 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Decrease}} 42 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Plaid Cymru}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 4 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 2 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Reform UK}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 4 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 4 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}" |
| style="text-align:right;"| 2 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 1 |
| bgcolor="{{Party color|Other}}" |
| Others | style="text-align:right;"| 19 | style="text-align:right;"| {{Increase}} 1 |
| style="background-color:{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
! colspan="3" | Labour majority of 160 |
|---|
Results
{{Main|Results of the 2024 United Kingdom general election|Candidates of the 2024 United Kingdom general election by constituency|List of MPs who lost their seat in the 2024 United Kingdom general election}}
Voting closed at 22:00, which was followed by an exit poll. The first seat, Houghton and Sunderland South, was declared at 23:15 with Bridget Phillipson winning for Labour.{{Cite web |title=UK general election results live: Exit poll predicts Labour to win general election landslide |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/cn09xn9je7lt |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704184540/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/cn09xn9je7lt |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last1=Leach |first1=Anna |last2=Clarke |first2=Seán |last3=Hoog |first3=Niels de |last4=Voce |first4=Antonio |last5=Gutiérrez |first5=Pablo |last6=Cousins |first6=Rich |last7=Fischer |first7=Harry |last8=Blight |first8=Garry |last9=Kirk |first9=Ashley |date=4 July 2024 |title=UK general election results 2024: live tracker |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/ng-interactive/2024/jul/04/uk-general-election-results-2024-live-in-full |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=the Guardian |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705022640/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/ng-interactive/2024/jul/04/uk-general-election-results-2024-live-in-full |url-status=live }} Inverness, Skye and West Ross-shire was the last seat to declare, due to multiple recounts after the election, with Angus MacDonald winning for the Liberal Democrats on the afternoon of 6 July.{{Cite web |title=Liberal Democrats win last UK seat to declare result |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cqe6y0jvmrdo |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=BBC |language=en-GB}} Notably, the 2024 election was the most unrepresentative in UK history, with Labour's number of votes being fewer than it received in 2019.{{cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/74108618-1638-421a-9a08-dc3073c277fa|title=Will Labour be able to maintain its coalition of contradictions?|last=Burn-Murdoch|first=John|date=5 July 2024|work=Financial Times|access-date=25 October 2024|url-access=subscription|quote=Wind forward to 2024 and Sir Keir Starmer's Labour party received half a million fewer votes than in 2019, again a third of the popular vote.}}{{cite news|url=https://makevotesmatter.org.uk/news/2024/7/6/election-2024-our-least-representative-election-ever/|title=Election 2024: our least representative election ever|last=Difford|first=Dylan|date=6 July 2024|work=Make Votes Matter|access-date=25 October 2024}}
= Summary of seats returned =
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Affiliate
! rowspan="2" | Leader ! colspan="3" | MPs ! colspan="3" | Aggregate votes | ||
|---|---|---|
| ! colspan=2 | Of total
! ! colspan=2 | Of total | ||
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Labour Party | style="text-align:left;" | Keir Starmer | style="text-align:right;" | 411{{Efn|name=Co-op|Includes 43 MPs sponsored by the Co-operative Party, who are designated Labour and Co-operative.{{Cite web|url=https://party.coop/about/|title=About: Members of Parliament|publisher=Co-operative Party|language=en-GB|access-date=10 May 2024|archive-date=14 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014113134/https://party.coop/about/|url-status=live}}|group=}} | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|411|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*411/650}} | c={{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 9,708,716 | style="text-align:right;" | 33.7% | {{Percentage bar|33.7 | c={{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Conservative Party | style="text-align:left;" | Rishi Sunak | style="text-align:right;" | 121 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|121|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*121/650}} | c={{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 6,828,925 | style="text-align:right;" | 23.7% | {{Percentage bar|23.7 | c={{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Liberal Democrats | style="text-align:left;" | Ed Davey | style="text-align:right;" | 72 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|72|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*72/650}} | c={{Party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 3,519,143 | style="text-align:right;" | 12.2% | {{Percentage bar|12.2 | c={{Party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Scottish National Party}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Scottish National Party | style="text-align:left;" | John Swinney | style="text-align:right;" | 9 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|9|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*9/650}} | c={{Party color|Scottish National Party}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 724,758 | style="text-align:right;" | 2.5% | {{Percentage bar|2.5 | c={{Party color|Scottish National Party}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Sinn Féin}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Sinn Féin | style="text-align:left;" | Mary Lou McDonald | style="text-align:right;" | 7 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|7|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*7/650}} | c={{Party color|Sinn Féin}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 210,891 | style="text-align:right;" | 0.7% | {{Percentage bar|0.7 | c={{Party color|Sinn Féin}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:#dcdcdc;" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Independent | {{N/A}} | style="text-align:right;" | 6 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|6|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*6/650}} | c=#dcdcdc}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 564,243 | style="text-align:right;" | 2.0% | {{Percentage bar|2.0 | c=#dcdcdc}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Reform UK}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Reform UK | style="text-align:left;" | Nigel Farage | style="text-align:right;" | 5 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|5|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*5/650}} | c={{Party color|Reform UK}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 4,117,610 | style="text-align:right;" | 14.3% | {{Percentage bar|14.3 | c={{Party color|Reform UK}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Democratic Unionist Party}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Democratic Unionist Party | style="text-align:left;" | Gavin Robinson | style="text-align:right;" | 5 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|5|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*5/650}} | c={{Party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 172,058 | style="text-align:right;" | 0.6% | {{Percentage bar|0.6 | c={{Party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Green Party of England and Wales}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Green Party of England and Wales | style="text-align:left;" | Carla Denyer | style="text-align:right;" | 4 