Cyclone Evan

{{Short description|Category 4 cyclone in the South Pacific in 2012}}

{{Infobox weather event

| name = Severe Tropical Cyclone Evan

| image = Evan Dec 17 2012 0215Z.jpg

| caption = Cyclone Evan just off the western coast of Fiji on December 17

| extratropical = {{end date|2012|12|19}}

| dissipated = {{end date|2012|12|27}}

| formed = {{start date|2012|12|09}}

}}{{Infobox weather event/FMS

| agency = FMS

| winds = 100

| gusts =

| pressure = 943

}}{{Infobox weather event/JTWC

| winds = 125

| pressure = 929

}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects

| year = 2012

| damages-prefix =

| damages = 312800000

| fatalities = 14 confirmed

| affected = Samoa, American Samoa, Wallis and Futuna, Fiji, Tonga, New Zealand

}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer

| season = 2012–13 South Pacific cyclone season

}}

Severe Tropical Cyclone Evan was considered to be the worst tropical cyclone to affect the island nation of Samoa since Cyclone Val in 1991 and was the strongest storm to impact the main South Pacific islands until Winston in 2016. The system was first noted on December 9, 2012, as a weak tropical depression about {{convert|700|km|mi|round=5|abbr=on}} to the northeast of Suva, Fiji. Over the next couple of days, the depression gradually developed further before it was named Evan on December 12, as it had fully developed into a tropical cyclone. During that day the system moved toward the Samoan Islands and gradually intensified, before the system slowed and severely affected the Samoan Islands during the next day with wind gusts of up to {{convert|130|mph|km/h|order=flip|round=5|abbr=on}}.

The storm moved east and impacted the French islands of Wallis and Futuna before affecting Samoa and American Samoa. On December 16, Evan turned to the south and paralleled western areas of Fiji.{{cite web|title=Loina — Portail Officiel de Wallis & Futuna|url=http://www.loina.wf/|publisher=Loina|access-date=December 17, 2012|language=fr}}

Meteorological history

The tropical depression that was to become Severe Tropical Cyclone Evan was first noted by the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS) on December 9, while it was located within the South Pacific Convergence Zone near the Fijian dependency of Rotuma.{{cite report|title=Tropical Disturbance Summary December 9, 2012 21z|accessdate=July 22, 2023|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|date=December 9, 2012|url=https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2012/12/09/text/Severe/Severe_09.txt}}{{cite report|title=Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans December 10, 2012 00z|publisher=United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=December 10, 2012}} {{Pd-notice}} At this stage, the system's broad low-level circulation was poorly organised, while the majority of atmospheric convection was fragmented and located over its northeastern quadrant.{{cite report|title=Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans December 10, 2012 06z|publisher=United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=December 10, 2012}} {{Pd-notice}} Over the next day, the system subsequently moved south-eastwards within an area favourable for further development, with low vertical windshear, sea surface temperatures of {{convert|29|-|30|C|F|abbr=on}} and favourable outflow.{{cite report|title=Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert December 11, 2012 05z|publisher=United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=December 11, 2012|url=https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2012/12/11/text/Severe/Severe_11.txt}} {{Pd-notice}} During December 11, the systems low-level circulation centre started to rapidly consolidate, as it passed around {{convert|55|km|mi|round=5|abbr=on}} to the southwest of the French Territory of Futuna.{{cite journal|author1=Hirsch, Nathalie|journal=La Météorologie|year=2013|volume=8|issue=83|pages=95–97|doi=10.4267/2042/52060|hdl=2042/52060|doi-access=free|title=Pacifique sud 2012-2013: Une saison dans les normes}}{{cite web|access-date=July 23, 2023|url={{IBTRACS url|id=2012346S14180}}|title=2012 Tropical Cyclone Evan (2012346S14180)|publisher=International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship}} {{Pd-notice}} Later that day as the depression became equivalent to a tropical storm and develop a small eye on microwave imagery, the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center initiated advisories on the system and designated it as Tropical Cyclone 04P.{{cite report|title=Tropical Cyclone 04P Warning 1 December 11, 2012 21z|publisher=United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center|date=December 11, 2012|url=https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2012/12/11/text/Severe/Severe_11.txt}} {{Pd-notice}}{{cite web|author=Kelley, Owen|title=Tropical Storm Evan (South Pacific Ocean)|publisher=United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hurricanes/archives/2012/h2012_Evan.html|accessdate=December 18, 2012}} This was followed by the FMS naming the system as Evan the following day, after it had become a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale.{{cite report|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory December 12, 2012 00z|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|accessdate=December 14, 2012|date=December 12, 2012|url=https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2012/12/12/text/Severe/Severe_12.txt}}{{Cite press release|accessdate=July 23, 2023|title=Tropical Cyclone "Evan"|archivedate=October 29, 2013|url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/Media%20release%203%2004F%20TC%20Evan_Dec%2012%202012.pdf|date=December 12, 2012|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192404/http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/Media%20release%203%2004F%20TC%20Evan_Dec%2012%202012.pdf}}

