Bihać

{{div col|colwidth=10em}}

• Bajrići
• Brekovica
• Bugar
• Ćukovi
• Doljani
• Donja Gata
• Dubovsko
• Gorjevac
• Grabež
• Grmuša
• Hrgar
• Izačić
• Jezero
• Kalati
• Kulen Vakuf
• Lohovo
• Lohovska Brda
• Mala Peća
• Mali Skočaj
• Međudražje
• Muslići
• Ostrovica
• Papari
• Praščijak
• Pritoka
• Račić
• Rajinovci
• Ripač
• Spahići
• Srbljani
• Velika Gata
• Veliki Skočaj
• Veliki Stjenjani
• Vikići
• Vrsta
• Zavalje i Zlopoljac

{{div col end}}

According to documents and historical sources, the first medieval urban settlements and towns around the Una river, began to appear in the middle of the 13th century. Bihać, as the centre of Pounje, was first mentioned on 26 February 1260, in the charter of Hungarian King Bela IV, and was described as a town built on the river's Island of St. Ladislav, owned by the Benedictine abbey of Topusko. Just two years later, in 1262, Bela proclaimed Bihać a royal free city and placed it under the direct authority of the Hungarian throne, with all rights and privileges pertaining thereto, which ensured its ability to develop completely independent from the political powers of local lords.

The following mention in the charter of 1271 confirms that Bihać at that time enjoyed the status of a free city. At the head of the municipality was the town elder or major villae, who was often called a judge, and whose decision could only be changed by the king. Bihać also had a curia or magistrates, an assembly of local citizens who took the oath of office for this duty, and notaries who kept court and other civil records.{{cite book |author1=Mladen Ančić |title=Glasnik arhiva i Društva arhivskih radnika Bosne i Hercegovine |date=1985 |publisher=Društvo arhivskih radnika Bosne i Hercegovine |pages=193–230 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8y5mAAAAMAAJ |access-date=27 October 2020 |language=sh |chapter=Bihaćki kraj od 1262. do početka XV stoljeća }}{{cite book |last1=Franjić |first1=Živko |title=Povijest Bihaća: od najstarijih vremena do 1878. godine |date=1999 |publisher=Napredak |page=7 |isbn=9789958943102 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dHdpAAAAMAAJ |access-date=27 October 2020 |language=hr }}{{cite thesis |last1=Stanić |first1=Damir |title=Bihać kao sjedište Bihaćke kapetanije i slobodni kraljevski grad |url=https://repozitorij.ffzg.unizg.hr/islandora/object/ffzg:1741/ |publisher=University of Zagreb. University of Zagreb, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences. Department of History |access-date=27 October 2020 |language=hr |date=5 May 2020 |doi=10.17234/diss.2020.7151 |type=info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |doi-access=free |archive-date=31 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031085646/https://repozitorij.ffzg.unizg.hr/islandora/object/ffzg:1741/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=https://www.fmks.gov.ba/download/zzs/1953/1-1953.pdf |author=Hamdija Kreševljaković |title=Stari bosanski gradovi. Vieux bourgs bosniaques |page=30 |access-date=11 November 2019 |language=bs |archive-date=18 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918200755/https://www.fmks.gov.ba/download/zzs/1953/1-1953.pdf |url-status=live }}

