Asuka Langley Soryu
{{Short description|Fictional character from Neon Genesis Evangelion}}
{{good article}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox character
| name = Asuka Langley Soryu
| series = Neon Genesis Evangelion
| image = Asukka13.jpg
| alt = Three forms of a red-haired female fictional character showing her child self (left), her with a red suit (middle), and her with a yellow dress (right)
| image_size = 197px
| caption = Asuka with her Eva-02 (in the background) as a child (left), as a pilot (center) and in civilian clothes (right)
| first = Neon Genesis Evangelion episode 8: "Asuka Strikes!" (1995)
| creator = Gainax (collectively)
| voice = Japanese:
Yūko Miyamura
English:
Tiffany Grant (ADV Films dub, Rebuild)
Stephanie McKeon (Netflix dub)
| full_name = Asuka Langley Soryu (Original)
Asuka Shikinami Langley (Rebuild)
| gender = Female
| species = Human
| title = Second Child
Captain (Rebuild)
| relatives = Kyoko Zeppelin Soryu (mother)
Ryoji Kaji (guardian)
Misato Katsuragi (guardian)
| nationality = American{{cite book|year=1997|title=The End of Evangelion Theatrical Pamphlet|publisher=Gainax|language=ja|quote=She is one quarter German and Japanese, but her nationality is American|chapter=惣流・アスカ・ラングレー}}{{Cite web |others=«Japanese: 日本と独国の血が入ったクォーターであり、国籍はアメリカ。 English: She is a Japanese-German blood quarter and her nationality is American.» |title=Characters glossary in Gainax website. |url=http://www.gainax.co.jp/anime/eva/chara.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918030722/http://www.gainax.co.jp/anime/eva/chara.html |archive-date=18 September 2015 |url-status=dead}}{{cite book|title=The Essential Evangelion Chronicle: Side B|language=fr|page=14|publisher=Glénat Editions|date=2010|isbn=978-2-7234-7121-3}}{{cite book |title=Evangelion Chronicle |volume=3 |page=6 |publisher=Sony Magazines |language=ja|others=«Japanese: 国籍アメリカ合衆国 - English: Nationality: United States of America»}}{{Cite book|title=Neon Genesis Evangelions The Master Guide 新世紀エヴァンゲリオン2ザ・マスターガイド|isbn=4-8402-2585-0|date=2003|publisher=MediaWorks|language=ja|chapter=惣流・アスカ・ラングレー|others=«Japanese: 日本人とドイツ人の血が入ったクォーターで、国籍はアメリカ。English: She is a quarter of Japanese and German blood, and her nationality is American».}}
}}
{{nihongo|Asuka Langley Soryu|惣流・アスカ・ラングレー|Sōryū Asuka Rangurē|{{IPA|ja|soːɾʲɯː asɯ̥ka ɾaŋɡɯɾeː|IPA}}}}{{efn|Her surname is romanized as Soryu in the English manga and Sohryu in the English version of the television series, the English version of the film, and on Gainax's website.}} is a fictional character from the Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise created by Gainax. She first appears in the original anime series, and also appears in the franchise's animated feature films and related media, including video games, the Rebuild of Evangelion films, and the manga adaptation by Yoshiyuki Sadamoto. In Japanese, Yūko Miyamura voices Asuka in all her animated appearances and merchandise. In English, Tiffany Grant voices her in the ADV Films dub and Stephanie McKeon voices her in the Netflix dub.
Within the franchise, Asuka is designated as the Second Child and the fiery pilot of a giant mecha named Evangelion Unit-02 to fight against enemies known as Angels for the special agency Nerv. Because of childhood trauma, she has developed a competitive and outgoing character to get noticed by other people and affirm her own self. In the Rebuild of Evangelion films, her Japanese surname is changed to {{nihongo|Shikinami|式波}} and she differs significantly in her background and characterization from her television series incarnation.
Series creator and director Hideaki Anno originally proposed her as the main protagonist of the series. Character designer Yoshiyuki Sadamoto asked Anno to include a male main character instead, downgrading her to the role of co-protagonist with Shinji Ikari. Anno based her psychology on his personality, bringing his moods into the character, acting instinctively and without having thought about how the character would evolve. During the first broadcast of the series, he changed his plans, creating an evolutionary parable in which Asuka becomes more dramatic and suffers, intentionally going against the expectations of the fans. The Japanese voice actress Miyamura was also influential, deciding some details and some of Asuka's lines.