After the system was named, the upper-level ridge continued to steer Evan eastward, toward the Samoan islands, as the cyclone quickly intensified.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 04P (Evan) Warning December 12, 15z |url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/warnings/sh0413web.txt |date=December 12, 2012 |access-date=July 12, 2014 |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |author=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001539/https://www.webcitation.org/6CsLmTkEU?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTPS31-PGTW_201212121500.htm |publisher=United States Navy, United States Air Force |url-status=dead }} By December 12, as the system started to impact the Samoan Islands with gale and storm force wind speeds, RSMC Nadi reported that the system had become a category 2 tropical cyclone with 10-minute sustained wind speeds of {{convert|90|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}.{{cite journal|author2=Lorrey, A M|title=Development of an Enhanced Tropical Cyclone Tracks Database for the Southwest Pacific from 1840-2010|journal=International Journal of Climatology|url=http://apdrc.soest.hawaii.edu/projects/speartc/|publisher=Royal Meteorological Society|year=2012|author4=Levinson, D H|author=Diamond, Howard J|access-date=July 12, 2014|doi=10.1002/joc.2412|volume=32|pages=2240–2250|author3=Knapp, Kenneth R|issue=14|bibcode=2012IJCli..32.2240D|s2cid=13084120|url-access=subscription}} {{subscription required}}{{cite report|url=http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/DPFS/Meetings/RAV-SWFDDP-RSMT_Fiji2013/documents/Doc-3-2-1-CasestudyTC_Evan.doc|title=A Case Study of Tropical Cyclone Evan around Samoa|publisher=World Meteorological Organization|date=August 17, 2013|access-date=December 10, 2013|author1=Jones, Rick|author2=Ready, Steve}} The JTWC also reported that day that the system had become equivalent to a category 1 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale (SSHS) with 1-minute sustained wind speeds of 120 km/h (75 mph).{{cite news|url=http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=72833 |title=Samoa and American Samoa issue alerts for Tropical Cyclone Evan |work=Radio New Zealand International |date=December 12, 2012 |access-date=March 4, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716155139/http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=72833 |archive-date=July 16, 2014 |url-status=live }} Over the next 12 hours, the system developed a {{convert|17|km|mi|abbr=on}} cloud-filled eye on visible imagery, while the system's forward motion started to slow down as it entered a weak steering environment with the upper-level ridge of high pressure to the north of the system weakened and a subtropical ridge of high pressure developed to the south of the system.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 04P (Evan) Warning December 13, 03z |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/warnings/sh0413web.txt |date=December 13, 2012 |publisher=United States Navy, United States Air Force |access-date=December 16, 2012 |author=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001458/https://www.webcitation.org/6CsLmIYaS?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTPS31-PGTW_201212130300.htm |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory December 13, 2012 00z |access-date=December 15, 2012 |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/20027.txt |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001416/https://www.webcitation.org/6CsLe6DDw?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTPS11-NFFN_201212130000.htm |date=December 13, 2012 |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |url-status=dead }}

The system continued to intensify and began to re-curve toward the west on December 16; at 18:00 UTC (07:00 UTC+13, December 17) the JTWC reported that Evan had reached an intensity of {{convert|185|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}, which made it equivalent to a category 3 hurricane on the SSHS.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 04P (Evan) Running Best Track Analysis |date=December 13, 2012 |archive-date=January 14, 2013 |url=http://199.9.2.143/tcdat/tc13/SHEM/04P.EVAN/trackfile.txt |publisher=United States Navy, United States Air Force |access-date=December 16, 2012 |author=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |author2=Naval Research Laboratory |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130114165257/http://199.9.2.143/tcdat/tc13/SHEM/04P.EVAN/trackfile.txt |url-status=dead }}