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|4|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*4/650}} | c={{Party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 1,841,888 | style="text-align:right;" | 6.4% | {{Percentage bar|6.4 | c={{Party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Plaid Cymru}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Plaid Cymru | style="text-align:left;" | Rhun ap Iorwerth | style="text-align:right;" | 4 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|4|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*4/650}} | c={{Party color|Plaid Cymru}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 194,811 | style="text-align:right;" | 0.7% | {{Percentage bar|0.7 | c={{Party color|Plaid Cymru}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Social Democratic and Labour Party}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Social Democratic and Labour Party | style="text-align:left;" | Colum Eastwood | style="text-align:right;" | 2 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|2|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*2/650}} | c={{Party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 86,861 | style="text-align:right;" | 0.3% | {{Percentage bar|0.3 | c={{Party color|Social Democratic and Labour Party}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Alliance Party of Northern Ireland}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Alliance Party of Northern Ireland | style="text-align:left;" | Naomi Long | style="text-align:right;" | 1 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|1|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*1/650}} | c={{Party color|Alliance Party of Northern Ireland}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 117,191 | style="text-align:right;" | 0.4% | {{Percentage bar|0.4 | c={{Party color|Alliance Party of Northern Ireland}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Ulster Unionist Party}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Ulster Unionist Party | style="text-align:left;" | Doug Beattie | style="text-align:right;" | 1 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|1|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*1/650}} | c={{Party color|Ulster Unionist Party}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 94,779 | style="text-align:right;" | 0.3% | {{Percentage bar|0.3 | c={{Party color|Ulster Unionist Party}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Traditional Unionist Voice}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Traditional Unionist Voice | style="text-align:left;" | Jim Allister | style="text-align:right;" | 1 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|1|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*1/650}} | c={{Party color|Traditional Unionist Voice}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 48,685 | style="text-align:right;" | 0.2% | {{Percentage bar|0.2 | c={{Party color|Traditional Unionist Voice}}}} |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{Party color|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | Speaker | style="text-align:left;" | Lindsay Hoyle | style="text-align:right;" | 1 | style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|1|650|1|pad=yes}} | data-sort-value="" | {{Percentage bar|{{#expr:100*1/650}} | c={{Party color|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 25,238 | style="text-align:right;" | 0.1% | {{Percentage bar|0.1 | c={{Party color|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}}}} |
=Full results=
{{2024 United Kingdom parliamentary election}}
= By nation and region =
{{Table alignment}}
| class="wikitable defaultcenter col1left" style="font-size:100%" |
| colspan=15 class="col1center" bgcolor="white" | {{Switcher
| File:2024 UK general election, countries and regions.svg | Regional map shaded by proportion of aggregate votes of largest affiliate | File:2024-uk-election-by-region-and-nation-full.svg | Regional map shaded by proportion of seats of largest affiliate }} |
| colspan=15 class="col1center" style="background-color:white;" | Seats by nations and regions |
|---|
| rowspan="2" |Nation/region
! rowspan="2" |Seats | bgcolor="{{Party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" | | bgcolor="{{Party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" | | bgcolor="{{Party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" | | bgcolor="{{Party color|Scottish National Party}}" | | bgcolor="{{Party color|Reform UK}}" | | bgcolor="{{Party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}" | | bgcolor="{{Party color|Plaid Cymru}}" | | bgcolor="{{Party color|Sinn Féin}}" | | bgcolor="{{Party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}" | | bgcolor="{{Party color|Other}}" | |
| style="width:50px;" |Lab.
!style="width:50px;" |Con. !style="width:50px;" |Lib. Dems !style="width:50px;" |SNP !style="width:50px;" |Ref. !style="width:50px;" |Green !style="width:50px;" |PC !style="width:50px;" |SF !style="width:50px;" |DUP !style="width:50px;" |Others |
| East of England
!61 | style="font-weight:bold;" |27 |23 |7 |{{NA}} |3 |1 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |0 |
| East Midlands
!47 | style="font-weight:bold;" |29 |15 |0 |{{NA}} |2 |0 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |1 |
| London
!75 | style="font-weight:bold;" |59 |9 |6 |{{NA}} |0 |0 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |1 |
| North East
!27 | style="font-weight:bold;" |26 |1 |0 |{{NA}} |0 |0 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |0 |
| North West
!73 | style="font-weight:bold;" |65 |3 |3 |{{NA}} |0 |0 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |2 |
| South East
!91 | style="font-weight:bold;" |36 |30 |24 |{{NA}} |0 |1 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |0 |
| South West
!58 | style="font-weight:bold;" |24 |11 |22 |{{NA}} |0 |1 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |0 |
| West Midlands
!57 | style="font-weight:bold;" |38 |15 |2 |{{NA}} |0 |1 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |1 |
| Yorkshire and the Humber
!54 | style="font-weight:bold;" |43 |9 |1 |{{NA}} |0 |0 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |1 |
| Scotland
!57 | style="font-weight:bold;" |37 |5 |6 |9 |0 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |0 |
| Wales
!32 | style="font-weight:bold;" |27 |0 |1 |{{NA}} |0 |0 |4 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |0 |
| Northern Ireland
!18 |{{NA}} |0 |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} |{{NA}} | style="font-weight:bold;" |7 |5 |6 |
| Total
! 650 | style="font-weight:bold;" | 411 | 121 | 72 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 12 |
File:UK 2024 election hex map.svg
File:Runners up in the 2024 UK GE.svg
The result was a landslide win for Labour and a historic loss for the Conservatives. It was the latter's worst result since formalising as a party in the early 19th century, and the largest defeat for any incarnation of the Tories in purely numeric terms since 1761 when they achieved 112 MPs, up from their all time numeric low of 106 in 1754, although those made up a higher percentage of seats in Parliament (18.9% in 1754 and 20.1% in 1761 as opposed to 18.6% in 2024) due to the smaller sized House of Commons in 1754–1761 of 557 MPs. The Conservatives won no seats in Wales or various English counties, including Cornwall and Oxfordshire (the latter historically known for having several safe Conservative seats), and they only won one seat in North East England. Keir Starmer became the fourth prime minister in a two-year period.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cxr2yzy22kyo|title='Starmer tsunami' and civility after brutality|last=Mason|first=Chris|date=5 July 2024|website=BBC News}} Turnout, at 59.9%, was the second lowest since records began in 1885 with only 2001 being lower at 59.4%.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c4nglegege1o|title=General election 2024 in maps and charts|date=4 July 2024|website=BBC News}}
