Arcade video game#Technology
{{Short description|Coin-operated entertainment machine genre}}
{{Distinguish|Casino game}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
File:Arcade-20071020-a.jpg in 2007]]
{{Video Games}}
An arcade video game is an arcade game that takes player input from its controls, processes it through electrical or computerized components, and displays output to an electronic monitor or similar display. All arcade video games are coin-operated or accept other means of payment, housed in an arcade cabinet, and located in amusement arcades alongside other kinds of arcade games. Until the early 2000s, arcade video games were the largest and most technologically advanced segment of the video game industry.
Early prototypical entries Galaxy Game and Computer Space in 1971 established the principle operations for arcade games, and Atari's Pong in 1972 is recognized as the first successful commercial arcade video game. Improvements in computer technology and gameplay design led to a golden age of arcade video games, the exact dates of which are debated but range from the late 1970s to the early 1980s. This golden age includes Space Invaders, Pac-Man, and Donkey Kong. The arcade industry had a resurgence from the early 1990s to mid-2000s, including Street Fighter II, Mortal Kombat, and Dance Dance Revolution, but ultimately declined in the Western world as competing home video game consoles such as the Sony PlayStation and Microsoft Xbox increased in their graphics and gameplay capability and decreased in cost. Nevertheless, Japan, China, and South Korea retain a strong arcade industry in the present day.{{Cite web|url=https://venturebeat.com/2016/12/06/even-in-decline-japans-arcades-are-critically-important-to-japanese-game-makers/|title=Why Japan's arcades are its game industry's cutting-edge labs|date=2016-12-06|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-16|archive-date=9 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209092438/https://venturebeat.com/2016/12/06/even-in-decline-japans-arcades-are-critically-important-to-japanese-game-makers/|url-status=live}}
History
{{Main|History of arcade video games}}
{{See also|History of arcade games}}
File:Signed_Pong_Cabinet.jpg is the first commercially successful arcade video game.]]
Games of skill were popular amusement-park midway attractions from the 19th century on. With the introduction of electricity and coin-operated machines, they facilitated a viable business. When pinball machines with electric lights and displays were introduced in 1933 (but without the user-controller flippers which would not be invented until 1947) these machines were seen as games of luck. Numerous states and cities treated them as amoral playthings for rebellious young people, and banned them into the 1960s and 1970s.{{Cite book|title=Coin-Operated Americans: Rebooting Boyhood at the Video Game Arcade|last= Kocurek|first= Carly|year= 2015|isbn=9780816691821|pages=91|publisher= University of Minnesota Press}}
Electro-mechanical games (EM games) appeared in arcades in the mid-20th century. Following Sega's EM game Periscope (1966), the arcade industry experienced a "technological renaissance" driven by "audio-visual" EM novelty games, establishing the arcades as a suitable environment for the introduction of commercial video games in the early 1970s.{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Alexander |title=They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971-1982 |date=19 November 2019 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-0-429-75261-2 |pages=119–20, 188–91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cxy_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT119 |access-date=21 May 2021 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222408/https://books.google.com/books?id=Cxy_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT119 |url-status=live }} In the late 1960s, college student Nolan Bushnell had a part-time job at an arcade where he became familiar with EM games such as Chicago Coin's racing game Speedway (1969), watching customers play and helping to maintain the machinery, while learning the game business.{{cite magazine |title=The Great Videogame Swindle? |magazine=Next Generation |issue=23 |publisher=Imagine Media |date= November 1996 |pages=211–229 |url= https://archive.org/details/NextGeneration23Nov1996P2/page/n72}}
The early mainframe game Spacewar! (1962) inspired the first commercial arcade video game, Computer Space (1971), created by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney and released by Nutting Associates.{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/2013/1/16/3740422/the-life-and-death-of-the-american-arcade-for-amusement-only | title = For Amusement Only: the life and death of the American arcade | first = Laura | last = June | date = January 16, 2013 | access-date = August 13, 2020 | work = The Verge | archive-date = 6 October 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141006081005/http://www.theverge.com/2013/1/16/3740422/the-life-and-death-of-the-american-arcade-for-amusement-only | url-status = live }} It was demonstrated at the Amusement & Music Operators Association (AMOA) show in October 1971.{{cite book |title=They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry |volume=1: 1971 – 1982 |last=Smith |first=Alexander |publisher=CRC Press |date= November 27, 2019 |isbn=978-1-138-38990-8 |pages=129–135}} Another Spacewar-inspired coin-operated video game, Galaxy Game, was demonstrated at Stanford University in November 1971. Bushnell and Dabney followed their Computer Space success to create - with the help of Allan Alcorn - a table-tennis game, Pong, released in 1972. Pong became a commercial success, leading numerous other coin-op manufacturers to enter the market.
{{Main|Golden age of arcade video games}}
The video game industry transitioned from discrete integrated circuitry to programmable microprocessors in the mid-1970s, starting with Gun Fight in 1975. The arcade industry entered a "Golden Age" in 1978 with the release of Taito's Space Invaders, which introduced many novel gameplay features - including a scoreboard. From 1978 to 1982, several other major arcade-games from Namco, Atari, Williams Electronics, Stern Electronics, and Nintendo were all considered blockbusters, particularly Namco's Pac-Man (1980), which became a fixture in popular culture. Across North America and Japan, dedicated video-game arcades appeared and arcade-game cabinets appeared in many smaller storefronts. By 1981, the arcade video-game industry was worth {{USD|8 billion}} in the US.{{cite news |title= Can Lasers Save Video Arcades? |url= http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB29715971BCAA2&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |newspaper= The Philadelphia Inquirer |date= 3 February 1984 |quote= Last year, arcade game revenues were approximately $5 billion, compared to $8 billion in 1981 and $7 billion in 1982. |access-date= 17 April 2012 |archive-date= 14 May 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130514005512/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB29715971BCAA2&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |url-status= live }}
The novelty of arcade games waned sharply after 1982 due to several factors, including market saturation of arcades and arcade games, a moral panic over video games (similar to fears raised over pinball machines in the decades prior), and the 1983 video game crash as the home-console market impacted arcades. The arcade market had recovered by 1986, with the help of software-conversion kits, the arrival of popular beat 'em up games (such as Kung-Fu Master (1984) and Renegade (1986-1987)), and advanced motion simulator games (such as Sega's "taikan" games including Hang-On (1985), Space Harrier (1985), and Out Run (1986)). However, the growth of home video-game systems such as the Nintendo Entertainment System led to another brief arcade decline toward the end of the 1980s.{{cite web |title=Coin-Op history – 1975 to 1997 – from the pages of RePlay |url= http://replaymag.com/history.htm |website=RePlay |year=1998 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/19980428063132/http://replaymag.com/history.htm |archive-date= 28 April 1998 |access-date=April 21, 2021 }}
Arcade games continued to improve with the development of technology and of gameplay. In the early 1990s, the release of Capcom's Street Fighter II established the modern style of fighting games and led to a number of similar games such as Mortal Kombat, Fatal Fury, Killer Instinct, Virtua Fighter, and Tekken, creating a new renaissance in the arcades.{{cite book |title=Gamers: writers, artists & programmers on the pleasures of pixels| first= Shanna | last= Compton|publisher= Soft Skull Press|year= 2004|isbn= 1-932360-57-3|page= 119|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=-sCO-gODwy4C&pg=PA119}}{{cite web |title=Insert Coin Here: Getting a Fighting Chance|first=Jay | last=Carter|magazine=Electronic Games|date=July 1993|issue=10|url= https://archive.org/stream/Electronic-Games-1993-07/Electronic%20Games%201993-07#page/n15/mode/2up}} Another factor was realism,{{cite magazine |last1= Perry |first1= Dave |author1-link=Dave Perry |title=Arcades: Ready for a Renaissance? |magazine= Games World |date= November 1994 |issue=7 (January 1995) |publisher=Paragon Publishing |page= 6 |url=https://archive.org/details/games-world-07/page/n5}} including the "3D Revolution" from 2D and pseudo-3D graphics to "true" real-time 3D polygon graphics.{{cite book |last1=Williams |first1=Andrew |title=History of Digital Games: Developments in Art, Design and Interaction |date=16 March 2017 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn= 978-1-317-50381-1 |pages=143–6, 152–4}}{{cite web | last = Spencer | first = Spanner | url = http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/a_taoofbeatemups_pt2_retro | title = The Tao of Beat-'em-ups (part 2) | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110715094144/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/a_taoofbeatemups_pt2_retro | archive-date= July 15, 2011 | work = Eurogamer | date = February 12, 2008 | access-date = March 18, 2009}} This was largely driven by a technological arms-race between Sega and Namco.{{cite magazine |last1=Thorpe |first1=Nick |title=The 90s: The Decade of Rivalries |magazine=Retro Gamer |date=March 2014 |issue=127 |pages=32–5 |url= https://archive.org/details/retro_gamer/RetroGamer_127/page/34/mode/2up}} During the early 1990s games such as Sega's Virtua Racing and Virtua Fighter popularized 3D-polygon technology in arcades. 3D graphics later became popular in console and computer games by the mid-1990s,{{cite web|title= Virtua Racing – Arcade (1992) |url=http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/video/15influential/p13_01.html |work=15 Most Influential Games of All Time |publisher=GameSpot |date=14 March 2001|url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111213013602/http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/video/15influential/p13_01.html |archive-date=13 December 2011}} though arcade systems such as the Sega Model 3 remained considerably more advanced than home systems in the late 1990s.{{cite magazine|title=News: Virtua Fighter 3|magazine=Computer and Video Games|date=May 1996| issue=174|pages=10–1}}{{cite web |url=http://www.thg.ru/smoke/19991022/print.html |title=Second Hand Smoke – One up, two down |publisher=Tom's Hardware Guide |date=October 22, 1999 |access-date=2018-01-08 |archive-date=22 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222220103/http://www.thg.ru/smoke/19991022/print.html |url-status=live }} Until about 1996, arcade video-games had remained the largest segment of the global video-game industry. Arcades declined in the late 1990s, surpassed by the console market for the first time around 1997–1998.{{cite web | url = https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-23/peak-video-game-top-analyst-sees-industry-slumping-in-2019 | title = Peak Video Game? Top Analyst Sees Industry Slumping in 2019 | first = Yuki | last = Naramura | date = January 23, 2019 | access-date = January 29, 2019 | work = Bloomberg L.P. | url-access = subscription | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190130053850/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-23/peak-video-game-top-analyst-sees-industry-slumping-in-2019 | archive-date = 30 January 2019 | url-status = live }}
Since the 2000s, arcade games have taken different routes globally. In the United States, arcades have become niche markets as they compete with the home-console market, and they have adapted other business models, such as providing other entertainment options or adding prize redemptions.{{cite web |last= Fuller|first= Brad|title= Awakening the Arcade|url= http://blogs.oreilly.com/digitalmedia/2005/11/awakening-the-arcade.html |access-date=21 September 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111003012240/http://blogs.oreilly.com/digitalmedia/2005/11/awakening-the-arcade.html |archive-date= 3 October 2011 |url-status= dead}} In Japan, where arcades continue to flourish, games like Dance Dance Revolution and The House of the Dead aim to deliver tailored experiences that players cannot easily have at home.{{Cite web|url= https://kotaku.com/why-arcades-havent-died-in-japan-1792338461|title= Why Arcades Haven't Died in Japan|last= Ashcraft|first= Brian|website= Kotaku|date= 15 February 2017|language= en-US|access-date= 2022-07-25|quote= What has remained constant is that Japanese arcades have always aimed to offer experiences that players could not get at home. This is a constant throughout Japanese arcade history.|archive-date= 22 April 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190422182306/https://kotaku.com/why-arcades-havent-died-in-japan-1792338461|url-status= live}}
Technology
{{more citations needed|section|date=August 2021}}
{{See also|Arcade cabinet|List of Sega arcade system boards|Sprite (computer graphics)}}
File:Neogeoguts.JPG arcade cabinet]]
Virtually all modern arcade games (other than the very traditional fair midway) make extensive use of solid state electronics, integrated circuits, and monitor screens, all installed inside an arcade cabinet.