Early on December 17, the JTWC reported that Cyclone Evan had reached its peak intensity with 1-minute windspeeds of 230 km/h (145 mph), which made it equivalent to a category 4 hurricane on the SSHS.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 04P (Evan) Warning December 17, 09z |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/warnings/sh0413web.txt |date=December 17, 2012 |publisher=United States Navy, United States Air Force |access-date=December 18, 2012 |author=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001738/https://www.webcitation.org/6CySFgSXx?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTPS31-PGTW_201212170900.htm |url-status=dead }} During that day Evan started to gradually weaken as it moved around the coast of the Fijian island of Viti Levu. With RSMC Nadi reporting by 18:00 UTC (07:00 UTC+13, December 18) that the system had weakened into a category 3 severe tropical cyclone.{{cite web|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory December 17, 2012 18z |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |access-date=December 18, 2012 |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/20027.txt |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001819/https://www.webcitation.org/6CzrdMDNs?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTPS11-NFFN_201212171800.htm |date=December 17, 2012 |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url-status=dead }}

By December 19, wind shear from the northwest had exposed the system's low level circulation center completely, pushing the bulk of convection and thunderstorm activity about {{convert|120|km|mi|abbr=on|round=5}} to the southeast of the center. Evan had also moved into cooler sea surface temperatures, below 27 °C (81 °C), so evaporation and thunderstorm development had waned, leading to falling cloud heights because of less moisture.{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hurricanes/archives/2012/h2012_Evan.html |title=NASA - Tropical Storm Evan (South Pacific Ocean) |access-date=December 18, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216033542/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hurricanes/archives/2012/h2012_Evan.html |archive-date=December 16, 2012 }}

Later that same day, RSMC Nadi reported that Cyclone Evan had weakened below cyclone intensity and declassified it as a tropical cyclone, before the JTWC issued their final warning later that day as the system started to transition into an extratropical cyclone.{{cite web|title=Tropical Disturbance Advisory December 16, 2012 12z |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/20027.txt |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522002019/https://www.webcitation.org/6D30YL9t4?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTPS11-NFFN_201212191200.htm |access-date=December 21, 2012 |date=December 19, 2012 |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone 04P (Evan) Warning December 19, 21z |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/warnings/sh0413web.txt |date=December 19, 2012 |access-date=December 21, 2012 |author=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001937/https://www.webcitation.org/6D30lxd6X?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTPS31-PGTW_201212192100.htm |publisher=United States Navy, United States Air Force |url-status=dead }} Over the next couple of days the remnant low continued moving southwards and moved below 25°S and into the Wellington tropical cyclone warning centre's (TCWC Wellington area of responsibility.{{cite web|title=Christmas Weather Daily Update: Sunday December 23 |url=http://blog.metservice.com/2012/12/christmas-weather-daily-update/ |publisher=Meteorological Service of New Zealand |access-date=December 23, 2012 |author=Kreft, Peter |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130192719/http://blog.metservice.com/2012/12/christmas-weather-daily-update/ |archive-date=January 30, 2013 |date=December 23, 2012 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|title=Storm Warning 307, December 20, 2012 00z |url=http://www.metservice.com/marine-surf/high-seas/subtropic |publisher=Meteorological Service of New Zealand |access-date=December 22, 2012 |author=Wellington Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522002058/https://www.webcitation.org/6D5B48ZC0?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WWNZ40-NZKL_201212200012.htm |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |date=December 20, 2012 |url-status=dead }} During December 21, the system started to move towards the southwest as it directed a moist tropical airmass onto the North Island during the next day.{{cite web|title=Marine Weather Bulletin for the Subtropics, December 21, 2012 18z |url=http://www.metservice.com/marine-surf/high-seas/subtropic |publisher=Meteorological Service of New Zealand |access-date=December 21, 2012 |author=Wellington Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522002141/https://www.webcitation.org/6D5orqVhH?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/FQPS43-NZKL_201212210636.htm |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |date=December 21, 2012 |url-status=dead }} The remnants of Evan were last noted by TCWC Wellington during December 25.{{cite web|title=Marine Weather Bulletin for the Subtropics, December 24, 18z|url=http://www.metservice.com/marine-surf/high-seas/subtropic|publisher=Meteorological Service of New Zealand|access-date=December 27, 2012|author=Wellington Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522002258/https://www.webcitation.org/6DDbZJKBT?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/FQPS43-NZKL_201212241814.htm|archive-date=May 22, 2024|url-status=live|date=December 24, 2012}}{{cite web|title=Marine Weather Bulletin for the Subtropics, December 25, 06z|url=http://www.metservice.com/marine-surf/high-seas/subtropic|publisher=Meteorological Service of New Zealand|access-date=December 27, 2012|author=Wellington Tropical Cyclone Warning Centre|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522002219/https://www.webcitation.org/6DDbe4zhg?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/FQPS43-NZKL_201212250546.htm|archive-date=May 22, 2024|url-status=live|date=December 25, 2012}}