The Liberal Democrats made significant gains to reach their highest ever number of seats, mostly gaining Conservative seats in Southern England. This was also the best performance since its predecessor Liberal Party won 158 seats, in third place, in 1923{{cite news |last=Walker |first=Peter |date=2024-07-05 |title=Lib Dems oust four cabinet ministers as they win record number of seats |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/04/ed-davey-support-liberal-democrats-exit-poll-near-record-seat-count |access-date=2024-07-12 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}} (itself a higher score than the second-placed Conservatives achieved in this 2024 election) and superior to Labour's 1918 and 1931 performances, as second-placed official Opposition on both occasions. Reform UK had MPs elected to the Commons for the first time. Their leader, Nigel Farage, was elected to Parliament on what was his eighth attempt.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3gw83w8xg9o|title=Nigel Farage wins Clacton as Reform UK takes four seats|date=4 July 2024|website=BBC News}} The Green Party of England and Wales also won a record number of seats.{{Cite web |title=Historic firsts from the 2024 general election in numbers and charts Dr |first1=Hannah |last1=Bunting |first2=Joely |last2=Santa Cruz |date=5 July 2024 |url=https://news.sky.com/story/historic-firsts-from-the-2024-general-election-in-numbers-and-charts-13163306 |website=Sky News}} The party's two co-leaders, Carla Denyer and Adrian Ramsay, both entered Parliament for the first time.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjr48kpjpk9o|title=Greens celebrate as party wins record four seats|date=5 July 2024|website=BBC News}}
The Scottish National Party (SNP) lost around three quarters of its seats to Scottish Labour. Labour returned to being the largest party in Scotland and remained so in Wales, although their vote share fell in Wales.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/cn09xn9je7lt|title=UK general election results live: Keir Starmer arrives at Downing Street for first speech as prime minister|website=BBC News}}
Because the Democratic Unionist Party lost 3 seats, Sinn Féin won the most seats in Northern Ireland, making it the first time an Irish nationalist party was the largest party in Parliament from Northern Ireland. The Traditional Unionist Voice entered the Commons for the first time.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8978z7z8w4o|title=Sinn Féin becomes NI's largest Westminster party|date=4 July 2024|website=BBC News}} In North Down, independent Unionist candidate Alex Easton emerged victorious over the Alliance Party incumbent Stephen Farry,{{Cite news |title=North Down – General election results 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/N05000013 |access-date=2024-07-05 |work=BBC News}} resulting in the election of a total of six independent MPs across the UK.
Four independent candidates (Ayoub Khan, Adnan Hussain, Iqbal Mohamed, Shockat Adam) outright defeated Labour candidates as well as one (Claudia Webbe) acting as a spoiler to defeat one in areas with large Muslim populations; the results were suggested to be a push-back against Labour's stance on the Israel–Hamas war and Gaza humanitarian crisis.{{Cite news |last=Stacey |first=Kiran |last2= |first2= |date=5 July 2024 |title=Senior Labour figures admit stance on Gaza cost party seats |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/05/labour-loses-three-seats-to-pro-palestinian-candidates |access-date=6 July 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}{{Cite news |last=Ford |first=Robert |date=7 July 2024 |title=Labour put 'safe' seats at risk to target marginals. It paid off – but there's a cost |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/07/labour-safe-seats-marginals-landslide-victory-vote |access-date=7 July 2024 |work=The Observer |language=en-GB |issn=0029-7712}} Additionally, Wes Streeting retained his Ilford North constituency by a margin of only 528 votes following a challenge by independent British-Palestinian candidate Leanne Mohamad,{{Cite web |last1=Mulla |first1=Imran |date=5 July 2024 |title=UK election 2024: British-Palestinian Leanne Mohamad narrowly loses to Labour's Wes Streeting |url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/uk-election-british-palestinian-leanne-mohamad-loses-labour-wes-streeting |access-date=6 July 2024 |publisher=Middle East Eye}} while prominent Labour MP Jess Phillips retained her Birmingham Yardley constituency by a margin of 693 votes.{{Cite web |last1=Kelly |first1=Kieran |date=5 July 2024 |title=Labour's Jess Phillips wins seat by less than 700 votes against candidate who said trans people are 'danger to society' |url=https://www.lbc.co.uk/news/labour-jess-phillips-wins-seat-just-700-votes/ |access-date=6 July 2024 |publisher=LBC}} Labour candidate Paul Waugh won the seat of Rochdale from incumbent MP George Galloway, despite the constituency's sizeable Muslim population.{{Cite news |last1=Ahmed |first1=Jabed |date=5 July 2024 |title=George Galloway loses Rochdale seat to Labour four months after by-election win |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/george-galloway-rochdale-election-result-b2574311.html |access-date=5 July 2024}} In Islington North, Jeremy Corbyn defeated the Labour candidate with a majority of 7,247; Corbyn is a prominent activist for Palestinian solidarity.{{Cite news |last=Dyer |first=Henry |date=5 July 2024 |title=Jeremy Corbyn re-elected in Islington North after expulsion from Labour |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/05/jeremy-corbyn-re-elected-in-islington-north-for-first-time-as-independent-mp |access-date=5 July 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}
= Proportionality concerns =
File:Proportional results of the 2024 UK General Election.svg
The combined vote share for Labour and the Conservatives reached a record low, with smaller parties doing well, and this election had the lowest vote share for any party forming a majority government since World War II.{{cite web |page=6,11 |url=https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-10009/CBP-10009.pdf |title=General election 2024: Results and analysis |last1=Cracknell |first1=Richard |last2=Baker |first2=Carl |publisher=UK Parliament |work=House of Commons Library |id=CBP-10009 |date=24 September 2024 |access-date=22 November 2024}}
The election was highly disproportionate, as Labour won 63% of seats (411) with only 34% of the vote, while Reform won under 0.8% of seats (5) with 14.3% of the vote under the UK's first-past-the-post voting system.{{Cite web |last=Surridge |first=Paula |author-link=Paula Surridge |date=5 July 2024 |title=Labour wins big but the UK's electoral system is creaking |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/05/labour-wins-big-uk-electoral-system-creaking |access-date=5 July 2024 |work=The Guardian}} The Liberal Democrats recorded their best ever seat result (72), despite receiving only around half the votes they did in 2010,{{Cite web |date=5 July 2024 |title=The Guardian view on Labour's landslide: becoming the change the country needs |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/jul/05/the-guardian-view-on-labours-landslide-becoming-the-change-the-country-needs |access-date=5 July 2024 |work=The Guardian}} and fewer votes overall than Reform, although the party's seat share was again lower than its share of the vote. As Starmer's government was elected with the lowest share of the vote of any majority party on record, journalist Fraser Nelson described Labour's electoral success as a "Potemkin landslide".{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=Fraser |author-link=Fraser Nelson |date=5 July 2024 |title=Labour's Potemkin landslide |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/labours-potemkin-landslide/ |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=The Spectator}} An editorial from The Guardian described the result as a "crisis of electoral legitimacy" for the incoming Labour government.
