Borough of Middlesbrough

{{see also|Middlesbrough Rural District|Old Town Hall, Middlesbrough}}

The borough was preceded by the County Borough of Teesside in the North Riding of Yorkshire, having previously been an independent municipal borough from 1856 to 1968. The current borough boundaries were formed on 1 April 1974, by the creation of a new non-metropolitan district of the new county of Cleveland by the Local Government Act 1972, covering the previous borough of Middlesbrough along with nearly all of Middlesbrough Rural District. It was reconstituted as a unitary authority, alongside the abolition of Cleveland, on 1 April 1997. For ceremonial purposes it is part of North Yorkshire, though certain local services are still aligned to 1974 boundaries, including Cleveland Fire Brigade and Police. It is included within the Tees Valley combined authority area for devolved transport and economic governance.

The borough contains the following areas:

{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|

• Acklam
• Ayresome
• Berwick Hills
• Brambles Farm
• Coulby Newham
• Easterside
• Grove Hill
• Hemlington
• Linthorpe
• Middlehaven
• Nunthorpe
• Ormesby
• Pallister
• Stainton
• Saltersgill
• Thornton
• Thorntree
• Tollesby
• Whinney Banks

}}

The borough is made up of 19 council wards (formerly 21 as Gresham ward merged with Newport ward between the 2011 and 2021 censuses) within the borough of Middlesbrough. Each ward has a non-statutory community committee.{{cite web |title=Middlesbrough Registration District |url=https://www.ukbmd.org.uk/reg/districts/middlesbrough.html |publisher=UKBMD |accessdate=17 February 2021}} There are also two statutory parish councils for "Nunthorpe" and "Stainton and Thornton".{{cite web |title=Middlesbrough |url=http://data.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/doc/7000000000025586 |publisher=Ordnance Survey |accessdate=17 February 2021}} East, north and west Middlesbrough as well as parts of Park End-and-Beckfield, Berwick-Hils-and-Pallister and Ladgate are covered by the Middlesbrough parliamentary constituency. South Middlesbrough as well as the other parts of the wards are covered by the Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland parliamentary constituency.

File:Middlesbrough panorama.jpg

{{overlay

|image = Middlesbrough UK ward map 2015 (blank).svg

|width = 300 |height = 300

|overlay1 = Acklam (W)

|overlay1top = 133 |overlay1left = 65

|overlay2 = Aryesome (W)

|overlay2top = 100 |overlay2left = 30

|overlay3 = Longlands and Beechwood (N)

|overlay3top = 118 |overlay3left = 100

|overlay4 = Berwick Hills and Pallister (E)

|overlay4top = 90 |overlay4left = 125

|overlay5 = Brambles and Thorntree (E)

|overlay5top = 70 |overlay5left = 145

|overlay6 = Central (N)

|overlay6top = 50|overlay6left = 80

|overlay7 = Kader (W)

|overlay7top = 168 |overlay7left = 65

|overlay8 = Ladgate (W)

|overlay8top = 158 |overlay8left = 100

|overlay9 = Linthorpe (N)

|overlay9top = 108 |overlay9left = 48

|overlay10 = Newport (N)

|overlay10top = 72 |overlay10left = 54

|overlay11 = North Ormesby (E)

|overlay11top = 70 |overlay11left = 118

|overlay12 = Park (N)

|overlay12top = 93 |overlay12left = 68

|overlay13 = Park End and Beckfield (E)

|overlay13top = 125 |overlay13left = 145

|overlay14 = Trimdon (W)

|overlay14top = 165 |overlay14left = 25

|overlay15 = Coulby Newham (S)

|overlay15top = 190 |overlay15left = 103|overlay15colour = blue

|overlay16 = Hemlington (S)

|overlay16top = 193 |overlay16left = 68

|overlay17 = Marton East (S)

|overlay17top = 158 |overlay17left = 132

|overlay18 = Marton West (S)

|overlay18top = 205 |overlay18left = 145

|overlay19 = Nunthorpe (S)

|overlay19top = 190 |overlay19left = 168

|overlay20 = Stainton and Thornton (S)

|overlay20top = 198 |overlay20left = 25

}}

The council operates a with directly elected Mayor of Middlesbrough. The political composition of the council, as of the May 2019 local election, is Independent 23, Labour 20; and Conservative 3.