Preparations and impact

Severe Tropical Cyclone Evan impacted the island nations of Wallis and Futuna, Samoa, American Samoa, Niue, Tonga, Fiji and New Zealand, with 14 deaths reported and total damages estimated at over {{ntsp|315000000||US$}}. As a result of its impact on the island nations, the name Evan was subsequently retired, from the list of names for the region by the World Meteorological Organization.{{RA V Tropical cyclone operational plan}}

=Fiji=

File:Cyclone Evan, Fiji (10690392825).jpg

On December 10, the FMS issued heavy rain warnings for parts of Fiji, as the trough of low pressure associated with the system, was bringing heavy rain and squally thunderstorms to parts of Fiji which they warned could lead to flash floods in parts of the archipelago.{{cite web|title=Special Weather Bulletin Number One for heavy rain December 10, 2012 04z |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/WXFJ01_NFFN_100400.txt |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |access-date=December 12, 2012 |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001336/https://www.webcitation.org/6CrtCgAfv?url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/WXFJ01_NFFN_100400.txt |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url-status=dead }} These warnings were subsequently cancelled during the next day as the system moved away from Fiji, however they started to note that the global numerical weather guidance products were agreeing on the depression, re-curving as a tropical cyclone and to start directly impacting Fiji from December 16.{{cite web|title=Special Weather Bulletin Number Nine for Heavy Rain December 11, 2012 |date=December 11, 2012 |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/WXFJ01_NFFN_110300.txt |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |access-date=December 12, 2012 |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005210304/http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/20014.txt |archive-date=October 5, 2012 |url-status=dead }}{{Cite press release|title=Tropical Depression TD04F |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/Media%20release%202%20TD04F_Dec%2011%202012%20%281%29.pdf |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |access-date=December 12, 2012 |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053408/http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/Media%20release%202%20TD04F_Dec%2011%202012%20(1).pdf |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |date=December 11, 2012 |url-status=dead }} During the next three days, the FMS issued calls for communities to be prepared, heed warnings and act responsibly, so that they could avoid "unnecessary loss of lives and properties", as Cyclone Evan was expected to be at least a Category 4 Severe Tropical Cyclone when it entered Fijian waters.{{Cite press release|title=Tropical Cyclone "Evan" |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/Media_release_5_TC_Evan_04F_Dec_14_2012.pdf |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |access-date=December 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121224003543/http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/Media_release_5_TC_Evan_04F_Dec_14_2012.pdf |archive-date=December 24, 2012 |date=December 14, 2012 |url-status=dead }} From December 15 to 18, as the system approached and passed through the archipelago, the FMS issued various strong, gale, storm and hurricane-force wind warnings for Fiji.{{cite web|title=Special Weather Bulletin Number 5 for Fiji, December 15, 2012 03z |date=December 15, 2012 |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/20020.txt |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |access-date=December 15, 2012 |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217174500/http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/ww/wwfj40.nffn..txt |archive-date=February 17, 2012 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|title=Special Weather Bulletin Number 21 for Fiji, December 16, 2012 21z |date=December 16, 2012 |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/20020.txt |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |access-date=December 16, 2012 |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001658/https://www.webcitation.org/6CyS8nJ45?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WWFJ40-NFFN_201212162100.htm |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|title=Special Weather Bulletin Number 37 for Fiji, December 18, 2012 03z |date=December 18, 2012 |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/20020.txt |publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service |access-date=December 18, 2012 |author=RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001857/https://www.webcitation.org/6CzxTpegO?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WWFJ40-NFFN_201212180300.htm |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url-status=dead }}

Ahead of the system approaching and impacting the island nation, people were evacuated to emergency shelters.{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20121215/as-fiji-cyclone/?ir=media|title=Fiji braces for cyclone that killed 3 in Samoa|work=The Huffington Post|date=December 15, 2012|access-date=December 15, 2012}} Fiji Airways (Air Pacific) announced they are suspending all flights to Savusavu, as well as the international flights from Nadi to Auckland and Brisbane on December 16.[http://www.fbc.com.fj/fiji/6792/air-pacific-cancels-savusavu-flights Air Pacific cancels Savusavu flights (FBC News)]{{Cite web |url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/1720883/Cyclone-bears-down-on-Fiji |title=Cyclone bears down on Fiji (SBS News) |access-date=December 16, 2012 |archive-date=March 7, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307191321/http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/1720883/Cyclone-bears-down-on-Fiji |url-status=dead }}

