Ehrhardt (typeface)

File:Apologia Bibliorum A biblia védelmezése, 1697.jpg) in 1697, after his return to Transylvania. It defends his somewhat contentious choices of editing and orthography in his Hungarian printing.]]

Miklós Kis, a Transylvanian Protestant pastor and schoolteacher, became deeply interested in printing after being sent to Amsterdam to help print a Hungarian Protestant translation of the Bible.{{cite book|last1=Lawson|first1=Alexander|title=Anatomy of a Typeface|date=1990|publisher=Godine|location=Boston|pages=158–168|isbn=978-0-87923-333-4|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FiJ87ixLs0sC&pg=PA158}}{{cite book|last1=Rozsondai|first1=Marianne|title=E codicibus impressisque : opstellen over het boek in de Lage landen voor Elly Cockx-Indestege|chapter=The bindings of books printed by Miklos Misztotfalusi Kis|date=2004|publisher=Peeters|location=Leuven|isbn=978-90-429-1423-0|pages=149–170|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6wjxd5FhxC0C&pg=PA149}} This was a period of considerable prosperity for the Netherlands and a time when its styles of printing were very influential across Europe, making it a centre for the creation of new typefaces.{{cite book|last1=Middendorp|first1=Jan|title=Dutch type|date=2004|publisher=010 Publishers|location=Rotterdam|isbn=978-90-6450-460-0|page=25|access-date=27 July 2015|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sR9g5xPPJVQC&pg=PA26}}{{cite web|title=Miklós Kis|url=http://www.klingspor-museum.de/KlingsporKuenstler/Schriftdesigner/Kis/MKis.pdf|publisher=Klingspor Museum|access-date=6 November 2015}}{{cite web|title=Quarto|url=http://www.typography.com/fonts/quarto/overview/|publisher=Hoefler & Frere-Jones|access-date=9 December 2015}} He developed a second career as a punchcutter, an engraver of the punches used as a master for making moulds for metal type, working on commission for printers and governments. Kis returned to Transylvania around 1689 and may have left matrices (the moulds used to cast type) in Leipzig on his way home.{{cite book|last1=Morison|first1=Stanley|last2=Carter|first2=Harry|title=A Tally of Types|chapter=Chapter 8: Ehrhardt|date=1973|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-521-09786-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/tallyoftypes0000mori/page/117 117]–122|url=https://archive.org/details/tallyoftypes0000mori|url-access=registration|access-date=11 September 2015}}{{efn|This is a slight simplification: technically the mould is the term used for the frame around which a sort is cut. However, the matrix is the mould for the variable part of a sort.}} The Ehrhardt type foundry of Leipzig released a surviving specimen sheet of them around 1720.{{cite web|title=Ehrhardt Specimen Book image|url=http://showinfo.rietveldacademie.nl/janson/images/e4.png|publisher=Rietveld Academie|access-date=6 November 2015|archive-date=10 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151210205857/http://showinfo.rietveldacademie.nl/janson/images/e4.png|url-status=dead}}{{cite book|last1=Updike|first1=Daniel Berkeley|author-link=Daniel Berkeley Updike|title=Printing Types: Their History, Forms and Uses: Volume 2|date=1922|publisher=Harvard University Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/printingtypesthe02updi/page/44 44]|url=https://archive.org/details/printingtypesthe02updi|access-date=18 December 2015|chapter=Chapter 15: Types of the Netherlands, 1500-1800|quote=A headline...reads "Real Dutch Types"...These fonts resemble those given by Fell to the Oxford Press, and in cut belong to the 17th century. Their provenance I do not know. Although heavy, they retain considerable vivacity of line and have great capabilities when used with taste.}}

