Edgardo Angara

Edgardo Angara was born on September 24, 1934, in Baler, then part of the sub-province of Aurora in Tayabas (now Quezon), to Juan Angara and Juana Javier.{{Cite book|last=Tan|first=Ruben A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SUSOAAAAMAAJ|title=The Philippine Congress, 1987-1992|date=1988|publisher=Creative Computech Pub.|pages=19|language=en}}{{cite news |url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-190098462 |title=GMA stresses rehabilitation; Baler radar to be upgraded |date=July 1, 2008 |publisher=Manila Bulletin }} He earned his law degree from the University of the Philippines in 1958.{{cite web |url=http://www.martindale.com/Edgardo-J-Angara/1256127-lawyer.htm |title=Edgardo J. Angara lawyer profile |publisher=martindale.com }} While in university, he joined the Sigma Rho fraternity.{{Cite web|url=http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/angara_resume.asp|title=Resume of Senator Angara - Senate of the Philippines|website=www.senate.gov.ph|access-date=August 1, 2019}} Upon graduation, he was elected to the Pi Gamma Mu and Phi Kappa Phi international honor societies.{{cite web |url=http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/senpres/angara.asp |title=Biography of Senate President Angara |publisher=Senate of the Philippines official website |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209014455/http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/senpres/angara.asp |archive-date=February 9, 2010 }} He earned his LL.M. from the University of Michigan Law School in 1964.{{cite web|url=http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/angara_resume.asp |title=Resume of Senator Angara |publisher=Senate of the Philippines official website |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611170946/http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/angara_resume.asp |archive-date=June 11, 2011 }}

Angara was a delegate to the 1971 Constitutional Convention representing the first district of Quezon. In May 1972, he together with classmates (and fraternity brothers from Sigma Rho) from the UP College of Law and Juan Ponce Enrile, founded the ACCRA Law Offices,{{cite web |url=http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/angara_bio.asp |title=Senator Edgardo J. Angara biography |publisher=Senate of the Philippines official website |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209014637/http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/angara_bio.asp |archive-date=February 9, 2010 }} which became the country's most recognized and prestigious law firm in less than a decade. He became president of the Philippine Bar Association from 1975 to 1976, and of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines from 1979 to 1981. He also founded the ASEAN Law Association and became its founding president from 1980 to 1981.

From 1981 to 1987, Angara became president of the University of the Philippines. He rallied alumni in the country and abroad to pool their resources for various projects to mark the university's diamond jubilee in 1983, including the creation of additional professorial chairs and faculty grants. Through his efforts, the liberal arts curriculum was strengthened, a seven-year honors medical curriculum installed, humanities and science were energized, and a multi-campus university organization was instituted. He defended the state university's tradition of dissent and fiscal autonomy, while maintaining its reputation for academic excellence. He established stronger links with the business community and alumni organizations, raising the biggest faculty endowment in the university.

Angara's achievements brought him into politics. He first served as senator from 1987 until 1992. By this time, he had established a reputation as a resolute reformer and firm leader, winning praise for his non-confrontational stance on contentious domestic and international issues, while building consensus at the same time.{{From whom?|date=February 2022}}

On September 16, 1989, Angara led a one-day forum with Alfonso J. Aguirre for the centennial of José Rizal's essay "Filipinas dentro de cien años" ("The Philippines, a Century Hence").{{cite news|title=Conference on Rizal essay|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JpwVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hgsEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6300%2C2102601|access-date=December 31, 2022|work=Manila Standard|publisher=Kagitingan Publications, Inc.|date=September 13, 1989|page=6}}

He was Senate President from 1993 to 1995. As the Senate Chief, Angara, with his aggressive and consensus-building approach leadership style, rallied the upper chamber to pass bills and resolutions for an executive-legislative cooperation in economic reforms, which resulted in the Economic Summit of August 1993.{{Cite news|last=Claveria|first=Eugenio T.|date=December 19, 1993|title=Senate: 'Activist, reformist' in '93|pages=2|work=Manila Standard|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=TpUVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3woEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6452%2C2852098}} It was likewise during his term that the Senate adopted a policy to reimpose the death penalty for heinous crimes and saw the ratification of the Earth Summit treaty, along with five pro-environment treaties, many of which have already been enacted into law.

In August 1995, he resigned from the Senate Presidency and was elected as the new Minority Leader of the Senate.

As chairman of the Congressional Commission on Education from 1990 to 1991, Angara sponsored laws that resulted in the creation of the Commission on Higher Education and the Technical Education and Skill Development Authority, both of which enabled the Department of Education to focus on its main concern - basic education.

