Draft:2019 student protests in Brazil

{{Main article|Presidency of Jair Bolsonaro}}

File:Abraham Weintraub.jpg, then Minister of Education during the protests.|left]]At the end of April 2019, the new administration of the Ministry of Education (MEC), under the command of Abraham Weintraub, appointed by Jair Bolsonaro, announced a 30% cut in funding for federal educational institutions, including 60 universities and nearly 40 institutes across the country. Initially, the minister had announced funding cuts for the Fluminense Federal University (UFF), the Federal University of Bahia(UFBA), and the University of Brasília (UnB), which, according to him, “were causing trouble,” an expression that angered researchers and was considered unfortunate by members of the government.{{Cite news |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Protestos por educação marcaram o dia em todos os Estados; saiba o que já é verdade e o que ainda é ameaça sobre os cortes |url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-48283522 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325061139/https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-48283522 |archive-date=March 25, 2023 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |work=BBC News Brasil |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |last=Camarotti |first=Gerson |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Governo reconhece que fala de Weintraub estimulou protestos pelo país nesta quarta-feira |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/blog/gerson-camarotti/post/2019/05/15/governo-reconhece-que-fala-de-weintraub-estimulou-manifestacoes.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307031806/https://g1.globo.com/politica/blog/gerson-camarotti/post/2019/05/15/governo-reconhece-que-fala-de-weintraub-estimulou-manifestacoes.ghtml |archive-date=March 7, 2023 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}

Subsequently, the cut was extended to all federal universities. According to the National Association of Directors of Federal Higher Education Institutions (Andifes), the contingency reached 20% of the budget for operating costs (i.e., maintenance, cleaning, security, among others), and 90% of the investment budget (costs of construction, renovation, or building, for example). These costs are considered discretionary expenses by the government, meaning they are not mandatory, with the freeze corresponding to about 3.5% of the total budget, which would be “held back” to be released after September.{{Cite web |date=May 11, 2019 |title=Entenda por que o corte anunciado pelo MEC nas universidades federais é de 3,5% |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/entenda-por-que-corte-anunciado-pelo-mec-nas-universidades-federais-de-35-23658898 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404104508/https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/entenda-por-que-corte-anunciado-pelo-mec-nas-universidades-federais-de-35-23658898 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=O Globo |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |last= |date=May 15, 2019 |title=O que já é verdade e o que ainda é ameaça nos cortes da educação |url=https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/brasil/o-que-ja-e-verdade-e-o-que-ainda-e-ameaca-nos-cortes-da-educacao,49b4a6c5181da91ac5234feb42e3e79fbrmlveyu.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250519162943/https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/brasil/o-que-ja-e-verdade-e-o-que-ainda-e-ameaca-nos-cortes-da-educacao,49b4a6c5181da91ac5234feb42e3e79fbrmlveyu.html |archive-date=May 19, 2025 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Terra |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |date=April 30, 2019 |title=MEC diz que bloqueio de 30% na verba vale para todas as universidades e institutos federais |url=https://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/2019/04/30/mec-diz-que-bloqueio-de-30percent-na-verba-vale-para-todas-as-universidades-e-institutos-federais.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216143452/https://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/2019/04/30/mec-diz-que-bloqueio-de-30percent-na-verba-vale-para-todas-as-universidades-e-institutos-federais.ghtml |archive-date=December 16, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |date=May 14, 2019 |title=Oito polêmicas das políticas de Bolsonaro para a educação, alvo de protestos nesta quarta |url=https://epocanegocios.globo.com/Brasil/noticia/2019/05/oito-polemicas-das-politicas-de-bolsonaro-para-educacao-alvo-de-protestos-nesta-quarta.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812173751/https://epocanegocios.globo.com/Brasil/noticia/2019/05/oito-polemicas-das-politicas-de-bolsonaro-para-educacao-alvo-de-protestos-nesta-quarta.html |archive-date=August 12, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Época Negócios |language=pt-br}} In May, the Ministry of Education announced that it was also considering “decentralizing” investments in philosophy and sociology courses, which prompted a manifesto against the proposal signed by representatives of world-renowned universities such as Harvard University, Yale University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Oxford, University of Cambridge, Sorbonne, Columbia University, and University of California, Berkeley.{{Cite web |last=Farias |first=Victor |date=May 3, 2019 |title=Sociólogos de Harvard, Cambridge e Sorbonne criticam Bolsonaro |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/epoca/guilherme-amado/sociologos-de-harvard-cambridge-sorbonne-criticam-bolsonaro-23639971 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516013330/https://oglobo.globo.com/epoca/guilherme-amado/sociologos-de-harvard-cambridge-sorbonne-criticam-bolsonaro-23639971 |archive-date=May 16, 2022 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Época |language=pt-BR}}

The Minister of Education, Weintraub, was summoned to Congress to provide explanations about the cuts in the sector, after a vote in favor of the summons by 307 deputies, against 82.{{Cite web |last=Vivas |first=Fernanda |date=May 14, 2019 |title=Câmara convoca ministro para explicar nesta quarta-feira bloqueio de verbas na Educação |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/05/14/camara-aprova-convocacao-do-ministro-da-educacao.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119172616/https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/05/14/camara-aprova-convocacao-do-ministro-da-educacao.ghtml |archive-date=January 19, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}} The session took place at the same time as protests were taking place across Brazil.{{Cite web |title=Ministro da Educação explica na Câmara bloqueio de verbas das universidades |url=https://g1.globo.com/educacao/ao-vivo/ministro-da-educacao-explica-na-camara-bloqueio-de-verbas-das-universidades.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613215427/https://g1.globo.com/educacao/ao-vivo/ministro-da-educacao-explica-na-camara-bloqueio-de-verbas-das-universidades.ghtml |archive-date=June 13, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}

File:Dia_Nacional_em_Defesa_da_Educação,_2019.05.15_-_3.jpg, São Paulo.]]

File:Fora_Bozo_1_Ilhéus_15-05-2019.jpg, Bahia.]]

On May 15, a member of Bolsonaro's allied base, Capitão Wagner, saw the president calling his minister, Weintraub, saying that there would be no budget cuts, which suggested that the government had backed down, something that was commonplace in its early days{{Cite web |last=Dias |first=Marina |date=January 10, 2019 |title=Governo Bolsonaro tem média de um recuo por dia |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2019/01/governo-bolsonaro-tem-media-de-um-recuo-por-dia.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307031826/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2019/01/governo-bolsonaro-tem-media-de-um-recuo-por-dia.shtml |archive-date=March 7, 2023 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Folha de S.Paulo |language=pt-BR}}; later, the minister, in a hearing in the Chamber of Deputies, said that Bolsonaro was overheard talking to him, and not him talking to Bolsonaro, saying that the cuts would happen.{{Cite web |last1=Turtelli |first1=Camila |last2=Haubert |first2=Mariana |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Weintraub confirma ligação de Bolsonaro, mas diz que conversa foi 'mal entendida' |url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/agencia-estado/2019/05/15/weintraub-confirma-ligacao-de-bolsonaro-mas-diz-que-conversa-foi-mal-entendida.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520001314/https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/agencia-estado/2019/05/15/weintraub-confirma-ligacao-de-bolsonaro-mas-diz-que-conversa-foi-mal-entendida.htm |archive-date=May 20, 2019 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Universo Online |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |last= |date=May 16, 2019 |title=Caso de ligação com Bolsonaro foi 'mal-entendido', diz Weintraub |url=https://www.poder360.com.br/governo/caso-de-ligacao-com-bolsonaro-foi-mal-entendido-diz-weintraub/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250624230744/https://www.poder360.com.br/governo/caso-de-ligacao-com-bolsonaro-foi-mal-entendido-diz-weintraub/ |archive-date=June 24, 2025 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Poder360 |language=pt-br}} Wagner said that it was not he who started a rumor, but rather the government itself, which backtracked.