Kis's typefaces were in the tradition of Dutch and German printing developed over the previous century that would later be called the "Dutch taste" (goût hollandois), a term originating from the writings of Pierre Simon Fournier in the next century.{{cite web|last1=Mosley|first1=James|title=Type and its Uses, 1455-1830|url=http://www.ies.sas.ac.uk/sites/default/files/files/LRBS/Outline%20of%20Course_Type&itsUses2013_2.pdf|publisher=Institute of English Studies|access-date=7 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009181144/http://www.ies.sas.ac.uk/sites/default/files/files/LRBS/Outline%20of%20Course_Type%26itsUses2013_2.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2016|url-status=dead}} This developed the influence of French typefounding such as the typefaces engraved by Claude Garamond with a smooth, even structure and 'e' with a level cross-stroke, by increasing the stroke width, boosting the x-height (height of lower-case letters) and reducing the length of the descenders to achieve a noticeably darker colour on the page.{{cite journal|last1=Johnson|first1=A. F.|author-link1=Alfred F. Johnson|title=The 'Goût Hollandois'|journal=The Library|date=1939|volume=s4-XX|issue=2|pages=180–196|doi=10.1093/library/s4-XX.2.180}}

Kis's surviving matrices were first acquired by Stempel, and are now held in the collection of the Druckmuseum (Museum of Printing), Darmstadt.{{cite web|last1=Mosley|first1=James|author-link=James Mosley|title=The materials of typefounding|url=http://typefoundry.blogspot.co.uk/2006/01/materials-of-typefounding.html|website=Type Foundry|access-date=14 August 2015}} They were earlier often called the Janson designs, after the Dutch printer Anton Janson, based in Leipzig, who it was once believed might have created them, and Linotype's revival of the same designs in a less condensed form accordingly is named Janson.{{cite web|title=Janson Text|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/adobe/janson-text/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030305071639/http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/adobe/janson-text/|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 5, 2003|website=MyFonts|publisher=Adobe/Linotype|access-date=5 November 2015}}{{cite journal|last1=Heiderhoff|first1=Horst|title=The Rediscovery of a Type Designer: Miklos Kis|journal=Fine Print|date=1984|pages=25–30}} Kis's identity as the maker of the typefaces was rediscovered by comparison with type from Hungarian archive sources (including an autobiography) on which his name was identified.{{cite book|last1=Heiderhoff|first1=Horst|editor-last=Bigelow |editor-first=Charles|title=Fine Print on Type: the best of Fine Print magazine on type and typography|chapter=The Rediscovery of a Type Designer: Miklos Kis|date=1988|publisher=Fine Print|location=San Francisco|isbn=978-0-9607290-2-9|pages=74–80}}{{cite journal|last1=Buday|first1=George|title=Some More Notes on Nicholas Kis of the 'Janson' Types|journal=Library|pages=21–35|date=1974|volume=s5-XXIX | doi=10.1093/library/s5-XXIX.1.21}}

Monotype's development of Ehrhardt took place under the influence of executive and historian of printing Stanley Morison, not long after their successful creation of Times New Roman.{{cite book|last1=Haslam|first1=Andrew|last2=Baines|first2=Phil|title=Type & typography|date=2005|publisher=Laurence King|location=London|isbn=978-1-85669-437-7|page=65|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rs6gyb2hPF4C&pg=PA65}} It began from a recognition that the Janson designs were well-respected by fine printers of the Arts and Crafts period such as Daniel Berkeley Updike, who could print books from them using hand-set type cast from surviving original matrices owned by the Stempel company of Germany. Morison had discussed what he knew of their history with Updike in their extensive correspondence from the 1920s onwards.{{cite book|editor1-last=McKitterick|editor1-first=David|title=Stanley Morison & D.B. Updike: Selected Correspondence|date=1979|publisher=Scolar Press|pages=24–5, etc.}} Modernised versions of the Janson designs for hot metal printing were being created by Linotype and Monotype's American branch at the same time.{{cite journal|last1=Ovink|first1=G. Willem|title=Two Books on Stanley Morison (review)|journal=Quaerendo|date=1 January 1973|volume=3|issue=3|pages=229–242|doi=10.1163/157006973X00237}} In addition, Morison was interested in the history of printing in Leipzig, a centre of the German book trade, and would later write an article on the topic.{{cite book|last=Morison|first=Stanley|editor-last=McKitterick |editor-first=David |title=Selected essays on the history of letterforms in manuscript and print|chapter=Chapter 8: Leipzig as a Centre of Type-Founding|date=2009|pages=149–170|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=978-0-521-18316-1|edition=Paperback reissue, digitally printed version|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-G2tQVnPiCAC&pg=PA132}}

File:Matrixcase-bembo-16pts.jpg from large working drawings and intermediate copper patterns and used to cast type under the control of a keyboard.{{cite journal|title=Monotype matrices and moulds in the making|journal=Monotype Recorder|date=1956|volume=40|issue=3|url=http://www.metaltype.co.uk/downloads/mr/mr_40_3.pdf}} This gave much cleaner results than punches of Kis's time, which had to be hand-carved at the size of the desired letter.]]