Upon passing over Fiji, over 8,000 people were living in shelters, including many tourists. Although there were no initial reports of casualties, the storm brought considerable damage. Trees and power lines were down across the island group. In addition, flooding and structural damage was reported from resorts and homes.{{cite news|url=http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/fiji-hammered-by-severe-cyclone-no-deaths-reported/|title=Fiji hammered by severe cyclone, no deaths reported (Reuters)|access-date=December 18, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221042706/http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/fiji-hammered-by-severe-cyclone-no-deaths-reported/|archive-date=December 21, 2012|url-status=dead}}

Damage throughout Fiji amounted to FJ$169.9 million (US$108.8 million). Additionally, short-term economic losses related to the cyclone were estimated reach FJ$73.4 million (US$40.9 million).{{cite news|publisher=Business Insurance|date=April 24, 2013|access-date=May 14, 2013|title=Fiji: Cyclone Evan damage estimated at $108 million|url=http://www.businessinsurance.com/article/20130424/NEWS09/130429928#}}

=Wallis and Futuna=

Cyclone Evan affected Wallis and Futuna on two separate occasions while it was active, with the cyclone first affecting Futuna during December 11, before passing within {{convert|20|km|mi|round=5|abbr=on}} of Wallis Island on December 15, and {{convert|70|km|mi|round=5|abbr=on}} of Futuna Island during the next day.{{cite web |title=156 km/h : Record de rafales battu à Wallis |url=http://www.meteo.nc/en-savoir-plus/accueil/actualites/266-evan |publisher=Meteo France: New Caledonia |access-date=November 26, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320103406/http://meteo.nc/actualites/357-evan?tmpl=component&print=1&layout=default&page= |archive-date=March 20, 2013 |date=December 22, 2012 |url-status=live |language=fr }} On December 11, Futuna Island recorded {{convert|186|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rainfall and wind speeds of up to {{Convert|35|mph|km/h|order=flip|round=5|abbr=on}} as Evan passed just to the north of the island. Ahead of the system affecting the French Territory for the second time, various warning alerts were issued for the two islands, with people were urged to prepare.{{cite report|title=Pre Alerte — Cyclone Evan|type=L'Administration Superieure Communique|author=Administration Superieure Des îles Wallis-et-Futuna|date=December 14, 2012|url=http://www.loina.wf/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/communiqu%C3%A9-PRE-ALERTE-Cyclone-EVAN.jpg|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130422021235/http://www.loina.wf/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/communiqu%C3%A9-PRE-ALERTE-Cyclone-EVAN.jpg|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 22, 2013|access-date=December 26, 2012|language=fr|publisher=Loina — Portail Officiel de Wallis & Futuna}}{{cite report|title=Alerte 1 - Cyclone Evan|type=L'Administration Superieure Communique|author=Administration Superieure Des îles Wallis-et-Futuna|date=December 14, 2012|url=http://www.loina.wf/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Communique-alerte-1.jpg|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421230554/http://www.loina.wf/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Communique-alerte-1.jpg|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 21, 2013|access-date=December 26, 2012|language=fr|publisher=Loina — Portail Officiel de Wallis & Futuna}}{{cite report|title=Alerte 2 - Cyclone Evan (Niveau maximal d'alerte)|date=December 15, 2012|type=L'Administration Superieure Communique|author=Administration Superieure Des îles Wallis-et-Futuna|publisher=Loina — Portail Officiel de Wallis & Futuna|url=http://www.loina.wf/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Alerte-2-Cyclone-EVAN1.jpg|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421235354/http://www.loina.wf/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Alerte-2-Cyclone-EVAN1.jpg|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 21, 2013|access-date=December 26, 2012|language=fr}} As the system passed near Wallis island, wind gusts of up to {{Convert|156|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} were recorded, which were the highest recorded wind gusts on Wallis Island since records began in 1971. The cyclone passed through the French territory without any reported casualties, and while Futuna Island was spared any major damage, extensive damage was reported on Wallis Island.{{Cite web|url=http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/?lurel-mercredi-et-jeudi-a-wallis-durement-frappee-par-le-cyclone-evan.html|title = Bienvenue sur le site du ministère des Outre-mer | Mom}}