Among the slogans used by demonstrators were: “Take the scissors out of your hands and invest in education” and “It's not easy, there's money for the militia, but not for education,” alluding to Bolsonaro's possible involvement with militias and the {{Interlanguage link|Queiroz Case|pt|Caso Queiroz}}.{{Cite web |last=Caleiro |first=João |date=May 16, 2019 |title=Qual é, afinal, a diferença entre corte e contingenciamento? |url=https://exame.com/economia/qual-e-afinal-a-diferenca-de-corte-e-contingenciamento/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003200403/https://exame.com/economia/qual-e-afinal-a-diferenca-de-corte-e-contingenciamento/ |archive-date=October 3, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Exame |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |last=Ângelo |first=Tiago |date=May 16, 2019 |title=Imprensa internacional repercute manifestações contra cortes no ensino |url=https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2019/05/16/imprensa-internacional-destaca-atos-contra-cortes-na-educacao-confira-repercussao/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241013201207/https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2019/05/16/imprensa-internacional-destaca-atos-contra-cortes-na-educacao-confira-repercussao/ |archive-date=October 13, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Brasil de Fato |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Multidão ocupa a Paulista contra bloqueio de recursos para a educação |url=https://horadopovo.com.br/multidao-ocupa-a-paulista-contra-bloqueio-de-recursos-para-a-educacao/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602093752/https://horadopovo.com.br/multidao-ocupa-a-paulista-contra-bloqueio-de-recursos-para-a-educacao/ |archive-date=June 2, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Hora do Povo |language=pt-BR}}

According to the National Union of Students (UNE), 500,000 protesters gathered on Paulista Avenue, and a total of 1.5 million people participated nationwide.{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Tsunami da educação leva 500 mil para a avenida Paulista |url=https://www.une.org.br/noticias/tsunami-da-educacao-leva-500-mil-para-a-avenida-paulista/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250419094235/https://www.une.org.br/noticias/tsunami-da-educacao-leva-500-mil-para-a-avenida-paulista/ |archive-date=April 19, 2025 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=National Union of Students |language=pt-BR}} Students also crowded Cinelândia, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, with 150,000 protesters according to organizers.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Mais de cem mil marcham da Candelária à Cinelândia |url=https://sintufrj.org.br/2019/05/protesto-contra-bolsonaro-rumo-a-greve-geral/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250321110407/https://sintufrj.org.br/2019/05/protesto-contra-bolsonaro-rumo-a-greve-geral/ |archive-date=March 21, 2025 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Sindicato dos Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras em Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro |language=pt-BR}} At the end of the protest, in downtown Rio de Janeiro, there were clashes between police and protesters, and a bus was set on fire.{{Cite web |last1=Alves |first1=Raoni |last2=Lima |first2=Marcos |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Ônibus é incendiado após protesto no Centro do Rio |url=https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2019/05/15/onibus-e-incendiado-apos-protesto-no-centro-do-rio.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230108143219/https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2019/05/15/onibus-e-incendiado-apos-protesto-no-centro-do-rio.ghtml |archive-date=January 8, 2023 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}} Protesters fired fireworks and firecrackers, and military police in Rio fired stun grenades and tear gas.{{Cite news |last=Lang |first=Marina |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Protesto pela educação no Rio tem rojão, ônibus incendiado e bomba de gás |url=https://educacao.uol.com.br/noticias/2019/05/15/protesto-pela-educacao-no-rio-tem-confusao-rojao-e-bomba-de-gas.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910190453/https://educacao.uol.com.br/noticias/2019/05/15/protesto-pela-educacao-no-rio-tem-confusao-rojao-e-bomba-de-gas.htm |archive-date=September 10, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |work=Universo Online |language=pt-BR}} In Belo Horizonte, capital of Minas Gerais, organizers estimated the presence of 250,000 protesters.{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Estudantes fazem protesto contra corte na educação em BH |url=https://g1.globo.com/mg/minas-gerais/noticia/2019/05/15/estudantes-fazem-protesto-contra-cortes-na-educacao-em-bh.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121233331/https://g1.globo.com/mg/minas-gerais/noticia/2019/05/15/estudantes-fazem-protesto-contra-cortes-na-educacao-em-bh.ghtml |archive-date=January 21, 2022 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}} In Brasília, Fortaleza, Salvador, and Recife, organizers estimated that at least 50,000 protesters attended each demonstration, while in Natal, organizers estimated that 70,000 protesters attended each demonstration.{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Alunos, professores e servidores da Educação protestam contra bloqueio de verbas em Brasília |url=https://g1.globo.com/df/distrito-federal/noticia/2019/05/15/escolas-do-df-fazem-paralisacao-contra-bloqueio-de-verbas-anunciado-pelo-governo-federal.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808011902/https://g1.globo.com/df/distrito-federal/noticia/2019/05/15/escolas-do-df-fazem-paralisacao-contra-bloqueio-de-verbas-anunciado-pelo-governo-federal.ghtml |archive-date=August 8, 2022 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |last=Segundo |first=Edilson |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Manifestantes protestam no Recife contra bloqueio de verbas na educação |url=https://g1.globo.com/pe/pernambuco/noticia/2019/05/15/manifestantes-protestam-no-recife-contra-bloqueio-de-verbas-na-educacao.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212173013/https://g1.globo.com/pe/pernambuco/noticia/2019/05/15/manifestantes-protestam-no-recife-contra-bloqueio-de-verbas-na-educacao.ghtml |archive-date=December 12, 2022 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Ato contra bloqueios na educação termina em Fortaleza com convocação de greve geral |url=https://www.opovo.com.br/noticias/fortaleza/2019/05/15/ato-contra-bloqueios-na-educacao-termina-em-fortaleza-com-convocacao-de-greve-geral.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102211953/https://www.opovo.com.br/noticias/fortaleza/2019/05/15/ato-contra-bloqueios-na-educacao-termina-em-fortaleza-com-convocacao-de-greve-geral.html |archive-date=January 2, 2020 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=O Povo |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Professores e estudantes de Salvador protestam contra bloqueio de recursos da educação anunciado pelo MEC |url=https://g1.globo.com/ba/bahia/noticia/2019/05/15/professores-e-estudantes-de-salvador-protestam-contra-bloqueio-de-recursos-da-educacao-anunciado-pelo-mec.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929164906/https://g1.globo.com/ba/bahia/noticia/2019/05/15/professores-e-estudantes-de-salvador-protestam-contra-bloqueio-de-recursos-da-educacao-anunciado-pelo-mec.ghtml |archive-date=September 29, 2022 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2019 |title=RN tem atos em Natal e pelo menos 11 cidades do interior contra corte de verbas da educação |url=https://g1.globo.com/rn/rio-grande-do-norte/noticia/2019/05/15/rn-tem-atos-contra-bloqueio-de-verbas-da-educacao.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526161722/https://g1.globo.com/rn/rio-grande-do-norte/noticia/2019/05/15/rn-tem-atos-contra-bloqueio-de-verbas-da-educacao.ghtml |archive-date=May 26, 2023 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}