Asuka maintained a high ranking in the series' popularity polls and has appeared in surveys to decide the most popular anime characters in Japan. Merchandising based on her has also been released, particularly action figures, which became highly popular. Some critics took issue with her hubris and her personality, judging these as tiresome and arrogant; others appreciated her realism and complex psychological introspection. Asuka is also one of the most successful and influential examples of the tsundere stereotype, characteristic of grumpy and arrogant characters with a fragile hidden side, helping to define its characteristics.
Conception
File:AsukaProposalDesgins.jpg, first published in 1993]]
In the early design stages of the Neon Genesis Evangelion anime, creator and director Hideaki Anno proposed including a girl similar to Asuka as the protagonist.{{cite book|script-title=ja:庵野秀明パラノ・エヴァンゲリオン|editor-last=Takekuma|editor-first=Kentaro|editor-link=Kentaro Takekuma|publisher=Ōta Shuppan|date=March 1997|isbn=4-87233-316-0|pages=134–135|language=ja}} Character designer Yoshiyuki Sadamoto proved reluctant to accept the idea of a female character in the lead role after Gainax's previous works like Gunbuster and Nadia: The Secret of Blue Water; he said: "A robot should be piloted by a trained person, whether it is a woman or not makes no difference, but I cannot understand why a girl should pilot a robot". He thus asked the director to use a boy in the role of main character, downgrading Asuka to the role of female co-protagonist. Sadamoto modeled the relationship between her and the male protagonist Shinji Ikari taking inspiration from Nadia and Jean from The Secret of Blue Water. Asuka should have represented "[Shinji's] desire for the female sex", as opposed to Rei Ayanami's "motherhood",{{cite magazine|title=Sadamoto Yoshiyuki Intabyū|script-title=ja:貞本義行インタビュー|trans-title=Yoshiyuki Sadamoto Interview|magazine=Newtype|date=December 1997|publisher=Kadokawa Shoten|language=ja|pages=26–29}} and should have been the idol of Neon Genesis Evangelion.Interview with Yoshiyuki Sadamoto in {{cite book|title=Der Mond: The Art of Yoshiyuki Sadamoto - Deluxe Edition|publisher=Kadokawa Shoten|year=1999|isbn=4-04-853031-3}} Anno also thought of her as Nadia La Arwal from The Secret of Blue Water with a different hairstyle.{{cite book|title=庵野秀明パラノ・エヴァンゲリオン|editor=Takekuma Kentaro|publisher=Ōta Shuppan|date=1997|isbn=4-87233-316-0|language=ja|page=99}} In the initial project, Asuka was described as "a determined girl" who adapts to the situation in which she finds herself, passionate about video games and "aspires to become like Ryoji Kaji".{{cite book|title=Evangelion Chronicle|volume=15|page=27|publisher=Sony Magazines|language=ja}} In the nineteenth episode, she would have had to be seriously injured in her attempt to protect Shinji, who would have thus "proved his worth" trying to save her.{{cite book|title=Neon Genesis Evangelion Theatrical VHS Box Booklet|language=ja|publisher=King Amusement Creative|date=1997}}{{cite book|author=Gainax|title=Neon Genesis Evangelion Newtype 100% Collection|date=February 1998|publisher=Kadokawa Shoten|language=ja|isbn=4-04-852700-2|pages=87–88}}
For the character's name, Anno took inspiration from {{nihongo|Asuka Saki|砂姫 明日香|Saki Asuka}}, the protagonist of the manga {{nihongo|Super Girl Asuka|超少女明日香|Chō Shōjo Asuka}}, written by Shinji Wada; for the surname, he merged the names of two ships used in the Second World War, the Japanese World War II aircraft carrier Soryu and the American aircraft carrier Langley.{{cite book|last1=Fujie|first1=Kazuhisa|last2=Foster|first2=Martin|title=Neon Genesis Evangelion: The Unofficial Guide|date=2004|publisher=DH Publishing, Inc.|location=United States|isbn=0-9745961-4-0|page=120}}{{cite web|last=Anno|first=Hideaki|url=http://www.gainax.co.jp/hills/anno/essay1.html|title=Essay|publisher=Gainax|date=November 2, 2000|access-date=June 12, 2017|language=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070220135947/http://www.gainax.co.jp/hills/anno/essay1.html|archive-date=February 20, 2007}} Despite her multi-ethnic origins, the staff made Asuka's skin the same color as that of Rei Ayanami.