The Gallagher index gave the election a 23.67 score, making it the least proportionate election in modern UK history according to the index, as well as the 5th least proportional result worldwide as of 2024.{{cite web |last=Gallagher |first=Michael |title=Election Indices |url=https://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/about/people/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/ElectionIndices.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240729233608/https://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/about/people/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/ElectionIndices.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2024 |access-date=29 July 2024}} According to political scientist John Curtice, the 2024 election was the most disproportional in British history and Labour's parliamentary majority was "heavily exaggerated" by the voting system.{{Cite web |last=Curtice |first=John |author-link=John Curtice |date=5 July 2024 |title=Labour's strength in Commons is heavily exaggerated |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/john-curtice-general-election-labour-victory-results-7cpgvbrcs |access-date=6 July 2024 |work=The Times}} Advocacy group Make Votes Matter found that 58% of voters did not vote for their elected MP. Make Votes Matter spokesman Steve Gilmore, Electoral Reform Society chief Darren Hughes, Reform UK leader Nigel Farage and the Green Party of England and Wales co-leader Adrian Ramsay were among the figures that called for electoral reform in the wake of the election. The campaigners said it was the "most disproportionate election in [British] history".{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/08/disproportionate-uk-election-results-boost-calls-to-ditch-first-past-the-post|last=Topping|first=Alexandra|date=8 July 2024|title='Disproportionate' UK election results boost calls to ditch first past the post|work=The Guardian|access-date=8 July 2024}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c886pl6ldy9o|date=5 July 2024|title=Biggest-ever gap between number of votes and MPs hits Reform and Greens|work=BBC News|access-date=8 July 2024}}
=Marginality=
The election resulted in more widespread marginality, with 31% of seats won on margins up to 10% compared with 22% in the 2019 election.House of Commons https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/2024-general-election-marginality/
= Voter demographics =
== YouGov ==
Below is listed YouGov's demographic breakdown.
{{table alignment}}
| class="wikitable defaultright col1left"
|+ Breakdown of vote in Great Britain into affiliates (%) by demographic{{cite web|url=https://yougov.co.uk/politics/articles/49978-how-britain-voted-in-the-2024-general-election|title=How Britain voted in the 2024 general election|website=YouGov.co.uk|date=8 July 2024|access-date=21 July 2024}} | |||||||
| scope="col" style="width:125px;" rowspan="2" | Category
! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | Lab. ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | Con. ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | Ref. ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | LD ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | Grn ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | SNP ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" rowspan="2" | Others ! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Margin | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
! style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"| ! style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Brexit Party}}"| ! style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| ! style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}"| ! style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| | |||||||
| All
| style="background:#FFA3A3;" | 35 | 24 | 15 | 13 | 7 | 3 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 | |||||||
| colspan="9" | Gender | |||||||
| Female
| style="background:#FFA3A3;"| 35 | 26 | 12 | 13 | 8 | 2 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |9 | |||||||
| Male
| style="background:#FFA3A3;"| 34 | 23 | 17 | 12 | 6 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 | |||||||
| colspan="9" | Age | |||||||
| 18–24
| style="background:#FFA3A3;" | 41 | 8 | 9 | 16 | 18 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |23 | |||||||
| 25–49
| style="background:#FFA3A3;" | 44 | 14 | 12 | 14 | 9 | 2 | 5 | style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |30 | |||||||
| 50–64
| style="background:#FFA3A3;" | 32 | 26 | 19 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |6 | |||||||
| 65+
| 22 | style="background:#A5DFFF;" | 42 | 16 | 11 | 3 | 2 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |20 | |||||||
| colspan="9" | Women by age | |||||||
| 18–24
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 42 | 6 | 6 | 16 | 23 | 3 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |19 | |||||||
| 25–49
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 45 | 15 | 10 | 14 | 10 | 2 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |30 | |||||||
| 50–64
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 32 | 29 | 16 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |3 | |||||||
| 65+
| 23 | style="background:#A5DFFF;" | 42 | 13 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |19 | |||||||
| colspan="9" |Men by age | |||||||
| 18–24
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 40 | 10 | 12 | 16 | 12 | 3 | 7 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |24 | |||||||
| 25–49
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 43 | 14 | 15 | 13 | 8 | 3 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |28 | |||||||
| 50–64
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 32 | 23 | 22 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |9 | |||||||
| 65+
| 21 | style="background:#A5DFFF;" | 41 | 16 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |20 | |||||||
| colspan="9" | Social class (summary) | |||||||
| ABC1
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 36 | 25 | 11 | 14 | 7 | 2 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 | |||||||
| C2DE
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 33 | 23 | 20 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |10 | |||||||
| colspan="9" | Social class (all) | |||||||
| AB