State universities in São Paulo, such as the University of São Paulo (USP){{Cite news |last1=Quinto |first1=Antonio |last2=Escobar |first2=Hector |last3=Caires |first3=Luiza |last4=Talamone |first4=Rosemeire |last5=Salles |first5=Sivlana |last6=Said |first6=Tabita |date=May 16, 2019 |title=Um grito em defesa do futuro do País |url=https://jornal.usp.br/atualidades/manifestacao-15-de-maio/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004082901/https://jornal.usp.br/atualidades/manifestacao-15-de-maio/ |archive-date=October 4, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |work=Jornal da USP |language=pt-BR }}, the State University of Campinas (Unicamp){{Cite web |last=Villen |first=Gabriela |date=May 17, 2019 |title=Comunidade da Unicamp protesta contra cortes na educação e expõe ciência na rua |url=https://unicamp.br/unicamp/noticias/2019/05/17/comunidade-da-unicamp-protesta-contra-cortes-na-educacao-e-expoe-ciencia-na-rua |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250317183546/https://unicamp.br/unicamp/noticias/2019/05/17/comunidade-da-unicamp-protesta-contra-cortes-na-educacao-e-expoe-ciencia-na-rua/ |archive-date=March 17, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Unicamp |language=pt-br}}, and the São Paulo State University (Unesp){{Cite web |date=May 17, 2019 |title=15M em Marília. UMA SÓ LUTA: Unesp Marília de portões trancados em decorrência do 15M |url=https://www.esquerdadiario.com.br/UMA-SO-LUTA-Unesp-Marilia-de-portoes-trancados-em-decorrencia-do-15M |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129170204/https://www.esquerdadiario.com.br/UMA-SO-LUTA-Unesp-Marilia-de-portoes-trancados-em-decorrencia-do-15M |archive-date=November 29, 2020 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Esquerda Diario - Rede internacional |language=es}}, also held protests.

File:Manifestação_estudantil_de_Campinas.jpg, São Paulo took place at night.]]

The National Union of Students and the Brazilian Union of Secondary Students have called for a new protest on May 30.{{Cite web |last=Pinho |first=Angela |date=May 15, 2019 |title=UNE convoca novo megaprotesto contra cortes na educação para o dia 30 |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/educacao/2019/05/une-convoca-novo-megaprotesto-contra-cortes-na-educacao-para-o-dia-30.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303043928/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/educacao/2019/05/une-convoca-novo-megaprotesto-contra-cortes-na-educacao-para-o-dia-30.shtml |archive-date=March 3, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Folha de S.Paulo |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2019 |title=UNE convoca novo protesto contra cortes na educação para o dia 30 de maio |url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/educacao/noticia/2019/05/une-convoca-novo-protesto-contra-cortes-na-educacao-para-o-dia-30-de-maio-cjvpr1l5q03ze01ll9s5jdtb1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250624234306/https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/educacao/noticia/2019/05/une-convoca-novo-protesto-contra-cortes-na-educacao-para-o-dia-30-de-maio-cjvpr1l5q03ze01ll9s5jdtb1.html |archive-date=June 24, 2025 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=Zero Hora |language=pt}} According to estimates by organizers, protests on May 30 spread to 211 cities in 27 states, plus the Federal District.{{Cite web |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Atos do 30M tomam as ruas de diversas cidades nesta quinta |url=https://www.une.org.br/noticias/atos-do-30m-tomam-as-ruas-de-diversas-cidades-nesta-manha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241011232107/https://www.une.org.br/noticias/atos-do-30m-tomam-as-ruas-de-diversas-cidades-nesta-manha/ |archive-date=October 11, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=National Union of Students |language=pt-BR}} According to estimates by the G1 website, demonstrations took place in 136 cities in 25 states plus the Federal District.{{Cite web |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Cidades brasileiras registram atos em defesa da educação |url=https://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/2019/05/30/cidades-brasileiras-registram-atos-em-defesa-da-educacao.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416050233/https://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/2019/05/30/cidades-brasileiras-registram-atos-em-defesa-da-educacao.ghtml |archive-date=April 16, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}

Demonstrations in Salvador and Brasília began in the morning, with organizers estimating attendance at 40,000 and 30,000, respectively.{{Cite web |date=May 30, 2019 |title=30M: manifestações tomam o Brasil |url=https://www.andes.org.br/conteudos/noticia/30M-manifestacoes-tomam-o-brasil1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240415111722/https://www.andes.org.br/conteudos/noticia/30M-manifestacoes-tomam-o-brasil1 |archive-date=April 15, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Sindicato Nacional dos Docentes das Instituições de Ensino Superior |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |last1=Martins |first1=Isadora |last2=Sá |first2=Ana |last3=Rescoe |first3=Beatriz |last4=Soares |first4=Ingrid |last5=Silva |first5=Brenda |last6=Torres |first6=Marina |last7=Lobo |first7=Clara |last8=Silva |first8=Tayanne |last9=Martins |first9=Thays |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Estudantes fazem ato pela educação em Brasília |url=https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/app/noticia/eu-estudante/ensino_ensinosuperior/2019/05/30/ensino_ensinosuperior_interna,758726/estudantes-fazem-ato-pela-educacao-em-brasilia.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919135101/https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/app/noticia/eu-estudante/ensino_ensinosuperior/2019/05/30/ensino_ensinosuperior_interna,758726/estudantes-fazem-ato-pela-educacao-em-brasilia.shtml |archive-date=September 19, 2020 |access-date=May 25, 2025 |website=Correio Braziliense |language=pt-BR}} In the afternoon, there were demonstrations in Recife, Pernambuco, where organizers estimated the attendance of 100,000 protesters, and in São Luís, capital of Maranhão, where they estimated the presence of 30,000 protesters.{{Cite web |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Protesto em defesa da educação é realizado no Centro do Recife {{!}} Pernambuco |url=https://g1.globo.com/pe/pernambuco/noticia/2019/05/30/protesto-em-defesa-da-educacao-e-realizado-no-centro-do-recife.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212213845/https://g1.globo.com/pe/pernambuco/noticia/2019/05/30/protesto-em-defesa-da-educacao-e-realizado-no-centro-do-recife.ghtml |archive-date=December 12, 2022 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |last=Kury |first=Giovana |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Estudantes e professores da UFMA e IFMA protestam hoje (30) contra cortes |url=https://oimparcial.com.br/educacao/2019/05/estudantes-e-professores-da-ufma-e-ifma-protestam-hoje-30-contra-cortes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625133712/https://oimparcial.com.br/educacao/2019/05/estudantes-e-professores-da-ufma-e-ifma-protestam-hoje-30-contra-cortes/ |archive-date=June 25, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=O Imparcial |language=pt-br}}