{{cite book|title=Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book|volume=7|language=ja|publisher=Kadokawa Shoten|page=67}} For the German language terms used in the scenes with Asuka, staff asked for help from an American employee of Gainax, Michael House, who exploited his basic knowledge of the language, acquired in high school, and a Japanese-German dictionary from a local library.{{cite web|access-date=January 20, 2021|url=https://www.gwern.net/docs/eva/2011-house|title=Interviewing translator Michael House|date=November 11, 2011 |archive-date=August 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824175245/https://www.gwern.net/docs/eva/2011-house|url-status=live|last1=House |first1=Michael }} According to Anime News Network's May Callum, Gainax did not pay attention to the dialogue's German grammar, believing the series would never be successful enough to be watched by native German speakers.{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/feature/2018-03-02/the-indestructible-studio-gainax-part-iii/.128475|title=The Indestructible Studio Gainax: Part III|last=May|first=Callum|date=March 2, 2018|publisher=Anime News Network|access-date=January 20, 2021|archive-date=June 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628053718/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/feature/2018-03-02/the-indestructible-studio-gainax-part-iii/.128475|url-status=live}}
For Asuka's psychology, Anno relied on his personality, as with the other characters in the series.{{cite book|script-title=ja:ヱヴァンゲリヲン新劇場版:破 全記録全集|date=2010|publisher=Ground Works|isbn=978-4-905033-00-4|language=ja|script-chapter=ja:鶴巻 和哉 interview|pages=323–351}}{{cite magazine|script-title=ja:EVA SPECIAL TALK with 庵野秀明+上野俊哉|magazine=Newtype|date=November 1996|language=ja|publisher=Kadokawa Shoten}} Staff originally inserted her after the first six episodes to lighten the tones of the series. She was presented with an exhilarating personality without foreshadowing her eventual depressing moments in the latter half. Anno said that he didn't intend to go "that far" at first and that he didn't completely grasp the character of Asuka until he made her "Are you stupid?" (あんたバカ?, Anta baka?) catchphrase, with which the character was definitively born.{{cite journal|script-title=ja:あんた、バカぁと、言われてみたい。(庵野秀明、宮村優子)|language=ja|date=July 1996|journal=Animage|publisher=Tokuma Shoten}} During the series's first airing, the director began to criticize otaku, Japanese obsessed animation fans, accusing them of being excessively closed and introverted; therefore, he changed the atmosphere of the second half of the series, making the plot darker, violent, and introspective. Asuka's story reflected the changes: although she had been introduced in an essentially positive role, her character became increasingly dramatic and introverted, going against the expectations and the pleasure principle of anime fans.{{cite magazine|last=Woznicki|first=Krystian|date=1997|title=Towards a cartography of Japanese anime: Hideaki Anno's "Evangelion"|magazine=Blimp Film Magazine|issue=36|pages=18–26|url=http://amsterdam.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-9802/msg00101.html|access-date=January 20, 2021|archive-date=October 23, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023060845/http://amsterdam.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-9802/msg00101.html|url-status=live}}{{cite journal|script-title=ja:新世紀エヴァンゲリオン』をめぐって(庵野秀明×東浩紀)|journal=Studio Voice|publisher=INFAS|language=ja|date=October 1996}} In the twenty-second episode, Anno focused on Asuka's emotional situation, harassed by her first menstrual cycle, but not considering himself capable of exploring such a feminine theme, he condensed everything into a single scene.{{cite book|script-chapter=ja:庵野秀明 – Part II|title=Zankoku na tenshi no you ni|publisher=Magazine Magazine|date=1997|isbn=4-906011-25-X}}