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 36 | 27 | 10 | 15 | 7 | 2 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |9 | |||||||
| C1
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 36 | 23 | 13 | 13 | 8 | 3 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |13 | |||||||
| C2
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 32 | 24 | 20 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |8 | |||||||
| DE
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 34 | 23 | 19 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 | |||||||
| colspan="9" | Highest educational level | |||||||
| Low
| 28 | style="background:#A3DEFF;" | 31 | 23 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |3 | |||||||
| Medium
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 32 | 26 | 16 | 12 | 7 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |6 | |||||||
| High
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 42 | 18 | 8 | 15 | 9 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |24 | |||||||
| colspan="9" | Household earnings | |||||||
| Less than £20,000
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" |33 | 24 | 17 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 5
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |9 | |
| £20,000{{en dash}}29,999
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" |32 | 26 | 17 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 5
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |6 | |
| £30,000{{en dash}}49,999
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" |34 | 25 | 15 | 12 | 7 | 3 | 5
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 | |
| £50,000{{en dash}}69,999
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" |40 | 20 | 14 | 13 | 7 | 3 | 3
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |20 | |
| £70,000+
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" |40 | 22 | 10 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 4
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |18 | |
| colspan="9" | Household tenure | |||||||
| Own outright | 25 | style="background:#A3DEFF;" |37 | 16 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 4
| style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |12 |
| Mortgage
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" |39 | 21 | 14 | 13 | 6 | 2 | 4
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |18 | |
| Private rent
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" |42 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 5
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |28 | |
| Social rent
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" |42 | 14 | 21 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 4
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |21 | |
| Rent-free
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" |40 | 15 | 11 | 14 | 12 | 3 | 5
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |25 | |
| colspan="9" | By affiliation of vote in 2019 general election | |||||||
| Conservative
| 10 | style="background:#A3DEFF;" | 53 | 25 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |28 | |||||||
| Labour
| style="background:#FF7676;" | 71 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |61 | |||||||
| Lib. Dems
| 30 | 10 | 2 | style="background:#FEE1A8;" | 49 | 5 | 0 | 2 | style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}; color:white;" |19 | |||||||
| SNP
| 22 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Scottish National Party}};" | 60 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Scottish National Party}}; color:black;" |38 | |||||||
| Brexit Party
| 8 | 9 | style="background:{{party color|Brexit Party}};" | 69 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 7 | style="background:{{party color|Brexit Party}}; color:white;" |60 | |||||||
| Green
| 28 | 7 | 7 | 14 | style="background:lightgreen;" | 36 | 2 | 7 | style="background:{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}; color:white;" |8 |
== Ipsos ==
Below is listed Ipsos's demographic breakdown.
{{table alignment}}
| class="wikitable defaultright col1left"
|+ Breakdown of vote in Great Britain into affiliates (%) by demographic{{Cite web |date=2024-07-26 |title=How Britain voted in the 2024 election |url=https://www.ipsos.com/en-uk/how-britain-voted-in-the-2024-election |website=Ipsos}} ! scope="col" style="width:125px;" rowspan="2" | Category ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | Lab. ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | Con. ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | Ref. ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | LD ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | Grn ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" | SNP/PC ! scope="col" style="width:50px;" rowspan="2" | Others ! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Margin |
| scope="col" style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
! scope="col" style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"| ! scope="col" style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Brexit Party}}"| ! scope="col" style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| ! scope="col" style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}"| ! scope="col" style="color:inherit; background-color:{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
|---|
| All
| style="background:#FFA3A3;"| 35 | 24 | 15 | 13 | 7 | 4 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 |
| colspan="9" | Gender |
| Female
| style="background:#FFA3A3;"| 35 | 26 | 13 | 13 | 7 | 4 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |9 |
| Male
| style="background:#FFA3A3;"| 34 | 23 | 17 | 12 | 7 | 4 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 |
| colspan="9" | Age |
| 18–24
| style="background:#FFA3A3;" | 41 | 5 | 8 | 16 | 20 | 5 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |21 |
| 25–34
| style="background:#FFA3A3;" | 47 | 10 | 13 | 11 | 12 | 3 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |34 |
| 35–44
| style="background:#FFA3A3;" | 41 | 17 | 14 | 13 | 7 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |24 |
| 45–54
| style="background:#FFA3A3;" | 36 | 22 | 17 | 14 | 6 | 2 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color: white;" |14 |
| 55–64
| style="background:#FFA3A3;" | 32 | 27 | 19 | 12 | 4 | 3 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color: white;" |5 |
