Bark isolate
Image:CinnamonBarkEssentialOil2.png
Bark isolates are chemicals which have been extracted from bark. Prominent medical examples are salicylic acid (active metabolite of aspirin) and paclitaxel (Taxol). The pharmacology of bark isolates is an ongoing topic of medical research.
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| scope="col" style="width: 70px;" | Isolate
! scope="col" style="width: 70px;" | Bark source ! scope="col" width="80px" | Researched activity |
|---|
| Paclitaxel, taxanes
| Taxus | style="text-align: center;" | chemotherapeutic |
| Paeonol
| Paeonia suffruticosa{{cite journal |vauthors=Cai J, Chen S, Zhang W, Hu S, Lu J, Xing J, etal | title=Paeonol reverses paclitaxel resistance in human breast cancer cells by regulating the expression of transgelin 2. | journal=Phytomedicine | year= 2014 | volume= 21| issue= 7| pages= 984–91| pmid=24680370 | doi=10.1016/j.phymed.2014.02.012 | url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24680370 }} | style="text-align: center;" | various |
| Honokiol, 4-O-methylhonokiol, magnolol, obovatol
| Magnolia | style="text-align: center;" | neurotrophic & anti-inflammatory |
| Salicylic acid
| style="text-align: center;" | antipyretic, analgesic |
| Yohimbine, corynanthine, ajmalicine, rauwolscine
| west African evergreen | style="text-align: center;" | MAOI, stimulant |
| beta-carbolines, harmala alkaloids
| numerous | style="text-align: center;" | MAOI |
| Cinnamon, camphor, cinnamaldehyde
| style="text-align: center;" | blood sugar stabilizer, antioxidant |
| Quinine, quinidine, cinchonidine, cinchonine
| Cinchona | style="text-align: center;" | antipyretic, analgesic, antimalarial |
| Safrole
| style="text-align: center;" | |
| Huáng bǎi
| Amur cork tree (Phellodendron amurense) | style="text-align: center;" | TCM |
| Strictamine
| style="text-align: center;" | |
| | Slippery Elm (Ulmus rubra)
| style="text-align: center;" | demulcent |
| Geniposidic acid
| style="text-align: center;" | |
| N-methyltryptamine, serotonin analogs
| numerous species from Brazil, Mexico, Taiwan | style="text-align: center;" | serotonin agonist, neuroimmunologic modulator |
| Quassin
| style="text-align: center;" | various |
| Celastrol
| Tripterygium wilfordii{{cite journal|vauthors=Yang H, Chen D, Cui QC, Yuan X, Dou QP | title=Celastrol, a triterpene extracted from the Chinese "Thunder of God Vine," is a potent proteasome inhibitor and suppresses human prostate cancer growth in nude mice. | journal=Cancer Res | year= 2006 | volume= 66 | issue= 9 | pages= 4758–65 | pmid=16651429 | doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4529 | url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16651429 | doi-access= }} | style="text-align: center;" | various |
| Mitraphylline
| Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) | style="text-align: center;" | anti-inflammatory |
| Ellagic acid, rutin, gallic acid, ethyl gallate{{cite journal|vauthors=Lou KQ, Tang WZ, Wang XJ | title=[Study on chemical constituents from flowers of Ailanthus altissima]. | journal=Zhong Yao Cai | year= 2012 | volume= 35 | issue= 10 | pages= 1605–7 | pmid=23627124 | url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23627124 }}
| style="text-align: center;" | various |
| Coronaridine, voacangine, ibogamine, ibogaine, tabernanthine
| Voacanga africana, Tabernanthe iboga | style="text-align: center;" | neuroimmunologic modulator |
| Lapachol, quercetin
| Pau D'Arco (Handroanthus impetiginosus) | style="text-align: center;" | therapeutic naphthoquinone |
| Icariin
| Eucommia | style="text-align: center;" | PDE5 inhibitor |
| Baicalin
| style="text-align: center;" | prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor |
| Frankincense, incensole
| style="text-align: center;" | incensole is a TRPV3 agonist |
| QS21
| Quillaja saponaria (soap bark tree) | style="text-align: center;" | potential immunologic adjuvant |
| Sandalwood oil, α-Santalol, β-Santalol
| Sandalwood (Santalum) | style="text-align: center;" | Ayurvedic component |
| Bergenin, α-viniferin, ε-viniferin, diptoindonesin A
| Bergenia ligulata, Dryobalanops aromatica, Mallotus japonicus | style="text-align: center;" | component of Ayurvedic medicine "Paashaanbhed" |
| Phenolic lactones
| style="text-align: center;" | component of Bolivian traditional medicine |
| Erythravine
| style="text-align: center;" | Brazilian medicinal plant |
| Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory compounds
| Psidium guajava (Guava tree) | style="text-align: center;" | component of traditional medicine |
| Perfume resin
| Agarwood / Oud Wood | style="text-align: center;" | aromatherapy |
| Opopanax, balsam, bdellium, bisabol
| Myrrh (Commiphora) | style="text-align: center;" | component of Eastern-Mediterranean, Middle-Eastern, and North-African, traditional medicine |
| Rotenoids, piscidone
| Jamaican dogwood (Piscidia piscipula) | style="text-align: center;" | component of Caribbean traditional medicine |