In 1530 Austria sent troops to defend seven key strongholds in Croatia, one of them was Bihać and another the nearby Ripač.{{cite book |author1-link=James Tracy (historian) |first=James D. |last=Tracy |date=2016 |title=Habsburg Croatia, Ottoman Bosnia, and Venetian Dalmatia, 1499–1617 }}{{rp|113}} The Ottomans occupied Bihać in 1592 after Siege of Bihać (1592) and from that time Bihać was the most important forts in Bosnia until the 19th century.{{cite web |url=https://www.fmks.gov.ba/download/zzs/1953/1-1953.pdf |author=Hamdija Kreševljaković |title=Stari bosanski gradovi. Vieux bourgs bosniaques |page=31 |access-date=11 November 2019 |language=bs |archive-date=18 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918200755/https://www.fmks.gov.ba/download/zzs/1953/1-1953.pdf |url-status=live }} Ottoman rule was briefly interrupted by Auguste Marmont, general-governor of Illyrian Provinces on 5 May 1810.{{cite web |url=https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/MitKuKKriegsArch_1892_Supplement/?pg=33&layout=s |series=Supplement |date=1892 |title=Kriegs-Chronik Oesterreich-Ungarns. Military leader on the war of the monarchy. III. Theil. The southern war zone in the lands of the Hungarian crown, in Dalmatia and Bosnia The field in Croatia and Dalmatia in 1813 and 1814 |access-date=10 July 2020 |archive-date=13 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200713034545/https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/MitKuKKriegsArch_1892_Supplement/?pg=33&layout=s |url-status=live }} He sought to prevent Ottomans from raiding French Croatia and finishing the Ottoman occupation of Cetin. After fulfilling these goals, he withdrew from Bihac. Ottoman rule in Bihac ended de facto after the Congress of Berlin.

During World War II, the town was occupied by Axis troops and was included into Pavelić's Independent State of Croatia (NDH). The fascist Ustashe regime committed the Genocide of the Serbs and the Holocaust. From July to September 1941, some 15,000 Serbs were massacred along with some Jews and Roma victims by the Ustaše at the Garavice, an extermination location near Bihać. When the German and Italian Zones of Influence were revised on 24 June 1942, Bihać fell in {{ill|Zone III (NDH)|lt=Zone III|hr|Treća zona (NDH)}}, administered civilly by Croatia and militarily by Croatia and Germany.{{sfn|Trgo|1964|p=341}} The town was the capital of a short-lived territory, the Bihać Republic, for two months in late 1942 and early 1943, until it was recaptured by German forces.{{cite web |title=Grad Bihać |url=https://www.bihac.org/en/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212205621/http://www.bihac.org/en/history |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=19 November 2019 |language=en }} From 1943 Judita Alargić served near to Bihać as an instructor of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia.{{Cite web |date=11 October 2016 |title=PARTIZANKE, ŽENE KOJE SU SE BORILE PROTIV FAŠIZMA I PATRIJARHATA – Balkan Breaking News |url=http://balkanbreakingnews.com/2016/06/01/partizanke-zene-koje-su-se-borile-protiv-fasizma-i-patrijarhata/ |access-date=3 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011092304/http://balkanbreakingnews.com/2016/06/01/partizanke-zene-koje-su-se-borile-protiv-fasizma-i-patrijarhata/ |archive-date=11 October 2016 }}{{Cite book |title=Југословенски савременици : Ко је ко у Југославији |publisher=Хронометар [Chronometer] |year=1970 |language=SR |trans-title=Yugoslav contemporaries: Who is who in Yugoslavia }}{{Cite book |last=Vujačić |first=Rada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UFUrAAAAMAAJ&q=%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5+%D1%83+%D0%9D%D0%9E%D0%91 |title=Žene Srbije u NOB |date=1975 |publisher=Nolit |pages=191, 205, 527 |language=sr }} Bihać returned to Bosnian territory on 28 March 1945.

Bihać was besieged for three years from 1992 to 1995 during the Bosnian War.{{cite news |title=Weary Bihac cries with joy as siege ends |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/weary-bihac-cries-with-joy-as-siege-ends-1595403.html |work=The Independent |date=9 August 1995 |access-date=25 January 2010 |archive-date=29 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629132252/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/weary-bihac-cries-with-joy-as-siege-ends-1595403.html |url-status=live }}

Pecat i grb Bihaca iz XIV st.jpg|The Seal and Armorial Bearings of Bihać town from the 14th century.

The siege of Bihać in 1592.jpg|Siege of Bihać in 1592

Bihac 1686.jpg|Bihac fortress (Wihitsch), 1686

Bihac_kavana_paviljon.png|Coffee pavilion in Bihac, {{Circa|1900}}

Bihac_Orthodox_Church_and_Medresa.jpg|Bihac Orthodox Church and Medresa, {{Circa|1910}}

Domky v Bihaći.jpg|Rural houses in Bihac, {{Circa|1930}}

Partisans in Bihać 1942.jpg|Partisans in Bihać, 1942

First session of the AVNOJ in Bihać.jpg|First session of the AVNOJ in Bihać, 1942

File:Bihac_Inner_City.jpg

According to the 2013 census, the city of Bihać has a population of 56,261 inhabitants.