| 65+
| 23 | style="background:#A5DFFF;" | 43 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 4 | 1 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |20 |
| colspan="9" | Women by age |
| 18–24
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 45 | 5 | 7 | 16 | 17 | 3 | 6 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |28 |
| 25–34
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 47 | 9 | 7 | 16 | 17 | 3 | 6 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |30 |
| 35–54
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 39 | 19 | 14 | 13 | 8 | 3 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |20 |
| 55+
| 26 | style="background:#A5DFFF;" | 40 | 13 | 13 | 3 | 4 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |14 |
| colspan="9" |Men by age |
| 18–24
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 36 | 4 | 9 | 16 | 21 | 8 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |15 |
| 25–34
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 47 | 10 | 14 | 10 | 12 | 3 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |33 |
| 35–54
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 38 | 20 | 17 | 13 | 5 | 3 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |18 |
| 55+
| 27 | style="background:#A5DFFF;" | 35 | 20 | 11 | 3 | 3 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |8 |
| colspan="9" | Social class |
| AB
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 36 | 26 | 9 | 17 | 7 | 2 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |10 |
| C1
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 36 | 25 | 12 | 13 | 8 | 2 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 |
| C2
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 31 | 25 | 25 | 10 | 5 | 4 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |6 |
| DE
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 32 | 26 | 17 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 |
| colspan="9" | Highest educational level |
| No qualifications
| 28 | style="background:#A3DEFF;" | 39 | 18 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |11 |
| Other qualifications
| 30 | style="background:#A3DEFF;" | 32 | 13 | 13 | 4 | 3 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |2 |
| Degree or higher
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 43 | 19 | 7 | 16 | 9 | 3 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |24 |
| colspan="9" | Household tenure |
| Own outright
| 27 | style="background:#A3DEFF;" | 37 | 15 | 12 | 4 | 4 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |10 |
| Mortgage
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 38 | 21 | 14 | 14 | 8 | 2 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |17 |
| Private rent
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 40 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 5 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |39 |
| Social rent
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 43 | 12 | 20 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |23 |
| colspan="9" | Ethnic group |
| White
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 33 | 26 | 16 | 13 | 6 | 4 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |7 |
| All ethnic minorities
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 46 | 17 | 3 | 8 | 11 | 1 | 13 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |29 |
| Asian
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 39 | 18 | 3 | 8 | 11 | 1 | 20 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |19 |
| Black
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 68 | 16 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 1 | 1 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |52 |
| Mixed
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 50 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 13 | 3 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |36 |
| colspan="9" |By vote in EU referendum |
| Remain
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 46 | 18 | 3 | 17 | 8 | 5 | 3 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |28 |
| Leave
| 19 | style="background:#A3DEFF;" | 38 | 29 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |9 |
| Did not vote
| style="background:#FFA5A5;" | 40 | 18 | 16 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 4 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |22 |
| colspan="9" | By affiliation of vote in 2019 general election |
| Conservative
| 12 | style="background:#A3DEFF;" | 53 | 24 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 2 | style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |29 |
| Labour
| style="background:#FF7676;" | 71 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 9 | 1 | 5 | style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" |62 |
| Lib. Dems
| 31 | 8 | 3 | style="background:#FEE1A8;" | 49 | 7 | 1 | 1 | style="background:{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}; color:white;" |18 |
Seats changing hands
{{main|List of MPs who lost their seat in the 2024 United Kingdom general election}}
Based on the notional results.{{cite web |title=General election 2024: Results and analysis |url=https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-10009/CBP-10009.pdf |website=House of Commons Library |access-date=5 January 2025 |pages=76–79}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
;Conservative to Labour (182)
- Aldershot
- Altrincham and Sale West
- Amber Valley
- Ashford
- Aylesbury
- Banbury
- Bangor Aberconwy
- Barrow and Furness
- Basingstoke
- Bassetlaw
- Bexleyheath and Crayford
- Birmingham Northfield
- Bishop Auckland
- Blackpool North and Fleetwood
- Blackpool South
- Bolsover
- Bolton North East
- Bolton West
- Bournemouth East
- Bournemouth West
- Bracknell
- Bridgend
- Broxtowe
- Buckingham and Bletchley
- Burnley
- Burton and Uttoxeter
- Bury North
- Bury South
- Bury St Edmunds and Stowmarket
- Calder Valley
- Camborne and Redruth
- Cannock Chase
- Carlisle
- Chatham and Aylesford
- Chelsea and Fulham
- Chipping Barnet
- Cities of London and Westminster
- Clwyd East
- Clwyd North
- Colchester
- Colne Valley
- Congleton
- Corby and East Northamptonshire
- Crawley
- Crewe and Nantwich
- Darlington
- Dartford
- Derby North
- Derbyshire Dales
- Doncaster East and the Isle of Axholme
- Dover and Deal
- Dudley
- Dunstable and Leighton Buzzard
- Earley and Woodley