Ehrhardt's development took place following a series of breakthroughs in printing technology which had occurred over the last fifty years without breaking from the use of metal type. Pantograph engraving had allowed punches to be precisely machined from large plan drawings. This gave a cleaner result than historic typefaces whose master punches had been hand-carved out of steel at the exact size of the desired letter. It also allowed rapid development of a large range of sizes with the same consistent style of letter in all of them, although in fact the design was adjusted to produce a clear image at different sizes, for instance by widening the letters and spacing and increasing the x-height.{{cite web|last1=Morison|first1=Stanley|author-link=Stanley Morison|title=Printing the Times|url=http://www.eyemagazine.com/feature/article/stanley-morison-changing-the-times|website=Eye|access-date=28 July 2015}}{{cite journal|title=Monotype matrices and moulds in the making|journal=Monotype Recorder|date=1956|volume=40|issue=3|url=http://www.metaltype.co.uk/downloads/mr/mr_40_3.pdf}} In addition, hand printing had been superseded by the hot metal typesetting systems of the period, of which Monotype's was one of the most popular (in competition with that of Linotype's). Both allowed metal type to be quickly cast under the control of a keyboard, eliminating the need to manually cast metal type and slot it into place into a printing press. With no need to keep type in stock, just the matrices used as moulds to cast the type, printers could use a wider range of fonts and there was increasing demand for varied typefaces. Artistically, meanwhile, the preference for using mechanical, geometric Didone letterforms introduced in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was being displaced by a revival of interest in "old-style" serif fonts developed before this, a change that has proved to be lasting.Lawson, A. (1990). Anatomy of a typeface. Boston: Godine, p.200.{{cite journal|title=Facts about Bembo|journal=Monotype Recorder|volume=32|issue=1|page=15|url=http://www.metaltype.co.uk/downloads/mr/mr_32_1.pdf}}{{cite journal|last1=Bigelow|first1=Charles|last2=Seybold|first2=Jonathan|title=Technology and the aesthetics of type|journal=The Seybold Report|date=1981|volume=10|issue=24|pages=3–16|url=https://exhibits.stanford.edu/feigenbaum/catalog/sm213kk8300|issn=0364-5517}} At the same time, hot metal typesetting had imposed new restrictions: in Monotype's system (while less restrictive than Linotype's), in order to mechanically count the number of characters that could be fitted on a line, letters could only be certain widths, and care was needed to produce letters that looked harmonious in spite of this.

File:Ehrhardt specimen.png are based.]]

File:Ehrhardt italics.png

Monotype developed a revival of the Ehrhardt typefaces using a rediscovered specimen sheet as a source, while simultaneously also working on Van Dijck, a revival of the work of Christoffel van Dijck (d. 1669), a slightly earlier Dutch Baroque punch-cutter.{{cite web|title=Van Dijck MT|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/mti/van-dijck/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Monotype|access-date=11 September 2015}}{{cite book|last1=Kinross|first1=Robin|author-link=Robin Kinross|title=Modern Typography: an essay in critical history|date=2004|publisher=Hyphen|location=London|isbn=978-0-907259-18-3|page=79|edition=2nd|url=https://hyphenpress.co.uk/samples/36/MT_sample.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504103128/https://hyphenpress.co.uk/samples/36/MT_sample.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 4, 2015|access-date=14 December 2015}} Ehrhardt's original working title was 'Old Holländische', according to veteran Monotype designer Robin Nicholas.{{cite web|last1=Daniels |last2=Nicholas |first1=Simon |first2=Robin |title=Comments on Typophile thread |url=http://typophile.com/node/77127 |website=Typophile |access-date=8 December 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123082021/http://typophile.com/node/77127 |archive-date=January 23, 2015 }}

