Fleming Fjord Formation
{{Short description|Geological formation in Greenland}}
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Fleming Fjord Formation
| image = File:Fleming Fjord Formation.png
| caption = The Buch Bjerg "Track-site" at the Fleming Fjord Formation
| type = Geological formation
| age = Norian-Rhaetian
~{{fossil range|222|202}}
| period = Rhaetian
| prilithology = Mudstone, claystone
| otherlithology = Limestone, sandstone
| namedfor = Fleming Fjord
| namedby =
| region = East Greenland
| country = Greenland
| coordinates = {{coord|71.9|N|22.56|W|display=inline,title}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|45.7|N|2.8|W|display=inline}}
| unitof = Scoresby Land Group
| subunits = Edderfugledal, Malmros Klint & Ørsted Dal Members
| underlies = Kap Stewart Group
| overlies = Gippsdalen Formation
| thickness = {{convert|200|-|300|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| extent = Jameson Land
| area = {{convert|3000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
| map = {{Location map+ | Greenland
| relief = 1
| width = 200
| float = center
| places =
{{Location map~ | Greenland
| lat_deg = 71.9
| lon_deg = -22.56
| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
}}
| map_caption =
}}
The Fleming Fjord Formation, alternatively called the Fleming Fjord Group is an Upper Triassic geological formation in the northeastern coast of Jameson Land, Greenland. It consists of terrestrial sediments and is known for its fossil content.
Description
It is of Norian to Rhaetian age and is subdivided into three members; at the base the Edderfugledal Member, followed by the Malmros Klint Member with the Ørsted Dal Member at the top. It was deposited in a large shallow to ephemeral lake.{{cite journal|last1=Clemmensen|first1=L.B.|last2=Kent|first2=D.V.|last3=Jenkins|first3=F.A. Jr.|year=1998|title=A Late Triassic lake system in East Greenland: facies, depositional cycles and palaeoclimate|journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology|publisher=Elsevier|volume=140|issue=1–4|pages=135–159|url=http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/download/fedora_content/download/ac:143285/CONTENT/S0031-0182_98_00043-1.pdf|access-date=2 December 2012|doi=10.1016/s0031-0182(98)00043-1|bibcode=1998PPP...140..135C}}
Paleobiota
The fauna of Fleming Fjord is diverse, including sauropodomorph dinosaurs, pterosaurs, temnospondyls, mammaliaforms, aetosaurs, and other taxa.{{Cite journal |last1=Clemmensen |first1=Lars B. |last2=Milàn |first2=Jesper |last3=Adolfssen |first3=Jan Schulz |last4=Estrup |first4=Eliza Jarl |last5=Frobøse |first5=Nicolai |last6=Klein |first6=Nicole |last7=Mateus |first7=Octávio |last8=Wings |first8=Oliver |date=2015-12-16 |title=The vertebrate-bearing Late Triassic Fleming Fjord Formation of central East Greenland revisited: stratigraphy, palaeoclimate and new palaeontological data |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287387885 |journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications |volume=434 |issue=1 |pages=31–47 |doi=10.1144/sp434.3 |issn=0305-8719 |s2cid=130069487}} Freshwater unionid bivalves and conchostracans have been reported from the Malmros Klint Member.
= Fish =
Lungfish, actinopterygian, and chondrichthyan teeth have been reported from the Malmros Klint Member.
= Amphibians =
= Reptiles =
Besides the forms described below, a diverse ichnofauna of small and large tracks has also been reported from the Malmros Klint Member,{{Cite journal |last1=Sulej |first1=Tomasz |last2=Wolniewicz |first2=Andrzej |last3=Bonde |first3=Niels |last4=Błażejowski |first4=Błażej |last5=Niedźwiedzki |first5=Grzegorz |last6=Tałanda |first6=Mateusz |date=2014-12-10 |title=New perspectives on the Late Triassic vertebrates of East Greenland: preliminary results of a Polish−Danish palaeontological expedition |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269411243 |journal=Polish Polar Research |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=541–552 |doi=10.2478/popore-2014-0030 |s2cid=44113380 |issn=2081-8262|doi-access=free }} as well as coprolites{{Cite journal |last1=Hansen |first1=Bitten Bolvig |last2=Milàn |first2=Jesper |last3=Clemmensen |first3=Lars B. |last4=Adolfssen |first4=Jan Schulz |last5=Estrup |first5=Eliza Jarl |last6=Klein |first6=Nicole |last7=Mateus |first7=Octávio |last8=Wings |first8=Oliver |date=2015-12-17 |title=Coprolites from the Late Triassic Kap Stewart Formation, Jameson Land, East Greenland: morphology, classification and prey inclusions |journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications |volume=434 |issue=1 |pages=49–69 |doi=10.1144/sp434.12 |issn=0305-8719 |s2cid=130321311}}{{Cite journal |last1=Milàn |first1=Jesper |last2=Mateus |first2=Octávio |last3=Mau |first3=Malte |last4=Rudra |first4=Arka |last5=Sanei |first5=Hamed |last6=Clemmensen |first6=Lars B. |date=2021 |title=A possible phytosaurian (Archosauria, pseudosuchia) coprolite from the late triassic fleming fjord group of jameson land, central east Greenland |url=https://run.unl.pt/handle/10362/125319 |journal=Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark |volume=69 |pages=71–80 |doi=10.37570/bgsd-2021-69-05 |s2cid=237873890 |issn=0011-6297|hdl=10362/125319 |hdl-access=free }} and additional theropod, pterosaur, and turtle fossils.{{Cite journal |author=Marco Marzola |author2=Octávio Mateus |author3=Jesper Milàn |author4=Lars B. Clemmensen |date=March 2018 |title=A review of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic tetrapods from Greenland |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323551728 |journal=Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark |pages=21–46}}{{paleobiota-key-compact}}
= Synapsids =
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
= Bibliography =
- {{cite journal |last1=Kent |first1=D. V. |last2=Clemmensen |first2=L. B. |year=2021 |title=Northward dispersal of dinosaurs from Gondwana to Greenland at the mid-Norian (215–212 Ma, Late Triassic) dip in atmospheric pCO2 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=118 |issue=8 |page=e2020778118 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2020778118 |pmid=33593914 |pmc=7923678 |bibcode=2021PNAS..11820778K |doi-access=free}}
Category:Geologic formations of Greenland
Category:Triassic System of Europe
Category:Triassic System of North America