Most of the demonstrations took place in the late afternoon and early evening, as in the city of Rio de Janeiro, where organizers estimated that 100,000 protesters gathered at the Candelária and marched to Cinelândia, and in the city of São Paulo, where 300,000 gathered at Largo da Batata and marched to Paulista Avenue.{{Cite web |last=Basilio |first=Ana |date=May 31, 2019 |title=Atos pró-educação levam 300 mil a São Paulo e 100 mil ao Rio |url=https://www.cartacapital.com.br/educacao/atos-pro-educacao-levam-300-mil-a-sao-paulo-e-100-mil-ao-rio/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228054537/https://www.cartacapital.com.br/educacao/atos-pro-educacao-levam-300-mil-a-sao-paulo-e-100-mil-ao-rio/ |archive-date=February 28, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=CartaCapital |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |last=Lang |first=Marina |date=May 30, 2019 |title="Educação destrói mitos": Bolsonaro e Moro viram pano de chão em ato no RJ |url=https://educacao.uol.com.br/noticias/2019/05/30/educacao-destroi-mitos-bolsonaro-e-moro-viram-pano-de-chao-em-ato-no-rj.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250121021159/https://educacao.uol.com.br/noticias/2019/05/30/educacao-destroi-mitos-bolsonaro-e-moro-viram-pano-de-chao-em-ato-no-rj.htm |archive-date=January 21, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Universo Online |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |last1=Vencesclau |first1=Pedro |last2=Palhares |first2=Isabela |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Em São Paulo, manifestação contra cortes na Educação evita 'Lula Livre' |url=https://www.estadao.com.br/politica/em-sao-paulo-manifestacao-contra-cortes-na-educacao-e-menor-e-evita-lula-livre/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625134451/https://www.estadao.com.br/politica/em-sao-paulo-manifestacao-contra-cortes-na-educacao-e-menor-e-evita-lula-livre/?srsltid=AfmBOorA-REVpIEz640u8WKrDjf5891fY2TL7dJui75Na-E7cXYc8qSz |archive-date=June 25, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Estadão |language=pt-br}}

Amidst the events of May 30, new demonstrations were called for June 14.{{Cite web |date=May 31, 2019 |title=30M: Segundo tsunami pela educação reafirma força estudantil |url=https://www.une.org.br/noticias/30m-segundo-tsunami-pela-educacao-reafirma-forca-estudantil/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241005011227/https://www.une.org.br/noticias/30m-segundo-tsunami-pela-educacao-reafirma-forca-estudantil/ |archive-date=October 5, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=National Union of Students |language=pt-BR}} The protests took place during a {{Interlanguage link|2019 Brazilian general strike|pt|Greve geral no Brasil em 2019 |lt=general strike}} called by trade unions, unifying student and worker movements.{{Cite web |last=Melim |first=Tatiana |date=May 1, 2019 |title=Greve geral no dia 14 de junho é aprovada pelos trabalhadores neste 1° de Maio |url=https://www.cut.org.br/noticias/greve-geral-no-dia-14-de-junho-e-aprovada-pelos-trabalhadores-neste-1-de-maio-b33a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241211022426/https://www.cut.org.br/noticias/greve-geral-no-dia-14-de-junho-e-aprovada-pelos-trabalhadores-neste-1-de-maio-b33a |archive-date=December 11, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Central Única dos Trabalhadores |language=pt-br}} By 8 p.m. that day, According to the Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT), one of the event organizers, demonstrations took place in 380 cities across all states of the country and in the Federal District, involving 45 million workers.{{Cite web |date=June 14, 2019 |title=Greve Geral termina com mobilizações em 380 cidades contra a reforma da Previdência |url=https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2019/06/14/greve-geral-termina-com-mobilizacoes-em-360-cidades-contra-a-reforma-da-previdencia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250419055409/https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2019/06/14/greve-geral-termina-com-mobilizacoes-em-360-cidades-contra-a-reforma-da-previdencia/ |archive-date=April 19, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Brasil de Fato |language=pt-BR}} 19 Brazilian capitals had their bus systems affected, but considering other modes of transport, the number of capitals affected rose to 21.{{Cite web |date=June 14, 2019 |title=Cidades brasileiras têm paralisação e protestos nesta sexta-feira |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/06/14/cidades-brasileiras-tem-paralisacoes-em-servicos-publicos-nesta-sexta-feira.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622183724/https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/06/14/cidades-brasileiras-tem-paralisacoes-em-servicos-publicos-nesta-sexta-feira.ghtml |archive-date=June 22, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}

File:Protestos_em_Florianópolis,_13-08-2019_(2).jpg, capital of Santa Catarina, on August 13, 2019, against pension reform and cuts in public education funding.]]

Called by entities such as the UNE and UBES, the protests on August 13 were also against the pension reform bill being debated in Congress.{{Cite web |last=Bertoni |first=Estêvão |date=August 13, 2019 |title=Como foram os protestos de 13 de agosto contra o governo |url=https://www.nexojornal.com.br/expresso/2019/08/13/como-foram-os-protestos-de-13-de-agosto-contra-o-governo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327173829/https://www.nexojornal.com.br/expresso/2019/08/13/como-foram-os-protestos-de-13-de-agosto-contra-o-governo |archive-date=March 27, 2023 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Nexo Jornal |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |date=August 12, 2019 |title=Curitiba terá ato contra projeto que muda custeio das universidades federais |url=https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/curitiba/protesto-ufpr-13-agosto-2019/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191006172709/https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/curitiba/protesto-ufpr-13-agosto-2019/ |archive-date=October 6, 2019 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Gazeta do Povo |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |title=O tsunami voltou! 13 de agosto é data de novo protesto estudantil – Ubes – União Brasileira dos Estudantes Secundaristas |url=https://www.ubes.org.br/2019/o-tsunami-voltou-13-de-agosto-e-data-de-novo-protesto-estudantil/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250213033117/https://www.ubes.org.br/2019/o-tsunami-voltou-13-de-agosto-e-data-de-novo-protesto-estudantil |archive-date=February 13, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=União Brasileira dos Estudantes Secundaristas |language=pt-BR}} It was the third nationwide mobilization against the budget cuts announced by Weintraub — the protests on June 14 were secondary, as the main event was the {{Interlanguage link|2019 Brazilian general strike|pt|Greve geral no Brasil em 2019 |lt=general strike}}.{{Cite web |last=Ramalhoso |first=Wellington |date=August 8, 2019 |title=Insatisfeita após reunião com Weintraub, UNE quer mobilizar 80 cidades |url=https://educacao.uol.com.br/noticias/2019/08/08/une-weintraub-movimento-estudantil-manifestacao.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250419175911/https://educacao.uol.com.br/noticias/2019/08/08/une-weintraub-movimento-estudantil-manifestacao.htm |archive-date=April 19, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Universo Online |language=pt-br}} In Brasília, Minister of Justice and Public Security Sergio Moro authorized the use of the National Force to protect the Ministries Esplanade.{{Cite web |date=August 8, 2019 |title=Ministro autoriza apoio da Força Nacional no Ministério da Educação |url=https://www.gov.br/mj/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/collective-nitf-content-1565276919.83 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625141118/https://www.gov.br/mj/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/collective-nitf-content-1565276919.83 |archive-date=June 25, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Ministry of Justice and Public Security}}