With the exception of Galaxy Game and Computer Space, which were built around small form-factor mainframe computers, the first arcade games are based on combinations of multiple discrete logic chips, such as transistor–transistor logic (TTL) chips. Designing an arcade game was more about the combination of these TTL chips and other electronic components to achieve the desired effect on screen. More complex gameplay required significantly more TTL components to achieve this result. By the mid-1970s, the first inexpensive programmable microprocessors had arrived on the market. The first microprocessor-based video game is Midway's Gun Fight in 1975 (a conversion of Taito's Western Gun), and with the advent of Space Invaders and the golden era, microprocessor-based games became typical.{{cite book|first=Steven L.|last=Kent|title=The Ultimate History of Video Games: Volume Two: from Pong to Pokemon and beyond...the story behind the craze that touched our lives and changed the world|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PTrcTeAqeaEC&pg=PT762|date=16 June 2010|publisher=Crown/Archetype|isbn=978-0-307-56087-2|access-date=26 May 2021|archive-date=17 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222410/https://books.google.com/books?id=PTrcTeAqeaEC&pg=PT762|url-status=live}}{{rp|64}} Early arcade games were also designed around raster graphics displayed on a cathode-ray tube (CRT) display. Many games of the late 1970s and early 1980s use special displays that rendered vector graphics, though these waned by the mid-1980s as display technology on CRTs improved.{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XiM0ntMybNwC&q=top+gunner%2C+last+vector+based+arcade+game&pg=PA71 |title=The video game explosion: a history ... - Mark J. P. Wolf - Google Books |isbn=9780313338687 |access-date=2011-11-22 |last1=Wolf |first1=Mark J. P. |year=2008 |publisher=Abc-Clio |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222410/https://books.google.com/books?id=XiM0ntMybNwC&q=top+gunner%2C+last+vector+based+arcade+game&pg=PA71 |url-status=live }} Prior to the availability of color CRT or vector displays, some arcade cabinets have a combination of angled monitor positioning, one-way mirrors, and clear overlays to simulate colors and other graphics onto the gameplay field.{{cite journal | title = Beyond the Bezel: Coin-Op Arcade Video Game Cabinets as Design History | first= Raiford | last = Gains | journal = Journal of Design History | volume =28| issue =4 | date = November 2015 | pages= epv036 | doi = 10.1093/jdh/epv036 }}
Coin-operated arcade video games from the 1990s to the 2000s generally use custom hardware often with multiple CPUs, highly specialized sound and graphics chips, and the latest in expensive computer graphics display technology. This allows more complex graphics and sound than contemporary video game consoles or personal computers. Many arcade games since the 2000s run on modified video game console hardware (such as the Sega NAOMI or Triforce) or gaming PC components (such as the Taito Type X). Many arcade games have more immersive and realistic game controls than PC or console games. This includes specialized ambiance or control accessories such as fully enclosed dynamic cabinets with force feedback controls, dedicated lightguns, rear-projection displays, reproductions of automobile or airplane cockpits, motorcycle or horse-shaped controllers, or highly dedicated controllers such as dancing mats and fishing rods. These accessories are usually too bulky, expensive, and specialized to be used with typical home PCs and consoles. Arcade makers experiment with virtual reality technology. Arcades have progressed from using coins as credits to smart cards that hold the virtual currency of credits.
Modern arcade cabinets use flat panel displays instead of cathode-ray tubes. Internet services such as ALL.Net, NESiCAxLive, e-Amusement and NESYS, allow the cabinets to download updates or new games, do online multiplayer gameplay, save progress, unlock content, or earn credits.
Genres
File:Sega Rally.jpg arcade racing games at the Veljekset Keskinen department store in Tuuri, Alavus, Finland in 2017]]
Many arcade games have short levels, simple and intuitive control schemes, and rapidly increasing difficulty. The classic formula for a successful arcade video game is "easy to learn, difficult to master"{{cite magazine |last1=Kunkel |first1=Bill |author1-link=Bill Kunkel (journalist) |title=Insert Coin Here: Jungle King |magazine=Electronic Games |date=February 1983 |volume=1 |issue=12 |page=62 |url=https://archive.org/details/Electronic_Games_Volume_01_Number_12_1983-02_Reese_Communications_US/page/n61}} along with a "multiple life, progressively difficult level" paradigm.{{cite book |last1=Hague |first1=James |chapter=Eugene Jarvis |title=Halcyon Days: Interviews with Classic Computer and Video Game Programmers |title-link=Halcyon Days (book) |date=1997 |publisher=Dadgum Games |chapter-url=https://dadgum.com/halcyon/BOOK/JARVIS.HTM |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020622145031/http://dadgum.com/halcyon/BOOK/JARVIS.HTM |archive-date=22 June 2002 |access-date=18 May 2021 }} This is due to the environment of the arcade, where the player is essentially renting the game for as long as their in-game avatar can stay alive or until they run out of tokens. Games on consoles or PCs can be referred to as "arcade games" if they share these qualities, or are direct ports of arcade games.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}
Arcade racing games often have sophisticated motion simulator arcade cabinets,{{cite news |title=Sega's Wonderful Simulation Games Over The Years |url=https://arcadeheroes.com/2013/06/06/segas-wonderful-simulation-games-over-the-years/ |access-date=22 April 2021 |work=Arcade Heroes |date=6 June 2013 |archive-date=2 October 2021 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211002141051/https://arcadeheroes.com/2013/06/06/segas-wonderful-simulation-games-over-the-years/ |url-status=live }}{{cite book |last1=Horowitz |first1=Ken |title=The Sega Arcade Revolution: A History in 62 Games |date=6 July 2018 |publisher=McFarland & Company |isbn=978-1-4766-3196-7 |pages=96–9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7qZhDwAAQBAJ |access-date=30 April 2021 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222411/https://books.google.com/books?id=7qZhDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }} a simplified physics engine, and short learning time when compared with more realistic racing simulations. Cars can turn sharply without braking or understeer, and the AI rivals are sometimes programmed so they are always near the player with a rubberband effect. Other types of arcade-style games include music games (particularly rhythm games), and mobile and casual games with intuitive controls and short sessions.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}
=Action=
The term "arcade game" can refer to an action video game designed to play similarly to an arcade game with frantic, addictive gameplay.{{cite web|title=Genre Definitions|url=http://www.mobygames.com/glossary/genres|publisher=Mobygames|access-date=7 October 2014|archive-date=12 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712151646/http://www.mobygames.com/glossary/genres|url-status=live}} The focus of arcade action games is on the user's reflexes, and many feature very little puzzle-solving, complex thinking, or strategy skills.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} These include fighting games often played with an arcade controller, beat 'em up games including fast-paced hack and slash games, and light gun rail shooters and "bullet hell" shooters with intuitive controls and rapidly increasing difficulty.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}
Many arcade combat flight simulation games have sophisticated hydraulic motion simulator cabinets, and simplified physics and handling. Arcade flight games are meant to have an easy learning curve, in order to preserve their action component. Increasing numbers of console flight video games, such as Crimson Skies, Ace Combat, and Secret Weapons Over Normandy indicate the falling of manual-heavy flight sim popularity in favor of instant arcade flight action.{{cite web|last=Butts | first=Steve |year=2003 |title=Secret Weapon Over Normandy Review |url=http://ps2.ign.com/articles/441/441056p1.html |work=IGN|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070214100501/http://ps2.ign.com/articles/441/441056p1.html |archive-date=14 February 2007 }}
A modern subgenre of action games called "hack and slash" or "character action games" represent an evolution of traditional arcade action games, and are sometimes considered a subgenre of beat 'em up brawlers. This subgenre of games was largely defined by Hideki Kamiya, creator of the Devil May Cry and Bayonetta franchises.{{cite news |last1=Hovermale |first1=Chris |title=How Devil May Cry's arcade inspirations shaped character action games |url=https://www.destructoid.com/stories/how-devil-may-cry-s-arcade-inspirations-shaped-character-action-games-545783.phtml |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210518055447/https://www.destructoid.com/stories/how-devil-may-cry-s-arcade-inspirations-shaped-character-action-games-545783.phtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 May 2021 |access-date=30 April 2021 |work=Destructoid |date=2019-03-10 }}
Industry
Arcade games are found in restaurants, bowling alleys, college campuses, video rental shops, dormitories, laundromats, movie theaters, supermarkets, shopping malls, airports, and other retail environments. They are popular in public places where people are likely to have free time.Tricks of the Podcasting Masters p. 38
Their profitability is expanded by the popularity of conversions of arcade games for home-based platforms. In 1997, WMS Industries (parent company of Midway Games) reported that if more than 5,000 arcade units are sold, at least 100,000 home version units will be sold.{{cite magazine |first=Marcus |last=Webb |title=WMS Report Offers Revealing Look at Factory |magazine=Next Generation|issue=37|publisher=Imagine Media |date=January 1998 |page=34}}
The American Amusement Machine Association (AAMA) is a trade association established in 1981{{cite web|url=http://www.gamingregulation.com/association/united-states/american-amusement-machine-association/|title=American Amusement Machine Association|website=www.gamingregulation.com|access-date=2017-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925230625/http://www.gamingregulation.com/association/united-states/american-amusement-machine-association/|archive-date=25 September 2017|url-status=dead}} that represents the American coin-operated amusement machine industry,{{cite web |url=http://coin-op.org/about/mission/ |title=AAMA mission statement |publisher=AAMA |date=2016 |access-date=25 January 2017 |archive-date=2 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202045615/http://coin-op.org/about/mission/ |url-status=live }} including 120 arcade game distributors and manufacturers.{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/23/technology/care-for-a-latte-with-that-mr-nukem.html |title=Care for a Latte With That, Mr. Nukem? |last=Kushner |first=David |date=1999-09-23 |work=The New York Times |access-date=2017-12-10 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=5 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305002651/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/23/technology/care-for-a-latte-with-that-mr-nukem.html |url-status=live }} The Japan Amusement Machine and Marketing Association (JAMMA) represents the Japanese arcade industry. Arcade machines may have standardized connectors or interfaces such as JAMMA, or JVS, that help with quick replacement of game systems or boards in arcade cabinets. The game boards or arcade boards may themselves allow for games to be replaced via game cartridges or discs.