Teesside International Airport (formerly known as Durham Tees Valley Airport), is joint owned by the borough and the other four Tees Valley councils The council also owns multiple buildings in the borough.

{{See also|Mayor of Middlesbrough}}

The first mayor of Middlesbrough was the German-born Henry Bolckow in 1853.{{Cite book |title=Appletons' Annual Cyclopaedia and Register of Important Events |year=1886 |volume=18 |page=650 |chapter=Bolckow, Henry |quote=William Ferdinand, a British manufacturer, born in Germany in 1806, died 18 June 1878. ... He was the first Mayor of Middlesbrough, a place which owes much of its prosperity to his energy and enterprise}}{{Cite book |title=Up The Boro! |year=2011 |page=9 |quote=This was followed in 1868 by Middlesbrough's first Parliamentary Elections, in which Henry Bolckow (1806–1878) of the firm Bolckow & Vaughan wanted to stand for election, however this was initially blocked by the fact that he was a foreigner ...}} In the 20th century, encompassing introduction of universal suffrage in 1918 and changes in local government in the United Kingdom, the role of mayor changed and became largely ceremonial.

In 2001, as part of a wider programme of devolution, voters in Middlesbrough were offered a referendum to decide between a directly elected mayor or the cabinet system then in operation, with the traditional civic and ceremonial functions of the Mayors being transferred to the Chair of Middlesbrough Council, which they did so by a large margin.{{Cite web |date=19 October 2001 |title=Mayoral referendum result – Middlesbrough Council |url=https://www.lgcplus.com/archive/mayoral-referendum-result-middlesbrough-council-19-10-2001/ |access-date=12 January 2020 |website=Local Government Chronicle (LGC)}}

In 2002, Ray Mallon (Independent), formerly a senior officer in Cleveland Police, became Middlesbrough's first directly elected mayor. He was re-elected in 2007{{Cite web |date=12 June 2017 |title=2007 Mayoral election |url=https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/elections/election-results/2007-mayoral-election |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112163941/https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/elections/election-results/2007-mayoral-election |archive-date=12 January 2020 |access-date=12 January 2020 |website=www.middlesbrough.gov.uk}} and then in 2011.{{Cite web |date=7 June 2016 |title=2011 Mayoral election |url=https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/elections/election-results/2011-mayoral-election |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504064725/https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/elections/election-results/2011-mayoral-election |archive-date=4 May 2019 |access-date=12 January 2020 |website=www.middlesbrough.gov.uk}} Mallon chose not to stand for a fourth term in 2015 and his deputy mayor, Dave Budd (Labour) was elected to succeed him.{{Cite web |date=7 June 2016 |title=2015 Mayoral election |url=https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/elections/election-results/2015-mayoral-election |access-date=12 January 2020 |website=www.middlesbrough.gov.uk}}{{Cite news |date=8 May 2015 |title=Dave Budd replaces Ray Mallon as Middlesbrough mayor |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-32662073 |access-date=11 May 2015}} Budd decided not to stand for a second term and in the May 2019 mayoral election, local businessman Andy Preston (independent) won with 59% of the vote.{{Cite web |date=29 April 2019 |title=2019 mayoral and local election |url=https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/elections/election-results/2019-mayoral-and-local-election |access-date=12 January 2020 |website=www.middlesbrough.gov.uk}}

{{clear left}}

{{Main|Demographics of Tees Valley}}

The borough of Middlesbrough's total resident population was {{English district population|GSS=E06000002}}, by the {{United Kingdom statistics year|England}} The population of Middlesbrough as a county borough peaked at almost 165,000 in the late 1960s, however this has declined since the early 1980s before starting to recover in the 2010s.{{Cite web |title=Middlesbrough Unitary Authority: Total Population |url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10056986/cube/TOT_POP/ |access-date=14 June 2021 |publisher=GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, A Vision of Britain through Time.}}

Women in the former Middlehaven ward (absorbed into the central ward) had the second lowest life expectancy at birth, 74 years, of any ward in England and Wales in 2016.{{Cite news |last=Bennett |first=James |display-authors=etal |date=22 November 2018 |title=Contributions of diseases and injuries to widening life expectancy inequalities in England from 2001 to 2016: a population-based analysis of vital registration data |publisher=Lancet public health |url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(18)30214-7/fulltext |access-date=23 November 2018}}

In the borough of Middlesbrough, 14.0% of the population were non-white British.