According to UNE, 900,000 people attended the demonstrations, which took place in 206 cities across all states, including the Federal District.{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2019 |title=Atos contra Bolsonaro levam milhares às ruas pelo Brasil |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/educacao/2019/08/atos-contra-bolsonaro-levam-milhares-as-ruas-no-rio-e-em-sp.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241005011845/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/educacao/2019/08/atos-contra-bolsonaro-levam-milhares-as-ruas-no-rio-e-em-sp.shtml |archive-date=October 5, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Folha de S.Paulo |language=pt-BR}} In Rio, protesters marched from Candelária to the Petrobras building, where they defended the state-owned company.{{Cite web |last1=Grellet |first1=Fábio |last2=Cordeiro |first2=Felipe |last3=Vainer |first3=Gabirel |last4=Frazão |first4=Heliana |last5=Kurse |first5=Tulio |date=August 13, 2019 |title=Estudantes fazem protesto contra cortes na educação pelo País |url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/agencia-estado/2019/08/13/estudantes-fazem-protesto-contra-cortes-na-educacao-pelo-pais.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191129090301/https://noticias.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/agencia-estado/2019/08/13/estudantes-fazem-protesto-contra-cortes-na-educacao-pelo-pais.htm |archive-date=November 29, 2019 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Universo Online |language=pt-br}} In Brasília, organizers counted 10,000 protesters, while {{Interlanguage link|Federal District Military Police (Brazil)|pt|Polícia Militar do Distrito Federal |lt=police}} estimated 4,000. In Curitiba, in front of the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) building, banners reading “Moro is a criminal” were  raised by protesters. In São Paulo, the demonstration took place on Paulista Avenue in front of the São Paulo Museum of Art (MASP) building, in the direction of Consolação, and was attended by trade unions and politicians from the Workers' Party (PT), such as Luiz Marinho, {{Interlanguage link|Beth Sahão|pt|Beth Sahão |lt=Beth Sahão}}, and {{Interlanguage link|Professora Bebel|pt|Professora Bebel|lt=Professora Bebel}}.{{Cite web |last=Figueiredo |first=Patrícia |date=August 13, 2019 |title=Manifestantes fazem ato em defesa da educação e contra a reforma da Previdência em SP |url=https://g1.globo.com/sp/sao-paulo/noticia/2019/08/13/manifestantes-fazem-ato-em-defesa-da-educacao-e-contra-a-reforma-da-previdencia-na-avenida-paulista.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004070440/https://g1.globo.com/sp/sao-paulo/noticia/2019/08/13/manifestantes-fazem-ato-em-defesa-da-educacao-e-contra-a-reforma-da-previdencia-na-avenida-paulista.ghtml |archive-date=October 4, 2022 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}} According to UNE, 100,000 people were present on Paulista Avenue.{{Cite web |date=August 13, 2019 |title=Terceiro tsunami da educação leva 100 mil a Paulista e 1,5 milhão no país |url=https://www.une.org.br/noticias/terceiro-tsunami-da-educacao-leva-100-mil-a-paulista-e-15-mil-milhao-no-pais/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241005005036/https://www.une.org.br/noticias/terceiro-tsunami-da-educacao-leva-100-mil-a-paulista-e-15-mil-milhao-no-pais/ |archive-date=October 5, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=National Union of Students |language=pt-BR}}

Demonstrations were called for September 7, Brazil's Independence Day. On September 3, President Jair Bolsonaro asked people to take to the streets dressed in green and yellow to “show the world” that “the Amazon is ours,” in response to the international crisis caused by forest fires in the Amazon.{{Cite web |last=Coletta |first=Ricardo |date=September 3, 2019 |title=Bolsonaro pede uso de verde e amarelo no 7 de Setembro por soberania da Amazônia |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2019/09/bolsonaro-pede-uso-de-verde-e-amarelo-no-7-de-setembro-em-defesa-da-amazonia.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806202357/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2019/09/bolsonaro-pede-uso-de-verde-e-amarelo-no-7-de-setembro-em-defesa-da-amazonia.shtml |archive-date=August 6, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Folha de S.Paulo |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite news |last=Watts |first=Jonathan |date=August 21, 2019 |title=Jair Bolsonaro claims NGOs behind Amazon forest fire surge – but provides no evidence |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/21/jair-bolsonaro-accuses-ngos-setting-fire-amazon-rainforest |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250228135231/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/21/jair-bolsonaro-accuses-ngos-setting-fire-amazon-rainforest |archive-date=February 28, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}} In response, the UNE and UBES, seeing parallels with former President Fernando Collor de Mello's request, called for the return of the {{Interlanguage link|Caras-pintadas|pt|Caras-pintadas|lt=Caras-pintadas}} (Painted Faces) and urged protesters to wear black to symbolize mourning for the situation in the Amazon and education.{{Cite web |last=Amado |first=Guilherme |date=September 4, 2019 |title=UNE convoca uso de preto no 7 de setembro: 'Luto' |url=https://epoca.globo.com/guilherme-amado/une-convoca-uso-de-preto-no-7-de-setembro-luto-23925843 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904131651/https://epoca.globo.com/guilherme-amado/une-convoca-uso-de-preto-no-7-de-setembro-luto-23925843 |archive-date=September 4, 2019 |access-date=September 4, 2019 |website=Época}}

According to the Central dos Movimentos Populares (CMP), organizer of Cry of the Excluded, 132 cities held demonstrations in which education cuts were also on the agenda, in addition to the traditional march organized by the CMP.{{Cite web |last=Dulce |first=Emily |date=September 7, 2019 |title="Grito dos excluídos" e "Tsunami da Educação" levam milhares às ruas contra Bolsonaro |url=https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2019/09/07/grito-dos-excluidos-e-tsunami-da-educacao-levam-milhares-as-ruas-contra-bolsonaro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429113845/https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2019/09/07/grito-dos-excluidos-e-tsunami-da-educacao-levam-milhares-as-ruas-contra-bolsonaro/ |archive-date=April 29, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Brasil de Fato |language=pt-BR}} In São Paulo, the demonstration was concentrated in Praça Osvaldo Cruz, gathering 15,000 people according to organizers, and ended at the Monument to the Bandeiras in Ibirapuera Park. Portuguese writer Valter hugo mãe was present at the demonstration. In Rio de Janeiro, the demonstration was concentrated in Praça Mauá and included left-wing parties and students.{{Cite web |last=Barbon |first=Júlia |date=September 7, 2019 |title=Desfile de 7 de Setembro no Rio tem protesto e Witzel em tanque de guerra |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2019/09/desfile-de-7-de-setembro-no-rio-tem-protesto-e-witzel-em-tanque-de-guerra.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731170345/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2019/09/desfile-de-7-de-setembro-no-rio-tem-protesto-e-witzel-em-tanque-de-guerra.shtml |archive-date=July 31, 2021 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Folha de S.Paulo |language=pt-BR}}

On October 2 and 3, the Executive Board of UNE and UBES called for 48 hours of national mobilization.{{Cite web |date=October 1, 2019 |title=Greve Nacional dos Estudantes é convocada para os dias 2 e 3 de outubro |url=https://www.cartacapital.com.br/educacao/greve-nacional-dos-estudantes-e-convocada-para-os-dias-2-e-3-de-outubro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914080538/https://www.cartacapital.com.br/educacao/greve-nacional-dos-estudantes-e-convocada-para-os-dias-2-e-3-de-outubro/ |archive-date=September 14, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=CartaCapital |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |date=September 27, 2019 |title=Estudantes e trabalhadores da UFRGS definem greve nos dias 2 e 3 de outubro |url=https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2019/09/27/estudantes-e-trabalhadores-da-ufrgs-definem-greve-nos-dias-2-e-3-de-outubro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325042411/https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2019/09/27/estudantes-e-trabalhadores-da-ufrgs-definem-greve-nos-dias-2-e-3-de-outubro/ |archive-date=March 25, 2023 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Brasil de Fato |language=pt-BR}} According to G1's findings, nine states joined the strike, including Acre, Minas Gerais, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Sergipe.{{Cite web |date=October 2, 2019 |title=Professores, alunos e servidores aderem à mobilização nacional pela educação |url=https://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/2019/10/02/professores-alunos-e-servidores-aderem-a-mobilizacao-nacional-pela-educacao.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007161057/https://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/2019/10/02/professores-alunos-e-servidores-aderem-a-mobilizacao-nacional-pela-educacao.ghtml |archive-date=October 7, 2022 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}

At Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), around 200 people occupied the institution's rector's office from August 30 to September 18. The reason was the appointment of Marcelo Recktenvald, who came third in the public consultation, as the institution's new rector.{{Cite web |last=Ricardo |first=William |date=September 19, 2019 |title=Após ocupação, estudantes decidem deixar sede da Reitoria da UFFS, em Chapecó |url=https://ndmais.com.br/educacao/apos-ocupacao-estudantes-decidem-deixar-sede-da-reitoria-da-uffs-em-chapeco/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250425170010/https://ndmais.com.br/educacao/apos-ocupacao-estudantes-decidem-deixar-sede-da-reitoria-da-uffs-em-chapeco/ |archive-date=April 25, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=ND Mais |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |last=Debona |first=Darci |date=September 3, 2019 |title=Estudantes mantêm ocupação na reitoria da UFFS, em Chapecó |url=https://www.nsctotal.com.br/noticias/estudantes-mantem-ocupacao-na-reitoria-da-uffs-em-chapeco |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250428062939/https://www.nsctotal.com.br/noticias/estudantes-mantem-ocupacao-na-reitoria-da-uffs-em-chapeco |archive-date=April 28, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=NSC Total |language=pt-BR}} Recktenvald is a Bolsonaro supporter and has participated in demonstrations in favor of Operation Car Wash, as well as being a global warming denier and a student of Olavo de Carvalho, the intellectual guru of the Brazilian far right.{{Cite web |last=Eller |first=Johanss |date=August 31, 2019 |title=Apoiador de Bolsonaro, terceiro nome da lista tríplice da UFFS é nomeado reitor |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/apoiador-de-bolsonaro-terceiro-nome-da-lista-triplice-da-uffs-nomeado-reitor-23918123 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609043831/https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/apoiador-de-bolsonaro-terceiro-nome-da-lista-triplice-da-uffs-nomeado-reitor-23918123 |archive-date=June 9, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=O Globo |language=pt-BR}}

In assemblies held after the end of the occupation, on all six campuses, the academic community of the UFFS) approved by 94.22% the request for the dismissal of Marcelo Recktenvald.{{Cite web |last= |date=September 30, 2019 |title=Comunidade acadêmica da UFFS aprova destituição de reitor nomeado pelo governo Bolsonaro |url=https://jornalggn.com.br/noticia/comunidade-academica-da-uffs-aprova-destituicao-de-reitor-nomeado-pelo-governo-bolsonaro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250412122155/https://jornalggn.com.br/noticia/comunidade-academica-da-uffs-aprova-destituicao-de-reitor-nomeado-pelo-governo-bolsonaro/ |archive-date=April 12, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Jornal GGN |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |last=Gomes |first=Luís |date=September 30, 2019 |title=Comunidade acadêmica da UFFS aprova destituição de reitor nomeado pelo governo Bolsonaro |url=https://www.sul21.com.br/ultimas-noticias/geral/2019/09/comunidade-academica-da-uffs-aprova-destituicao-de-reitor-nomeado-pelo-governo-bolsonaro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.ph/4v1gB |archive-date=June 25, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Sul21}} Despite the academic council's statement, the constitutional decision to appoint the president of federal universities prevailed, and Recktenvald ended his term as rector in 2023.{{Cite web |last=Scheffer |first=Gabriel |date=May 30, 2025 |title=Marcelo Recktenvald assumirá vaga na Câmara de Vereadores de Chapecó |url=https://diregional.com.br/di-folha-de-chapeco/politica/2025-05-30-marcelo-recktenvald-assumira-vaga-na-camara-de-vereadores |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625154047/https://diregional.com.br/di-folha-de-chapeco/politica/2025-05-30-marcelo-recktenvald-assumira-vaga-na-camara-de-vereadores |archive-date=June 25, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Portal DI Regional |language=pt-br}}

File:Dia_Nacional_em_Defesa_da_Educação,_2019.05.15_-_2.jpg (CUT) during the protest on Paulista Avenue.]]

The president of the republic, Jair Bolsonaro, was in Dallas, Texas, United States, during the first demonstration (on May 15), where he called the protesters “useful idiots and a mob,” which earned him criticism.{{Cite web |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Bolsonaro chama manifestantes de 'idiotas úteis e massa de manobra' e recebe críticas |url=https://g1.globo.com/jornal-nacional/noticia/2019/05/15/bolsonaro-chama-manifestantes-de-idiotas-uteis-e-massa-de-manobra-e-recebe-criticas.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307031848/https://g1.globo.com/jornal-nacional/noticia/2019/05/15/bolsonaro-chama-manifestantes-de-idiotas-uteis-e-massa-de-manobra-e-recebe-criticas.ghtml |archive-date=March 7, 2023 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Jornal Nacional |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |last=Escobar |first=Hector |date=May 17, 2019 |title=In Brazil, 'useful idiots' protest cuts to research and education |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/brazil-useful-idiots-protest-cuts-research-and-education |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526205654/https://www.science.org/content/article/brazil-useful-idiots-protest-cuts-research-and-education |archive-date=May 26, 2023 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Science |language=en}} Vice President Hamilton Mourão, took a different stance in front of the press, stating that “demonstrations are part of the democratic system, as long as they are peaceful, orderly, and do not restrict other people's right to come and go. It is a way for those who feel dissatisfied to express their protest. So, it's normal.”{{Cite web |last1=Soares |first1=Jussara |last2=Maia |first2=Gustavo |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Mourão diz que manifestações contra bloqueio do MEC fazem parte do sistema democrático |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/educacao/mourao-diz-que-manifestacoes-contra-bloqueio-do-mec-fazem-parte-do-sistema-democratico-23667277 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250625154916/https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/educacao/mourao-diz-que-manifestacoes-contra-bloqueio-do-mec-fazem-parte-do-sistema-democratico-23667277 |archive-date=June 25, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=O Globo |language=pt-BR}}

The Free Brazil Movement (MBL), active in the demonstrations calling for the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff, acknowledged that the left wing staged “the largest demonstration in years.” The organization also criticized spending cuts: “[...] The government cannot continue to make political mistakes as it is doing today.”{{Cite web |last=Siqueira |first=André |date=May 15, 2019 |title=MBL diz que esquerda fez a maior manifestação em anos |url=https://veja.abril.com.br/politica/mbl-diz-que-esquerda-fez-a-maior-manifestacao-em-anos/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250418131145/https://veja.abril.com.br/politica/mbl-diz-que-esquerda-fez-a-maior-manifestacao-em-anos/ |archive-date=April 18, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Veja |language=pt-BR}}

File:Dia_Nacional_em_Defesa_da_Educação_-_Sorocaba-SP_01.jpg (PSOL), in the city of Sorocaba, São Paulo. ]]