Conversions, emulators, and recreations
Prior to the 2000s, successful video games were often converted to a home video game console or home computer. Many of the initial Atari VCS games, for example, were conversions of Atari's success arcade games. Arcade game manufacturers that were not in the home console or computer business found licensing of their games to console manufacturers to be a successful business model, as console manufacturer competitors would vie for rights to more popular games. Coleco famously bested Atari to secure the rights to convert Nintendo's Donkey Kong, which it subsequently included as a pack-in game for the ColecoVision to challenge the VCS.{{cite web | url = https://www.nintendolife.com/news/2010/09/feature_how_colecovision_became_the_king_of_kong | title = Feature: How ColecoVision Became the King of Kong | first = Damien | last = McFerran | date = September 18, 2010 | access-date = April 13, 2021 | work = Nintendo Life | archive-date = 6 January 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120106181833/http://retro.nintendolife.com/news/2010/09/feature_how_colecovision_became_the_king_of_kong | url-status = live }}
Arcade conversions typically had to make concessions for the lower computational power and capabilities of the home console, such as limited graphics or alterations in gameplay. Such conversions had mixed results. The Atari VCS conversion of Space Invaders was considered the VCS's killer application, helping to quadruple the VCS sales in 1980.{{Cite magazine|date=September 2007|title=The Definitive Space Invaders|url=https://archive.org/stream/retro_gamer/RetroGamer_041#page/24/mode/2up|magazine=Retro Gamer|publisher=Imagine Publishing|issue=41|pages=24–33}} In contrast, the VCS conversion of Pac-Man in 1982 was highly criticized for technical flaws due to VCS limitations such as flickering ghosts and simplified gameplay. Though Pac-Man was the best-selling game on the VCS, it eroded consumer confidence in Atari's games and partially contributed to the 1983 crash.{{cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/3551/a_history_of_gaming_platforms_.php?page=5|title=A History of Gaming Platforms: Atari 2600 Video Computer System/VCS|last1=Barton|first1=Matt|last2=Loguidice|first2=Bill|date=February 28, 2008|website=Gamasutra|page=5|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224184727/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/3551/a_history_of_gaming_platforms_.php?page=5|archive-date=December 24, 2018|url-status=dead|access-date=July 15, 2009}}
The need for arcade conversions began to wane as arcade game manufacturers like Nintendo, Sega, and SNK entered the home console market and used similar technology within their home consoles as found at the arcade, negating the need to simplify the game. Concessions still may be made for a home release; notably, the Super Nintendo Entertainment System conversion of Mortal Kombat removed much of the gore from the arcade version to meet Nintendo's quality control standards.{{cite web |url=http://archive.gamespy.com/articles/june03/dumbestmoments/readers/index4.shtml |title=Gamespy's The 25 Dumbest Moments in Gaming |publisher=Archive.gamespy.com |access-date=2012-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040818132132/http://archive.gamespy.com/articles/june03/dumbestmoments/readers/index4.shtml |archive-date=2004-08-18 |url-status=live }}
{{Main|List of video game emulators#Arcade}}
Exact copies of arcade video games can be run through emulators such as MAME on modern devices. An emulator is an application that translates foreign software onto a modern system, in real-time. Emulated games appeared legally and commercially on the Macintosh in 1994{{cite web|url=http://www.mobygames.com/game/macintosh/joust|title=Joust for Macintosh (1994) – MobyGames|website=MobyGames|access-date=2017-12-10|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201033650/http://www.mobygames.com/game/macintosh/joust|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.mobygames.com/company/digital-eclipse-software-inc|title=Digital Eclipse Software, Inc. – MobyGames|website=MobyGames|access-date=2017-12-10|archive-date=26 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226002505/http://www.mobygames.com/company/digital-eclipse-software-inc|url-status=live}} with Williams floppy disks, Sony PlayStation in 1996, and Sega Saturn in 1997 with CD-ROM compilations such as Williams Arcade's Greatest Hits and Arcade's Greatest Hits: The Atari Collection 1, and on the PlayStation 2 and GameCube with DVD-ROM compilations such as Midway Arcade Treasures.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} Arcade games are downloaded and emulated through the Nintendo Wii Virtual Console service starting in 2009.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}
Using emulation, companies like Arcade1Up have produced at-scale or reduced-scale recreations of arcade cabinets using modern technology, such as LCD monitors and lightweight construction. These cabinets are typically designed to resemble the original arcade game cabinets, but may also support multiple related games. These cabinets can be offered in diverse and miniaturized styles, such as table-mounted and wall-mounted versions.{{cite web | url = https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/11/how-arcade1up-found-a-sweet-spot-for-scaled-down-home-game-cabinets/ | title = How Arcade1Up found a sweet spot for scaled-down home game cabinets | first = Matt | last = Paprocki | date = November 6, 2019 | access-date = April 13, 2021 | work = Ars Technica | archive-date = 13 April 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210413223516/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/11/how-arcade1up-found-a-sweet-spot-for-scaled-down-home-game-cabinets/ | url-status = live }}
Highest-grossing
{{See also|Golden age of arcade video games}}
For arcade games, success is usually judged by either the number of arcade hardware units sold to operators, or the amount of revenue generated. The revenue can include the coin drop earnings from coins (such as quarters, dollars, or 100 yen coins) inserted into machines,{{cite book |title=The video game explosion: a history from PONG to Playstation and beyond |first=Mark J. P. |last=Wolf |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-313-33868-7 |page=275 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XiM0ntMybNwC&pg=PA275 |quote=What are the best-selling video games? There are a number of factors to consider when attempting to answer this question. First, there are several different types of video games, which makes comparisons difficult, or perhaps unfair. Arcade games are played for a quarter a play (although some are 50 cents, or even more), while home games are bought outright, and their systems must be purchased as well. |access-date=18 February 2016 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222422/https://books.google.com/books?id=XiM0ntMybNwC&pg=PA275 |url-status=live }} and/or the earnings from hardware sales with each unit costing thousands of dollars. Most of the revenue figures listed below are incomplete as they only include hardware sales revenue, due to a lack of available data for coin drop earnings which typically account for the majority of a hit arcade game's gross revenue. This list only includes arcade games that either sold more than 10,000 hardware units or generated a revenue of more than {{US$|10 million|long=no}}. Most of the games listed were released between the golden age of arcade video games (1978–1984) and the 1990s.
{{Dynamic list|date=October 2021}}
|-
| 1981
| {{sort|055|55,988}} (until 1991){{cite web|title=Atari Production Numbers Memo |url=http://www.atarigames.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47:atari-production-numbers-memo&catid=5:atari-inter-office-memos&Itemid=5 |publisher=Atari Games |date=4 January 2010|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120084806/http://www.atarigames.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47%3Aatari-production-numbers-memo&catid=5%3Aatari-inter-office-memos&Itemid=5 |archive-date=20 January 2013 }}
| {{sort|0115|$115.65 million}}
(hardware sales until 1991)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|115650000|1991|r=0}}}}
(hardware sales)
|-
| Galaxian
| 1979
| {{sort|050|50,000}} (in the US until 1982){{cite book |last1=Bloom |first1=Steve |title=Video Invaders |publisher=Arco Publishing |year=1982 |isbn=978-0-668-05520-8 |page=24 |url=https://archive.org/details/book_video_invaders/page/n44}}
|
|
|-
| 1993
| {{sort|040|40,000+}} {{small|(until 1996)}}{{cite news |title=Virtua Fighter Kids: New Sega Saturn game is way "a-head" of its time |url=https://segaretro.org/Press_release:_1996-09-03:_Virtua_Fighter_Kids:_New_Sega_Saturn_game_is_way_%22a-head%22_of_its_time |access-date=11 October 2021 |publisher=Sega of America |date=September 3, 1996 |archive-date=31 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331111034/https://segaretro.org/Press_release:_1996-09-03:_Virtua_Fighter_Kids:_New_Sega_Saturn_game_is_way_%22a-head%22_of_its_time |url-status=live }}
|
|
|-
| 1994
| {{sort|040|40,000+}} {{small|(until 1996)}}{{cite magazine|title=Sega Promotes 64-Bit CG Board "Model 3"|magazine=Game Machine|issue=515|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=1 April 1996|page=26|lang=ja|url=https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19960401p.pdf#page=14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200309060115/https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19960401p.pdf|archive-date=9 March 2020|url-status=live}}
|
|
|-
| Tekken 2
| 1995
| {{sort|040|40,000}} {{small|(until 1996)}}{{cite magazine|editor-last=Akagi|editor-first=Masumi|title="Tekken 2", "Virtua Cop 2" Top Videos '96|magazine=Game Machine|issue=534|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=1 February 1997|page=26|url=https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19970201p.pdf#page=14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523214551/https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19970201p.pdf|archive-date=23 May 2020|url-status=live}}
|
|
|-
| Starhorse2
| 2005
| {{sort|038.614|38,614}} (until 2009){{refn|StarHorse2:
- From April 2005 to March 2007: 18,079 units
- StarHorse2: New Generation – 7,819 units from April 2005 to June 2006 (6,020 units in fiscal year ended March 2006, and 1,799 units during April–June 2006)
- StarHorse2: Second Fusion – 10,260 units from April 2006 to March 2007 (8,105 conversion kits during April–December 2006, and 2,155 body and satellite units in fiscal year ending March 2007){{cite web|title=Fiscal Year Ended March 2007: Full Year Results|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2007/e_200703_4q_pre.pdf#page=11|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=11|date=14 May 2007|access-date=18 May 2012|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924100151/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2007/e_200703_4q_pre.pdf#page=11|url-status=live}}
- From April 2007 to March 2008: 10,275 units (756 body and satellite units of StarHorse2: Second Fusion during April–September 2007,{{cite web|title=Fiscal Year 2008: Interim Results|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2008/e_200803_2q_pre.pdf#page=11|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=11|date=12 November 2007|access-date=19 May 2012|archive-date=20 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065147/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2008/e_200803_2q_pre.pdf#page=11|url-status=live}} and 9,519 conversion kits in fiscal year ended March 2008){{cite book|chapter=Segment Results: Amusement Machines|chapter-url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2008/e_200803_4q_pre.pdf#page=13|title=FY 2008: Full Year Results (Ending March 2008)|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2008/e_200803_4q_pre.pdf|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=13|date=15 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065227/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2008/e_200803_4q_pre.pdf|archive-date=20 January 2013|url-status=live}}
- From April 2009 to December 2009: 10,657 units of StarHorse2: Fifth Expansion
|group=n|name=StarHorse2Sales}}
| {{sort|0059.321|$59.321 million}} (until 2011)
(Fifth Expansion){{refn|StarHorse2: Fifth Expansion
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2010: ¥2.8 billion
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2011: ¥2 billion
- Currency conversion:
- ¥2.8 billion = $34.6039 million
- ¥2 billion = $24.7171 million
|group=n|name=StarHorse2}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|59321000|2005|r=0}}}}
(Fifth Expansion)
|-
| Hyper Olympic (Track & Field)
| 1983
| {{sort|038|38,000}} {{small|(1983 in Japan)}}{{cite book |title=RePlay |date=January 1984}}
|
|
|-
| Tekken 3
| 1996
| {{sort|035|35,000}} {{small|(in 1997)}}{{cite magazine|editor-last=Akagi|editor-first=Masumi|title="Tekken 3", "Virtua Fighter 3" Top Videos|magazine=Game Machine|issue=557|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=1 February 1998|page=22|url=https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19980201p.pdf#page=12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524095937/https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19980201p.pdf|archive-date=24 May 2020|url-status=live}}
|
|
|-
| 1982
| {{sort|030|30,000}} (1982 in the US){{#tag:ref|Donkey Kong:
- Japan: 65,000 of Donkey Kong
- {{cite book |author1=Brian Ashcraft |author2=with Jean Snow |author3=forewords by Kevin Williams |author4=Crecente, Brian|title=Arcade Mania: The Turbo-charged World of Japan's Game Centers|year=2008|publisher=Kodansha|location=Tokyo|isbn=978-4-7700-3078-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wX8kAQAAIAAJ&q="sixty-five+thousand"|edition=1st|quote=Jumpman hopped over barrels, climbed ladders, and jumped from suspended platform to suspended platform as he tried to rescue a damsel from his pissed-off pet gorilla. The game was a smash, and sixty-five thousand cabinets were sold in Japan, propping up the then-struggling Nintendo and laying the groundwork for Nintendo and Donkey Kong creator Shigeru Miyamoto to dominate gaming throughout the 1980s and beyond.}}
- United States: 67,000 of Donkey Kong
- {{cite web|last=Bienaimé|first=Pierre|title=Square Roots: Donkey Kong (NES)|url=http://www.nintendojo.com/features/columns/square-roots/square-roots-donkey-kong-nes|publisher=Nintendojo|date=13 January 2012|quote=Donkey Kong sold some 67,000 arcade cabinets in two years, making two of its American distributors sudden millionaires thanks to paid commission. As a barometer of success, know that Pac-Man and Ms. Pac-Man are the only arcade games to have sold over 100,000 units in the United States.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120201042701/http://www.nintendojo.com/features/columns/square-roots/square-roots-donkey-kong-nes|archive-date=1 February 2012|url-status=dead}}
- United States: 30,000 of Donkey Kong Jr. and 5000 of Donkey Kong 3.