He authored the Free High School Act that ensured secondary education even for the poorest; the Senior Citizens Act (or The Angara Law) that allowed the elderly to avail of substantial discounts when buying medicine or riding public transport; the National Health Insurance Act, or PhilHealth, that provided insurance to every citizen; and the Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education (GASTPE), the biggest scholarship program.

Under his Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA), farmers and fisher folk benefited from improved seeds and plant materials, better irrigation, better financing and market access.

He authored the Magna Carta for Public Health Workers and was the principal author of the laws that created the new National Museum and the National Commission on Culture and the Arts.

Angara prepared to run for president in the 1998 Philippine election, but decided against it when it became clear that he could not win over the popular vice president Joseph Estrada. He accepted a deal offered by Estrada to run as his vice presidential candidate instead.{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/05/09/business/worldbusiness/09iht-manila.t.html |first=Don |last=Kirk |work=New York Times |date=May 9, 1998 |title=As Presidential Election Nears, Business Community Ponders Popularity of Estrada }} Although Estrada overwhelmingly won the presidential race, Angara placed second in a field of nine candidates, losing to Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo of Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino. Arroyo won 12.6 million votes compared to Angara's 5.6 million.{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/05/30/world/philippine-congress-affirms-ex-actor-as-new-president.html |date=May 20, 1998 |title=Philippine Congress Affirms Ex-Actor As New President |work=New York Times }}

Upon the inauguration of Estrada as president on June 30, 1998, Angara was named by him to be the chairman of the board of directors of the Philippine National Bank, then a government-owned bank. During his tenure, major policy reforms as well as innovations were introduced by him at the said bank.{{Such as?|date=February 2022}}

In 1999, Angara was appointed Secretary of Agriculture by Estrada.{{Cite news |url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-67754964 |title=LDP urges reforms at Manila Hotel meet |date=December 10, 2000 |first=Rico |last=Navarro |publisher=Manila News }} During his term as secretary (1999–2001), he had the opportunity to implement his own creation, AFMA. He oversaw an improvement of food production programs and support services that led to a bigger harvest of rice, a development that underscored the drive to attain food security. Overall, the agricultural sector saw a growth rate of 3.6 percent a year since 2000, compared with a 1.2 percent growth over the past two decades.[http://www.edangara.com/?q=node/4 Know Ed|edangara.com]

On January 6, 2001, as Estrada's presidency was crippled by an impeachment trial and widespread allegations of corruption, Angara was appointed Executive Secretary following the resignation of Ronaldo Zamora, who resigned to run for Congress.{{Cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-18350066.html |date=January 5, 2001 |agency=Xinhua |title=President Estrada Appoints Angara As New Executive Secretary }}{{dead link|date=February 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} He only served for 14 days, as Estrada was toppled by the EDSA II Revolution on January 20. Angara remained loyal to Estrada until the end of his presidency, though he later asserted that his support for Estrada was contingent on the latter's undertaking to pass reforms.{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/07/news/07iht-phil.2.t_3.html |date=November 7, 2000 |work=New York Times |title=Philippine House Panel Clears Impeachment of Estrada |first=Thomas |last=Fuller }}

Angara successfully ran for senator in the 2001 Philippine election.

He was re-elected to a fourth term in 2007, making him the longest-serving senator in the post-EDSA revolution legislature, matching Senator Lorenzo Tanada who served four consecutive terms from 1947 to 1972. Angara authored or sponsored many laws including the Free High School Education Act, the Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education or GASTPE Law, the Generics Act, the law which created Philhealth, the original Senior Citizens Act, Agricultural and Fisheries Modernization Act, Government Procurement Act, the Renewable Energy Act, among several others.

In 2007, Senator Edgardo Angara and Rep. Juan Edgardo Angara authored Republic Act No. 9490{{cite web|url=http://www.senate.gov.ph/republic_acts/ra%209490.pdf|title=Congress of the Philippines: Republic Act No. 9490|publisher=Senate.gov.ph|access-date=October 29, 2012}} which created the Aurora Special Economic Zone Authority (ASEZA), the body tasked to administer the economic zone in Brgy. Motiong, Casiguran, Aurora. Later on, Republic Act No. 10083 was enacted which amended the name to Aurora Pacific Economic Zone and Freeport Authority or better known as APECO.{{cite web|url=http://www.senate.gov.ph/republic_acts/ra%2010083.pdf |title=Congress of the Philippines: Republic Act No. 10083 |publisher=Senate.gov.ph |access-date=October 29, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402185114/http://www.senate.gov.ph/republic_acts/ra%2010083.pdf |archive-date=April 2, 2012 }} The APECO was created to generate jobs and livelihood not only for Aurora but its neighboring provinces. As a logistics hub, it is a very timely and strategic infrastructure investment for the Philippines catering to Trans-Pacific Ocean traffic.{{cite web |url=http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/letterstotheeditor/view/20101126-305395/No-conflict-of-interest-in-ApecoSen-Angara |title=No conflict of interest in APECO-Sen. Angara |date=November 26, 2010 |publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101129191524/http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/letterstotheeditor/view/20101126-305395/No-conflict-of-interest-in-ApecoSen-Angara |archive-date=November 29, 2010 }}

In the Senate, Angara chaired the Committee on Education, Arts and Culture,{{cite web |url=http://www.senate.gov.ph/committee/list.asp | title=List of Committees |date=April 5, 2011 |publisher=Philippine Star }} Committee on Science and Technology,{{Cite news |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/infotech/view/20080603-140498/Legarda-says-law-creating-DICT-within-year |first=Veronica |last=Uy |date=March 6, 2008 |title=Legarda says law creating DICT within year |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090927094249/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/infotech/view/20080603-140498/Legarda-says-law-creating-DICT-within-year |archive-date=September 27, 2009 }} and the Congressional Commission on Science and Technology and Engineering.{{Cite news |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/infotech/view/20091020-231055/Standard-time-aimed-at-solving-Filipino-time |first=Alexander |last=Villafania |date=October 20, 2009 |title="Standard time" aimed at solving "Filipino time" |publisher=The Inquirer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022084513/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/infotech/view/20091020-231055/Standard-time-aimed-at-solving-Filipino-time |archive-date=October 22, 2009 }}

From January 16 to May 29, 2012, Angara acted as one of the Senator-Judges in the impeachment trial of the Senate of then Chief Justice Renato Corona and was one of the 20 Senator-Judges that voted to convict him of the impeachment charges exhibited by the House of Representatives and remove him from public office.

On October 3, 2012, he announced his candidacy for governor of Aurora in the 2013 Philippine election, but he withdrew and was replaced by his younger brother, Baler Mayor Arthur Angara.

On June 30, 2013, Angara's fourth term in the Senate ended but his son, Sonny placed a bid for Senator, he endorsed his son and campaigned with him with help from fellow senator Miriam Defensor Santiago, helping the younger Angara to be elected.

Edgardo Angara died from an apparent heart attack on May 13, 2018, at the age of 83. His death was announced by his son Sonny over his Twitter page. Angara's necrological services were conducted in the Senate halls on the morning of May 16. His former Senate colleagues such as Sen. Wigberto Tañada attended his funeral, while others such as Rene Saguisag, Pia Cayetano, Nene Pimentel, and former Presidents Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and Joseph Estrada, gave eulogies to Angara. President Rodrigo Duterte and Vice President Leni Robredo visited Angara's funeral in The Heritage Park in Taguig. His remains were buried in his hometown of Baler, Aurora.{{cite news|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/991193/live-eulogies-for-late-senate-president-edgardo-angara-at-senate|title=LIVE: Eulogies for late Senate President Edgardo Angara at Senate|date=May 16, 2018|publisher=INQUIRER.net}}{{cite news|url=https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/05/23/1817824/ex-senate-president-angara-laid-rest|title=Ex-Senate president Angara laid to rest|date=May 28, 2018|first=Paolo|last=Romero|work=The Philippine Star}}

Senator Edgardo Angara's life was dramatized in the episode of ABS-CBN's drama anthology series, Maalaala Mo Kaya, titled "Family Portrait", originally aired on February 2, 2019. He was portrayed by Christopher de Leon, with younger versions portrayed by Raikko Mateo and James Blanco.

{{Reflist|2}}

• [http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/angara_bio.htm Senate of the Philippines - Edgardo Angara]
• [http://www.edangara.com EdAngara.com - Official Website of Philippine Senator Edgardo J. Angara] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614215401/http://edangara.com/ |date=June 14, 2019 }}
• [http://www.i-site.ph/Databases/Congress/13thSenate/SALS/angara-SAL.html Edgardo Angara's Assets and Liabilities]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20050217091556/http://cyberdyaryo.com/commentary/c2001_0110_01.htm Cyberdyaryo.com]
• [http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/storypage.aspx?StoryID=106950 abs-cbnnews.com, Three foreign groups want to partner with local govt for Aurora ecozone - 01/26/2008]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

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