Agimi
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Agimi (the Dawn) was an Albanian literary society founded in Shkodër, Ottoman Empire in 1901.
Agimi was founded on 15 July 1901, in Shkodër (today's Albania) with the initiative of Catholic clerics Lazër Mjeda and Ndre Mjeda (brothers).{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wPOtzk-unJgC&dq=agimi+society&pg=PA89| page=89| title=The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874-1913| author=George Gawrych| isbn=978-1845112875 | year=2006| publisher=I. B. Tauris| series=Library of Ottoman Studies| volume=10}}{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_YsfAQAAMAAJ&q=agimi+society| title=An Outline of Albanian Literature| page=36|author=Koço Bihiku| year=1966| publisher=Naim Frashëri State Pub. House| oclc=701994| quote=In collaboration with his brother he founded in 1901 the «Agimi» («The Dawn») cultural society in Shkodra. Its members elaborated an alphabet basing each distinct sound on a separate character, and published textbooks for schools. }} Other member would be writers and publicists Anton Xanoni,{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TnUtAQAAIAAJ&q=agimi+society| author = Peter Prifti| page=138|title=Land of Albanians: a crossroad of pain and pride| publisher=Horizont| year=2002| isbn = 9789992774366|oclc=52631278}} and Mati Logoreci.{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sq1iAAAAMAAJ&q=agimi+society| title=Studime filologjike| quote=Kur N. Mjeda themeloi shoqërinë «Agimi» dhe hartoi alfabetin e saj, kishte përkrah edhe M. Logorecin.|year=1984|volume=38| publisher=Akademia e Shkencave e RPSSH, Instituti i Gjuhësisë dje i Letërsisë| page=120| author= Instituti i Gjuhësisë dhe i Letërsisë (Akademia e Shkencave e RPSH); Universiteti Shtetëror i Tiranës. Instituti i Historisë dhe i Gjuhësisë|issn=0563-5780| oclc=2268583}} It aimed at stimulating the use of Albanian language in literature, in particular by means of a new alphabet.
The Mjeda brothers were initially members of the literary society Bashkimi. They moved own with their own society due to divergences on the future standard Albanian alphabet. Bashkimi had generated its own script, known as Bashkimi Alphabet which was based on pure Latin script.{{citation| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9_gXTda0HS8C&dq=bashkimi&pg=PA2| author=Xhevat Lloshi| page=71| title=Rreth alfabetit të shqipes: me rastin e 100-vjetorit të Kongresit të Manastirit| publisher=Logos-A| year=2008| isbn=9789989582684| oclc=494310096| quote=Alfabeti i Bashkimit, dmth alfabeti latin i paster}} Ndre Mjeda advocated for a more complex alphabet based on the Croatian model{{citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3LJiAAAAMAAJ&q=agimi+society| page=17|title=An Albanian Historical Grammar| author=Suart E. Mann| publisher=Buske| year=1977| quote=A rival alphabet based on Croat characters was propagated for a time by the Dawn Society (Agimi)...|location=Hamburg| isbn=9783871182624| oclc=466999128}} with the used of diacritic letters, such as ž or č, in order to generate a distinct letter for each distinct sound. This would be known as Agimi alphabet.
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| align="right"| Current alphabet: | A a | B b | C c | Ç ç | D d | Dh dh | E e | Ë ë | F f | G g | Gj gj | H h | I i | J j | K k | L l | Ll ll | M m | N n | Nj nj | O o | P p | Q q | R r | Rr rr | S s | Sh sh | T t | Th th | U u | V v | X x | Xh xh | Y y | Z z | Zh zh | |||
| align="right"|Agimi alphabet (reordered): | A a | B b | C c | Č č | D d | Đ đ | E e | Ə ə | F f | G g | Ǵ ǵ | H h | I i | J j | K k | L l | Ł ł | M m | N n | Ń ń | O o | P p | Ḱ ḱ | R r | R̃ r̃ | S s | Š š | T t | Þ þ | U u | V v | Dz dz | Dž dž | Y y | Z z | Ž ž | Q q* | W w* | X x* |
(*only in foreign words)
Sample text in the Agimi alphabet:
Kelit i fali lala ńi mołə tə bukurə. Sá škoj nə špiə i þa Linəsə, sə moterəsə. „Ḱyr sá e bukurə âšt kəjo mołə! Eja e t’ a dájmə baškə.“ „Me kênə mã e mađe, i þa e motəra, kišimə me e daə baškə; por mbassi âšt aḱ e vogelə, haje vetə.“ „Ani ča? þa Keli, t’ a hámə baškə, se mə vjen mã e mirə.“
Kəndime pər škołə tə para tə Šḱypəniəsə: Pjesa e parə, at [https://bibliotekadigjitale.bksh.al/?view=ImageView&manifest=https%3A%2F%2Fbibliotekadigjitale.bksh.al%2Fiiif%2FManifester%2FIIIF%2Flibra112%21HASH01b8.dir&canvas=https%3A%2F%2Fbibliotekadigjitale.bksh.al%2Fiiif%2FManifester%2FIIIF%2Flibra112%21HASH01b8.dir%21page104%2Fcanvas%2Fp104 Albanian National Library], f. 100.
Agimi alphabet was presented in 1902 at the International Congress of Orientalists, which was held in Hamburg, German Empire. It received a favorable reception by the Austro-Hungarian and German scholars. In 1908, it was one of the three candidate alphabets presented at the Albanian Congress of Monastir (in today's Bitola). The society was represented by Ndre Mjeda and Mati Logoreci. Based on Congress delegate's votes it lost to Gjergj Fishta's Bashkimi alphabet and ranked third, so it wasn't adopted.{{citation| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4kYAAAAIAAJ&q=agimi+society| page=269| title=Reader's encyclopedia of Eastern European literature| author=Robert B. Pynsent, Sonia I. Kanikova| publisher=HarperCollins|year=1993| location=NY| isbn=9780062700070| oclc=27430936}}
The society members published many works during their active lifespan, some of them in the new alphabet. Such were Logoreci's work Dašamiri (The Patron), published in Trieste, 1907.{{citation|author=Robert Elsie| quote=...he began publication of the short-lived fortnightly newspaper Dašamiri (The Patron), which he had printed in Trieste in the so called Agimi Alphabet.|edition=2| year=2010| volume=75|series=Historical Dictionaries of Europe| publisher=Scarecrow Press, Inc| isbn=978-0-8108-6188-6 | page=281 | title=Historical Dictionary of Albania}} Ndre Mjeda and Anton Xanoni also published a number of readers for Albanian schools.