=Samoa=

File:Evan Dec 13 2012 0105Z.jpg, Samoa on December 13]]

Cyclone Evan affected the independent state of Samoa between December 11 and 15, and was considered to be the worst tropical cyclone to affect Samoa, since Cyclone Val in 1991.{{cite conference |url-status=dead |title=Disaster Response Experience: Tropical Cyclone Evan December 2012 |url=http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdnadmin/data/original/JM2013_RDM_S2_WSM_TCEvan_Experience_20130701.pdf |author=Nelson, Filomena |author2=Samoa Disaster Management Office |date=July 1, 2013 |conference=19th Regional Disaster Managers Meeting — Annual Meeting of the Heads of National Disaster Management Offices (NDMOs) of Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213113723/http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdnadmin/data/original/JM2013_RDM_S2_WSM_TCEvan_Experience_20130701.pdf |archive-date=December 13, 2013 |location=Nadi, Fiji |pages=2–6 |access-date=July 1, 2013 }}{{cite web|author=Dorney, Sean|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Company|date=April 30, 2013|access-date=May 14, 2013|title=Australia and Samoa formalise cyclone aid deal|url=http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/international/2013-04-30/australia-and-samoa-formalise-cyclone-aid-deal/1123380}} After the system was named on December 12, the Samoan Deputy and Acting Prime Minister Fonotoe Pierre Lauofo, signed a Disaster Declaration which lasted for 48 hours and activated all disaster response provisions of the Samoan National Disaster Management Plan.{{cite book|url=http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdnadmin/data/original/WSM_2013_DMO_NEWSLETTER_Vol1_Issue2.pdf|title=DMO Newsletter January — March 2013|publisher=Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment|author=Samoa Disaster Management Office|pages=1–4|volume=1|issue=2|date=April 16, 2013|access-date=December 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213113727/http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdnadmin/data/original/WSM_2013_DMO_NEWSLETTER_Vol1_Issue2.pdf|archive-date=December 13, 2013|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|title=Samoa declares disaster over cyclone damage|url=http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=72837|access-date=December 10, 2013|date=December 12, 2012|agency=Radio New Zealand International|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403131210/http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/209105/samoa-declares-disaster-over-cyclone-damage|archive-date=April 3, 2015|url-status=live}} [http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdnadmin/data/original/WSM_2012_Declares_disaster.pdf Alt URL] During that day the Samoa Meteorology Division issued gale and storm force wind warnings and a hurricane watch for Samoa, while preparations for the system started with several people boarding up their homes.{{cite web|title=Special Weather Bulletin Number 3 for Samoa, December 12, 2012 15z |date=December 12, 2012 |url=http://www.mnre.gov.ws/meteorology/forecast.htm |access-date=December 10, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121217012337/http://www.mnre.gov.ws/meteorology/forecast.htm |archive-date=December 17, 2012 |publisher=Samoa Meteorology Division |url-status=dead }} During the next day these preparations continued before the SMS issued a hurricane warning for Upolu, after marginal hurricane-force winds of {{convert|114|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} were observed on Mount Fiamoe, Upolu.