Miyamura's interpretation was also important for Asuka's characterization. During the production of the last episodes Anno inserted scenes in which staff represented Asuka with simple hand-drawn sketches, remaining satisfied with the result, saying: "After having drawn Asuka with a marker, as soon as Yuko Miyamura gave it her voice, it was more Asuka than ever".{{cite magazine|script-title=ja:EVA, 再擧 庵野秀明 Special Interview|magazine=Newtype|date=June 1996|publisher=Kadokawa Shoten|pages=10–15|language=ja}} Furthermore, the author's original intent was to insert a long live action segment for the film The End of Evangelion (1997) centered on the character.{{cite web|url=http://style.fm/as/05_column/animesama62.shtml|script-title=ja:第62回 エヴァ雑記「第26話 まごころを、君に」|language=ja|access-date=January 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102233624/http://style.fm/as/05_column/animesama62.shtml|archive-date=January 2, 2021|url-status=live}} The original segment focused on a normal day of Asuka, who would wake up in an apartment after drinking and spend the night with Tōji Suzuhara, with whom she would embark on a sexual and sentimental relationship. Misato Katsuragi would have been the roommate in the apartment next to her; Rei Ayanami would have been her colleague and her senpai. In the alternate universe of live action, Shinji would never have existed; walking the streets of Tokyo-2, however, Asuka would hear his voice calling her.{{cite AV media|language=ja|title=Renewal of Evangelion Extras|date=2003|publisher=King Amusement Creative}}{{cite book|language=ja|editor=Gainax|title=Data of Evangelion|date=2003|pages=84–89}}
= Voice =
== ''Neon Genesis Evangelion'' ==
File:Yuko Miyamura by Gage Skidmore (cropped).jpg{{cite book|title=Neon Genesis Evangelion 3-in-1 Edition|chapter=A Place For Asuka in the Heart|author=Yūko Miyamura|author-link=Yūko Miyamura|volume=2|pages=182–183|language=en|date=2013|publisher=Viz Media LLC |isbn=978-1-4215-5305-4}}
Yūko Miyamura voices Asuka's character in all her appearances in the original series, and the later films, spin-offs, video games,{{cite web|url=http://www.gainax.co.jp/soft/koutetsu2/report.html|title=鋼鉄のガールフレンド 2nd – Report|language=ja|access-date=April 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009160400/http://www.gainax.co.jp/soft/koutetsu2/report.html|archive-date=October 9, 2007|publisher=Gainax|website=Gainax.co.jp}}{{cite web|url=http://www.broccoli.co.jp/game/meitantei_eva/sp/|script-title=ja:惣流・アスカ・ラングレー役の声優 宮村優子さんへのアフレコインタビュー!|language=ja|access-date=March 31, 2017|publisher=BROCCOLI|website=Broccoli.co.jp|archive-date=April 22, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422094947/http://www.broccoli.co.jp/game/meitantei_eva/sp/|url-status=live}} and the Rebuild of Evangelion film series. The only exception is an introspective scene from the twenty-second episode, when other female members of the cast replace the character's voice during a metaphysical sequence.{{cite book|title=Neon Genesis Evangelion Platinum Edition Booklets|volume=6|publisher=A.D. Vision|date=2005}} Miyamura had originally auditioned for the role of Rei,{{Cite web|date=October 4, 2021|title=Khara_inc|url=https://twitter.com/khara_inc/status/1312610900302413825|url-status=live|access-date=May 2, 2021|website=Twitter|language=en|archive-date=April 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411154420/https://twitter.com/khara_inc/status/1312610900302413825}} but staff felt her voice was too energetic, so she was offered Asuka instead.{{Cite news|date=May 23, 2021|title=今のアスカとして言いたいことを全部言えた――「シン・エヴァンゲリオン劇場版」式波・アスカ・ラングレー役宮村優子インタビュー|url=https://webnewtype.com/report/article/1033825/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-08-11|website=WebNewtype|language=ja|archive-date=October 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019024937/https://webnewtype.com/report/article/1033825/}}