Developed by the Monotype drawing office team in Salfords, Surrey, led by Fritz Steltzer, the project veered away from a purely faithful revival towards a denser, more condensed design.{{cite web|last1=Butterick|first1=Matthew|author-link=Matthew Butterick|title=Equity specimen|url=http://mbtype.com/pdf/equity-type-specimen.pdf|pages=3–4|website=Practical Typography|access-date=13 July 2015}}{{cite web|last1=Coltz|first1=Jon|title=A long, passionate Kis, Part 1|url=http://www.daidala.com/01jun2004.html|website=daidala|access-date=14 December 2015}}{{cite web|last1=Coltz|first1=Jon|title=A long, passionate Kis, Part 2|url=http://www.daidala.com/26jun2004.html|website=daidala|access-date=14 December 2015}} This differentiated it from the other Janson revivals on the market.{{cite book|last1=Tracy|first1=Walter|author-link=Walter Tracy|title=Letters of Credit: A View of Type Design|date=2003|page=39|publisher=David R. Godine Publisher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y8NssjbqNcsC&pg=PA39|access-date=16 December 2015|isbn=9781567922400}}{{cite book|last1=Barker|first1=Nicolas|title=Stanley Morison|date=1972|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=9780674834255 |url=https://archive.org/details/stanleymorison0000bark|url-access=registration}} Nicholas commented "I think it was Morison's take on Janson - made a little heavier and narrower to give improved legibility and economy." Typesetting expert Yannis Haralambous wrote of being told by a Monotype manager that the typeface was designed particularly for sale in Germany "to appeal to those who have a weakness for Fraktur" (blackletter or 'Gothic' typefaces, still very popular in Germany in the 1930s).{{cite book|last1=Haralambous|first1=Yannis|title=Fonts & encodings|date=2007|publisher=O'Reilly Media|location=Sebastopol, Calif.|isbn=978-0-596-10242-5|page=381|edition=1st|quote=This typeface was destined primarily for the German market. According to a manager at Monotype, "this typeface was designed to appeal to those who have a weakness for Fraktur."}} In its dense design it may be able to complement blackletter well, and Morison in his article on Leipzig printing suggested that this might have been a motivation behind the original's design style. Ehrhardt's technical production followed Monotype's standard method of the period. The characters were drawn on paper in large plan diagrams by the highly experienced drawing office team, led and trained by Steltzer, who Monotype had recruited from the German printing industry. The drawing staff who executed the design was disproportionately female and in many cases recruited from the local area and the nearby Reigate art school. A wax-copy was made from these drawing, the wax-copy was used to produce a lead plate with the design. These plates were then used as a plan for machining metal punches to stamp matrices in the Benton-pantographs.{{cite journal|last1=Rhatigan|first1=Daniel|title=Gill Sans after Gill|journal=Forum|date=September 2014|issue=28|pages=3–7|url=http://image.linotype.com/files/pdf/GillSansArticle.pdf|access-date=26 December 2015|archive-date=15 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215150435/http://image.linotype.com/files/pdf/GillSansArticle.pdf|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|last1=Rhatigan|first1=Dan|title=Time and Times again|url=http://ultrasparky.org/archives/2011/09/time_and_times_.html|publisher=Monotype|access-date=28 July 2015}} It was Monotype's standard practice at the time to first engrave a limited number of characters and print proofs from them to test overall balance of colour on the page, before completing the remaining characters.

The finished design was first displayed in Monotype's journal, the Monotype Recorder, in 1938 with an unsigned blurb in what Carter would later call "the accents of Morison".{{cite journal|title=Typographic Problems of the Illustrated Book|journal=Monotype Recorder|date=1938|volume=37|issue=2|pages=4–7|url=http://www.metaltype.co.uk/downloads/mr/mr_37_2.pdf|quote=[A] pleasing degree of condensation ... gives increased legibility by its increased x-height and at the same time conserves space. These advantages give wide scope for ... much of the bookwork of today.}} Morison's article on the history of printing in Leipzig would later be typeset in it and it was also used to set a festschrift on his work after his death.{{cite book|title=Stanley Morison: a portrait|editor-last=Barr|editor-first=John|chapter=Colophon|date=1971|publisher=Trustees of the British Museum|page=2|isbn=9780714103297 |url=https://archive.org/details/stanleymorisonpo0000barr}}