}}
|
|
|-
| Mr. Do!
| 1982
| {{sort|030|30,000}} (1982 in the US){{cite book |title=The ultimate history of video games: from Pong to Pokémon and beyond : the story behind the craze that touched our lives and changed the world|author=Steve L. Kent|publisher=Prima|year=2001|isbn=0-7615-3643-4|page=352|quote=In 1982, Universal Sales made arcade history with a game called Mr Do! Instead of selling dedicated Mr Do! machines, Universal sold the game as a kit. The kit came with a customized control panel, a computer board with Mr Do! read-only memory (ROM) chips, stickers that could be placed on the side of stand-up arcade machines for art, and a plastic marquee. It was the first game ever sold as a conversion only. According to former Universal Sales western regional sales manager Joe Morici, the company sold approximately 30,000 copies of the game in the United States alone.}}
|
|
|-
| 1984
| {{sort|030|30,000}} (in the US until 1985){{cite magazine|title=Overseas Readers Column|magazine=Game Machine|issue=259|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=1 May 1985|page=22|lang=ja|url=https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19850501p.pdf#page=12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131231206/https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19850501p.pdf|archive-date=31 January 2020|url-status=live}}
|
|
|-
| Out Run
| 1986
| {{sort|030|30,000}} (until 1994){{Cite magazine|title=OutRun|magazine=Mean Machines Sega|publisher=EMAP|issue=22|date=August 1994|pages=92–3|issn=0967-9014|url=https://archive.org/details/mean-machines-sega-magazine-22/page/n91/mode/2up}}
| {{sort|0100|$100 million+}} {{small|(cabinet sales)}}{{cite book |last1=Horowitz |first1=Ken |chapter=OutRun (September 1986) |title=The Sega Arcade Revolution: A History in 62 Games |date=22 June 2018 |publisher=McFarland & Company |isbn=978-1-4766-7225-0 |pages=112–114 (114) |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xT1jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA114 |quote=Both versions went on to produce terrific numbers for Sega, bringing in total worldwide sales of over $100 million and adding another memorable franchise to Sega's stable of hits. |access-date=1 March 2021 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222931/https://books.google.com/books?id=xT1jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA114 |url-status=live }}
| {{US$|{{inflation|US|100|1986|r=-1}} million|long=no}} {{small|(cabinet sales)}}
|-
| 1989
| {{sort|030|30,000}} (until 1991){{cite news |last1=Leone |first1=Matt |title=Street Fighter 3: An oral history |url=https://www.polygon.com/2020/12/8/22151873/street-fighter-3-an-oral-history |access-date=29 April 2021 |work=Polygon |date=8 December 2020 |archive-date=18 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218024356/https://www.polygon.com/2020/12/8/22151873/street-fighter-3-an-oral-history |url-status=live }}
|
|
|-
| 1996
| {{sort|030|30,000}} {{small|(until 1997)}}
|
|
|-
| NBA Jam
| 1993
| {{US$|{{inflation|US|2|2002|r=1}} billion|long=no}}
|-
| World Club Champion Football
| 2002
| {{sort|002.479|2,479}} (until 2009){{refn|World Club Champion Football series, unit sales:
- World Club Champion Football: European Clubs 2004–2005 – 514 units in fiscal year ending March 2006{{cite web|title=FY Ending March 2006: Full Year Results Presentation|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2006/e_200603_4q_pre.pdf#page=11|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=11|date=16 May 2006|access-date=17 May 2012|archive-date=20 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065204/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2006/e_200603_4q_pre.pdf#page=11|url-status=live}}
- World Club Champion Football: European Clubs 2004–2005 Ver. 2 – 276 units during April–September 2006 (240 satellite units during April–June 2006,{{cite book|chapter=Segment Results: Amusement Machines|chapter-url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2007/e_200703_1q_pre.pdf#page=10|title=FY 2007: 1st Quarter Results (April–June 2006)|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2007/e_200703_1q_pre.pdf|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=10|date=28 July 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617030801/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2007/e_200703_1q_pre.pdf|archive-date=17 June 2013|url-status=live}} and 36 body units during April–September 2006){{cite web|title=FY 2007: Interim Results (April–September 2006)|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2007/e_200703_2q_pre.pdf#page=11|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|pages=11–13|date=10 November 2006|access-date=18 May 2012|archive-date=20 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065305/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2007/e_200703_2q_pre.pdf#page=11|url-status=live}}
- World Club Champion Football: Intercontinental Clubs 2008–2009 – 1,689 units from June 2008 to December 2009|group=n|name=wccf}}
| {{sort|0706.014|$706.014 million}} (until 2012){{refn|World Club Champion Football series, revenue:
- Series revenues until March 2009 – $552.3 million
- 480 million player cards sold. Prices could range from ¥300 for a single card from an arcade machine to ¥1000 for a starter pack.{{cite web|title=AOU 2009 – Sega World Club Champion Football Intercontinental Clubs 2007–2008|url=http://www.diginfo.tv/v/09-0061-r-en.php|work=AOU Amusement Expo 2009|publisher=DigInfo TV|date=2 March 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823125143/http://www.diginfo.tv/v/09-0061-r-en.php|archive-date=23 August 2012}} A¥1000 starter pack consists of 11 player cards, equivalent to ¥90.91 each.{{cite web|title=Sports Gaming in Japan: World Club Champion Football|url=http://uk.gamespot.com/news/sports-gaming-in-japan-world-club-champion-football-6233603|website=GameSpot|date=22 September 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203083816/http://uk.gamespot.com/news/sports-gaming-in-japan-world-club-champion-football-6233603|archive-date=3 February 2013}} Total revenues from player card sales thus range from ¥43.64 billion (at ¥90.91 per card) to ¥144 billion (at ¥300 per card). In US dollars, this is equivalent to a range of $552.3 million to $1.82244 billion. The lowest value of $552.3 million will be assumed.
- World Club Champion Football: Intercontinental Clubs revenues from April 2009 to June 2012 – $150.1 million
}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|706014000|2002|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1993
| {{sort|0600|$600 million}} (until 2002){{cite web |last1=Rignall |first1=Jaz |title=Top 10 Highest-Grossing Arcade Games of All Time |url=https://www.usgamer.net/articles/top-10-biggest-grossing-arcade-games-of-all-time |website=USgamer |access-date=16 February 2021 |date=1 January 2016 |archive-date=3 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303190010/https://www.usgamer.net/articles/top-10-biggest-grossing-arcade-games-of-all-time |url-status=live }}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|600000000|1999|r=0}}}}
|-
| Frogger
| 1981
|
| {{sort|0135|$135 million+}}{{small|(US hardware sales)}}{{cite book |last1=Horowitz |first1=Ken |title=The Sega Arcade Revolution: A History in 62 Games |date=22 June 2018 |publisher=McFarland & Company |isbn=978-1-4766-7225-0 |pages=36–42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xT1jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36 |access-date=7 April 2021 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222932/https://books.google.com/books?id=xT1jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36 |url-status=live }}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|135000000|1981|r=0}}}}
(US hardware sales)
|-
| Tempest
| 1981
| {{sort|030|29,000}} (until 1983)
| {{sort|0062|$62.408 million}}
(hardware sales until 1991)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|62408000|1991|r=0}}}}
(hardware sales)
|-
| Q*bert
| 1982
| {{sort|025|25,000}} (until 2001){{cite book|title=The ultimate history of video games: from Pong to Pokémon and beyond : the story behind the craze that touched our lives and changed the world|author=Steve L. Kent|authorlink=Steven L. Kent|publisher=Prima|year=2001|isbn=0-7615-3643-4|page=224|quote=Gottlieb sold approximately 25,000 Q*Bert arcade machines.}}
|
|
|-
| Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
| 1989
| {{sort|025|25,000}} (US & EU until May 1990){{cite magazine |title=Overseas Readers Column: Korean Counterfeiters Were Exposed By Police |magazine=Game Machine |issue=379 |publisher=Amusement Press, Inc. |date=1 May 1990 |page=30 |lang=ja |url=https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19900501p.pdf#page=16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131225318/https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19900501p.pdf |archive-date=31 January 2020 |url-status=live }}{{cite magazine |title=News Digest: TMNT Counterfeiters |magazine=RePlay |date=June 1990 |volume=15 |issue=9 |page=18 |url=https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-14-issue-no.-9-june-1990-600DPI/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2014%2C%20Issue%20No.%209%20-%20June%201990/page/18}}
|
|
|-
| 1997
| {{sort|025|25,000}} (until 2000){{cite news|last=Beals|first=Gregory|title=Kings of Cool|url=https://www.newsweek.com/kings-cool-156033|newspaper=Newsweek|date=11 December 2000|access-date=30 October 2021|quote=Konami has sold 25,000 Beatmania machines in three years. In the arcade industry, selling 1000 units is considered a success.|archive-date=30 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030142137/https://www.newsweek.com/kings-cool-156033|url-status=live}}
| {{sort|0012.4|$12.4 million}} (until 1998)
(Japan hardware sales){{refn|Beatmania:
- ¥1 billion in May 1998({{cite web|title=Special Feature: Music Simulation Games Rock the Market|url=http://www.konami.co.jp/report/report99/english/special01.html|work=Annual Report|publisher=Konami|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040625160414/http://www.konami.co.jp/report/report99/english/special01.html|archive-date=25 June 2004|year=1999|page=2}})
- Yen-Dollar currency conversion: $12.4 million
|group=n|name=Beatmania}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|12400000|1997|r=0}}}}
(Japan hardware sales)
|-
| 1992
| 24,000 (until 2002){{cite news|last=Horwitz|first=Jeremy|title=Technology: Mortal Apathy?|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/08/technology/08MIDW.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=8 July 2002|access-date=18 February 2017|archive-date=3 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003002950/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/08/business/technology-mortal-apathy.html?pagewanted=2|url-status=live}}
| {{sort|0570|$570 million}} (until 2002)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|570000000|2002|r=0}}}}
|-
| Darkstalkers: The Night Warriors
| 1994
| {{sort|020|24,000}}{{cite AV media |last=Okamoto |first=Yoshiki |author1-link=Yoshiki Okamoto |title=[How Darkstalkers Was Born!] Katsuya Akitomo, the Man Who Influenced Character Designs in "CAPCOM" |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-jiOuxVUog | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/l-jiOuxVUog| archive-date=2021-12-11 | url-status=live|website=YouTube |time=6 minutes |access-date=21 July 2021 |date=23 January 2021}}{{cbignore}}.