The cyclone struck, causing widespread damage in the capital, Apia. Many of the roads were blocked by flood waters and downed banana trees. Evan also caused damage to Faleolo International Airport in Apia, where the departures lounge collapsed, forcing its temporary closure. As a result, Fiji Airways (Air Pacific) cancelled all flights to Apia for December 14 and 15, citing safety concerns.{{cite news|url=http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=220044|title=Air Pac cancels Apia flights|publisher=(Fiji Times)|author=Geraldine Panapasa|date=December 14, 2012|access-date=December 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212161030/http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=220044|archive-date=December 12, 2013|url-status=dead}}{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-12-13/an-samoa-on-alert-as-cyclone-evan-approaches/4424922|title=Two killed as tropical Cyclone Evan hits Samoa|date=December 13, 2012|access-date=December 13, 2012|work=ABC News}} Wind gusts of up to {{convert|130|mph|km/h|order=flip|round=5|abbr=on}} were reported. The storm destroyed houses and caused almost complete failures in the power and water supply systems.{{cite news|author=Brad Lendon|title=2 deaths reported as Cyclone Evan rips through Samoan islands|url=http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/12/13/2-deaths-reported-as-cyclone-evan-rips-through-samoan-islands/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121215034446/http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2012/12/13/2-deaths-reported-as-cyclone-evan-rips-through-samoan-islands/|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 15, 2012|publisher=CNN|date=December 13, 2012|access-date=December 13, 2012}} The Disaster Management Office reported that the Tanugamanono power plant was heavily damaged, and power might not be restored for up to two months in some areas. A water treatment plant near Apia was also reported destroyed.[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-20722395 Cyclone Evan rips through Samoa as Apia homes flattened], BBC, December 14, 2012 At least three deaths were reported after the storm,{{cite web|title=Deadly cyclone leaves Samoa a total mess|url=http://tvnz.co.nz/world-news/deadly-cyclone-leaves-samoa-total-mess-5292379|publisher=TVNZ|access-date=December 14, 2012}} including two children who were in low-lying areas and drowned. Authorities expressed concern over about the fate of at least 7 people who are still missing, as well as up to 3,000 others now living in emergency shelters.{{cite news|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/world/south-pacific/8074476/Apia-slammed-as-cyclone-hits-Samoa|title=Apia slammed as cyclone hits Samoa|author=Michael Field|publisher=Fairfax NZ News|date=December 13, 2012|access-date=December 13, 2012}}{{cite news|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Samoa-grapples-with-Cyclone-Evan-aftermath/tabid/417/articleID/280487/Default.aspx|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130222222820/http://www.3news.co.nz/Samoa-grapples-with-Cyclone-Evan-aftermath/tabid/417/articleID/280487/Default.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 22, 2013|title=Deadly Cyclone Evan to hit Fiji|publisher=3News NZ|date=December 14, 2012|access-date=December 14, 2012}}

The US Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa David Huebner confirmed the United States had provided NZ$60,000 to the Samoan Red Cross for relief operations. New Zealand authorities said they were also ready to provide financial aid, if the local government requests it. On December 15, they did provide NZ$50,000, as well as a P-3 Orion plane to search for eight missing fishermen.{{cite web|title=Deadly cyclone batters Samoa|date=December 14, 2012|url=http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/world/123463/deadly-cyclone-batters-samoa|publisher=Radio NZ|access-date=December 14, 2012}} Two days later the New Zealand Foreign Affairs Minister Murray McCully announced an additional NZ$550,000 was to be made available to the Samoan government, as well as the Samoan Red Cross and any agencies on the ground that might need it. Five additional New Zealand Red Cross workers were also sent to support local efforts. The Samoan Parliament opened with a somber prayer session, as the legislators prepared to receive initial assessments of the economic damage wrecked by Evan. According to reports, the bill is expected to be at least NZ$200,000,000, and possibly rise as high as 300 million.{{cite web|title=NZ steps up assistance for cyclone-ravaged Samoa|url=http://tvnz.co.nz/world-news/nz-steps-up-assistance-cyclone-ravaged-samoa-5297032|publisher=TV NZ|date=December 18, 2012|access-date=December 18, 2012}}{{cite web|title=Counting the cost of Cyclone Evan in Samoa|url=http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/international/radio/program/pacific-beat/counting-the-cost-of-cyclone-evan-in-samoa/1062416|publisher=Radio Australia|date=December 18, 2012|access-date=December 18, 2012}}

On December 17, Samoan authorities confirmed that the death toll reached 14, after rescuers abandoned the search for 10 missing sailors.{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/fiji-begins-cleanup-after-cyclone-evan-rips-through-samoa-death-toll-rises-to-14/2012/12/17/bb18c7a8-48ad-11e2-8af9-9b50cb4605a7_story.html|title=Fiji begins cleanup after Cyclone Evan rips through; Samoa death toll rises to 14|newspaper=The Washington Post|agency=Associated Press|date=December 17, 2012|access-date=December 18, 2012}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} In all, damage from the storm amounted to WS$465 million (US$204 million).{{cite report|title=Samoa - Post-disaster needs assessment cyclone Evan 2012|url=http://www.gfdrr.org/sites/gfdrr/files/SAMOA_PDNA_Cyclone_Evan_2012.pdf|publisher=Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery|date=March 1, 2013|access-date=March 10, 2013}}