Some political parties, mostly from the left, released statements defending the protests: Workers' Party (PT){{Cite web |last=Pinto |first=Paulo |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Tsunami da educação para o Brasil e leva 2 milhões de pessoas às ruas |url=https://pt.org.br/tsunami-da-educacao-para-o-brasil-e-leva-2-milhoes-de-pessoas-as-ruas/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123110236/https://pt.org.br/tsunami-da-educacao-para-o-brasil-e-leva-2-milhoes-de-pessoas-as-ruas/ |archive-date=January 23, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Workers' Party}}, Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB){{Cite web |last=Iliescu |first=Daniel |date=May 14, 2019 |title=Defenda a Educação e ajude a mudar os rumos do país |url=https://pcdob.org.br/noticias/daniel-iliescu-defenda-a-educacao-e-ajude-a-mudar-os-rumos-do-pais/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103224032/https://pcdob.org.br/noticias/daniel-iliescu-defenda-a-educacao-e-ajude-a-mudar-os-rumos-do-pais/ |archive-date=November 3, 2022 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Communist Party of Brazil |language=pt-BR}}, Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB){{Cite web |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Grito em defesa da educação ecoa nas ruas do Brasil; PSB participa de manifestações contra cortes de Bolsonaro |url=https://psb40.org.br/grito-em-defesa-da-educacao-ecoa-nas-ruas-do-brasil-psb-participa-de-manifestacoes-contra-cortes-de-bolsonaro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225112411/https://psb40.org.br/grito-em-defesa-da-educacao-ecoa-nas-ruas-do-brasil-psb-participa-de-manifestacoes-contra-cortes-de-bolsonaro/ |archive-date=February 25, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Brazilian Socialist Party |language=pt-BR}}, Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB){{Cite web |date=May 16, 2019 |title=MDB defende educação como prioridade para a sociedade |url=https://www.mdb.org.br/mdb-defende/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612222044/https://www.mdb.org.br/mdb-defende/ |archive-date=June 12, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Brazilian Democratic Movement |language=pt-BR}}, Democratic Labour Party (PDT){{Cite web |last=Isaque |first=Elizângela |date=July 19, 2019 |title=Trabalhistas voltam para a direção da União Nacional dos Estudantes - PDT |url=https://pdt.org.br/index.php/trabalhistas-voltam-para-direcao-da-une/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031184636/https://pdt.org.br/index.php/trabalhistas-voltam-para-direcao-da-une/ |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Democratic Labour Party |language=pt-BR}} , Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL){{Cite web |last=Boulos |first=Gulherme |author-link=Guilherme Boulos |date=May 19, 2025 |title=O medo muda de lado após multidão estudantil peitar Bolsonaro |url=https://www.cartacapital.com.br/opiniao/o-medo-muda-de-lado-apos-multidao-estudantil-peitar-bolsonaro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108131859/https://www.cartacapital.com.br/opiniao/o-medo-muda-de-lado-apos-multidao-estudantil-peitar-bolsonaro/ |archive-date=November 8, 2022 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=CartaCapital |language=pt-BR}}, Green Party (PV){{Cite web |last= |first= |date=May 15, 2019 |title=Veja onde e quando ocorrem os protestos contra os cortes na educação nesta quarta |url=https://pv.org.br/veja-onde-e-quando-ocorrem-os-protestos-contra-os-cortes-na-educacao-nesta-quarta/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304210227/https://pv.org.br/veja-onde-e-quando-ocorrem-os-protestos-contra-os-cortes-na-educacao-nesta-quarta/ |archive-date=March 4, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Green Party |language=pt-BR}}, United Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU){{Cite web |last= |first= |date=May 21, 2019 |title=Dia 15 de maio: A luta dos estudantes e trabalhadores mostra o caminho! |url=https://www.pstu.org.br/dia-15-de-maio-a-luta-dos-estudantes-e-trabalhador/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221102105746/https://www.pstu.org.br/dia-15-de-maio-a-luta-dos-estudantes-e-trabalhador/ |archive-date=November 2, 2022 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=United Socialist Workers' Party |language=pt-BR}},Sustainability Network (REDE){{Cite web |last=Oliveira |first=Joana |date=May 31, 2019 |title=Segundo ato por ensino continua capilarizado por cidades do país |url=https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2019/05/30/politica/1559218903_836093.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531022734/https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2019/05/30/politica/1559218903_836093.html |archive-date=May 31, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=El País Brasil |language=pt-br}} , Workers' Cause Party (PCO){{Cite web |date=May 11, 2019 |title=Professores e alunos de todo o País vão parar no dia 15 de maio - Diário Causa Operária |url=https://causaoperaria.org.br/2019/professores-e-alunos-de-todo-o-pais-vao-parar-no-dia-15-de-maio/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413132119/https://causaoperaria.org.br/2019/professores-e-alunos-de-todo-o-pais-vao-parar-no-dia-15-de-maio/ |archive-date=April 13, 2024 |access-date=May 25, 2025 |website=Workers' Cause Party |language=pt-BR}}, and Brazilian Communist Party (PCB).{{Cite web |last= |date=May 14, 2019 |title=15/05: Greve Nacional da Educação contra os ataques de Bolsonaro |url=https://pcb.org.br/portal2/23075 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250214174158/https://pcb.org.br/portal2/23075 |archive-date=February 14, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Brazilian Communist Party |language=pt-BR}}

In addition to student movements, social movements and unions such as CUT{{Cite web |date=May 13, 2019 |title=15 de maio: confira onde serão os atos e paralisações em todo o Brasil |url=https://www.cut.org.br/noticias/15-de-maio-confira-onde-serao-os-atos-e-paralisacoes-em-todo-o-brasil-5e6d |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241109000535/https://www.cut.org.br/noticias/15-de-maio-confira-onde-serao-os-atos-e-paralisacoes-em-todo-o-brasil-5e6d |archive-date=November 9, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Central Única dos Trabalhadores |language=pt-br}}, {{Interlanguage link|Central dos Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras do Brasil|pt|Central dos Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras do Brasil|lt=Central dos Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras do Brasil}} (CTB){{Cite news |last=Fellet |first=João |date=May 30, 2019 |title=Presença de partidos, sindicatos e 'Lula Livre' causa divergências em ato pela educação em SP |url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-48469377 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328050912/https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-48469377 |archive-date=March 28, 2023 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |work=BBC News Brasil |language=pt-BR}}, Homeless Workers' Movement (MTST), and Landless Workers' Movement (MST){{Cite web |last=Alcântara |first=Fernanda |date=May 28, 2019 |title=A luta pela educação e o campo: Dia 30 vai ser maior! |url=https://mst.org.br/2019/05/28/a-luta-pela-educacao-e-o-campo-dia-30-vai-ser-maior/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528073641/https://mst.org.br/2019/05/28/a-luta-pela-educacao-e-o-campo-dia-30-vai-ser-maior/ |archive-date=May 28, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Landless Workers' Movement |language=pt-BR}} also participated in the demonstrations.

{{See also|Opinion polling on the Jair Bolsonaro presidency}}

A week after the end of the May 15 protests, an opinion poll showed that 57% of respondents believed the protests were important, while 38% believed they were not important and 5% did not respond.{{Cite web |date=May 2019 |title=Pesquisa XP com a População |url=https://static.poder360.com.br/2019/05/xpipespepesquisa.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250504041611/https://static.poder360.com.br/2019/05/xpipespepesquisa.pdf |archive-date=May 4, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=XP Investimentos}} The same poll showed that, for the first time, disapproval of the Bolsonaro government exceeded approval.{{Cite web |last=Mortari |first=Marcos |date=May 24, 2019 |title='Notícia bem recebida', diz Bolsonaro sobre EUA priorizarem Brasil na OCDE |url=https://www.infomoney.com.br/politica/noticia-bem-recebida-diz-bolsonaro-sobre-eua-priorizarem-brasil-na-ocde/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524113254/https://www.infomoney.com.br/mercados/politica/noticia/8336718/apos-manifestacoes-bolsonaro-ve-rejeicao-superar-aprovacao-pela-primeira-vez-mostra-xpipespe |archive-date=May 24, 2019 |access-date=May 24, 2019 |website=InfoMoney |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |last1=Schreiber |first1=Mariana |last2=Idoeta |first2=Paula |date=May 26, 2019 |title=Qual pode ser o impacto das manifestações para o futuro do governo Bolsonaro? |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2019/05/qual-pode-ser-o-impacto-das-manifestacoes-para-o-futuro-do-governo-bolsonaro.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117214222/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2019/05/qual-pode-ser-o-impacto-das-manifestacoes-para-o-futuro-do-governo-bolsonaro.shtml |archive-date=January 17, 2022 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Folha de S.Paulo |language=pt-BR}}

In response to the protests, supporters of the Bolsonaro administration scheduled a demonstration for May 26 to defend the government and its reforms. {{Interlanguage link|Marcelo Ramos (Brazilian politcian)|pt|Marcelo Ramos (político) |lt=Marcelo Ramos}}, a federal representative from Amazonas, stated: “This protest on May 26 is the most surreal thing I have ever seen in my life. It is a protest in favor of pension reform against those who are in favor of pension reform. It is completely nonsensical. [...] This protest is a protest to generate a climate of questioning democratic institutions and create chaos in the country."{{Cite web |last=Silva |first=Daniel |date=May 20, 2019 |title=Manifestação pró-governo é 'sem pé nem cabeça', diz presidente de comissão {{!}} Bahia |url=https://veja.abril.com.br/coluna/bahia/manifestacao-pro-governo-e-sem-pe-nem-cabeca-diz-presidente-de-comissao/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250418124459/https://veja.abril.com.br/blog/bahia/manifestacao-pro-governo-e-sem-pe-nem-cabeca-diz-presidente-de-comissao/ |archive-date=April 18, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Veja |language=pt-BR}}

In a survey conducted by G1, acts in support of the government carried out on May 26 were recorded in at least 156 cities in all Brazilian states, plus the Federal District.{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2019 |title=Comparativo entre as manifestações a favor de Bolsonaro e os protestos contra cortes na educação |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/05/26/manifestacoes-a-favor-de-bolsonaro-x-protestos-contra-cortes-na-educacao.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926072650/https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/05/26/manifestacoes-a-favor-de-bolsonaro-x-protestos-contra-cortes-na-educacao.ghtml |archive-date=September 26, 2023 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}} Among the proposals advocated were pension reform and Minister Sergio Moro's anti-crime package.{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2019 |title=Cidades brasileiras registram atos em apoio ao governo Bolsonaro |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/05/26/cidades-brasileiras-registram-atos-em-apoio-ao-governo-bolsonaro.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218201312/https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2019/05/26/cidades-brasileiras-registram-atos-em-apoio-ao-governo-bolsonaro.ghtml |archive-date=February 18, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}} Minority groups also called for the closure of Congress, which is considered a crime.{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2019 |title=Bolsonaro endossa atos marcados por críticas a Legislativo e Judiciário |url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2019/05/26/manifestacoes-a-favor-governo-bolsonaro-congresso-judiciario-stf.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250126144457/https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2019/05/26/manifestacoes-a-favor-governo-bolsonaro-congresso-judiciario-stf.htm |archive-date=January 26, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Universo Online |language=pt-br}} The demonstrations were marked by attacks on the Supreme Federal Court (STF), the president of the Chamber of Deputies, Rodrigo Maia (DEM-RJ), and the “Centrão” political bloc.{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2019 |title=Atos defendem reformas; Maia e Centrão viram alvo |url=https://www.estadao.com.br/politica/manifestantes-pro-bolsonaro-vao-as-ruas-em-todos-os-estados-do-pais/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612085109/https://politica.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,manifestantes-pro-bolsonaro-vao-as-ruas-em-todos-os-estados-do-pais,70002844529 |archive-date=June 12, 2025 |access-date=May 25, 2025 |website=Estadão |language=pt-br}} Most of the protesters were dressed in green and yellow and carried Brazilian flags.{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2019 |title=Manifestantes fazem ato pró-Bolsonaro em Copacabana |url=https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2019/05/26/manifestantes-fazem-ato-pro-bolsonaro-em-copacabana.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250424221706/https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2019/05/26/manifestantes-fazem-ato-pro-bolsonaro-em-copacabana.ghtml |archive-date=April 24, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}

Commenting on the demonstrations in support of the government, Bolsonaro said: "Today is a day when people are taking to the streets. Not to defend a president, a politician, or anyone else. They are going to defend the future of this nation. It is a spontaneous demonstration. It has a clear agenda, respects the law and institutions, but its purpose is to send a message to those who insist on old practices and do not want to let the people be free." The statements were made during a service at the Atitude Church in the west of Rio de Janeiro.{{Cite web |last=Torres |first=Lívia |date=May 26, 2019 |title=Bolsonaro diz que manifestação é 'recado àqueles que teimam com velhas práticas' |url=https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2019/05/26/bolsonaro-diz-que-povo-esta-indo-as-ruas-para-dar-recado-aqueles-que-teimam-com-velhas-praticas.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712052131/https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/noticia/2019/05/26/bolsonaro-diz-que-povo-esta-indo-as-ruas-para-dar-recado-aqueles-que-teimam-com-velhas-praticas.ghtml |archive-date=July 12, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}

On October 18, the Ministry of Education announced the full release of the education budget, allocating approximately R$1 billion to basic and higher education.{{Cite web |last=Gravia |first=Geovana |date=October 18, 2019 |title=Ministro da Educação anuncia descontingenciamento total no orçamento de universidades e institutos federais |url=https://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/2019/10/18/ministro-da-educacao-afirma-que-vai-descontingenciar-todo-o-orcamento-de-universidades-federais.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321185643/https://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/2019/10/18/ministro-da-educacao-afirma-que-vai-descontingenciar-todo-o-orcamento-de-universidades-federais.ghtml |archive-date=March 21, 2023 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}{{Cite web |last=Matriz |first=Renata |date=September 30, 2019 |title=MEC anuncia descontingenciamento de cerca de R$ 2 bilhões |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/mec-anuncia-descontingenciamento-de-cerca-de-2-bilhoes-23984521 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226042216/https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/mec-anuncia-descontingenciamento-de-cerca-de-2-bilhoes-23984521 |archive-date=December 26, 2024 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=O Globo |language=pt-BR}} Although the Ministry claimed that it had reversed its decision due to higher federal tax revenues, student organizations considered this a victory for the protests that had pressured the government to maintain the education budget.{{Cite web |title=2019, o ano da resistência estudantil |url=https://www.ubes.org.br/2019/2019-o-ano-da-resistencia-estudantil/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250421181533/https://www.ubes.org.br/2019/2019-o-ano-da-resistencia-estudantil/ |archive-date=April 21, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=União Brasileira dos Estudantes Secundaristas |language=pt-BR}}{{Cite web |last=Severo |first=Luciano |date=June 24, 2020 |title=Brasil derruba Weintraub |url=https://diplomatique.org.br/brasil-derruba-weintraub/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250418062531/https://diplomatique.org.br/brasil-derruba-weintraub/ |archive-date=April 18, 2025 |access-date=June 25, 2025 |website=Le Monde Diplomatique |language=pt-BR}}

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{{reflist}}

{{Draft categories|

Category:Presidency of Jair Bolsonaro

Category:2019 in Brazilian politics

Category:2019 protests}}