|
|
|-
| 1982
| {{sort|023|23,000}} (until 1983)
|
|
|-
| 1982
| {{sort|021|21,000}} (in the US until 1983){{cite web|last=Fujihara|first=Mary|title=Inter Office Memo|url=http://www.atarigames.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49:atari-sales-estimates-for-other-manufactures-2&catid=5:atari-inter-office-memos&Itemid=5|publisher=Atari|date=2 November 1983|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006081923/http://www.atarigames.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49:atari-sales-estimates-for-other-manufactures-2&catid=5:atari-inter-office-memos&Itemid=5|archive-date=6 October 2014|access-date=18 March 2012}}
| {{sort|0062|$60.933 million}} (until 1983)
(US hardware sales)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|60933000|1982|r=0}}}}
(US hardware sales)
|-
| Dig Dug
| 1982
| {{sort|022.228|22,228}} (in the US until 1983)
| {{sort|0046.3|$46.3 million}} (until 1983)
(US hardware sales)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|46300000|1982|r=0}}}}
(US hardware sales)
|-
| Popeye
| 1982
| {{sort|020|20,000}} (in the US until 1982){{cite book|author=Steven L. Kent|year=2001|title=The Ultimate History of Video Games: The Story behind the Craze that Touched Our Lives and Changed the World|publisher=Prima|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C2MH05ogU9oC|page=352|isbn=9780761536437|quote=With more than 60,000 units sold in the United States, Donkey Kong was Nintendo's biggest arcade hit. The arcade industry began its long collapse the year after Donkey Kong was released, and Nintendo's arcade fortunes eroded quickly. Nintendo released Donkey Kong Junior in 1982 and sold only 30,000 machines, 20,000 Popeye machines (also 1982), and a mere 5000 copies of Donkey Kong 3 (1983).|access-date=18 February 2016|archive-date=17 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222415/https://books.google.com/books?id=C2MH05ogU9oC|url-status=live}}
|
|
|-
| 1986
| {{sort|020|20,000}} (1986){{cite book |last1=Horowitz |first1=Ken |title=Beyond Donkey Kong: A History of Nintendo Arcade Games |date=30 July 2020 |publisher=McFarland & Company |isbn=978-1-4766-4176-8 |page=156 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UXD0DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA156 |access-date=2 April 2021 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222933/https://books.google.com/books?id=UXD0DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA156 |url-status=live }}
|
|
|-
| 1999
| {{sort|020|20,000}} (until 2005){{cite news|title=Pump It Up: Exceed drops to PS2 / Xbox|publisher=Punch Jump Crew|date=8 September 2005}}
|
|
|-
| 1999
| {{sort|019|19,000}} (until 2000){{cite magazine|editor-last=Akagi|editor-first=Masumi|title="Tekken TT", "Samba DE Amiga" Top Videos|url=https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/20010115p.pdf#page=10|magazine=Game Machine|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|issue=626|date=15 January 2001|page=18|access-date=30 October 2021|archive-date=30 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030220531/https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/20010115p.pdf#page=10|url-status=live}}
|-
| 1982
| {{sort|018|18,000}} (in the US until 1983){{cite web |last1=Fujihara |first1=Mary |title=Inter Office Memo: Coin-Op Product Sales |url=http://www.atarigames.com/pdffiles/salesestimates1.pdf |publisher=Atari, Inc. |date=July 25, 1983 |access-date=14 October 2021 |archive-date=20 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020200920/http://www.atarigames.com/pdffiles/salesestimates1.pdf |url-status=dead }}
|
|
|-
| Raiden
| 1990
|
|
|-
| 1994
| {{sort|017|17,000}}{{cite book |last1=Horowitz |first1=Ken |title=Beyond Donkey Kong: A History of Nintendo Arcade Games |date=30 July 2020 |publisher=McFarland & Company |isbn=978-1-4766-4176-8 |page=199 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UXD0DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA199 |access-date=19 October 2021 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222933/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Beyond_Donkey_Kong/UXD0DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA199&printsec=frontcover |url-status=live }}
| {{sort|0125|${{#expr:500/4}} million}}+{{cite news |last1=Dretzka |first1=Gary |title=Sony, Sega Fire Latest Shot in Game Wars |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1995-05-26-9505260307-story.html |access-date=19 October 2021 |work=Chicago Tribune |date=May 26, 1995 |archive-date=31 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331111031/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1995-05-26-9505260307-story.html |url-status=live }}
| ${{inflation|US|125|1994}} million+
|-
|2020
|
|{{sort|0125|${{To USD|20000|JPN|year=2020|round=yes}} million}}+ (until 2021){{cite news|date=14 December 2021|title=アミューズメントマシン『ポケモンメザスタ』 累計プレイ回数１億回突破のお知らせ|trans-title=Amusement machine "Pokemon Mezasta" notice that the cumulative number of plays has exceeded 100 million times|work=PR TIMES|url=https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000178.000009185.html|access-date=22 December 2021|language=ja|archive-date=22 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222155734/https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000178.000009185.html|url-status=live}}
|{{sort|0125|${{To USD|20000|JPN|year=2020|round=yes}} million}}+
|-
| 1983
| {{sort|016|16,000}} (until 1983){{cite book |title=The ultimate history of video games: from Pong to Pokémon and beyond : the story behind the craze that touched our lives and changed the world|author=Steve L. Kent|publisher=Prima|year=2001|isbn=0-7615-3643-4|page=225|quote=Cinematronics sold more than 16,000 Dragon's Lair machines in 1983, for an average price of $4300. Coleco purchased the home rights to the game, giving Cinematronics an additional $2 million.}}{{cite news|last=Harmetz|first=Aljean|title=Daring Dirk Perk For Arcades|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7qMyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3206,953643|newspaper=Ottawa Citizen|date=13 August 1983|page=29|access-date=12 May 2020|archive-date=20 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020202256/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7qMyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3206%2C953643|url-status=live}}
| {{sort|0048|$68.8 million}}
(hardware sales until 1983)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|68800000|1983|r=0}}}}
(hardware sales)
|-
| 1981
| {{sort|022.399|22,399}} (until 1999){{cite web|title=Production Numbers|url=http://www.atarigames.com/atarinumbers90s.pdf|publisher=Atari Games|date=August 31, 1999|access-date=April 19, 2021|archive-date=10 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510143012/http://www.atarigames.com/atarinumbers90s.pdf|url-status=dead}}
| {{sort|0046.1|$46.1 million}}
(hardware sales until 1999)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|46100000|1999|r=0}}}}
(hardware sales)
|-
| 1980
| {{sort|0036.8|$36.8 million}}
(hardware sales until 1991)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|36800000|1991|r=0}}}}
(hardware sales)
|-
| Berzerk
| 1980
|
|
|-
| Scramble
| 1981
| {{sort|015.136|15,136}} (until 1981)
|
|
|-
| 1983
| {{sort|015|15,000}} (in Japan until June 1983){{cite magazine |title=#1 Game In Japan: Sega Electronics To Bring 'Champion Baseball' Vid to U.S. |magazine=Cash Box |date=June 16, 1983 |pages=33–4 |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1983/CB-1983-06-18.pdf#page=33 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813195404/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/80s/1983/CB-1983-06-18.pdf |archive-date=August 13, 2020 |url-status=live }}
|
|
|-
| Mushiking: King of the Beetles
| 2003
| {{sort|013.5|13,500}} (until 2005){{cite web|title=FY Ending March 2006: Interim Results Presentation (April–September 2005)|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2006/e_200603_2q_pre.pdf|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|date=22 November 2005|access-date=17 May 2012|archive-date=20 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065244/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2006/e_200603_2q_pre.pdf|url-status=live}}
| {{sort|0530|$530 million}} (until 2007){{refn|Mushiking:
- 420 million{{cite web|last=Carless|first=Simon|title=Uemura – Sega's Hidden Game Design Power?|url=http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2007/03/uemura_segas_hidden_game_desig_1.php|publisher=GameSetWatch|date=29 March 2007|access-date=17 May 2012|archive-date=12 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012080823/http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2007/03/uemura_segas_hidden_game_desig_1.php|url-status=live}} 100 yen coins = ¥42 billion
- Currency conversion: $530 million
|group=n|name=Mushiking}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|530000000|2003|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1980
| {{sort|015.122|15,122}} (until 1999)
| {{sort|0031.2|$31.2 million}}
(hardware sales until 1999)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|31200000|1999|r=0}}}}
(hardware sales)
|-
| Stargate
| 1981
| {{sort|015|15,000}} (until 1983)
|
|
|-
| 1982
| {{sort|012.038|12,038}} (until 1991)
|
|
|-
| 2004
| {{sort|013|13,000}} (until 2004){{cite web|title=FY2005 Third quarter Financial Results (April–December 2004)|url=http://www.konami.co.jp/en/ir/pdf/meeting/2005/050127.pdf#page=15|publisher=Konami|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060116103026/http://www.konami.co.jp/en/ir/pdf/meeting/2005/050127.pdf#page=15|archive-date=16 January 2006|page=15|date=27 January 2005}}
|
|
|-
| 1981
| {{sort|012.337|12,337}} (until 1981)
|
|
|-
| 1988
| {{sort|012|12,000}} {{small|(until 1991)}}{{cite magazine |title=Craven Exits Capcom to Form Leprechaun, Inc.; Walker Now Tops Capcom Sales, Sets Dealer Meet |magazine=RePlay |date=February 1991 |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=36, 38 |url=https://archive.org/details/re-play-volume-16-issue-no.-5-february-1991-600dpi/RePlay%20-%20Volume%2016%2C%20Issue%20No.%205%20-%20February%201991/page/36}}
|
|
|-
| 1994
| {{sort|012|12,000}}{{cite news |last1=Alexander |first1=Leigh |last2=Sheffield |first2=Brandon |title=DICE: Mizuguchi Talks Artistry And Commerce In Concert |url=https://www.gamedeveloper.com/game-platforms/dice-mizuguchi-talks-artistry-and-commerce-in-concert |access-date=31 May 2021 |work=Gamasutra |date=February 8, 2008 |archive-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824223915/https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/108245/DICE_Mizuguchi_Talks_Artistry_And_Commerce_In_Concert.php |url-status=live }}
|
|
|-
| 2004
| {{sort|010.3|10,300}} (until 2006){{cite web|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2007/e_200703_3q_pre.pdf#page=11|title=Fiscal Year Ending March 2007: 3rd Quarter Results (April–December 2006)|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|pages=11–13|date=7 February 2007|access-date=19 May 2012|archive-date=20 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065323/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2007/e_200703_3q_pre.pdf#page=11|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Fiscal Year Ending March 2006: 3rd quarter Results (April–December 2005)|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2006/e_200603_3q_pre.pdf#page=8|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=8|date=8 February 2006|access-date=17 May 2012|archive-date=16 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616233502/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2006/e_200603_3q_pre.pdf#page=8|url-status=live}}