Distinctive features of Ehrhardt include an 'A' with gently curving bar matching the centre-link of the 'B', a wide 'T' with spreadeagled serifs on either side and a 'b' with no foot on the left. In italic the 'J' has a crossbar, the 'w' has sharp reverse curves towards the top and left, and the 'v' has a flourish on the left.{{cite journal|title=Fifty Years of Type-Cutting|journal=Monotype Recorder|volume=39|issue=2|page=27|url=http://www.metaltype.co.uk/downloads/mr/mr_39_2.pdf}} The face has high stroke contrast (difference between thick and thin strokes) by the standards of most old-style serif fonts. In order to allow compact line spacing, descenders were kept reasonably short.

Ehrhardt attracted considerable attention on its initial release; Monotype's publicity material blurbed it as "in the opinion of some authorities, the most important new book face since Times New Roman".{{cite journal|journal=Signature: A Quadrimestrial of Typography and Graphic Arts|title=Ehrhardt|date=1949|page=71|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4fBMAQAAIAAJ|access-date=9 December 2015|quote=The crisp, relatively narrow and extraordinarily 'large appearing' style of letter which the Monotype corporation revived and named Ehrhardt is, in the opinion of some authorities, the most important new book face since Times New Roman, and it has already been chosen for a number of noteworthy publications in England and in America}} However Ehrhardt remains considerably less well-known than many of Monotype's other classic serif designs of the interwar period, such as Times, Perpetua, Garamond or Bembo.{{efn|An assessment of Ehrhardt was (apparently) made as part of a programme of assessing common book faces for educational use by controversial psychologist Cyril Burt, now widely suspected to have fabricated research. The assessment claimed that readers liked it least of all old-style faces surveyed, noting its unusual italic 'w' and text figure 0 in the form of an unstressed circle.{{cite journal|last1=Burt|first1=Cyril|last2=Cooper|first2=W. F.|last3=Martin|first3=J. L.|title=A Psychological Study of Typography|journal=British Journal of Statistical Psychology|date=May 1955|volume=8|issue=1|pages=29–56|doi=10.1111/j.2044-8317.1955.tb00160.x}}}}

Harry Carter (who with George Buday made the modern attribution to Kis) wrote that "the letters of Monotype Ehrhardt are like those of the Janson, but the appearance of a page set in it is different. The Janson is more rotund and has greater contrast of thick and thin." Writing in the 1970s, Carter had misgivings about the condensation, saying that it came close to turning Kis's work into an "accurate drudge" but that "it is a successful type-face". He also suggested that some condensed typefaces made by Kis and sold to the Ducal printing establishment in Florence might have made for a more authentic model. Printing historian James Mosley's review of Morison's memoir, A Tally of Types, described the original metal type as "crudely drawn" compared with some earlier Monotype designs, and suggested that this was due to a change in works management at Monotype with the retirement of head engineer Frank Hinman Pierpont.{{cite journal|last1=Mosley|first1=James|author-link=James Mosley|title=Review: A Tally of Types|journal=Journal of the Printing Historical Society|date=2001|volume=3, new series|pages=63–67

|quote=That it was Pierpont himself who was central to this drive for quality is made abundantly clear by the abrupt changes that are seen after his retirement in 1937. All the types produced during the brief period before the Second World War, although they naturally have many fine features, are more or less flawed. Monotype Joanna is crudely drawn by comparison with the original type…Ehrhardt is also crudely drawn compared with its predecessors, and its incongruous figures - which are quite wrong for its place and period - were adapted from those of Imprint. Similarly, the figures for Van Dijck are those of Bembo (which in their turn seem to be derived from Plantin) and their failure to match the delicate serif treatment of the type itself is painfully apparent.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PUPhAAAAMAAJ}}