The ethnic composition of the municipality:

In the 1991 population census in Bosnia and Herzegovina the ethnic composition of the municipality was 46,737 Bosniaks, 12,689 Serbs, 5,580 Croats, 4,356 Yugoslavs and 1,370 Others.{{cite web |url=http://fzs.ba/index.php/popis-stanovnistva/popis-stanovnistva-1991-i-stariji/ |title=Popis stanovništva 1991 – Federalni zavod za statistiku |website=fzs.ba |access-date=16 December 2023 |archive-date=16 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216205036/http://fzs.ba/index.php/popis-stanovnistva/popis-stanovnistva-1991-i-stariji/ |url-status=live }}

According to the 2013 census, the religious makeup of Bihać includes:

• 49,550 Islam (88.01%)
• 3,265 Catholic (5.08%)
• 910 Orthodox (1.62%)
• 2,536 others (4.47%)

{{Weather box

| location = Bihać (1961–1990, extremes 1949–present)

| metric first = Y

| single line = Y

| width = auto

| Jan record high C = 21.2

| Feb record high C = 24.2

| Mar record high C = 27.2

| Apr record high C = 30.8

| May record high C = 33.7

| Jun record high C = 38.9

| Jul record high C = 41.2

| Aug record high C = 42.0

| Sep record high C = 36.1

| Oct record high C = 31.5

| Nov record high C = 26.6

| Dec record high C = 21.0

| year record high C = 42.0

| Jan high C = 4.0

| Feb high C = 6.5

| Mar high C = 11.2

| Apr high C = 16.3

| May high C = 21.0

| Jun high C = 24.2

| Jul high C = 26.7

| Aug high C = 26.2

| Sep high C = 22.6

| Oct high C = 16.9

| Nov high C = 10.6

| Dec high C = 5.3

| year high C = 15.9

| Jan mean C = 0.3

| Feb mean C = 2.3

| Mar mean C = 6.1

| Apr mean C = 10.7

| May mean C = 15.1

| Jun mean C = 18.3

| Jul mean C = 20.1

| Aug mean C = 19.3

| Sep mean C = 15.9

| Oct mean C = 11.3

| Nov mean C = 6.3

| Dec mean C = 1.7

| year mean C = 10.6

| Jan low C = -3.7

| Feb low C = -1.7

| Mar low C = 1.2

| Apr low C = 5.1

| May low C = 9.1

| Jun low C = 12.2

| Jul low C = 13.3

| Aug low C = 13.0

| Sep low C = 10.3

| Oct low C = 6.5

| Nov low C = 2.3

| Dec low C = -1.9

| year low C = 5.5

| Jan record low C = -24.8

| Feb record low C = -29.2

| Mar record low C = -21.0

| Apr record low C = -5.4

| May record low C = -3.3

| Jun record low C = 1.4

| Jul record low C = 4.4

| Aug record low C = 3.6

| Sep record low C = -2.4

| Oct record low C = -7.0

| Nov record low C = -18.0

| Dec record low C = -18.2

| year record low C = -29.2

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 85.8

| Feb precipitation mm = 90.8

| Mar precipitation mm = 99.2

| Apr precipitation mm = 115.0

| May precipitation mm = 116.3

| Jun precipitation mm = 109.0

| Jul precipitation mm = 105.9

| Aug precipitation mm = 109.5

| Sep precipitation mm = 107.9

| Oct precipitation mm = 109.6

| Nov precipitation mm = 146.2

| Dec precipitation mm = 113.6

| year precipitation mm = 1308.8

| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 13.8

| Feb precipitation days = 14.3

| Mar precipitation days = 14.5

| Apr precipitation days = 14.6

| May precipitation days = 14.2

| Jun precipitation days = 14.0

| Jul precipitation days = 10.1

| Aug precipitation days = 10.5

| Sep precipitation days = 10.0

| Oct precipitation days = 12.2

| Nov precipitation days = 14.2

| Dec precipitation days = 15.0

| year precipitation days = 157.4

| unit snow days = 1.0 cm