| {{sort|0302.68|$302.68 million}} (until 2007){{refn|Love and Berry:
- 240 million 100 yen coins{{cite web|last=Ashcraft|first=Brian|title=How Sega Reels in Girls|url=http://kotaku.com/130966/how-sega-reels-in-girls|publisher=Kotaku|date=14 October 2005|access-date=17 May 2012|archive-date=11 December 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211100120/http://kotaku.com/130966/how-sega-reels-in-girls|url-status=live}} = ¥24 billion
- Currency conversion: $302.68 million
|group=n|name=LoveBerry}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|302680000|2004|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1987
| {{sort|010|10,000+}} (US in 1988){{cite journal |title=Patent, Trademark & Copyright Series |journal=Patent, Trademark & Copyright Series |date=1989 |volume=13 |issue=503–4 |pages=423–4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KzI2AQAAIAAJ |publisher=Bureau of National Affairs |quote=Taito sold over 10,000 Double Dragon dedicated games in the United States, and over 80% of U.S. video game operators bought at least one Double Dragon |access-date=20 July 2021 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222935/https://books.google.com/books?id=KzI2AQAAIAAJ |url-status=live }}
|
|
|-
| 1987
| {{sort|010|10,000+}} (until 1991){{cite web |last1=Leone |first1=Matt |title=Street Fighter 1: An oral history |url=https://www.polygon.com/2020/7/7/21270906/street-fighter-1-oral-history-takashi-nishiyama |website=Polygon |publisher=Vox Media |access-date=July 16, 2020 |date=July 7, 2020 |archive-date=16 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716104722/https://www.polygon.com/2020/7/7/21270906/street-fighter-1-oral-history-takashi-nishiyama |url-status=live }}
|
|
|-
| 1998
| 10,000+ {{small|(until 1999)}}{{cite magazine|editor-last=Akagi|editor-first=Masumi|title=Sega's CG Videos Top Game Charts|magazine=Game Machine|issue=603|publisher=Amusement Press, Inc.|date=1 February 2000|page=18|url=https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/20000201p.pdf#page=10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523201951/https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/20000201p.pdf|archive-date=23 May 2020|url-status=live}}
|
|
|-
| Wheels / Wheels II (Speed Race)
| 1974
| {{sort|010|10,000}} (1975 in the US){{cite book |last1=Baer |first1=Ralph H. |author1-link=Ralph H. Baer |title=Videogames: In the Beginning |date=2005 |publisher=Rolenta Press |isbn=978-0-9643848-1-1 |pages=10–3 |url=https://archive.org/details/VideogamesInTheBeginningRalphH.Baer/page/n31/mode/2up}}
|
|
|-
| Gee Bee
| 1978
| {{sort|010|10,000}}{{cite web |last1=Kurokawa |first1=Fumio |title=ビデオゲームの語り部たち 第4部：石村繁一氏が語るナムコの歴史と創業者・中村雅哉氏の魅力 |url=https://www.4gamer.net/games/999/G999905/20180313040/ |language=ja |website=4Gamer |publisher=Aetas |access-date=2 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801205701/https://www.4gamer.net/games/999/G999905/20180313040/ |archive-date=1 August 2019 |date=17 March 2018 |url-status=live}}
|
|
|-
| 2006
| {{sort|010|10,000}} (until 2009){{cite web|date=1 September 2009|title=Big Buck Safari Reaches Two Milestones!|url=http://rawthrills.com/09-01-2009|publisher=Raw Thrills}}{{dead link|date=August 2016}}{{cite news|last=Strang|first=Katie|title=Shootout at the local pub: Big Buck Hunter is a hit|url=http://www.azcentral.com/ent/vgames/articles/0424shooter-CR.html|newspaper=The Arizona Republic|date=24 April 2007|access-date=18 March 2012|archive-date=17 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222923/https://help.azcentral.com/|url-status=live}}
|
|
|-
| World Club Champion Football: Intercontinental Clubs
| 2008
| {{sort|001.689|1,689}} (until 2009){{refn|World Club Champion Football: Intercontinental Clubs
- World Club Champion Football: Intercontinental Clubs 2006–2007 – 831 units from June 2008 to March 2009
- World Club Champion Football: Intercontinental Clubs 2008–2009 – 858 units from April 2009 to December 2009|group=n|name=IntercontinentalSales}}
| {{sort|0150.1|$150.1 million}} (until 2012){{refn|World Club Champion Football: Intercontinental Clubs
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2010: ¥4.2 billion{{cite web|title=Appendix of Consolidated Financial Statements: Year Ended March 31, 2010|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/1003hosoku_e_final.pdf#page=3|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=3|date=14 May 2010|access-date=13 April 2012|archive-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617024202/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/1003hosoku_e_final.pdf#page=3|url-status=live}}
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2011: ¥3.8 billion{{cite web|title=Appendix of Consolidated Financial Statements: Year Ended March 31, 2011|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/1103appendix_e_final.pdf#page=3|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=3|date=13 May 2011|access-date=14 April 2012|archive-date=15 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315043047/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/1103appendix_e_final.pdf#page=3|url-status=live}}
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2012: ¥3.6 billion{{cite web|title=Appendix of Consolidated Financial Statements: 9 Months Ended December 31, 2011|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/20120203_tanshin_hosoku_final_e.pdf#page=3|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=3|date=3 February 2012|access-date=14 April 2012|archive-date=5 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505164112/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/20120203_tanshin_hosoku_final_e.pdf#page=3|url-status=live}}
- 1st Quarter Ended 30 June 2012: ¥0.5 billion
- Currency conversion:
- ¥4.2 billion=$51.9159 million
- ¥3.8 billion = $46.9716 million
- ¥3.6 billion = $44.8253 million
- ¥0.5 billion = $6.3784 million|group=n|name=Intercontinental}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|150100000|2008|r=0}}}}
|-
|2007
|
|{{sort|0125|${{To USD|10000|JPN|year=2012|round=yes}} million}}+ (until 2012)
|${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|125000000|2007|r=0}}}}+
|-
| StarHorse3 Season I: A New Legend Begins
| 2011
|
| {{sort|0132.18|$132.18 million}} (until 2012){{refn|StarHorse3 Season I: A New Legend Begins
- Fiscal year ended March 2012: ¥10.1 billion{{cite web|title=Appendix of Consolidated Financial Statements: Year Ended March 31, 2012|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/20120511_hosoku_e_final.pdf#page=3|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=3|date=11 May 2012|access-date=17 May 2012|archive-date=22 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522204341/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/20120511_hosoku_e_final.pdf#page=3|url-status=live}}
- 1st Quarter Ended 30 June 2012: ¥0.5 billion
- Currency conversion:
- ¥10.1 billion = $125.8 million
- ¥0.5 billion = $6.3784 million
|group=n|name=StarHorse3}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|132180000|2011|r=0}}}}
|-
|2012
|
|{{sort|0125|${{To USD|10000|JPN|year=2012|round=yes}} million}}+ (until 2014)
|${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|125000000|2012|r=0}}}}+
|-
| 2009
| {{sort|002.998|2,998}} (until 2009){{cite web|title=Appendix of Consolidated Financial Statements: 9 Months Ended December 31, 2009|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/201003_3qhosoku_e__final.pdf#page=3|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=3|date=5 February 2010|access-date=13 April 2012|archive-date=20 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065401/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/201003_3qhosoku_e__final.pdf#page=3|url-status=live}}
| {{sort|0107|$107 million}} (until 2012){{refn|Border Break:
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2010: ¥3.3 billion
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2011: ¥2.5 billion
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2012: ¥2.3 billion{{cite web|title=Appendix of Consolidated Financial Statements 6 Months Ended September 30, 2011|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/20111031_2012_2qhosoku_e_final.pdf#page=3|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=3|date=31 October 2011|access-date=13 April 2012|archive-date=16 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616233446/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/20111031_2012_2qhosoku_e_final.pdf#page=3|url-status=live}}
- 1st Quarter Ended 30 June 2012: ¥0.5 billion{{cite web|title=FY Ending March 2013: 1st Quarter Results Presentation (Ended June 2012)|url=https://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/20120801_presen_e_final.pdf#page=12|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=11|date=1 August 2012|access-date=2 September 2012|archive-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617001209/https://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/pdf/release/20120801_presen_e_final.pdf#page=12|url-status=live}}
- Currency conversion:
- ¥3.3 billion = $40.7317 million
- ¥2.5 billion = $30.8542 million
- ¥2.3 billion = $28.6371 million
- ¥0.5 billion = $6.3784 million
|group=n|name=BorderBreak}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|107000000|2009|r=0}}}}
|-
| Tron
| 1982
| {{sort|000.8|800}} (in the US until 1982){{cite news|last=Harmetz|first=Aljean|title=Movie Themes Come To Video Games|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OwEzAAAAIBAJ&pg=5470,748067|newspaper=Star-News|date=3 July 1982|access-date=12 May 2020|archive-date=5 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205113750/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OwEzAAAAIBAJ&pg=5470,748067|url-status=live}}
| {{sort|0045|$45 million}} (until 1983){{cite book |title=The naked computer: a layperson's almanac of computer lore, wizardry, personalities, memorabilia, world records, mind blowers, and tomfoolery|author1=Jack B. Rochester |author2=John Gantz |publisher=William Morrow and Company|year=1983|isbn=0-688-02450-5|url=https://archive.org/details/nakedcomputerla00roch|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/nakedcomputerla00roch/page/164 164]|quote=Although the Disney Studios expected to make over $400 million from this siliconic extravaganza, our source at Variety tells us that its North American rentals were $15 million and estimated total gross, $30 million. The arcade game Tron, made by Bally, grossed more.}}
| {{sort|0102|$102 million}}
|-
| 2010
|
| {{sort|0094.04|$94.04 million}} (until 2012){{refn|Sengoku Taisen:
- ¥6.4 billion = $79.1 million
- ¥1.2 billion = $14.94 million
|group=n|name=Sengoku}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|94040000|2010|r=0}}}}
|-
|2016
|
|{{sort|0092|${{To USD|10000|JPN|year=2016|round=yes}} million}}+ (until 2018)