=American Samoa=

File:Evan 2012-12-14 0100Z.png

The Pago Pago National Weather Service Forecast Office issued a gale watch for all of American Samoa a day before the storm impacted the island.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Evan (04F) - Local Statement December 11, 17z |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtzs81.nstu.hls.zs1.txt |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001256/https://www.webcitation.org/6Cr2UyP57?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTZS81-NSTU_201212111705.htm |author=Akapo, Akapo Kofe |work=National Weather Service Office, Pago Pago, American Samoa |access-date=December 13, 2012 |date=December 13, 2012 |url-status=dead }} As Evan intensified and moved closer to the archipelago, hurricane warnings and flash flood watches were issued for Tutuila, Aunuu, Manua and Swains Island.{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Evan (04F) - Local Statement December 13, 00z |archive-date=May 22, 2024 |url=http://weather.noaa.gov/pub/data/raw/wt/wtzs81.nstu.hls.zs1.txt |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240522001619/https://www.webcitation.org/6CsLxUTju?url=http://gwydir.demon.co.uk/advisories/WTZS81-NSTU_201212130040.htm |author=Baqui, Carol |work=National Weather Service Office, Pago Pago, American Samoa |access-date=December 13, 2012 |date=December 13, 2012 |url-status=dead }} On December 14, authorities announced that there had been no major damage or injuries after the passage of the storm.

=Tonga=

On December 12, the FMS issued a tropical cyclone alert for the Tongan Islands Niuatoputapu and Niuafo'ou as it was thought that Evan might cause gale-force winds over the islands within 48 hours.{{cite report|title=Special Weather Bulletin Number One for Tonga on Tropical Cyclone Evan December 12, 2012 23:15 UTC|accessdate=July 24, 2023|date=December 12, 2012|url=https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2012/12/12/text/Severe/Severe_12.txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service}} During December 14, the alert was cancelled as Evan was no longer predicted to pass close enough to the islands to produce gale force winds or any damage on either island.{{cite web|title=Special Weather Bulletin Number Eight for Tonga on Tropical Cyclone Evan December 14, 2012 15:37 UTC|date=December 14, 2012|accessdate=July 24, 2023|url=https://mtarchive.geol.iastate.edu/2012/12/14/text/Severe/Severe_14.txt|publisher=Fiji Meteorological Service}}

=New Zealand=

During December 23, as Cyclone Evan's remnants moved towards New Zealand, TCWC Wellington issued Severe Weather Warnings for parts of Northland, Auckland and Coromandel as between {{Convert|70|-|100|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rain expected to fall which could cause surface flooding. They also predicted that parts of New Zealand would see strong or gale-force winds and that the eastern coasts of Northland, might see large sea waves of about {{convert|3|-|4|m|ft}}. During that day in parts of the Coromandel Ranges, over {{convert|100|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rain fell while in other parts of the warning area {{Convert|25|-|50|mm|in|abbr=on}} fell while the system was blamed for creating foggy conditions that engulfed parts of the North Island, and led to over 100 flights being cancelled at Wellington Airport.{{cite web|title=Christmas Weather Daily Update: Monday December 24 |url=http://blog.metservice.com/2012/12/christmas-weather-daily-update/ |publisher=Meteorological Service of New Zealand |access-date=December 29, 2012 |author=Kreft, Peter |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130101191858/http://blog.metservice.com/ |archive-date=January 1, 2013 |date=December 24, 2012 |url-status=dead }}{{cite news|title='Weird' fog grounds Christmas flights|newspaper=The Nelson Mail|date=December 24, 2012|page=2}}(Accessed via Lexis Nexis on December 24, 2012){{cite news|title=Dreaming of a flight this Christmas...|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10855887|access-date=December 28, 2012|newspaper=The New Zealand Herald|date=December 24, 2012}} On December 24, the threat of heavy rain, surface flooding, swells and strong to gale-force winds continued while a swimmer drowned in rough seas of Whiritoa beach.{{cite news|title=Brother dies on nostalgic beach swim |archive-date=December 26, 2012 |date=December 26, 2012 |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10856047 |access-date=December 26, 2012 |newspaper=The New Zealand Herald |author=Akoorie, Natalie |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121226161547/http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10856047 |url-status=live }} During that day heavy rain and the threat of flooding gradually eased, before the remnants were last noted during the next day.{{cite web|title=Christmas Weather Daily Update: Tuesday December 25 |url=http://blog.metservice.com/2012/12/christmas-weather-daily-update/ |publisher=Meteorological Service of New Zealand |access-date=December 25, 2012 |author=Kreft, Peter |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130101191858/http://blog.metservice.com/ |archive-date=January 1, 2013 |date=December 25, 2012 |url-status=dead }}