File:Middlesbrough, town hall - geograph.org.uk - 796556.jpg

This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of Middlesbrough at current basic prices [https://web.archive.org/web/20060525140007/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_economy/RegionalGVA.pdf published] (pp. 240–253) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.

{{note|1|1}} includes hunting and forestry

{{note|2|2}} includes energy and construction

{{note|3|3}} includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured

{{note|4|4}} Components may not sum to totals due to rounding

The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Borough of Middlesbrough.

{{Expand list|date=August 2020}}

• Joseph Calvert: 7 November 1919.{{Cite web |date=11 January 2013 |title=Freedom of the Borough presented to Sir Joseph Calvert 7th November 1919. |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/bolckow/8405696790/ |access-date=29 November 2020 |via=Flickr}}
• L. Taylor – 30 March 1967 (deceased 23 May 1983)
• Monsignor Canon M O'Sullivan – 26 March 1968 (deceased 6 May 1978)
• Mary A. Daniel – 16 October 1974 (deceased 23 December 1983)
• Ethel A. Gaunt – 16 October 1974 (deceased 10 June 1990)
• Lord Bottomley of Middlesbrough in the County of Cleveland – 21 December 1976 (deceased 3 November 1995)
• E. A. Dickinson – 8 May 1981 (deceased 2001)
• Rose M. Haston – 9 May 1986 (deceased 22 January 1991)
• Arthur Pearson – 9 May 1986 (deceased 23 February 1997)
• Robert I. Smith – 9 May 1986 (deceased 23 February 1993)
• W. Ferrier – 16 June 1992 (deceased 4 March 2015)
• G. Popple – 16 June 1992 (deceased 10 May 2003)
• Len Poole – 16 June 1992 (deceased 15 May 2011)
• John Robert Foster – 8 March 1996 (deceased 12 May 2022)
• Alma Collin – 15 March 2000 (deceased 2014)
• Hazel Pearson – 3 December 2003 (deceased 5 February 2016)
• Steve Gibson – 18 March 2004
• Jack Hatfield – 30 June 2009 (deceased January 2014)
• Mackenzie Thorpe – 11 April 2019{{Cite web |title=Middlesbrough Borough Council |url=https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/PublicMinutes/Council%5CNovember+24+2011%5CItem+3+-+Freedom+of+the+Borough.pdf |website=www.middlesbrough.gov.uk}}
• Gareth Southgate - 28 July 2021.{{Cite web |date=29 July 2021 |title=England manager Gareth Southgate given freedom of Middlesbrough |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-tees-58017331 |access-date=21 August 2021 |website=BBC News}}{{Cite web |last=Craigie |first=Emily |date=29 July 2021 |title=Gareth Southgate awarded Freedom of the Borough |url=https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/19478470.gareth-southgate-awarded-freedom-borough/ |access-date=21 August 2021 |website=The Northern Echo}}{{Cite web |last=Craigie |first=Emily |date=29 July 2021 |title=Gareth Southgate granted prestigious Freedom of the Borough after huge public support |url=https://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/gareth-southgate-granted-prestigious-freedom-21176159 |access-date=21 August 2021 |website=Teesside Gazette}}{{Cite web |last=Speare-Cole |first=Rebecca |date=30 July 2021 |title=Gareth Southgate: England manager given Freedom of Middlesbrough award |url=https://news.sky.com/story/gareth-southgate-england-manager-given-freedom-of-middlesbrough-award-12368343 |access-date=21 August 2021 |website=Sky News}}

• The Green Howards: 13 May 1944, transferred to the Yorkshire Regiment: 25 October 2006.
• The 34th (Northern) Signal Regiment (Volunteers): 29 April 1972.
• {{HMS|Marlborough|F233|6}}, RN: 15 March 2000.

{{Reflist}}

{{commons}}

{{Middlesbrough}}

{{North Yorkshire}}

{{NE England}}

{{Unitary authorities of England}}

{{Authority control}}

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Category:Unitary authority districts of England

Category:Places in the Tees Valley

Category:Non-metropolitan districts of North Yorkshire

Category:Boroughs in England