Notable books set in Ehrhardt include the Oxford World's Classics series, the New English Bible, the Pelican Shakespeare, the Penguin 60s and Hugh Williamson's textbook Methods of Book Design.{{cite book|last1=Watson|last2=William|title=The New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature, Volume 3; Volumes 1800–1900|date=1969|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=xiv|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9e48AAAAIAAJ&pg=PR14|access-date=9 December 2015|quote=The page [is] set in Monotype Ehrhardt, a compact fount with short descenders ... to accommodate the maximum possible amount of text matter consistent with the degree of legibility necessary}}{{cite book|last1=Luna|first1=Paul|title=Books & Bits: Texts & Technology, 1970–2000, from A Companion to the History of the Book|date=2011|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=Hoboken|isbn=978-1-4443-5658-8|page=381|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CFiDCjMcnvcC&pg=PA381}}{{cite web|last1=Luna|first1=Paul|title=Making notes user-friendly|url=http://www.lunascafe.org/2008_08_01_archive.html|website=Luna's Cafe (blog)|quote=Ehrhardt, the default typeface for OWCs, has a very hairy asterisk that fills in at small sizes}}{{cite book|last1=Clair|first1=Colin|title=A Chronology of Printing|url=https://archive.org/details/chronologyofprin00clai|url-access=registration|date=1969|page=[https://archive.org/details/chronologyofprin00clai/page/188 188]|publisher=New York, Praeger }} It has also been used by Faber and Faber and The Iconic magazine.{{cite web|title=Fonts in use: The Iconic|url=http://fontsinuse.com/uses/3823/the-iconic-men-s-magazine|website=Fonts in use|date=2 May 2013 |access-date=5 November 2015}}{{cite book|last1=Hendel|first1=Richard|title=Aspects of contemporary book design|date=2013|publisher=University of Iowa Press|location=Iowa City|isbn=978-1-60938-175-2|pages=129, 156|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6GS8gKyxDzoC}} An extremely rare infant variant of the typeface also exists, which can be seen in the American edition of the book Hey! Get off Our Train by John Burningham.{{cite book|last1=Burningham|first1=John|title=Hey! get off our train|date=1994|publisher=Crown Publishers|location=New York, N.Y.|isbn=978-0-517-88204-7|edition=1st Dragonfly Books|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/heygetoffourtrai0000burn}}

Monotype later created a bold and bold italic (called a semi-bold in some digitisations) to match the roman and italic of the original release.{{cite journal|last1=Moran|first1=James|title=Stanley Morison, 1889–1967|journal=Monotype Recorder|volume=43|issue=3|page=26|url=http://www.metaltype.co.uk/downloads/mr/mr_43_3.pdf}} (True bold type did not exist in Kis's time.{{cite web|last1=Haley|first1=Allan|title=Bold type in text|url=http://www.fonts.com/content/learning/fontology/level-2/text-typography/bold-type-in-text|publisher=Monotype|access-date=11 August 2015}}) Released in 1967, Fleet Titling was a capitals-only alphabet intended to serve as a companion for titling use. It was created by Monotype's occasional collaborator John Peters, a Cambridge University Press designer who also worked as a private printer.{{cite book|last1=Macmillan|first1=Neil|title=A-Z of type designers|date=2006|publisher=Laurence King|location=London|isbn=978-1-85669-395-0|page=146}}{{cite web|last1=Devroye|first1=Luc|author-link=Luc Devroye|title=John Peters|url=http://luc.devroye.org/fonts-26255.html|access-date=6 November 2015}}{{cite web|last1=Pitt|first1=John|title=John Peters, some further thoughts, especially on Fleet Titling|url=https://stoneletters.wordpress.com/2012/09/24/john-peters-some-further-thoughts-especially-on-fleet-titling/|website=Stone Letters|access-date=6 November 2015}} Monotype used it for their logo and letterhead.{{cite web|title=Schriftdesigner John Peters|url=http://www.klingspor-museum.de/KlingsporKuenstler/Schriftdesigner/Peters/JohnPeters.pdf|publisher=Klingspor Museum|access-date=6 November 2015}} More oddly, Monotype in the 1960s used Ehrhardt as a base for printing in the Initial Teaching Alphabet. This alphabet system, intended to be used to teach children to read, used alternative characters for different sounds spelled with the same letter, like t's and c's dropped below the baseline of the text.{{cite journal|last1=Pitman MP|first1=James|author-link=James Pitman|title=The Readability of Type (letter)|journal=New Scientist|date=1960|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z-hiaK3yGQoC&pg=PA1086|access-date=9 December 2015}}{{cite book|last1=Haas|first1=William|title=Alphabets for English|date=1969|page=46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sTa8AAAAIAAJ|access-date=9 December 2015}}

File:Equity Butterick.gif.]]

Monotype has digitised Ehrhardt into the TrueType and OpenType font formats. It is sold in standard and professional releases, some releases including text figures and small caps (in the roman style only). Like several other Monotype typefaces digitised in the early period of computerised publishing, it is sold under two releases credited both to Monotype itself and to Adobe, the latter only in the standard version without small caps.{{cite web|title=Ehrhardt (Adobe release)|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/adobe/ehrhardt/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030320191813/http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/adobe/ehrhardt/|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 20, 2003|website=MyFonts|publisher=Monotype/Adobe|access-date=5 November 2015}}{{cite web|title=Monotype Ehrhardt|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/mti/ehrhardt-mt/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Monotype|access-date=5 November 2015}} Fleet Titling and the Initial Teaching Alphabet version have not been digitised.

Matthew Butterick created a revival of Ehrhardt called Equity, whose design was inspired by his experiences of office needs from working as a lawyer. {{cite web|last1=Porchez|first1=Jean François|author-link=Jean François Porchez|title=Equity review|url=http://typographica.org/typeface-reviews/equity/|website=Typographica|access-date=13 July 2015}} Equity has two grades designed to suit different types of paper and printers, known as Equity A and Equity B, the former of which is darker. Each grade has two weights (Regular and Bold), along with their respective italics, totalling four styles each. The typeface has separate small caps fonts intended for use in Word, although the latest versions also include main font files that can activate small caps as OpenType features. The roman style of Equity is designed to be metrically similar (but not identical) to Times New Roman, {{cite web|last1=Butterick|first1=Matthew|author-link=Matthew Butterick|title=Equity|url=http://practicaltypography.com/equity.html|website=Practical Typography|access-date=2022-11-05}} while the metric of the italic style is considerably different.

Font Bureau also created the very large revival family Kis. Unlike other digitisations, this has been released in optical sizes, with a separate display-size font intended for headlines. It is used by the Los Angeles Times but (as of 2015) has not been released for online sale.{{cite web|title=Kis FB|url=http://www.fontbureau.com/fonts/KisFB/characters/|publisher=Font Bureau|access-date=26 July 2015}}{{efn|Another design named Kis has been offered for sale by Bitstream Inc. and its Russian licensee Paratype; it is reportedly based on Linotype Janson.{{cite web|title=Bitstream Kis|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/bitstream/kis/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Bitstream|access-date=5 November 2015}}{{cite web|title=Bitstream Kis (Paratype release with Cyrillic)|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/paratype/kis-bt/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Paratype/Bitstream|access-date=5 November 2015}}}}

{{notelist|30em}}

{{reflist|30em}}

On Ehrhardt:

• [http://www.mwbixler.com/spec_htm/spbk_ehrht.html Printed specimen from original hot metal type]
• [http://www.metaltype.co.uk/downloads/mr/mr_39_1.pdf Monotype Recorder from 1949, set in Ehrhardt]

Ehrhardt digitisations:

• [http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/mti/ehrhardt-mt/ Ehrhardt typeface family at MyFonts.com]
• [http://practicaltypography.com/equity.html Butterick's revival, Equity]
• [http://www.fontbureau.com/fonts/KisFB Kis FB] (as of 2015 no online sale)

On other Kis/Janson revivals:

• [http://www.fonts4ever.com/portrait_typeface.php?language=en&id=5 Kis Antiqua] (an account of an alternative German revival)

On Van Dijck:

• [http://www.mwbixler.com/spec_htm/spbk_vandk1.html Van Dijck specimen in metal type]
• [http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/mti/van-dijck/ Van Dijck as a digital release]

{{Monotype typefaces}}

Category:Old style serif typefaces

Category:Monotype typefaces

Category:Typefaces and fonts introduced in 1938

Category:Typefaces with infant variants