|${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|92000000|2016|r=0}}}}+
|-
| Dragon Quest: Monster Battle Road
| 2007
|
| {{sort|0078.2|$78.2 million}} (until 2008){{refn|Dragon Quest: Monster Battle Road
- ¥4.5 billion from June 2007 to March 2008{{cite web|title=Outline of Results Briefing|url=http://www.square-enix.com/eng/pdf/explanatory_20080625_01.pdf#page=4|publisher=Square Enix|page=4|date=23 May 2008}}
- Currency conversion: $56.731 million
- ¥1.7 billion from April 2008 to September 2008
- Currency conversion: $21.4317 million{{cite web|title=Currency Conversion|url=http://www.xe.com/ucc/|publisher=XE.com|access-date=13 April 2012|archive-date=12 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412232822/https://xe.com/ucc/|url-status=live}}
|group=n|name=BattleRoad}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|78200000|2007|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1999
| {{sort|003|3,000}} (until 2000){{cite web|title=Japanese gamers shake it, shake it!|url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/back-page/japanese-gamers-shake-it-shake-it-1.47183|publisher=Independent Online (South Africa)|location=South Africa|date=14 August 2000|access-date=19 April 2012|archive-date=14 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514113410/http://www.iol.co.za/news/back-page/japanese-gamers-shake-it-shake-it-1.47183|url-status=live}}
| {{sort|0047.11|$47.11 million}} (until 2000){{refn|Samba de Amigo: ¥3.84 billion
}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|47110000|1999|r=0}}}}
|-
| 2007
|
| {{sort|0054.4|$54.4 million}} (until 2011){{refn|Sangokushi Taisen 3:
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2010: ¥1.8 billion
- Fiscal year ended 31 March 2011: ¥2.6 billion
- Currency conversion:
- ¥1.8 billion = $22.2401 million
- ¥2.6 billion = $32.1248 million
|group=n|name=Sangokushi3}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|54400000|2007|r=0}}}}
|-
| Pong
| 1972
| {{sort|010|8,500–19,000}}{{cite magazine|title=Business 1974: Industry: Space Age Pinball, Atari's PONG|magazine=Time|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952086,00.html|quote=Typical of the new games is Pong, a popular version of electronic table tennis manufactured by two-year-old Atari, Inc. (estimated fiscal 1974 revenue: $14 million) of Los Gatos, Calif. Atari sold some 8,500 games to U.S. amusement parlors and other businesses last year.|date=5 October 1983|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222000733/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952086,00.html|archive-date=22 December 2008|access-date=9 April 2021}}{{cite book|title=Computer and Video Game Law: Cases and Materials|author1=Ashley S. Lipson|author2=Robert D. Brain|publisher=Carolina Academic Press|year=2009|isbn=978-1-59460-488-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IxNDAQAAIAAJ|page=9|quote=Atari eventually sold more than 19,000 Pong machines, giving rise to many imitations. Pong made its first appearance in 1972 at "Andy Capp's," a small bar in Sunnyvale, California, where the video game was literally "overplayed" as eager customers tried to cram quarters into an already heavily overloaded coin slot.|access-date=18 February 2016|archive-date=17 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222935/https://books.google.com/books?id=IxNDAQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}
| {{sort|0011|$11 million}} (until 1973){{cite news|last=Barack|first=Lauren|title=In Blast From the Past, Atari Video Games Plan a Return|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/nypost/access/334044141.html?dids=334044141:334044141&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=May+08%2C+2003&author=Lauren+Barack&pub=New+York+Post&desc=IN+BLAST+FROM+THE+PAST%2C+ATARI+VIDEO+GAMES+PLAN+A+RETURN&pqatl=google |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512045136/https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/nypost/access/334044141.html?dids=334044141:334044141&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=May+08%2C+2003&author=Lauren+Barack&pub=New+York+Post&desc=IN+BLAST+FROM+THE+PAST%2C+ATARI+VIDEO+GAMES+PLAN+A+RETURN&pqatl=google |archive-date=2012-05-12|newspaper=New York Post|date=8 May 2003|page=34|quote=Its first hit game, "Pong," launched in 1972, made $11 million in revenue in just one year.}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|11000000|1973|r=0}}}}
|-
| 2008
|
| {{sort|0050.443|$50.443 million}} (until 2008){{refn|Lord of Vermilion: ¥4 billion{{cite web | title=Outline of Results Briefing by SQUARE ENIX HOLDINGS held on November 7, 2008 | url=http://www.square-enix.com/eng/pdf/news/20081126en.pdf#page=4 | work=Square-Enix.com | access-date=20 December 2008 | archive-date=21 March 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150321225758/http://www.square-enix.com/eng/pdf/news/20081126en.pdf#page=4 | url-status=live }}
|group=n|name=Vermillion}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|50443000|2008|r=0}}}}
|-
| 2008
| {{sort|012.892|12,892}} (until 2009){{refn|Sega Network Mahjong MJ4:
- Fiscal year ended March 2008: 10,427
- Fiscal year ended March 2009: 2,465{{cite book|chapter=Segment Results: Amusement Machine|chapter-url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2009/e_200903_4q_pre.pdf#page=15|title=Fiscal Year 2009: Full Year Results (Ending March 2009)|url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2009/e_200903_4q_pre.pdf|publisher=Sega Sammy Holdings|page=15|date=14 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065330/http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/settlement/2009/e_200903_4q_pre.pdf|archive-date=20 January 2013|url-status=live}}
}}
| {{sort|0047|$47 million}} (until 2010){{refn|Fiscal year ended 31 March 2010: ¥3.8 billion
|group=n|name=MJ4}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|47000000|2008|r=0}}}}
|-
| Kangaroo
| 1982
| {{sort|009.803|9,803}} (until 1983)
| {{sort|0020.58|$20.58 million}} (until 1983)
(US hardware sales)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|20580000|1982|r=0}}}}
(US hardware sales)
|-
| 1989
| {{sort|003.118|3,318}} (until 1989)
| {{sort|0022.9|$22.9 million}} (until 1989)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|22900000|1989|r=0}}}}
|-
| Gauntlet
| 1985
| {{sort|007.848|7,848}} (until 1985)
| {{sort|0018.01|$18.01 million}} (until 1985)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|18010000|1985|r=0}}}}
|-
| 2011
|
| {{sort|0034.87|$34.87 million}} (until 2012){{refn|Fiscal year ended March 2012: ¥2.8 billion
|group=n|name=MJ5}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|34870000|2011|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1982
| {{sort|009.99|9,990}} (until 1991)
| {{sort|0020|$20.669 million}} (until 1991)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|20669000|1991|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1990
| {{sort|003.525|3,525}} (until 1991)
| {{sort|0020.03|$20.03 million}} (until 1991)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|20030000|1991|r=0}}}}
|-
| Breakout
| 1976
| {{sort|015|15,000}} (until 1981){{cite news |title=Video Games Star War |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/25/magazine/video-games-star-war.html |access-date=23 September 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=25 October 1981 |archive-date=23 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923223211/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/25/magazine/video-games-star-war.html |url-status=live }}
| {{sort|0012.045|$12.045 million}}
(hardware sales until 1981)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|12045000|1981|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1991
|
| {{sort|0018|$18 million}} (until 1991){{cite web|title=Rick Dyer: Biography|publisher=Allgame|url=http://www.allgame.com/person.php?id=3332|access-date=10 April 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100210011051/http://www.allgame.com/person.php?id=3332|archive-date=10 February 2010}}
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|18000000|1991|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1984
|
| {{sort|0013|$13 million}} (until 1984)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|13000000|1984|r=0}}}}
|-
| Xevious
| 1982
| {{sort|005.295|5,295}} (in the US until 1983)
| {{sort|0011.1|$11.1 million}} (until 1983)
(US hardware sales)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|11100000|1982|r=0}}}}
(US hardware sales)
|-
| 1978
| {{sort|011.306|11,306}} (until 1999)
| {{sort|0017.266|$17.266 million}} (until 1999)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|17266000|1999|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1987
| {{sort|001.15|1,150}} (in the US until 1988)
| {{sort|0009.5|$9.5 million}} (until 1988)
(US hardware sales)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|9500000|1987|r=0}}}}
(US hardware sales)
|-
| Paperboy
| 1984
| {{sort|003.442|3,442}} (until 1991)
| {{sort|0008.6|$8.6 million}} (until 1991)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|8600000|1991|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1983
| {{sort|012.695|12,695}} (until 1991)
| {{sort|0007.595|$7.595 million}} (until 1991)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|7595000|1991|r=0}}}}
|-
| Sprint 2
| 1976
| {{sort|008.2|8,200}} (until 1999)
| {{sort|0012.669|$12.669 million}} (until 1999)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|12669000|1999|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1986
| {{sort|003.595|3,595}} (until 1991)
| {{sort|0008.26|$8.26 million}} (until 1991)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|8260000|1991|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1983
| {{sort|002.4|2,400}} (in the US until 1983)
| {{sort|0007.43|$7.43 million}} (until 1983)
(US hardware sales)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|7430000|1983|r=0}}}}
(US hardware sales)
|-
| Sea Wolf
| 1976
|
|
|-
| 1979
| {{sort|004.830|4,830}} (until 1999)
| {{sort|0008.19|$8.19 million}} (until 1999)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|8190000|1999|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1986
| {{sort|008.2|2,232}} (until 1999)
| {{sort|0007.8|$7.8 million}} (until 1999)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|7800000|1999|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1984
| {{sort|0006.3|$6.3 million}} (until 1991)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|6300000|1991|r=0}}}}
|-
| 1986
| {{sort|002.406|2,406}} (in the US until 1987)
| {{sort|0004.8|$4.8 million}} (until 1987)
(US hardware sales)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|4800000|1986|r=0}}}}
(US hardware sales)
|-
| Arabian
| 1983
| {{sort|001.95|1,950}} (in the US until 1983)
| {{sort|0003.9|$3.9 million}} (until 1983)
(US hardware sales)
| ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|3900000|1983|r=0}}}}
(US hardware sales)
|}
=Franchises=
{{See also|List of best-selling video game franchises}}
These are the combined hardware sales of at least two or more arcade games that are part of the same franchise. This list only includes franchises that have sold at least 5,000 hardware units or grossed at least $10 million revenues.
| class="wikitable sortable" |
| Franchise
! Original release year ! Total hardware units sold ! Estimated gross revenue ! Estimated gross revenue |
|---|
| Pac-Man
| 1980 | 526,412 (until 1988){{refn|Pac-Man series:
|group=n}} | {{sort|6000|$6 billion}} (until 1982){{cite book |last1=Stern |first1=Jane |last2=Stern |first2=Michael |title=Jane & Michael Stern's Encyclopedia of Pop Culture: An A to Z Guide of Who's who and What's What, from Aerobics and Bubble Gum to Valley of the Dolls and Moon Unit Zappa |date=1992 |publisher=Harper Perennial |isbn=978-0-06-055343-2 |page=373 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7AAi0VbjGU8C |quote=“I think we have the Mickey Mouse of the 1980s,” said one Pac-Man executive when it was noted that Americans were spending about $6 billion per year on the game and its spinoffs |access-date=1 March 2021 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222936/https://books.google.com/books?id=7AAi0VbjGU8C |url-status=live }} | {{US$|{{inflation|US|6|1982}} billion|long=no}} |
| Space Invaders
| 1978 | {{sort|3800|$3.8 billion}} (until 1982) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|3800000000|1978|r=0}}}} |
| Street Fighter
| 1987 | 500,000 (until 2002){{cite news|title=Call-it Entertainment, Inc. Partners with Capcom to Launch Street Fighter Wireless Game Series |url=http://www.wirelessdevnet.com/news/2002/137/news9.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020624002357/http://www.wirelessdevnet.com/news/2002/137/news9.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 June 2002 |date=16 May 2002|agency=Business Wire }}{{cite book|title=Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition 2008|work=Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition|year=2008|publisher=Guinness World Records|isbn=978-1-904994-21-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OJQFSlyMEfAC|page=77|quote=Street Fighter has sold over 25 million console games and 500,000 arcade units generating more than a billion dollars in revenue.|access-date=18 February 2016|archive-date=17 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117222938/https://books.google.com/books?id=OJQFSlyMEfAC|url-status=live}} | {{sort|5310|${{#expr:10.61/2 round 2}} billion+}} (until 1999) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|5310000000|1991|r=0}}}} |
| Pac-Man clones
| 1980 | 300,000 (until 2002){{cite web|title=The History of Video Games |url=http://serialkiller.org/articles/videogames_history/videogames_history.pdf#page=7 |website=GameSpot|author1=Leonard Herman |author2=Jer Horwitz |author3=Steve Kent |author4=Skyler Miller |page=7 |year=2002 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425073445/http://serialkiller.org/articles/videogames_history/videogames_history.pdf |archive-date=25 April 2012}} | | |
| Street Fighter clones
| 1987 | | |
| Mario
| 1981 | 190,800 (until 1983){{refn|Mario series:
|group=n}} | {{sort|0280|$280 million}} (until 1982) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|280000000|1981|r=0}}}} |
| Donkey Kong
| 1981 | {{sort|0280|$280 million}} (until 1982) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|280000000|1981|r=0}}}} |
| Asteroids
| 1979 | 136,437 (until 1999){{refn|Asteroids series:
|group=n}} | {{sort|0850|$850.79 million}} (until 1999){{refn|Asteroids series:
|group=n}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|850790000|1999|r=0}}}} |
| Virtua Fighter
| 1993 | {{sort|110|110,000+}}{{efn|Virtua Fighter series arcade unit sales:
}} | | |
| Golden Tee Golf
| 1989 | 100,000 (until 2011){{cite web |url = http://www.goldentee.com/gt/GT/TheGame/WhatIsGT/ |title = What is Golden Tee? |publisher = Incredible Technologies |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130111053415/http://www.goldentee.com/gt/GT/TheGame/WhatIsGT/ |archive-date = 11 January 2013}} | | |
| Data Carddass
| 2005 | 100,000 (until 2012){{cite news |title=Bandai's "Carddas" topped the total sales volume of 10 billion pieces |url=https://gigazine.net/gsc_news/en/20120329-bandai-carddass/ |work=GIGAZINE |date=March 29, 2012 |access-date=2 October 2021 |archive-date=3 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200903173432/https://gigazine.net/gsc_news/en/20120329-bandai-carddass/ |url-status=live }} | | |
| Tekken
| 1994 | {{sort|094|94,000+}}{{efn|Tekken series arcade unit sales:
}} | | |
| Defender
| 1981 | {{sort|085|85,000}} (until 2020){{refn|Defender series: |group=n}} | {{sort|1500|$1.5 billion}} (until 2020) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|1500000000|2002|r=0}}}} |
| Centipede
| 1981 | {{sort|0|65,978}} (until 1991){{refn|Centipede series:
Millipede: 9,990 |group=n}} | {{sort|0136.3|$136.3 million}} (until 1991){{refn|Centipede series:
Millipede: $20.669 million |group=n}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|136300000|1991|r=0}}}} |
| Mortal Kombat
| 1992 | {{sort|0|51,000}} (until 2002) | {{sort|1170|${{#expr:0.57+0.6}} billion}} (until 200) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|1170000000|2002|r=0}}}} |
| Galaxian
| 1979 | {{sort|045|50,986}} (in the US until 1988){{refn|Galaxian series:
|group=n}} | | |
| Pokémon arcade games
|2007 | |{{sort|0125|${{#expr:{{To USD|20000|JPN|year=2012}}+{{To USD|10000|JPN|year=2016}}+{{To USD|20000|JPN|year=2020}} round 0}} million}}+ (until 2021) |${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|536000000|2007|r=0}}}}+ |
| Starhorse
| 2000 | {{sort|038.734|38,734}} (until 2009){{refn|StarHorse series:
|group=n}} | {{sort|0191.501|$191.501 million}} (until 2012){{refn|Starhorse series, 2009–2011:
|group=n|name=StarHorse2}}
|group=n|name=StarHorse3}} |group=n}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|191501000|2000|r=0}}}} |
| Bemani
| 1997 | {{sort|035|35,000+}} (until 2000){{refn|Bemani series, sales:
|group=n}} | {{sort|0012.4|$12.4 million}} (until 1998) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|12400000|1997|r=0}}}} |
| Big Buck
| 2000 | {{sort|033.5|33,500}} (until 2010){{refn|Big Buck series:
|group=n}} | | |
| Mr. Do!
| 1982 | {{sort|030|30,000}} (in the US until 1982) | | |
| Dragon Quest: Monster Battle Road
| 2007 | | {{sort|0078.2|$78.2 million}} (until 2008) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|78200000|2007|r=0}}}} |
| Lord of Vermilion
| 2008 | | {{sort|0050.443|$50.443 million}} (until 2008) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|50443000|2008|r=0}}}} |
| Scramble
| 1981 | {{sort|027.473|27,473}} (until 1981) | | |
| Sega Network Mahjong
| 2000 | {{sort|025.986|25,986}} (until 2006){{refn|Sega Network Mahjong MJ series:
|group=n|name=MJ2}}
|group=n|name=MJ4Sales}} |group=n}} | {{sort|0081.87|$81.87 million}} (until 2012){{refn|Sega Network Mahjong MJ series, 2009–2012:
|group=n}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|81870000|2000|r=0}}}} |
| Darkstalkers
| 1994 | | |
| Pole Position
| 1982 | {{sort|0|24,550}} (in the US until 1983){{refn|Pole Position series US sales:
|group=n}} | {{sort|0077.9|$77.9 million}} (until 1988)
|group=n}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|77900000|1982|r=0}}}} |
| Dig Dug
| 1982 | {{sort|022.228|22,228}} (in the US until 1983) | {{sort|0046.3|$46.3 million}} (until 1983) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|46300000|1982|r=0}}}} |
| Pump It Up
| 1999 | {{sort|020|20,000}} (until 2005) | | |
| Breakout
| 1976 | {{sort|015.805|15,805}} (until 1999) | {{sort|0017.745|$17.745 million}} (until 1999) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|17745000|1999|r=0}}}} |
| Star Wars
| 1983 | {{sort|0|14,039}} (until 1991) | {{sort|0009.275|$9.275 million}} (until 1983) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|9275000|1991|r=0}}}} |
| Sprint
| 1976 | {{sort|014.027|14,027}} (until 1999) | {{sort|0028.729|$28.729 million}} (until 1999) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|28729000|1999|r=0}}}} |
| Mushiking
| 2003 | {{sort|013.5|13,500}} (until 2005) | {{sort|0530|$530 million}} (until 2007){{#tag:ref|Mushiking:
|group=n|name=Mushiking}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|530000000|2003|r=0}}}} |
| Sea Wolf
| 1976 | {{sort|0|14,000}} (until 2000) | | |
| Mahjong Fight Club
| 2002 | {{sort|013|13,000}} (until 2004) | | |
| Gauntlet
| 1985 | {{sort|0|11,368}} (until 1991) | {{sort|0020.41|$20.41 million}} (until 1991) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|20410000|1991|r=0}}}} |
| Love and Berry
| 2004 | {{sort|010.3|10,300}} (until 2006) | {{sort|0302.68|$302.68 million}} (until 2007){{#tag:ref|Love and Berry:
|group=n|name=LoveBerry}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|302680000|2004|r=0}}}} |
| Sangokushi Taisen
| 2005 | {{sort|009.929|9,929}} (until 2008){{refn|Sangokushi Taisen series:
|group=n|name=Sangokushi}}
|group=n}} | {{sort|0148.44|$148.44 million}} (until 2012){{refn|Sangokushi Taisen series, 2009–2011:
|group=n|name=Sangokushi3}}
|group=n|name=Sengoku}} |group=n}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|148440000|2005|r=0}}}} |
| Pong
| 1972 | {{sort|0011|$11 million}} (until 1973) | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|11000000|1973|r=0}}}} |
| Hard Drivin'
| 1989 | {{sort|006.843|6,843}} (until 1991) | {{sort|0022.9|$42.93 million}} (until 1991) | {{sort|0075.48|$75.48 million}} |
| Samba de Amigo
| 1999 | {{sort|003|3,000}} (until 2000) | {{sort|0047.11|$47.11 million}} (until 2000){{#tag:ref|Samba de Amigo: ¥3.84 billion |group=n|name=Samba}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|47110000|1999|r=0}}}} |
| Border Break
| 2009 | {{sort|002.998|2,998}} (until 2009) | {{sort|0107|$107 million}} (until 2012){{#tag:ref|Border Break:
|group=n|name=BorderBreak}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|107000000|2009|r=0}}}} |
| World Club Champion Football
| 2012 | {{sort|002.479|2,479}} (until 2015) | {{sort|0706.014|$706.014 million}} (until 2012){{#tag:ref|World Club Champion Football series, revenue:
|group=n|name=Intercontinental}} |group=n|name=wccf_revenue}} | ${{formatprice|{{inflation|US|706014000|2002|r=0}}}} |
See also
{{Portal|1970s|1980s|1990s|2000s|Video games}}
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Notes
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References
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External links
{{Commons category|Arcade games}}
- [http://arcade-museum.com/vaps/ The Video Arcade Preservation Society]
- [http://aa.arcade-museum.com/ Online collection of Automatic Age trade journals, 1925–1945]
- [https://jeuxarcades.com/best-cocktail-arcade-machines/ Collection of Cocktail Arcade Machines]
- [http://www.arcade-history.com/ Arcade History (Coin-Op Database)]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20100915164732/http://adangerousbusiness.com/2010/01/05/the-museum-of-soviet-video-games/ The Museum of Soviet Arcade Games] (blog article)
{{Video game platforms}}
{{Amusement arcade}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Arcade Game}}