- East Thanet
- East Worthing and Shoreham
- Eltham and Chislehurst
- Erewash
- Filton and Bradley Stoke
- Finchley and Golders Green
- Folkestone and Hythe
- Forest of Dean
- Gedling
- Gillingham and Rainham
- Gloucester
- Gravesham
- Great Grimsby and Cleethorpes
- Halesowen
- Harlow
- Hastings and Rye
- Hemel Hempstead
- Hendon
- Hertford and Stortford
- Hexham
- High Peak
- Hitchin
- Hyndburn
- Ipswich
- Isle of Wight West
- Kettering
- Kingston upon Hull West and Haltemprice
- Lancaster and Wyre
- Leeds North West
- Leeds South West and Morley
- Leigh and Atherton
- Lichfield
- Lincoln
- Loughborough
- Lowestoft
- Macclesfield
- Mansfield
- Mid and South Pembrokeshire
- Mid Cheshire
- Mid Derbyshire
- Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland
- Milton Keynes Central
- Milton Keynes North
- Monmouthshire
- Montgomeryshire and Glyndŵr
- Morecambe and Lunesdale
- Newcastle-under-Lyme
- Newton Aycliffe and Spennymoor
- North East Derbyshire
- North East Hertfordshire
- North East Somerset and Hanham
- North Northumberland
- North Somerset
- North Warwickshire and Bedworth
- North West Cambridgeshire
- North West Leicestershire
- Northampton North
- Northampton South
- Norwich North
- Nuneaton
- Ossett and Denby Dale
- Pendle and Clitheroe
- Penistone and Stocksbridge
- Penrith and Solway
- Peterborough
- Plymouth Moor View
- Poole
- Portsmouth North
- Reading West and Mid Berkshire
- Redcar
- Redditch
- Ribble Valley
- Rochester and Strood
- Rossendale and Darwen
- Rother Valley
- Rugby
- Rushcliffe
- Scarborough and Whitby
- Scunthorpe
- Selby
- Sherwood Forest
- Shipley
- Shrewsbury
- Sittingbourne and Sheppey
- South Derbyshire
- South Dorset
- South East Cornwall
- South Norfolk
- South Ribble
- South West Norfolk
- Southampton Itchen
- Southend East and Rochford
- Southend West and Leigh
- Southport
- Spen Valley
- St Austell and Newquay
- Stafford
- Stevenage
- Stoke-on-Trent Central
- Stoke-on-Trent North
- Stoke-on-Trent South
- Stourbridge
- Stroud
- Suffolk Coastal
- Swindon North
- Swindon South
{{col-break}}
- Tamworth
- Telford
- Thurrock
- Tipton and Wednesbury
- Truro and Falmouth
- Uxbridge and South Ruislip
- Vale of Glamorgan
- Wakefield and Rothwell
- Walsall and Bloxwich
- Watford
- Wellingborough and Rushden
- Welwyn Hatfield
- West Bromwich
- Weston-super-Mare
- Whitehaven and Workington
- Wolverhampton North East
- Wolverhampton West
- Worcester
- Worthing West
- Wrexham
- Wycombe
- York Outer
;Conservative to Liberal Democrats (60)
- Bicester and Woodstock
- Brecon, Radnor and Cwm Tawe
- Carshalton and Wallington
- Cheadle
- Chelmsford
- Cheltenham
- Chesham and Amersham
- Chichester
- Chippenham
- Didcot and Wantage
- Dorking and Horley
- Eastbourne
- Eastleigh
- Ely and East Cambridgeshire
- Epsom and Ewell
- Esher and Walton
- Frome and East Somerset
- Glastonbury and Somerton
- Guildford
- Harpenden and Berkhamsted
- Harrogate and Knaresborough
- Hazel Grove
- Henley and Thame
- Honiton and Sidmouth
- Horsham
- Lewes
- Maidenhead
- Melksham and Devizes
- Mid Dorset and North Poole
- Mid Sussex
- Newbury
- Newton Abbot
- North Cornwall
- North Devon
- North East Hampshire
- North Norfolk
- North Shropshire
- South Cambridgeshire
- South Cotswolds
- South Devon
- St Ives
- St Neots and Mid Cambridgeshire
- Stratford-on-Avon
- Surrey Heath
- Sutton and Cheam
- Taunton and Wellington
- Tewkesbury
- Thornbury and Yate
- Tiverton and Minehead
- Torbay
- Tunbridge Wells
- Wells and Mendip Hills
- West Dorset
- Westmorland and Lonsdale
- Wimbledon
- Winchester
- Witney
- Woking
- Wokingham
- Yeovil
;SNP to Labour (36)
- Airdrie and Shotts
- Alloa and Grangemouth
- Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock
- Bathgate and Linlithgow
- Central Ayrshire
- Coatbridge and Bellshill
- Cowdenbeath and Kirkcaldy
- Cumbernauld and Kirkintilloch
- Dunfermline and Dollar
- East Kilbride and Strathaven
- East Renfrewshire
- Edinburgh East and Musselburgh
- Edinburgh North and Leith
- Edinburgh South West
- Falkirk
- Glasgow East
- Glasgow North
- Glasgow North East
- Glasgow South
- Glasgow South West
- Glasgow West
- Glenrothes and Mid Fife
- Hamilton and Clyde Valley
- Inverclyde and Renfrewshire West
- Kilmarnock and Loudoun
- Livingston
- Lothian East
- Midlothian
- Motherwell, Wishaw and Carluke
- Na h-Eileanan an Iar
- North Ayrshire and Arran
- Paisley and Renfrewshire North
- Paisley and Renfrewshire South
- Rutherglen
- Stirling and Strathallan
- West Dunbartonshire
;Conservative to Reform UK (5)
;Labour to Independent (5)
;SNP to Liberal Democrats (4)
- Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross
- Inverness, Skye and West Ross-shire
- Mid Dunbartonshire
- North East Fife
;Conservative to Green (2)
;Conservative to Plaid Cymru (2)
;Alliance to Independent (1)
;Conservative to SNP (1)
;DUP to Alliance (1)
;DUP to TUV (1)
;DUP to UUP (1)
;Labour to Conservative (1)
;Labour to Green (1)
{{col-end}}
Aftermath
{{Multiple images
| image1 = Prime Minister Rishi Sunak leaves 10 Downing Street (53836890030).jpg
| caption1 = Sunak giving his final speech as Prime Minister
| image2 = Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer arrives at Number 10 Downing St (53836916571).jpg
| caption2 = Starmer giving his first speech as Prime Minister
| align = right
| direction = vertical
}}
At around 04:45 on 5 July, Sunak conceded defeat to Starmer at the declaration at Sunak's seat of Richmond and Northallerton, before Labour had officially secured a majority.{{Cite news |last=Reid |first=Jenni |date=4 July 2024 |title=UK PM Rishi Sunak concedes defeat with Labour set for landslide election win: Live updates |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2024/07/04/uk-election-2024-result-keir-starmers-labour-to-beat-conservatives.html |access-date=5 July 2024 |work=CNBC}} In his resignation speech later that morning, Sunak apologised to Conservative voters and candidates for the party's defeat, and offered his congratulations to Starmer and expressed hope he would be successful, saying:{{Cite web |date=5 July 2024 |title=Rishi Sunak's final speech as Prime Minister: 5 July 2024 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/rishi-sunaks-final-speech-as-prime-minister-5-july-2024 |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}