According to Miyamura, Asuka's dubbing proved difficult. She said she wished to "erase Evangelion" and forget her experience with it.{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interview/2011-04-06/with-yuko-miyamura-smash-2010|title=Interview with Yūko Miyamura – SMASH 2010|date=April 5, 2011|publisher=Anime News Network|access-date=January 21, 2021|archive-date=April 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412154238/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interview/2011-04-06/with-yuko-miyamura-smash-2010|url-status=live}} Towards the end of the first broadcast, Miyamura suffered from bulimia and found herself in a disastrous psychic state, similar to that of Asuka's character.{{cite journal|title=Two Big Anime Movies this Summer!|journal=Nikkei Entertainment|date=August 1997|language=ja}} After the release of the movie The End of Evangelion (1997) she said, "I think I had a kamikaze feeling during the voice-over".{{cite book|title=The End of Evangelion Theatrical Pamphlet|date=July 19, 1997|publisher=Gainax|language=ja|script-chapter=ja:声ノ出演}} The voice actress identified herself so much with the character she took a conversation course in German, decided some of the character's lines, and Asuka's details, such as the cloth puppet in the shape of a monkey featured in her childhood flashbacks.{{cite book|title=Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book|volume=8|language=ja|publisher=Kadokawa Shoten|page=52}}{{cite book|script-title=ja:EVA友の会|script-chapter=ja:CASTから一声|volume=4|language=ja|date=1997}} One of her ideas was the German sentences Asuka utters in the twenty-second episode of the series in a telephone conversation with her stepmother.{{cite book|title=Neon Genesis Evangelion Film Book|volume=8|language=ja|publisher=Kadokawa Shoten|page=43}}
When dubbing the last scene of The End of Evangelion, in which Shinji strangles Asuka, Shinji's voice actress Megumi Ogata physically imitated his gesture and strangled her colleague. Because of her agitation, Ogata squeezed her neck too hard, risking having her not properly recite the rest of the film's lines.{{cite web|url=http://www.akadot.com/story.php?id=31|title=Rocking the Boat|date=April 27, 2001|publisher=Akadot|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080623173408/http://www.akadot.com/story.php?id=31|archive-date=June 23, 2008|access-date=January 22, 2021}} With Ogata's gesture, Miyamura could finally produce realistic sounds of strangulation and thanked her colleague for her availability.{{cite web|url=http://www.ravemagazine.com.au/content/view/23801/192|title=Gold Coast Film Festival – Yuko Miyamura Interview|date=November 9, 2012|publisher=Rave Magazine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121119070329/http://www.ravemagazine.com.au/content/view/23801/192|archive-date=November 19, 2012|access-date=January 21, 2021}} Anno based the scene on an incident that happened to one of his female friends. She was strangled by a malicious man, but when she was about to be killed, she stroked him for no reason. When the man stopped squeezing her neck, the woman regained a cold attitude,{{cite book|script-title=ja:井手功二のエヴァンゲリオンフォーエヴァー|date=September 1997|publisher=Amuse Books|language=ja|chapter=VOICE OF EVANGELION|isbn=4-906613-24-1}} speaking the words that Asuka would have said to Shinji in the original script: {{nihongo|"I can't stand the idea of being killed by someone like you"|あんたなんかに殺されるのは真っ平よ|}}.{{cite book|script-title=ja:新世紀エヴァンゲリオン 劇場版 絵コンテ集|publisher=Kadokawa Shoten|date=1998|language=ja|isbn=4-04-904290-8|page=841}}{{cite book|title=Neon Genesis Evangelion: The Feature Film - DTS Collector's Edition Booklet|page=15|date=2009|language=it|publisher=Dynit}}
Dissatisfied with Miyamura's interpretation of the original last line, Anno asked her to imagine a stranger sneaking into her room, who could rape her at any time, but who prefers to masturbate by watching her sleep. The director asked her what she would say about this if she woke up suddenly, noticing what had happened. Miyamura, disgusted by the scene, replied saying {{nihongo|"Kimochi warui"|気持ち 悪い||"How disgusting" or "I feel sick"}}. After the conversation, Anno changed the line by echoing the voice actress's reaction.{{cite AV media|script-title=ja:BSアニメ夜話|date=March 28, 2005|publisher=Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai|language=ja}}