| Jan snow days = 16.2

| Feb snow days = 13.4

| Mar snow days = 8.4

| Apr snow days = 1.2

| May snow days = 0.0

| Jun snow days = 0.0

| Jul snow days = 0.0

| Aug snow days = 0.0

| Sep snow days = 0.0

| Oct snow days = 0.2

| Nov snow days = 5.0

| Dec snow days = 13.1

| year snow days = 57.5

| Jan humidity = 79.8

| Feb humidity = 76.7

| Mar humidity = 70.6

| Apr humidity = 66.7

| May humidity = 68.9

| Jun humidity = 70.5

| Jul humidity = 69.3

| Aug humidity = 73.1

| Sep humidity = 76.5

| Oct humidity = 77.6

| Nov humidity = 78.9

| Dec humidity = 80.6

| year humidity = 74.1

| Jan sun = 58.3

| Feb sun = 74.0

| Mar sun = 125.4

| Apr sun = 152.1

| May sun = 202.1

| Jun sun = 219.7

| Jul sun = 265.6

| Aug sun = 228.2

| Sep sun = 171.6

| Oct sun = 117.4

| Nov sun = 73.2

| Dec sun = 50.3

| year sun = 1737.9

| source 1 = Meteorological Institute of Bosnia and Herzegovina{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501012746/http://atlasklime.fhmzbih.gov.ba/en/data-access/reference-period/1 |archive-date=1 May 2018 |url=http://atlasklime.fhmzbih.gov.ba/en/data-access/reference-period/1 |title=Meteorlogical data for station Bihać in period 1961–1990 |publisher=Meteorological Institute of Bosnia and Herzegovina |access-date=30 April 2018 }}{{cite web |url=http://climaintoscana.altervista.org/europa/bosnia-ed-erzegovina/bihac/ |title=Bihać: Record mensili dal 1949 |publisher=Meteorological Institute of Bosnia and Herzegovina |language=it |access-date=10 November 2019 }}

}}

The agricultural sector is significant, due to the large and fertile soil.{{Citation |author=Arnautovic, Marija |date=21 September 2012 |title=Bosnian Town Preserves Coexistence Legacy: Bihać is one of the few places where conflict failed to drive a wedge between communities |publisher=Institute for War and Peace Reporting |volume=TRI Issue 757 |url=http://iwpr.net/report-news/bosnian-town-preserves-coexistence-legacy |access-date=27 December 2015 |archive-date=29 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729093603/http://iwpr.net/report-news/bosnian-town-preserves-coexistence-legacy |url-status=dead }}

• Mehmed Alajbegović, politician and lawyer
• Mersada Bećirspahić, basketball player
• Christopher Corvinus (Christopher Hunyadi, 1499–1505), Prince of Hungary and the last male member of the Hungarian Royal House of Hunyadi
• Zlatko Dedić, Slovenian footballer
• Ferid Džanić, World War II Axis soldier (SS Handschar Division)
• Nihad Hasanović, writer and translator
• Alen Islamović, singer, lead vocalist of the bands Divlje Jagode and Bijelo Dugme
• Azra Kolaković, singer
• Zele Lipovača, musician, leading member of Divlje Jagode
• Irfan Ljubijankić, facial surgeon, classical music composer, politician and diplomat of Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Dejan Matić, singer
• Saša Matić, pop singer
• Džanan Musa, basketball player, European U16 champion
• Milan Muškatirović, water polo goalkeeper and professor of organic chemistry
• Saša Radulović, Serbian engineer, politician and former Minister of Economy
• Branka Raunig, archaeologist and museum curator
• Faruk Šehić, poet
• Borislav Stanković, Serbian basketball player, coach and secretary General of FIBA

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina}}

Bihać is twinned with:

{{div col|colwidth=20em}}

• {{flagicon|ITA}} Bondeno, Italy{{cite web |title=Bihac, gemellaggio che non va ma non per colpa nostra |url=https://lanuovaferrara.gelocal.it/ferrara/cronaca/2016/03/21/news/bihac-gemellaggio-che-non-va-ma-non-per-colpa-nostra-1.13171114 |website=lanuovaferrara.gelocal.it |publisher=La Nuova Ferrara |language=it |date=22 March 2016 |access-date=28 December 2020 }}
• {{flagicon|SRB}} Kikinda, Serbia{{cite web |title=Братски градови |url=http://www.kikinda.org.rs/index.php?language=cir&page=ogradu&option=bratskigradovi |website=kikinda.org.rs |publisher=Kikinda |language=sr |access-date=28 December 2020 }}
• {{flagicon|TUR}} Kuşadası, Turkey{{cite web |title=Kardeş Şehirler |url=https://www.kusadasi.bel.tr/kurumsal/kurum/kardes-sehirler |website=kusadasi.bel.tr |publisher=Kuşadası |language=tr |access-date=28 December 2020 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201122745/https://www.kusadasi.bel.tr/kurumsal/kurum/kardes-sehirler |url-status=dead }}
• {{flagicon|HUN}} Nagykanizsa, Hungary{{cite web |title=Testvérvárosok |url=https://www.nagykanizsa.hu/varos/testvervarosok |website=nagykanizsa.hu |publisher=Nagykanizsa |language=hu |access-date=28 December 2020 |archive-date=25 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125110808/https://nagykanizsa.hu/varos/testvervarosok |url-status=live }}
• {{flagicon|SVN}} Novo Mesto, Slovenia{{cite web |title=Mednarodno |url=https://www.novomesto.si/o-novem-mestu/mednarodno/ |website=novomesto.si |publisher=Mestna občina Novo Mesto |language=sl |access-date=28 December 2020 |archive-date=24 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224204454/https://novomesto.si/o-novem-mestu/mednarodno/ |url-status=live }}
• {{flagicon|ROU}} Reșița, Romania{{cite web |title=Orașe înfrățite |url=http://www.primaria-resita.ro/portal/cs/resita/portal.nsf/AllByUNID/orase-infratite-00004426?OpenDocument |website=primaria-resita.ro |publisher=Reșița |language=ro |access-date=28 December 2020 |archive-date=20 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120010855/http://www.primaria-resita.ro/portal/cs/resita/portal.nsf/AllByUNID/orase-infratite-00004426?OpenDocument |url-status=dead }}
• {{flagicon|FRA}} Villefranche-de-Rouergue, France{{cite web |title=Villefranche-de-Rouergue. Le jumelage avec Sarzana encore bien actif |url=https://www.ladepeche.fr/article/2018/09/15/2868994-le-jumelage-avec-sarzana-encore-bien-actif.html |website=ladepeche.fr |publisher=La Depeche |language=fr |date=15 September 2018 |access-date=28 December 2020 |archive-date=24 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324160623/https://www.ladepeche.fr/article/2018/09/15/2868994-le-jumelage-avec-sarzana-encore-bien-actif.html |url-status=live }}
• {{flagicon|TUR}} Kartepe, Turkey
• {{flagicon|CRO}} Gospić, Croatia

{{div col end}}

• Fethija mosque
• Turbe Mausoleum
• Siege of Bihać (disambiguation)
• University of Bihać, opened in 1997
• NK Jedinstvo Bihać, local soccer club
• Željava Air Base
• Bihać Republic
• Una National Park
• Bihać Oblast

• Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991.

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite book |date=1964 |editor-first=Fabijan |editor-last=Trgo |title=Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o Narodno-oslobodilačkom ratu Jugoslovenskih naroda |volume=V,32 |url=https://znaci.org/zb/4_5_32.htm}}

{{Commons category|Bihać}}

• [http://www.bihac.org/ Official city presentation]
• [http://www.preminger.ba/ Preminger Brewery]

{{Clear}}

{{Villages of Bihać}}

{{Una Sana Canton}}

{{Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bihac}}

Category:Populated places in Bihać

Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina–Croatia border crossings

Category:Cities and towns in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Category:City walls in Bosnia and Herzegovina