{{Blockquote|text=Whilst he has been my political opponent, Sir Keir Starmer will shortly become our Prime Minister. In this job, his successes will be all our successes, and I wish him and his family well. Whatever our disagreements in this campaign, he is a decent, public-spirited man, who I respect. He and his family deserve the very best of our understanding, as they make the huge transition to their new lives behind this door, and as he grapples with this most demanding of jobs in an increasingly unstable world.}}Starmer succeeded Sunak as prime minister, ending 14 years of the Conservatives in government. In his first speech as prime minister, Starmer paid tribute to Sunak, saying "His achievement as the first British Asian Prime Minister of our country should not be underestimated by anyone", and recognised "the dedication and hard work he brought to his leadership" but said that the people of Britain had voted for change:{{Cite web |date=5 July 2024 |title=Keir Starmer's first speech as Prime Minister: 5 July 2024 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/keir-starmers-first-speech-as-prime-minister-5-july-2024 |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=Starmer |first=Keir |date=2024-07-05 |title=Read Keir Starmer's first speech as Prime Minister outside Downing Street in full |url=https://labourlist.org/2024/07/labour-general-election-results-starmer-full-speech-downing-street/ |access-date=2024-07-11 |website=LabourList |language=en-GB}}
{{Blockquote|text=From now on, you have a government unburdened by doctrine guided only by the determination to serve your interest, to defy, quietly, those who have written our country off. You have given us a clear mandate, and we will use it to deliver change. To restore service and respect to politics, end the era of noisy performance, tread more lightly on your lives and unite our country. Four nations standing together again, facing down as we have so often in our past, the challenges of an insecure world committed to a calm and patient rebuilding. So with respect and humility, I invite you all to join this government of service in the mission of national renewal. Our work is urgent, and we begin it today.}}
See also
{{Portal|Politics|England|Northern Ireland|Scotland|Wales|||United Kingdom
}}
- 2020s in United Kingdom political history
- 2024 in politics
- 2024 United Kingdom general election in England
- 2024 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland
- 2024 United Kingdom general election in Scotland
- 2024 United Kingdom general election in Wales
- Elections in the United Kingdom
- List of United Kingdom general elections
- List of marginal seats before the 2024 United Kingdom general election
Notes
{{Notelist}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- {{Cite news |title=Britain's general election was its least representative ever |date=2024-07-11 |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2024/07/11/britains-general-election-was-its-least-representative-ever |access-date=2024-08-29 |newspaper=The Economist |url-access=subscription}}
- {{Cite news |last=Landler |first=Mark |date=2024-08-29 |title=How the Tories Lost Britain |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/29/magazine/uk-politics-tories-conservatives.html |access-date=2024-08-29 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |url-access=subscription}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
= Great Britain manifestos =
- [https://assets.nationbuilder.com/albaparty/pages/4130/attachments/original/1719345505/ALBA_Party_Manifesto_-_Election_2024.pdf?1719345505 Alba Party]
- [https://public.conservatives.com/static/documents/GE2024/Conservative-Manifesto-GE2024.pdf Conservative Party]
- [https://greenparty.org.uk/app/uploads/2024/06/Green-Party-2024-General-Election-Manifesto-Long-version-with-cover.pdf Green Party of England & Wales]
- [https://labour.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Labour-Party-manifesto-2024.pdf Labour Party]
- [https://www.libdems.org.uk/fileadmin/groups/2_Federal_Party/Documents/PolicyPapers/Manifesto_2024/For_a_Fair_Deal_-_Liberal_Democrat_Manifesto_2024.pdf Liberal Democrats]
- Plaid Cymru [https://assets.nationbuilder.com/plaid2016/pages/10962/attachments/original/1718214059/Plaid_Cymru_Maniffesto_2024_ENGLISH.pdf?1718214059 English] [https://assets.nationbuilder.com/plaid2016/pages/11001/attachments/original/1718214453/Plaid_Cymru_Maniffesto_2024_CYMRAEG.pdf?1718214453 Welsh]
- [https://assets.nationbuilder.com/reformuk/pages/253/attachments/original/1718625371/Reform_UK_Our_Contract_with_You.pdf Reform UK]
- [https://greens.scot/sites/default/files/SGP-Westminster-Manifesto-2024-web.pdf Scottish Greens]
- [https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/www.snp.org/uploads/2024/06/2024-06-17-SNP-UK-Election-Manifesto-2024.pdf Scottish National Party]
- [https://sdp.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/SDP_Manifesto_2024.pdf Social Democratic Party]
- [https://workerspartybritain.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/01_Manifesto_FINAL_mar.pdf Workers Party]
= Northern Ireland manifestos =
- [https://assets.nationbuilder.com/allianceparty/pages/11234/attachments/original/1718832706/2024WestminsterManifesto.pdf?1718832706 Alliance Party]
- [https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/my-dup/2024-Manifesto-Final.pdf Democratic Unionist Party]
- [https://assets.nationbuilder.com/gpni/pages/340/attachments/original/1719575174/GPNI_Westminster_manifesto_2024-compressed.pdf?1719575174 Green Party Northern Ireland]
- [https://www.pbp.ie/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/PBP-WE2024-Manifesto.pdf People Before Profit]
- [https://vote.sinnfein.ie/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Sinn-Fein-Westminster-Election-Manifesto-2024.pdf Sinn Féin]
- [https://assets.nationbuilder.com/sdlp/pages/753/attachments/original/1719422488/SDLP_Manifesto_2024.pdf Social Democratic and Labour Party]
- [https://assets.nationbuilder.com/uup/pages/40/attachments/original/1719233594/General_Election_Manifesto_2024-compressed.pdf Ulster Unionist Party]
- [https://tuv.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Proof2.pdf Traditional Unionist Voice]
{{2024 United Kingdom general election|state=expanded}}
{{United Kingdom elections}}
{{Rishi Sunak}}
{{Keir Starmer}}
{{Ed Davey}}
{{Nigel Farage}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:General elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom