Father of the Nation

The following people are still often called the "Father" or "Mother" of their respective nations.

{| class="wikitable sortable"

|-

! Name

! Nation

! Title (native)

! Title (translation)

! class="unsortable" | Notes

|-

| Ahmad Shah Durrani

| rowspan="2" | {{Flag|Afghanistan}}

| Ahmad Shāh Baba

| Ahmad Shah the Father{{cite book|title=Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan |last1=Ganḍā |first1=Singh |year=1959|publisher=Asia Pub. House |isbn=978-1-4021-7278-6|page=457|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F_A8AAAAMAAJ |access-date=2010-08-25}}{{cite web |url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+af0010) |title=Ahmad Shah and the Durrani Empire |access-date=2010-08-25 |publisher=Library of Congress Country Studies on Afghanistan |year=1997 |archive-date=22 July 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120722064857/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+af0010) |url-status=live }}{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/10162/Ahmad-Shah-Durrani |title=Aḥmad Shah Durrānī |access-date=2010-08-25 |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Online Version |year=2010}}

| Founder of the Afghan Durrani Empire

|-

|Mohammad Zahir Shah

|

|Father of the Nation

|Last and longest-reigning king of Afghanistan (1933–1973)Encyclopædia Britannica, [https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9078202/Mohammad-Zahir-Shah "Mohammad Zahir Shah"]{{Cite news |last=MacIntyre |first=Ben |date=24 June 2016 |title=Lawless Libya can unite behind a new king |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/lawless-libya-can-unite-behind-a-new-king-d6tv67lbg |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}

|-

| Ismail Kemal

| {{Flag|Albania}}

| {{lang|sq|Babai Kombit}}

| Father of the Nation

| Led the Albanian national movement against the Ottoman Empire

|-

| Ahmed Ben Bella

| {{Flag|Algeria}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| First President of Algeria and first Prime Minister of Algeria

|-

| V. C. Bird

| {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| First prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda and founder of the Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party.{{Cite news |last=George |first=Elesha |date=10 December 2020 |title=A&B celebrates the Father of the Nation |url=https://antiguaobserver.com/ab-celebrates-the-father-of-the-nation/ |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=Antigua and Barbuda Observer}}

|-

| Agostinho Neto

| {{Flag|Angola}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| Leader of the MPLA during the Angolan War of Independence and the first President of Angola.

|-

| José de San Martín

| {{Flag|Argentina}}
{{Flag|Chile}}
{{Flagicon|Peru}} Peru

| {{lang|es|Padre de la Patria /
Fundador de la República y Protector del Perú}}[http://www.argentina.ar/_es/pais/personalidades/C2390-jose-de-san-martin.php] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202114854/http://www.argentina.ar/_es/pais/personalidades/C2390-jose-de-san-martin.php|date=2 December 2011}}

| Father of the Fatherland /
Founder of the Republic and Protector of Peru

| Primary leader of the Argentine War of Independence and the Spanish American wars of independence in southern South America

|-

| María Remedios del Valle

| {{Flag|Argentina}}

| {{lang|es|Madre de la Patria}}

| Mother of the Homeland

| Important officer in the Argentine Army during the War of Independence, referred to as the "Mother of the Homeland" since her lifetime. In 1829, the Chamber of Representatives of the province of Buenos Aires named her "Mother of the Homeland" and granted her the position of sergeant major.{{cite web|url=https://cabildonacional.cultura.gob.ar/noticia/maria-remedios-del-valle-la-madre-de-la-patria/|language=es|accessdate=19 November 2023|title=María Remedios del Valle, la "Madre de la Patria"|location=Buenos Aires|publisher=Museo Nacional del Cabildo de Buenos Aires y de la Revolución de Mayo. Ministerio de Cultura}}{{cite web|url=https://www.infobae.com/sociedad/2022/11/08/remedios-del-valle-la-madre-de-la-patria-que-lucho-junto-a-belgrano-y-termino-como-mendiga/|title=Remedios del Valle, la "Madre de la Patria" que luchó junto a Belgrano y terminó como mendiga|language=es|location=Buenos Aires|publisher=Infobae|accessdate=19 November 2023|first=Adrián|last=Pignatelli|date=8 November 2022}}

|-

| {{lang|hy|Հայկ}} (Hayk)

| {{Flag|Armenia}}

| {{lang|hy|Նահապետ}} ({{transl|hy|Nahapet}})

| Head of the Family
Patriarch

| Legendary founder of the Armenian nation

|-

| Sir Henry Parkes, {{post-nominals|country=AUS|GCMG}}

| {{Flag|Australia}}

|

| Father of Federation

| Gave the Tenterfield Oration, which is believed to be pivotal in the process of the Federation of Australia.

|-

| Heydar Aliyev

| {{Flag|Azerbaijan}}

| {{lang|az|Böyük Lider}}

| Great Leader

| 3rd President of Azerbaijan from 1993 to his death in 2003, considered the founder of the modern Azerbaijani state.http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3170536.stm

|-

| Sir Lynden Pindling

| {{Flag|The Bahamas}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| Leader at independence in 1973.{{cite news|url=http://freeport.nassauguardian.net/editorial/308121337236779.php |title=The death of Jeffrey Thompson |date=20 March 2008 |work=Freeport News |publisher=The Nassau Guardian (1844) Ltd |access-date=2009-01-17 |quote=it has been well documented that Sir Lynden Pindling was the leader of the political movement that led to the attainment of majority rule on January 10, 1967, and that he is recognized as the ৭ of the Nation — the man who was the country's leader when The Bahamas obtained its independence from the United Kingdom on July 10, 1973. |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721162049/http://freeport.nassauguardian.net/editorial/308121337236779.php |archive-date=21 July 2011 }}

|-

| Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

| {{Flag|Bangladesh}}

| {{lang|bn|বঙ্গবন্ধু}} ({{transl|bn|Bangabandhu}})

| Friend of Bengal

| Founding leader of Bangladesh. Leader during the Bangladesh Liberation War.{{cite news |title=Ode to the father: Bangladesh's political personality cult |work=France 24 |date=4 January 2024|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240104-ode-to-the-father-bangladesh-s-political-personality-cult |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805120455/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240104-ode-to-the-father-bangladesh-s-political-personality-cult |archive-date=5 August 2024 |language=en}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/01/27/archives/father-of-bangladesh-mujibur-rahman.html|title='Father' of Bangladesh|date=1975-01-27|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-05-18|issn=0362-4331}}{{cite news |first= Mohammed |last=Shahabuddin | url=https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/706268/Immortal-Bangabandhu | title=Immortal Bangabandhu |work=Daily Sun | date=15 August 2023 }}

|-

| Errol Barrow

| {{Flag|Barbados}}

|

| Father of Independence

| The third and final premier of Barbados, serving from 1961 to 1966, who lead Barbados to independence from the British Empire in 1966. He became the first prime minister and served three terms (1966–76, 1986–87) dying in office of illness during his third.{{Cite web |last=BGIS |date=2024-01-21 |title=Celebrating The Life Of Errol Walton Barrow |url=https://gisbarbados.gov.bb/blog/celebrating-the-life-of-errol-barrow/ |access-date=2024-07-31 |website=GIS |language=en-US}}

|-

| Konstanty Kalinowski

| {{Flag|Belarus}}

| {{lang|be|Стваральнік беларускага народу}} ({{transl|be|Stvaralnik bielaruskaha narodu}})

| Creator of the Belarusian Nation

| Used among other titles. Military and political leader during the January Uprising.{{Cite news |date=22 March 2021 |title=Каліноўскі быў беларусам. Даказаць адваротнае немагчыма |language=be |trans-title=Kalinoŭski was Belarusian: It's impossible to claim otherwise |work=Novy Chas |url=https://novychas.online/poviaz/kalinouski-byu-belarusam-dakazac-advarotnae-nemah |access-date=11 August 2023}}{{Cite news |date=22 January 2013 |title=Каліноўскі і мы |language=be |trans-title=Kalinoŭski and us |work=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |url=https://www.svaboda.org/a/24880625.html |access-date=11 August 2023}} Usage opposed by those who view Kalinowski's nationality as Polish, rather than Belarusian.{{Cite news |date=3 April 2009 |title=Кім быў Кастусь Каліноўскі? |language=be |trans-title=Who was Kastus Kalinoŭski? |work=Polskie Radio |url=http://www2.polskieradio.pl/eo/print.aspx?iid=105649 |access-date=11 August 2023}}

|-

| George Cadle Price

| {{Flag|Belize}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| Former Chief Minister, Premier and two-term Prime Minister before retiring in 1997.

{{cite news |url=http://www.caricom.org/jsp/projects/personalities/rt_hon_george.jsp?menu=projects |title=Rt. Hon. George Price |date=20 March 2008 |work=CARICOM.com |publisher=CARICOM |access-date=2009-01-30 |quote=Rt. Honourable George Cadle Price, "Father of the Nation" of Belize |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100121051424/http://www.caricom.org/jsp/projects/personalities/rt_hon_george.jsp?menu=projects |archive-date=21 January 2010 }}

{{cite news |url=http://news.mybelize.net/index.php?action=view&id=1875&module=newsmodule&src=%40random4865ef792ff2d |title=The Father of the Nation Turns 90 |date=16 January 2009 |publisher=7 News Belize |access-date=2009-05-13 |quote=Even Prime Minister Dean Barrow calls George Price the father of the nation }}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

|-

| Simón Bolívar

| {{Flag|Bolivia}}
{{Flag|Colombia}}
{{Flag|Ecuador}}
{{Flag|Panama}}
{{Flag|Peru}}
{{Flag|Venezuela}}

| {{lang|es|El Libertador}}

| The Liberator

| Primary leader of the Spanish American wars of independence in northern South America.

|-

| Seretse Khama

| {{Flag|Botswana}}

|

| Father of Independence

| Leader of the independence movement and first President of Botswana. Creator of democracy in Botswana

|-

| Dom Pedro I, Maria Leopoldina of Austria and José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva

| {{Flag|Brazil}}

| {{lang|pt-BR|Pai da Nação e Patriarca da Independência}}

| Father of the Nation and Patriarch of Independence

| Founder and the first Emperor of Brazil (1822) during the independence of Brazil. Maria Leopoldina was the first Empress of Brazil. Bonifácio was the advisor of Pedro I.

|-

| Omar Ali Saifuddien III

| {{Flag|Brunei}}

|

| Architect of Modern Brunei. Builder of the Modern Nation and Father of Independence

| 28th Sultan of Brunei and First Minister of Defence (1914–1986).

|-

| Thomas Sankara

| {{Flag|Burkina Faso}}

|

| Father of The Nation and Hero of Burkina Faso

| First president of Burkina Faso. Renamed the country from Upper Volta to Burkina Faso and writer of the national anthem, Ditanyè.

|-

| Louis Rwagasore

| {{Flag|Burundi}}

|

| Father of Independence

|Burundi independence movement leader, second and youngest Prime Minister of Burundi and Crown Prince of the Kingdom of Burundi.

|-

| Asparuh

| {{Flag|Bulgaria}}

| {{lang|bg|Кан}} (Kanasubigi)

|

| Founder and first ruler of the First Bulgarian Empire.

|-

| Norodom Sihanouk

| {{Flag|Cambodia}}

| {{lang|km|សម្តេចឪ}} ({{transl|km|Sâmdéch Âu}})

| King Father

| Secured independence from France.

|-

| John A. Macdonald and the other Fathers of Confederation

| {{Flag|Canada}}

| Fathers of Confederation
{{lang|fr|Pères de la Confédération}}

| Father of Confederation

| The 36 Canadian politicians who negotiated Canadian Confederation

|-

| Bernardo O'Higgins

| {{Flag|Chile}}

| {{lang|es|Padre de la patria}}

| Father of the fatherland

| Principal leader of the Chilean War of Independence.

|-

| Sun Yat-sen

| {{Flag|Republic of China|name=Republic of China}}

| {{lang|zh-hant|國父}} ({{transl|zh|Guófù}})

| Father of the Nation

| Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty during the Xinhai Revolution. The Nationalist government decreed the title in 1940.{{cite book|last1=Yin|first1=Xiong|title=至樂齋詩抄 第二部|year=2015|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LYOXDwAAQBAJ&q=%E5%AD%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1+%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD%E6%8E%88%E4%BA%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%88%B6&pg=PT191|page=181|publisher=新華出版社 |isbn=978-7-5166-1604-8}} Sun is more widely known in the People's Republic of China as the "Forerunner of the Revolution".{{cite book|last1=Xie|first1=Xuanjun|title=少数民族入主中国史略|year=2017|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jhE6DwAAQBAJ&q=%E5%AD%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1+%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%85%88%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%85+%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86&pg=PA403|page=403|publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=978-1-387-25535-1}}

|-

| José María Castro Madriz

| {{Flag|Costa Rica}}

| {{lang|es|Fundador de la República}}

| Founder of the Republic

| First President of the Republic of Costa Rica.{{Cite web|url = http://www.guiascostarica.com/presi/presi08.htm|title = Francisco María Oreamuno Badilla|date = 27 June 2013|access-date = 28 November 2016|archive-date = 24 April 2013|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130424023545/http://guiascostarica.com/presi/presi08.htm|url-status = live}}

|-

| Ante Starčević

| {{Flag|Croatia}}

| {{lang|hr|Otac domovine}}

| Father of the Homeland

| His diverse activities and works laid the foundations for the modern Croatian state.{{cite web |url=http://www.hsp-ante-starcevic.hr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=79&Itemid=57 |publisher=Croatian Party of Rights Dr. Ante Starčević |title=Povijest Oca domovine |language=hr |access-date=2010-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100313080552/http://www.hsp-ante-starcevic.hr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=79&Itemid=57 |archive-date=2010-03-13 |url-status=usurped }}His works are considered to have laid the foundations for Croatian nationalism and he is often referred to as "Father of the Homeland" by Croats.

|-

| Carlos Manuel de Céspedes

| {{Flag|Cuba}}

| {{lang|es|Padre de la Patria}}

| Father of the Fatherland

{{cite web |url=http://edicionesanteriores.trabajadores.cu/2004/octubre/10_ingles/textos_y_fotos/cuba-conmemora.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130210195308/http://edicionesanteriores.trabajadores.cu/2004/octubre/10_ingles/textos_y_fotos/cuba-conmemora.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-02-10 |publisher=Trabajadores |title=Cuba commemorates the 136 anniversary of the beginning of its wars of independence |first=Iliana |last=Hautrive |date=2004-10-10 |quote=Cuba commemorates this Sunday the beginning of its wars of independence, the 10 of October of 1868, when the insigne patriotic Carlos Manuel de Cespedes, considered the Father of the Motherland, gave the freedom to his slaves to begin the fight by the liberation of the Nation. |access-date=2009-01-16 }}

| Leader of the first Cuban independence movement which fought the Ten Years' War.

|-

| Archbishop Makarios III

| {{Flag|Cyprus}}

| {{lang|el|Εθνάρχης}} ({{transl|el|Ethnárchis}})

| Ethnarch

| First and longest President of Cyprus, leader of Greek Cypriot nationalist movement during Cypriot intercommunal violence

|-

| Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor

| rowspan="3" | {{Flag|Czech Republic}}

| {{lang|cs|Otec vlasti}}

| Father of the Homeland

| King of Bohemia. Title coined by the rector of the Charles University of Prague at the emperor's funeral.{{cite book|last=Roberts|first=Andrew Lawrence |title=From Good King Wenceslas to the Good Soldier Švejk: A Dictionary of Czech Popular Culture|publisher=Central European University Press |year=2005 |page=102 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BWg8CdosOpMC |isbn=963-7326-26-X}}

|-

| František Palacký

| {{lang|cs|Otec národa}}

| Father of the Nation

| Politician and historian, influential in Czech National Revival movement. Whereas {{lang|cs|vlast}} "homeland" included all inhabitants, {{lang|cs|národ}} "nation" comprised only Czech people.

{{cite book |last=Sayer |first=Derek |author2=Alena Sayer |title=The Coasts of Bohemia: A Czech History |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2000 |page=129 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_yrxrO0lC0YC |isbn=0-691-05052-X}}

|-

|Tomáš Masaryk

| {{lang|cs|Tatíček}} /
{{lang|cs|Prezident Osvoboditel}}

| Father of the Fatherland / President Liberator

| First President of Czechoslovakia, helped negotiate establishment of Czechoslovakia with the Allies of World War I.Preclík, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 pages, first issue vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karvina, Czech Republic) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague), 2019, {{ISBN|978-80-87173-47-3}}, pages 36 – 39, 41 – 42, 106 – 107, 111–112, 124–125, 128, 129, 132, 140–148, 184–199.{{clarification needed|Reference is unclear.|date=September 2024}}

|-

| Juan Pablo Duarte

| {{Flag|Dominican Republic}}

| {{lang|es|Padre de la Patria}}

| Father of the Fatherland

| Foremost of the founding fathers of the Dominican Republic and the key leader responsible for shaping the modern revolutionary ideology that opposed all foreign rule.

|-

| Presbyter, Dr. José Matías Delgado

| {{Flag|El Salvador}}

| {{lang|es|Padre de la patria}}

| Father of the fatherland

| One of the founding fathers of El Salvador, and principal leader of the First Shout of Independence.{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9992300574|title=Presbítero y Dr. José Matías Delgado, Prócer Centroamericano|trans-title= Presbyter and Dr. José Matías Delgado, Central American Hero|access-date=February 26, 2025|page=139-141|publisher= National Council for Culture and Art (CONCULTURA)|author= Carlos Meléndez Chaverri|language= es|year=2000}}

|-

| Ilia Chavchavadze

| {{Flag|Georgia}}

| {{lang|ka|უგვირგვინო მეფე}} ({{transl|ka|Ugvirgvino Mepe}})
{{lang|ka|ერის მამა}} ({{transl|ka|Eris Mama}}{{not a typo}})

| The Crownless King / Father of the Nation

|

|-

| Members of the Parlamentarischer Rat

| {{Flag|Germany}}

| {{lang|de|Väter und Mütter des Grundgesetzes}}

| Fathers and mothers of the Basic Law

| Drafted the Basic Law, the constitution of (then West) Germany

|-

| Kwame Nkrumah

| {{Flag|Ghana}}

| Osagyefo{{which lang?|date=September 2024}}

| Father of the nation

| First president and prime minister of Ghana during decolonization, the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve full independence.

|-

| Alexander the Great

| {{Flag|Greece}}

| {{lang|el|Πατέρας των Ελλήνων}} ({{transl|el|Patéras ton Ellínon}})

| Father of the Greeks

| Founder of the Macedonian Empire responsible for spreading Greek culture during the Hellenistic period.

|-

| Cheddi Jagan

| {{Flag|Guyana}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| President of Guyana from 1992 to 1997.

|-

| Jean-Jacques Dessalines and Toussaint Louverture{{Cite journal |last=Lamrani |first=Salim |date=2021-04-30 |title=Toussaint Louverture, In the Name of Dignity. A Look at the Trajectory of the Precursor of Independence of Haiti |url=https://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/22675#tocto1n2 |journal=Études caribéennes |language=en |issue=48 |doi=10.4000/etudescaribeennes.22675 |s2cid=245041866 |issn=1779-0980|doi-access=free }}{{Cite book |last=Mocombe |first=Paul C. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326109707 |title=Identity and Ideology in Haiti: The Children of Sans Souci, Dessalines/Toussaint, and Pétion |publisher=Routledge |year=2018 |pages=1 |access-date=15 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815022353/https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paul-Mocombe/publication/326109707_Identity_and_Ideology_in_Haiti_The_Children_of_Sans_Souci_DessalinesToussaint_and_Petion/links/5b4101cf458515f71cb114a1/Identity-and-Ideology-in-Haiti-The-Children-of-Sans-Souci-Dessalines-Toussaint-and-Petion.pdf |archive-date=15 August 2023 |url-status=live}}

| {{Flag|Haiti}}

| {{lang|fr|Père de la patrie}}

| Father of the Fatherland

| Primary leaders of the Haitian Revolution.

|-

|Dionisio de Herrera

|{{Flag|Honduras}}

|

|

|First Head of State of Honduras within the Federal Republic of Central America

|-

| Árpád

| {{Flag|Hungary}}

| {{lang|hu|Honalapító}}

| Founder of the Homeland

| Second Grand Prince of the Hungarians, leader of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian basin.

|-

|Mahatma Gandhi

|{{Flag|India}}

|{{lang|hi|राष्ट्रपिता}} (Rashtrapita)
Bapu (Father)

|Father of the Nation{{cite news|title=Gandhi Jayanti 2021: Inspirational quotes by 'Father of the Nation' Mahatma Gandhi|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/gandhi-jayanti-2021-inspirational-quotes-by-father-of-the-nation-mahatma-gandhi-10016461.html|access-date=15 October 2021|work=Firstpost|date=2 October 2021|language=en|archive-date=3 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211003150745/https://www.firstpost.com/india/gandhi-jayanti-2021-inspirational-quotes-by-father-of-the-nation-mahatma-gandhi-10016461.html|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|title=Mahatma Gandhi was never declared 'Father of Nation', reveals RTI reply |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/mahatma-gandhi-was-never-declared-father-of-nation-reveals-rti-reply/articleshow/73446044.cms |newspaper=The Times of India |first1=Anuja |last1=Jaiswal |language=en|date=20 January 2020|quotation=Mahatma Gandhi was never accorded the 'Father of the Nation' title by Government of India and no rule or ordinance was ever passed in this regard. ... Article 18 (1) of the Constitution does not permit any titles except education and military ones. ... a bench comprising Chief Justice SA Bobde and justices BR Gavai and Surya Kant, had observed, 'Mahatma Gandhi is the Father of the Nation and people hold him in high esteem, beyond any formal recognition'.}}

| Leader of the Indian independence movement from British Raj.

|-

| Soepomo
Mohammad Yamin
Sukarno
Mohammad Hatta
Sutan Sjahrir

| {{Flag|Indonesia}}

| {{lang|id|Bapak Bangsa}}
{{lang|id|Sang Proklamator}}
{{lang|id|Dwitunggal}}

| Father(s) of the Nation
The Proclamators
Duumvirate

| Main leaders of the Indonesian National Revolution, wrote and signed the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, as well as served as the first President and Vice President of Indonesia, respectively.

|-

| Cyrus the Great

| {{Flag|Iran}} (Persia)

| Shahanshah

| King of Kings

| The founder of the first Persian Empire

|-

| David Ben-Gurion

| rowspan="2" | {{Flag|Israel}}

| Israel's founding father{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/1/newsid_2492000/2492775.stm|title=1973: Israel's founding father dies|date=1 December 1973|access-date=31 August 2018|publisher=BBC}}

| Father of the Nation

| Formally proclaimed the establishment of Israel and served as its first prime minister

|-

|Theodor Herzl

|{{lang|he|חוֹזֵה הַמְדִינָה}} ({{transliteration|he|Chozeh HaMedinah}}, {{lit|Visionary of the State}})

|Spiritual Father of the Jewish State{{cite web |date=May 14, 1948 |title=Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel |url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/peace/guide/pages/declaration%20of%20establishment%20of%20state%20of%20israel.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151228134825/http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/peace/guide/pages/declaration%20of%20establishment%20of%20state%20of%20israel.aspx |archive-date=Dec 28, 2015 |website=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs}}

|Father of modern political Zionism

|-

| Julius Caesar

| rowspan="3" | {{Flag|Italy}}

| Pater Patriae

| Father of the Fatherland

| Gave the Roman citizenship to all the inhabitants of the Italian Peninsula

|-

| Augustus

| Pater Patriae

| Father of the Fatherland

| Gave administrative unity to the Italian Peninsula, by defining the regions of Roman Italy.

|-

| {{plainlist|

• Camillo Benso
• Giuseppe Garibaldi
• Giuseppe Mazzini
• Victor Emmanuel II of Italy}}

| {{lang|it|Padre della Patria}}

| Father of the Fatherland

| Authors of Italian unification{{cite book|first=Roland|last=Sarti|chapter=Giuseppe Mazzini e la tradizione repubblicana|title=Almanacco della Repubblica: storia d'Italia attraverso le tradizioni, le istituzioni e le simbologie repubblicane|publisher=Pearson|year=2003|isbn=978-88-424-9499-7|language=it}}{{cite book|first=Romano|last=Ugolini|title=Cento anni del Vittoriano 1911-2011|publisher=Gangemi|language=it}}{{cite book|first=Francesco|last=Perfetti|chapter=I padri della Patria|title=Quaderni del Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore|page=2|year=2011}}

|-

| Emperor Jimmu

| {{Flag|Japan}}

| {{lang|ja|神武天皇}} ({{transl|ja|Jinmu Ten-noh}})

|

| Legendary first Emperor of Japan

|-

|Kerei Khan and Janibek Khan

| rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Kazakhstan}}

| {{lang|kk|Негізін қалаушылар}} ({{lang|kk-Latn|Negızın qalauşylar}})

|Founders

|Founders and first rulers of the Kazakh Khanate, who led the Kazakh War of Independence against the Uzbek Khanate and established the first independent Kazakh state.{{Cite web |date=2018-10-13 |title=On the Foundation of the Kazakh Khanate |url=https://e-history.kz/en/news/show/7650 |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=e-history.kz |language=en}}

|-

| Members of the Alash

|

|

| Kazakh intellectuals who took part in the national liberation movement and formed the Alash Orda provisional government during the Russian Revolution.

|-

| Jomo Kenyatta

| {{Flag|Kenya}}

| {{lang|sw|Baba wa Taifa}}

| Father of the Nation/Freedom Fighter

| First President of Kenya from 1963 to his death in 1978 who helped create the Kenyan Constitution.

|-

| Ibrahim Rugova

| {{Flag|Kosovo}}

| {{lang|sq|Ati i Kombit}}

|Father of the Nation

| First president of the First Republic of Kosovo. President of Serbian Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metochia under UN after the Kosovo War.

|-

|Muammar Gaddafi

|{{Flag|Libya}}

|

|Father of the Nation

|Leader of Libya from 1969 to 2011. He styled himself as the Father of the Nation, in addition to using other titles.{{Cite news |last=Walker |first=Shaun |date=16 April 2011 |title=Kazakh leader puts own name in lights with film of his childhood |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/kazakh-leader-puts-own-name-in-lights-with-film-of-his-childhood-2268638.html |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=The Independent}}{{Cite news |last=Danahar |first=Paul |date=1 September 2011 |title=Photo journal: Key moments in Libya's six-month revolt |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14728563 |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=BBC News}} He was also styled as such by Libyan state media.{{Cite news |last=Mekay |first=Emad |date=23 February 2011 |title=One Libyan Battle Is Fought in Social and News Media |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/24/world/middleeast/24iht-m24libya.html |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=The New York Times}}

|-

| Jonas Basanavičius

| {{Flag|Lithuania}}

| {{lang|lt|Tautos patriarchas}}

| Patriarch of the Nation

| Various cultural activities during the Lithuanian National Revival.{{cite book| title=The history of the Baltic States |first=Kevin |last=O'Connor |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b3b5nU4bnw4C&pg=PA59 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-313-32355-3 |page=59}}

|-

| Tunku Abdul Rahman

| {{Flag|Malaysia}}

| {{plainlist|

• {{lang|ms|Bapa Kemerdekaan}}
• {{lang|ms|Bapa Malaysia}}}}

| {{plainlist|

• Father of Independence
• Father of Malaysia}}

| The first Prime Minister of Malaysia. A prince from the Kedah Sultanate, the Cambridge-educated Tunku led the negotiated independence of Federation of Malaya from the British Empire in 1957. Later formed Malaysia through the union of Peninsular Malaya, Singapore, North Borneo and Sarawak in 1963.

|-

| Muhammad Fareed Didi

| {{Flag|Maldives}}

|

|

| Founder of modern Maldives and last sultan of Maldives.

|-

|Giorgio Borġ Olivier

| rowspan="2" |{{Flag|Malta}}

| {{lang|mt|Missier Malta Indipendenti}}

|Father of Independent Malta

|First post-independence Prime Minister of Malta between 1950–1955 and 1962–1971.

|-

| Dom Mintoff

| {{plainlist|

• {{lang|mt|Missier Malta Repubblika}}
• {{lang|mt|Missier Malta Hielsa}}}}

| {{plainlist|

• Father of Republican Malta
• Father of Free Malta}}

| A Maltese statesman and leading politician. He twice served as Prime Minister of Malta (from 1955 to 1958, and from 1974 to 1984) as the Leader of the Labour Party, a position he held from 1949 to 1984. In 1974, with him as Prime Minister, Malta negotiated a series of constitutional reforms leading to the establishment of the Maltese Republic and the removal of the British monarch as head of state. In 1979, the last Royal Navy ships left Malta, marking the country's transformation into a fully independent nation. Mintoff is also credited with the establishment of the Maltese welfare state and the socialist-style nationalisation and collectivisation of various key industries.

|-

| Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam

| {{Flag|Mauritius}}

|

| Father of the Nation{{cite web|url=http://www.mauritiuspost.mu/museum/fdc/other.php?id=51 |quote=Known as the "Father of the Nation", Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam has throughout his political career from 1940 to 1982 been closely associated with the significant emancipation of the people of Mauritius and has led the struggle for Independence. |title=Centenary of Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam. |year=2004 |work=Mauritius Post Museum |publisher=Mauritius Post |access-date=2009-01-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070625162936/http://www.mauritiuspost.mu/museum/fdc/other.php?id=51 |archive-date=25 June 2007 }}

| First post-independence Prime Minister, in 1968.

|-

| Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

| {{Flag|Mexico}}

| {{lang|es|Padre de la patria mexicana}}{{cite web |url=http://www.elperiodicodemexico.com/nota.php?sec=Nacional-Politica&id=137050 |title=El Grito, una tradición popular mexicana sin dueño |date=2007-09-15 |work=El Periodico de Mexico |language=es |access-date=2009-02-07 |quote=Miguel Hidalgo, considerado el "padre de la patria" mexicana |archive-date=10 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710184350/http://www.elperiodicodemexico.com/nota.php?sec=Nacional-Politica&id=137050 |url-status=live }}

| Father of the Mexican Nation

{{cite book |last= Vazquez-Gomez |first= Juana |title= Dictionary of Mexican Rulers, 1325–1997 |url= https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofmexi0000vazq |url-access= registration |year=1997 |publisher= Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated |location= Westport, CT, US |isbn=978-0-313-30049-3 }}

| First revolutionary leader in the Mexican War of Independence.

|-

| Genghis Khan

| {{Flag|Mongolia}}

| {{lang|mn|Монголчуудын эцэг}} ({{transl|mn|Mongolčuudyn eceg}})

| Father of the Mongols, Founding Father of Mongolia

"Genghis Khan". North Georgia College and State University. Archived from the original on 6 March 2010. Retrieved 26 January 2010.

| After unifying the many nomadic tribes of northeastern Asian steppe peoples, Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire and became the first Great Khan and Emperor. He eventually led a conquest of the majority of Eurasia, and his unified homeland would become Mongolia.

|-

|Mohammed V

|{{MAR}}

|{{plainlist|

• {{Lang|ar|أَب الْوَطَن الْمَغْرِبِي}} ({{transl|ar|ʔab al-waṭan al-maḡribī}})
• {{Lang|zgh|ⵉⴱⴱⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⵉ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ}} ({{transl|zgh|ibba n tamtti amɣribi}})}}

|Father of the Moroccan Nation{{Cite web |date=2011-10-14 |title=Princess Lalla Aicha: Women's-rights activist and first female Arab |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/princess-lalla-aicha-women-srights-activist-and-first-female-arab-ambassador-2370954.html |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=The Independent |language=en}}

|King of Morocco during its independence in 1956, seen by most Moroccans as Father of the Nation.{{Cite book |last1=Stora |first1=Benjamin |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ateli.stora.1999.01 |title=Les 100 portes du Maghreb |last2=Ellyas |first2=Akram |date=1999-01-01 |publisher=Éditions de l'Atelier (programme ReLIRE) |isbn=978-2-7082-3434-5 |series=Points d'appui|doi=10.3917/ateli.stora.1999.01 }}

|-

| Aung San

| {{Flag|Myanmar}}

| {{plainlist|

• နိုင်ငံ‌တော်၏ဖခင်၊
• လွတ်လပ်ရေးဖခင်၊
• တပ်မတော်၏ဖခင်}}

| Father of Nation,{{cite news |title=Myanmar and Aung San: The resurrection of an icon |url=https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/myanmar-aung-san-resurrection-icon |work=www.lowyinstitute.org |language=en}}{{cite news |last1=Cloutman |first1=Violet |title=Profile in power: Aung San - InsideBurma Tours blog |url=https://www.insideasiatours.com/blog/profile-power-aung-san |work=InsideAsia Blog |date=22 September 2016}}
Father of Independence,
Father of Tatmadaw (Burmese Army)

| He was the founder of Tatmadaw (Burmese Army) and he was the 5th Prime Minister of Burma in British Era from 1946 to 1947. He was instrumental in Myanmar's struggle for independence from British rule, but he was assassinated just six months before his goal was realized.

|-

| Sam Nujoma

| {{Flag|Namibia}}

|

| Founding Father of the Namibian Nation

| Primary leader of SWAPO during the South African Border War and first President of Namibia, 1990–2005; title conferred by Act of Parliament in 2005.

{{cite web |title=Conferment of Status of Founding Father of the Namibian Nation Act, 2005 |url=https://www.saflii.org/na/other/NAGovGaz/2005/205.txt |website=Southern African Legal Information Institute |publisher=Government Gazette of the Republic of Namibia |access-date=10 February 2025 |date=29 December 2005}}

{{cite journal |date=29 December 2005 |journal=Government Gazette |publisher=Republic of Namibia |location=Windhoek |issue=3567 |url=http://www.parliament.gov.na/parlidocs/ACT594.pdf |title=Promulgation of Conferment of Status of Founding Father of the Namibian Nation Act, 2005 (Act No. 16 of 2005), of the Parliament |access-date=2008-01-16}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}

|-

| Prithvi Narayan Shah

| {{Flag|Nepal}}

| {{lang|ne|श्री ५ बडामहाराजधिराज पृथ्वी नारायण शाह}} ({{translit|ne|śrī 5 baḍāmhārājdhirāj pr̥thvī nārāyaṇ śāha}})

| Father of the Nation

| King of Nepal during the Unification of Nepal.

|-

| William the Silent

| {{Flag|Netherlands}}

| {{lang|nl|Vader des Vaderlands}}

| Father of the Fatherland

| Leader of the successful Dutch Revolt against the Spanish Empire, which led to the Dutch Republic, the first independent Dutch state.{{Cite web |url=http://www.essentialvermeer.com/delft/delft_today/oude_and_nieuwe.html |title=The Oude and Nieuwe Kerk in Delft |access-date=13 October 2008 |archive-date=6 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006192350/http://www.essentialvermeer.com/delft/delft_today/oude_and_nieuwe.html |url-status=live }}

|-

|Diriangén{{cite book |last=Ortiz Nuñez |first=Ramiro |title=Dirianghen: padre de la patria nicaragüense |publisher=Tipografía Brenes |location=Managua |year=1953 |lang=es}}

|{{Flag|Nicaragua}}

|Padre de la Patria Nicaragüense

|Father of the Nicaraguan Fatherland

|Native Nicaraguan tribal leader

|-

| Nnamdi Azikiwe

| {{Flag|Nigeria}}

| Father of Nigerian Nationalism

|

| First president of Nigeria when it became a republic on 1 October 1963, and was the last governor general of Nigeria.

|-

| Krste Misirkov

| {{Flag|North Macedonia}}

| {{lang|mk|Татко на нацијата}} ({{lang|mk-Latn|Tatko na nacijata}})

| Father of the Nation

| Prominent linguist, writer and activist.

|-

| Einar Gerhardsen

| {{Flag|Norway}}

| {{lang|no|Landsfaderen}}

| Father of the Nation

| First post–World War II prime minister of Norway.{{cite web | url = http://www.aftenposten.no/fakta/tusenarsskiftet/article561221.ece | title = Gratulerer, kjære landsmann! | publisher = Aftenposten | author = Bjørn Talen | date = 1987-05-09 | access-date = 2007-12-18 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071013134650/http://www.aftenposten.no/fakta/tusenarsskiftet/article561221.ece |archive-date = 2007-10-13|language=no}}

|-

| Kim Il Sung

| {{Flag|North Korea}}

| {{lang|ko|주체조선의 영원한 수령}} ({{transl|ko|juchejoseonui yeong'wonhan suryeong}})

| Eternal Leader

| Founder of the North Korean state, progenitor of Juche, and General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea from 1949 to 1994https://www.cfr.org/north-korea-power-structure

|-

| Muhammad Ali Jinnah

| {{Flag|Pakistan}}

| Baba-e-Qaum{{cite news|url=http://thenews.jang.com.pk/updates.asp?id=54870|title=Quaid's 60th death anniversary being marked today|date=11 September 2008|work=The News International|access-date=2008-11-09|quote=Today the nation marks the 60th Death anniversary of Mohammad Ali Jinnah, known as Quaid-e-Azam, meaning "Great Leader" and Baba-e-Qaum meaning Father of the Nation.}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}/Quaid-e-Azam{{cite web |title=Father of the Nation : Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah |url=http://quaid.gov.pk/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503015545/http://quaid.gov.pk/index.htm |archive-date=2009-05-03 |access-date=2008-11-09 |publisher=Government of Pakistan}}

| Father of the Nation/Great Leader

| Led the Pakistan Movement and served as first governor-general of Pakistan.

|-

| Yasser Arafat

| {{Flag|Palestine}}

| The Father of Palestine{{cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2005/09/the-father-of-palestine/304226/|title=The Father of Palestine}}

| Father of the Nation

| Led the Palestinian liberation movement and served as president of the State of Palestine from 1994 to 2004.

|-

| Sir Michael Somare

| {{Flag|Papua New Guinea}}

| Papa Blo Kantri (Tok Pisin) {{Cite web|date=2021-02-26|title=Sir Michael Somare, Papua New Guinea's 'Father of the Nation', dies aged 84|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/26/sir-michael-somare-papua-new-guineas-father-of-the-nation-dies-aged-84|access-date=2021-02-26|website=the Guardian|language=en|archive-date=26 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226134404/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/26/sir-michael-somare-papua-new-guineas-father-of-the-nation-dies-aged-84|url-status=live}}

| Father of the Nation

| Leader at independence in 1975; also known as "the chief" and "the old man".

{{cite book |last=East |first=Roger |author2=Richard Thomas |title=Profiles of People in Power |publisher=Routledge |year=2003 |page=[https://archive.org/details/profilesofpeople0001east/page/408 408] |chapter=Papua New Guinea |isbn=1-85743-126-X |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/profilesofpeople0001east/page/408 }}

|-

| Emilio Aguinaldo

| rowspan="3" | {{Flag|Philippines}}

| {{lang|tl|Kauna-unahang Pangulo ng Pilipinas}}

| First President of the Philippines

| Military Leader of the Philippine Revolution and the First President of the Philippines through the 1899 Malolos Congress, which oversaw the promulgation of the Malolos Constitution. His birthday, 22 March 1869, is celebrated as Emilio Aguinaldo Day.

|-

| Andrés Bonifacio

| {{lang|tl|Amá ng Himagsikan}}

| Father of the Revolution

| Political Leader of the Philippine Revolution, which saw armed resistance against the Spanish Empire. His birthday, 30 November 1863, is a national holiday.

|-

| José Rizal

| {{lang|tl|Pambansáng Bayani}}

| National Hero

| Colloquially known as the "National Hero". Rizal's works and writings–which helped start the Philippine Revolution–are part of the national curriculum as mandated by Republic Act No. 1425. The anniversary of his 30 December 1896 execution by the Spanish colonial government is a national holiday.{{cite web|url=http://www.joserizal.com/|title=Jose Rizal|access-date=2014-05-10|archive-date=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429190455/http://www.joserizal.com/|url-status=live}}

|-

| Ignacy Daszyński, Roman Dmowski, Wojciech Korfanty, Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Józef Piłsudski, Wincenty Witos

| rowspan="2" | {{Flag|Poland}}

| {{lang|pl|Ojcowie Niepodległości}}, {{lang|pl|Ojcowie Polski Odrodzonej}}

| Fathers of Independence, Fathers of Reborn Poland

| After World War I six fathers of independence jointly took advantage of the favorable conditions and led to the birth of the Second Polish Republic.{{cite web|url=https://niepodlegla.gov.pl/o-niepodleglej/roznymi-sciezkami-ku-niepodleglej-szli-ojcowie-polski-odrodzonej/|title=Różnymi ścieżkami ku Niepodległej szli. Ojcowie Polski Odrodzonej|access-date=2023-09-05|archive-date=2023-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905183439/https://niepodlegla.gov.pl/o-niepodleglej/roznymi-sciezkami-ku-niepodleglej-szli-ojcowie-polski-odrodzonej/|url-status=live}}

|-

| Mieszko I

| {{lang|pl|Twórca państwa polskiego}}

| Founder of the Polish state

| Mieszko I united slavic tribes of Poland, baptized the country and became the first historical ruler of Poland.

|-

| Afonso I of Portugal

| {{Flag|Portugal}}

| {{lang|pt|Fundador da Nação}}

| Father of the Nation
a.k.a. The Conqueror

| Founder and first King of Portugal (1139), recognized by the Holy See in 1179.

|-

| Peter I of Russia

| {{Flag|Russia}}

| {{lang|ru|Отец Отечества}} ({{transl|ru|Otec Otečestva}})

| Father of the Fatherland

| Was granted the title in 1721 by the Governing Senate, along with "Emperor of Russia" and "The Great".

{{cite book |last=Anisimov| first=Evgeniy Viktorovich|others=translator John T. Alexander |title=The Reforms of Peter the Great: Progress Through Coercion in Russia |publisher=M.E. Sharpe|year=1993 |page=143 |isbn=1-56324-047-5}}

|-

| El-Ouali Mustapha Sayed

| {{Flag|Western Sahara}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| Leader of the Polisario Front, First President of the SADR. Fought against Spanish colonial army & against the invasion of the Moroccan and Mauritanian armies in the Western Sahara conflict.

|-

| Sir John Compton

| {{Flag|Saint Lucia}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| Prime Minister at independence in 1979. Also known as "Daddy Compton".{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1562638/Sir-John-Compton.html |title=Obituary: Sir John Compton |date=10 September 2007 |work=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=2009-01-17 |archive-date=14 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220614092013/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1562638/Sir-John-Compton.html |url-status=live }}

|-

| Saint Marinus

| {{Flag|San Marino}}

|

|

| Founder of a chapel and monastery in central Italy, in 301 (traditional date: 3 September). From this initial community the state of San Marino later grew.{{cite news |url=http://catholicsaints.info/saint-marinus/ |title=Saint Marinus |date=2 September 2017 |work=CatholicSaints.Info |access-date=22 January 2018 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908002522/http://catholicsaints.info/saint-marinus/ |url-status=live }}

|-

| Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia

| {{Flag|Saudi Arabia}}

| {{lang|ar|وَالِد الْأُمَّة}} ({{transl|ar|Wālid al-ʔumma}})/{{lang|ar|الْمُؤَسِّس}} ({{transl|ar|Al-Muʔassis}})

| Father of the Nation/The Founder

| Unified the tribes of the Arabian Peninsula and established the modern Saudi state. He descended from the noble House of Saud, the dynasty which had ruled most of Arabia in the 18th century. His son King Salman is the current head of state of Saudi Arabia. Five other older sons – Saud, Faisal, Khalid, Fahd and Abdullah – served as former heads of state.

|-

| Donald Dewar

| rowspan="1" | {{Flag|Scotland}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| The inaugural holder of the office of First Minister of Scotland following the reconvening of the Scottish Parliament in 1999.{{Cite news|url=https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/news/18781330.remembering-donald-dewar-glasgow-politician-became-father-nation/|title=Remembering Donad Dewar: the Glasgow politician who became 'Father of the Nation'|work=Glasgow Times|date=12 October 2020|access-date=11 April 2023|archive-date=12 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212092723/https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/news/18781330.remembering-donald-dewar-glasgow-politician-became-father-nation/|url-status=live}} He is known as the Father of the Nation for his role in overseeing the introduction of Scottish devolution.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y5lIicTg8QMC |title=Britannica Book of the Year |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica, Incorporated |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-85229-782-7 |page=509 |language=en |access-date=12 October 2024}}

|-

| Dobrica Ćosić

| rowspan="3" | {{Flag|Serbia}}

| {{lang|sh-Cyrl|Отац нације}} ({{lang|sh-Latn|Otac nacije}}){{cite web|url=http://arhiva.glas-javnosti.rs/arhiva/2000/05/11/srpski/P00051027.shtm|title=Ko je ovaj čovek?: Dobrica Ćosić|author=Zorica Vulić|date=11 May 2000|language=sr|publisher=Glas javnosti|access-date=25 August 2019|archive-date=27 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327232011/http://arhiva.glas-javnosti.rs/arhiva/2000/05/11/srpski/P00051027.shtm|url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=http://www.b92.net/info/emisije/pescanik.php?yyyy=2007&mm=03&nav_id=237772 |title=Injekcija za Srbe |author=Lukić, Svetlana Lukić & Svetlana Vuković |date=16 March 2007 |publisher=B92: Peščanik |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070327212553/http://www.b92.net/info/emisije/pescanik.php?yyyy=2007&mm=03&nav_id=237772 |archive-date=2007-03-27 }}

| Father of the Nation

| Yugoslav and Serbian politician, writer, and political theorist.

|-

| Karađorđe and Miloš the Great

| {{lang|sh-Cyrl|Отац нације}} ({{lang|sh-Latn|Otac nacije}}){{cite book|author=Durde Jelenić|title=Nova Srbija i Jugoslavija, 1788–1921|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=77QMAAAAIAAJ|year=1923|page=56|quote=ОТАЦ ОТАЏБИНЕ – КАРАЂОРЂЕ ПЕТРОВИЋ}}{{cite book|author=Milivoj J. Malenić|title=Posle četrdeset godina: u spomen proslave četrdesetogodišnjice Sv. Andrejske velike narodne skupštine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q-IwAQAAMAAJ|year=1901|publisher=U Drž. štamp. Kralj. Srbije|quote=да се на престо српски поврати њен ослободилац и оснивалац: Отац Отаџбине, Милош Обреновић Велики,}}

| Father of the Nation

| Leaders of the First and Second Serbian Uprising during the Serbian Revolution.

|-

| Saint Sava

| {{lang|sh-Cyrl|Отац отаџбине}} ({{lang|sh-Latn|Otac otadžbine}}){{cite book|author=Branko Pešić|title=Spomen hram Sv. Save na Vračaru u Beogradu: 1895–1988|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6T7kAAAAMAAJ|year=1988|publisher=Sveti arhijerejski sinod Srpske pravoslavne crkve|quote=Отац Отаџбине Св. Сава је надахнуо Немањи- ну државу идеалима хришћанског патриотизма и створио слободну цркву у слободној држави. Држа- ва је Отечество – земља мојих ота- ца. Држава не сме да буде импери- ја, јер где ...}}

| Father of the Fatherland

| Founder of the Serbian Orthodox Church.

|-

| Lee Kuan Yew

| {{Flag|Singapore}}

|

| Father of Singapore

| First Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore, governing for over 30 years. Leading figure throughout Singapore's time as a part of Malaysia and its later independence.

|-

| Primož Trubar

| {{Flag|Slovenia}}

| {{lang|sl|Oče naroda}}

| Father of the Nation

| A consolidator of Slovene and the author of the first Slovene printed book.

|-

| Mohammed Abdullah Hassan

| {{Flag|Somalia}}

|

| Father of the fatherland

| The emir of Dervish and Diiriye Guure.{{cite book |last1=Omar |first1=Mohamed |title=The Scramble in the Horn of Africa |date=2001 |page=402 |quote=This letter is sent by all the Dervishes, the Amir, and all the Dolbahanta to the Ruler of Berbera ... We are a Government, we have a Sultan, an Amir, and Chiefs, and subjects ... (reply) In his last letter the Mullah pretends to speak in the name of the Dervishes, their Amir (himself), and the Dolbahanta tribes. This letter shows his object is to establish himself as the Ruler of the Dolbahanta}}

|-

| Nelson Mandela

| {{Flag|South Africa}}

| Tata wethu{{which lang?|date=September 2024}}

| Father of the Nation

| Primary leader of internal resistance to apartheid as chairman of the African National Congress, and first President of post-apartheid South Africa.{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/en/events/mandeladay/2010/observance2010.shtml |title=Nelson Mandela International Day, July 18, For Freedom, Justice and Democracy |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-22 |archive-date=26 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170626123837/http://www.un.org/en/events/mandeladay/2010/observance2010.shtml |url-status=live }}

|-

| Catholic Monarchs (Ferdinand and Isabella)

| {{Flag|Spain}}

| {{lang|es|Reyes Católicos de los reinos de Castilla y Aragón}}

| Catholic Monarchs of the Kingdoms of Castille and Aragon

| The unifiers of Spain. They unified the territories of Castille, Aragon and Al-Andalus, all the territories of the Iberian Peninsula, except Portugal. During their reign America was discovered and started the Spanish Empire.

|-

| Don Stephen Senanayake

| {{Flag|Sri Lanka}}

| {{lang|si|ජාතියේ පියා}} ({{transl|si|Jātiyē Piyā}})

| Father of the Nation

| First Prime Minister, from 1947 to 1952.

{{cite book |last=Phadnis |first=Urmila |author-link1=Urmila Phadnis |author2=Rajat Ganguly |title=Ethnicity and Nation-building in South Asia |publisher=SAGE |year=2001 |edition=revised |page=181 |isbn=0-7619-9439-4}}

|-

| Johan Ferrier

| {{Flag|Suriname}}

| {{lang|nl|Vader des Vaderlands}}

| Father of the Nation

| First president after the independence of the country in 1975 (the term {{lang|nl|Vader des Vaderlands}} has its roots in the Netherlands).

|-

| Gustav I of Sweden

| rowspan="2" | {{Flag|Sweden}}

| {{lang|sv|Landsfader}}

| Father of the Nation

| Broke Sweden from Danish rule under Christian II.

|-

| Per Albin Hansson{{Cite web |last=Ryytty |first=Carsten |date= |year=2014 |title=Per Albin Hansson dör |url=https://www.so-rummet.se/aret-runt/albin-hansson-dor |access-date=2025-02-20 |website=www.so-rummet.se |language=sv |quote=Under krigsåren 1939-1945 kom Hansson att framstå som en landsfader och en garanti för fullföljande av den svenska neutralitetspolitiken.}}

| {{lang|sv|Landsfader}}

| Father of the Nation

| Prime Minister 1932–1946 and founder of The People's Home.

|-

| Julius Nyerere

| {{Flag|Tanzania}}

| {{lang|sw|Baba wa Taifa}}

| Father of the Nation

| First President of Tanzania.{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/tanzania-weeps-for-father-of-the-nation-739027.html|title=Tanzania weeps for father of the nation|last=Duval Smith|first=Alex|date=20 October 1999|work=The Independent|access-date=2008-11-08|archive-date=15 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215140138/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/tanzania-weeps-for-father-of-the-nation-739027.html|url-status=live}}

|-

| Henry Alcazar, Victor Bryan, Tubal Uriah Butler, Rudranath Capildeo, Simbhoonath Capildeo, Arthur Andrew Cipriani, Albert Gomes, Solomon Hochoy, A. P. T. James, Audrey Jeffers, Ranjit Kumar, Emmanuel Mzumbo Lazare, Chanka Maharaj, Bhadase Sagan Maraj, Quintin O'Connor, Michael Pocock, Adrian Cola Rienzi (Krishna Deonarine), Alfred Richards, Harold Robinson, Timothy Roodal, Lionel Seukeran, Ashford Sinanan, Mitra Sinanan, Sarran Teelucksingh, Louis de Verteuil, Gerald Wight, Eric Williams, Hugh Wooding{{Cite web|url=https://issuu.com/pariapublishing/docs/50th_independence_besson|title=50th Anniversary of Independence of Trinidad and Tobago|date=26 May 2013 |access-date=21 February 2021|archive-date=27 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327195343/https://issuu.com/pariapublishing/docs/50th_independence_besson|url-status=live}}

| rowspan="2" | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}

|

| Moulders of the Nation

| They helped shape the country's future as an independent nation and laid the foundation of democracy.

|-

| Eric Williams

|

| Father of the Nation

| First and three-term Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1956 to his death in 1981, first Premier of Trinidad and Tobago from 1961 to 1966, second Chief Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1956 to 1961, founder of the People's National Movement (PNM) and was instrumental in writing the Trinidad and Tobago constitution and gaining the country independence and republicanism from British rule.{{Cite web|title=Trinidad and Tobago Parliament|url=http://ttparliament.org/members.php?mid=26&pid=23&id=EWI01|access-date=2020-12-06|website=ttparliament.org}}{{Cite web|date=2018-02-07|title=Dr. Eric Williams: The Father of the Nation|url=https://www.caribbeanlifenews.com/dr-eric-williams-the-father-of-the-nation/|access-date=2020-12-06|website=Caribbean Life News|language=en-US|archive-date=18 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518222808/https://www.caribbeanlifenews.com/dr-eric-williams-the-father-of-the-nation/|url-status=live}}

|-

| Habib Bourguiba

| {{Flag|Tunisia}}

| {{lang|ar|الْمُجَاهِد الْأَكْبَر}} ({{transl|ar|al-Mujāhid Al-ʔakbar}})

| The Supreme Warrior

| Father of the independence of Tunisia and first President of Tunisia. He led the Tunisian national movement against the French colonial empire. After Tunisian independence, he founded a modern state, built schools and hospitals and gave the Tunisian women rights that are still unique in the Arab World today.

|-

| Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

| {{Flag|Turkey}}

| {{lang|tr|Atatürk}}

| Father of the Turks (always used as a last name and not a title proper)

| Founder of the Republic of Turkey and first President of Turkey. He led the Turkish national movement in the Turkish War of Independence, and enacted the reforms that made Turkey a democratic nation-state. Granted in accordance with the 1934 Surname Law establishing surnames in Turkey.{{cite book|last=Parla|first=Taha |author2=Andrew Davison|title=Corporatist Ideology in Kemalist Turkey: Progress Or Order?|publisher=Syracuse arUniversity Press|year=2004|pages=37–8|isbn=0-8156-3054-9}}

|-

| Bohdan Khmelnytsky

| {{Flag|Ukraine}}

|

| Father of the Nation

| Leader of the Khmelnytsky Uprising against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and founder of the Cossack Hetmanate, the first independent Ukrainian state.

|-

| Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan

| {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}

| {{lang|ar|وَالِد الْأُمَّة}} ({{transl|ar|Wālid al-ʔumma}})

| Father of the Nation

| President of the UAE for its first 33 years (1971–2004).{{cite press release|url=http://www.ameinfo.com/166663.html |title=Abu Dhabi's Zayed Mosque tours to take on special Ramadan significance |date=20 August 2008 |access-date=2009-01-17 |quote=His Highness Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the late UAE President and Ruler of Abu Dhabi, a man affectionately known as 'The Father of The Nation' for his work as an architect of the UAE Federation. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607065303/http://www.ameinfo.com/166663.html |archive-date=7 June 2011 }}

{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3975849.stm |title=Obituary: Sheikh Zayed |last=Wheeler |first=Julia |date=2 November 2004 |work=BBC News |publisher=BBC |access-date=2009-01-17 |quote=He was frequently referred to as the father of the nation. |archive-date=16 July 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716124629/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3975849.stm |url-status=live }}

|-

| George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin and other Signers and Framers

| rowspan="2" | {{Flag|United States}}

|

| Founding Fathers{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_founding_fathers.html|title=America's Founding Fathers|publisher=National Archives|access-date=2008-02-18|archive-date=16 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416102739/https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_founding_fathers.html|url-status=live}}Stanfield, Jack. America's Founding Fathers: Who Are They? Thumbnail Sketches of 164 Patriots (Universal-Publishers, 2001).

| The Signers signed the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776. The Framers were delegates to the Constitutional Convention and took part in framing or drafting the proposed United States Constitution.

|-

| George Washington

|

| Father of His Country{{harvtxt|Grizzard|2002|pp=105–107}}Rupert Cornwell, [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/presidents/george-washington-the-father-of-the-nation-1391109.html "George Washington: The father of the nation" (17 January 2009).] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010154312/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/presidents/george-washington-the-father-of-the-nation-1391109.html |date=10 October 2017 }}

| George Washington is particularly highlighted out of the Founding Fathers of the United States as being the "father of his country" for his role as the commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, his resignation of command at the end of the war, the presidency of the Constitutional Convention and for his tenure (and voluntary retirement) as the first President of the United States.

|-

| José Gervasio Artigas

| {{Flag|Uruguay}}

| {{lang|es|Padre de la independencia uruguaya}}, {{lang|es|Protector de los Pueblos Libres y Jefe de los orientales}}

{{cite web |url=http://www.me.gov.ar/efeme/index.html?mes=6&dia=19 |title=Efemérides Culturales Argentinas: Junio 19 |year=2009 |publisher=Ministry of Education, Argentina |access-date=2009-01-20 |quote=1764: Nace en Montevideo (Uruguay) José Gervasio Artigas, iniciador rioplatense del federalismo y padre de la independencia uruguaya. Falleció cerca de Asunción el 23 de septiembre de 1850. |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619131416/http://www.me.gov.ar/efeme/index.html?mes=6&dia=19 |archive-date=2009-06-19 }}

| Father of Uruguayan independence, Defender of the Free and Chief of the eastern people

{{cite book |title=Latin American Government and Politics: The Dynamics of a Revolutionary Society |url=https://archive.org/details/latinamericangov0000edel |url-access=limited |first=Alexander Taylor |last=Edelmann |publisher=Dorsey Press |year=1965 |page=[https://archive.org/details/latinamericangov0000edel/page/309 309] |quote=José Gervasio Artigas, who doggedly led his guerrilla bands against the Spanish armies and raised the flag of a free Uruguay, is affectionately remembered by his fellow countrymen as "the father of Uruguayan independence.}}

| Fought against the Spanish Royalists for independence in the Río de la Plata.

|-

| Ho Chi Minh

| {{Flag|Vietnam}}

| {{lang|vi|Cha già dân tộc}}

| Father of the people

| Leader of the Viet Minh, who fought for independence from France in the First Indochina War and decisively defeated them at the bloody Battle of Dien Bien Phu, resulting in the establishment of an independent Democratic Republic of Vietnam in the north of the country in 1954. Vietnam would eventually be united under Communist Party of Vietnam rule after his death with the Fall of Saigon at the end of the Vietnam War in 1975.

|-

|Rhodri Morgan

|{{Flag|Wales}}

|Tad y Genedl{{Cite journal |last=Phillips |first=Ioan |date=20 July 2021 |title=Morgan, Hywel Rhodri (1939-2017), gwleidydd |trans-title=Morgan, Hywel Rhodri (1939-2017), politician |url=https://bywgraffiadur.cymru/article/c12-MORG-RHO-1939 |journal=Y Bywngraffiadur [Dictionary of Welsh Biography] |language=Welsh |access-date=12 October 2024}}

|Father of the Nation

|First Minister of Wales from 2000 to 2009. He is credited with stabilising Welsh devolution after the short and unstable premiership of his predecessor, the first First Minister Alun Michael.{{Cite journal |last=Bory |first=Stéphanie |date=1 January 2018 |title=From Rhodri Morgan to Carwyn Jones, two different styles of leadership |url=https://journals.openedition.org/osb/2003 |journal=Observatoire de la société britannique |language=en |issue=20 |pages=117–132 |doi=10.4000/osb.2003 |issn=1775-4135 |access-date=12 October 2024}}{{Cite book |last=Hurst |first=Greg |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RLphWa7ViogC |title=The Times Guide to the House of Commons, 2010 |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-007-35158-9 |page=62 |chapter=The old era: Welsh coalition complications |publisher=Times Newspapers Limited |access-date=12 October 2024}}{{Cite journal |last=Phillips |first=Ioan |date=20 July 2021 |title=Morgan, Hywel Rhodri (1939-2017), politician |url=https://biography.wales/article/s12-MORG-RHO-1939 |journal=Dictionary of Welsh Biography |access-date=12 October 2024}}

|-

| Kenneth Kaunda

| {{Flag|Zambia}}

| Tata{{which lang?|date=September 2024}}

| Father of the nation

| First president of Zambia from 1964 to 1991. He founded the Zambian African National Congress (ANC), later becoming the head of the United National Independence Party (UNIP) which led to attaining independence.

|}

• List of national founders

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite book |last=Grizzard |first=Frank E. Jr. |author-link=Frank E. Grizzard, Jr. |title=George Washington: A Biographical Companion |year=2002 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-57607-082-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RioTGCygpT8C}}

• Family as a model for the state
• Fathers of Confederation
• Founding fathers of the European Union
• Founding Fathers of the United States
• List of national founders
• Pater Patriae
• Victory title

{{Lists of people considered founders by specific groups|state=autocollapse}}

Category:Political terminology

Category:Nation

Category:Fatherhood

Category:Men's social titles