Hadash

The party was formed on 15 March 1977 when the Rakah and Non-Partisans parliamentary group changed its name to Hadash in preparation for the 1977 elections. The non-partisans included some members of the Black Panthers (several others joined the Left Camp of Israel) and other left-wing non-communist groups. Within the Hadash movement, Rakah (which was renamed Maki, a Hebrew acronym for Israeli Communist Party, in 1989) has retained its independent status.

In its first electoral test, Hadash won five seats, an increase of one on Rakah's previous four. However, in the next elections in 1981 the party was reduced to four seats. It maintained its four seats in the 1984 elections, gaining another MK when Muhammed Wattad defected from Mapam in 1988. The 1988 election resulted in another four-seat haul, though the party lost a seat when Charlie Biton broke away to establish Black Panthers as an independent faction on 25 December 1990. The 1992 elections saw the party remain at three seats.

In the 1996 elections the party ran a joint list with Balad. Together they won five seats, but split during the Knesset term,{{cite web |url=https://www.knesset.gov.il/faction/eng/FactionPage_eng.asp?PG=6 |title=Hadash-Balad |publisher=Knesset |access-date=15 June 2015}} with Hadash reduced to three seats. The 1999 elections saw them maintain three seats, with Barakeh and Issam Makhoul replacing Ahmad Sa'd and Saleh Saleem.

In the 2003 elections Hadash ran on another joint list, this time with Ahmed Tibi's Ta'al. The list won three seats,{{cite web |url=https://www.knesset.gov.il/faction/eng/FactionPage_eng.asp?PG=125 |title=Hadash-Ta'al |publisher=Knesset |access-date=15 June 2015}} but again split during the parliamentary session, leaving Hadash with two MKs, Barakeh and Makhoul.

In the 2006 elections Hadash won three seats, with Hana Sweid and Dov Khenin entering the Knesset alongside Barakeh. The party won an additional seat in the 2009 elections, taken by Afu Agbaria.

In January 2015, former Knesset speaker Avraham Burg joined Hadash.{{cite news |date=3 January 2015 |url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Former-Knesset-speaker-Burg-joins-far-left-Jewish-Arab-party-Hadash-386560 |title=Former Knesset speaker Burg joins far-left Jewish-Arab party Hadash |newspaper=The Jerusalem Post |access-date=27 January 2015}}

File:Hadash, protest against Lebanon war.jpg at a Hadash rally against the 2006 Lebanon War.]]

Hadash is a left-wing party that supports a socialistic economy{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/19/world/israeli-vote-politics-israeli-weighing-broad-coalition-further-peace.html |title=The Israeli Vote: The Politics; Israeli Is Weighing a Broad Coalition to Further Peace |author=Deborah Sontag |newspaper=The New York Times |date=19 May 1999 |page=A12 |access-date=15 June 2015}} and workers' rights. It emphasizes Jewish–Arab cooperation, and its leaders were among the first to support a two-state solution. Its voters are principally middle class and secular Arabs, many from the north and Christian communities.{{cite news |url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/coexistence-despite-everything/ |title=Coexistence, despite everything |author=Matti Friedman |newspaper=The Times of Israel |date=16 January 2013 |access-date=15 June 2015}} It also draws 6,000–10,000 far-left Jewish voters during national elections.{{cite news|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/israel-election-2015/.premium-1.646427 |title=Meet the Israeli Jews who will vote for the Arab ticket |author=Judy Maltz |newspaper=Haaretz |date=12 March 2015}}

The party supports evacuation of all Israeli settlements, a complete withdrawal by Israel from all territories occupied as a result of the Six-Day War, and the establishment of a Palestinian state in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. It also supports the right of return or compensation for Palestinian refugees. In addition to issues of peace and security, Hadash is also known for being active on social and environmental issues.{{cite web |url=http://www.zionism-israel.com/dic/Hadash.htm |title=Hadash |publisher=Zionism and Israel – Encyclopedic Dictionary |access-date=28 July 2006}} In keeping with socialist ideals, Hadash's environmental platform, led by Maki official Dov Khenin,{{cite news |author= Sharon Udasin |url= http://www.jpost.com/Israel-Elections/Its-tough-to-be-green-Parties-outline-their-platforms-393120 |title= It's tough to be green: Parties outline their platforms |newspaper= The Jerusalem Post |date=6 March 2015 |access-date= 15 June 2015}} calls for the nationalization of Israel's gas, mineral, and oil reserves.{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/features/it-s-the-environment-stupid.premium-1.485951 |title=It's the environment, stupid |author=Zafrir Rinat |newspaper=Haaretz |date=20 December 2012 |quote=Hadash is adhering to its socialist origins and asking to nationalize the gas, mineral and oil reserves. |access-date=15 June 2015}}

Hadash defines itself as a non-Zionist party, originally in keeping with Marxist opposition to nationalism. It calls for recognition of Palestinian Arabs as a national minority within Israel. Hadash has in recent times included elements of Arab nationalism in its platform.Ilan Lior, [https://www.haaretz.com/khenin-netanyahu-gov-t-danger-to-israel-1.5224802 MK Dov Khenin: Netanyahu government is dangerous for Israel], Haaretz (16 January 2013). "It has also spearheaded Knesset legislation on environmental issues (it describes itself as red-green)."

Hadash shifted to a more Arab nationalist appeal after running on a joint list with Ta'al in 2003.{{cite news |date=22 July 2004 |url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/opinion/whither-arab-israeli-parties-1.129202 |title=Whither Arab Israeli parties? |author=Danny Rabinowitz |newspaper=Haaretz |access-date=27 January 2015}}

In 2015, Hadash declared its support for international campaigns against companies operating in the occupied Palestinian territories.{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/israel/.premium-1.660368 |title=Arab-Jewish party declares support for boycotting firms in settlements |author=Jack Khoury |newspaper=Haaretz |date=9 June 2015 |access-date=9 June 2015}}

The party's platform for the 2009 elections consisted of:{{cite web|url=http://hadash2009.org.il/ |title=Hadash program for Israel |publisher=Hadash |access-date=8 February 2009 |language=he |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090102065908/http://hadash2009.org.il/ |archive-date=2 January 2009 }}

1. Achieving a just, comprehensive, and stable peace: Israeli/Palestinian and Israeli/Arab
2. Protecting workers' rights and issues
3. Developing social services: health, education, housing, welfare, culture, and sports
4. Equality for the Arab population in Israel
5. Eradicating ethnic discrimination in all fields; defending the concerns of residents of disadvantaged neighborhoods and development towns
6. Protecting democratic freedoms
7. Equality between the sexes in all fields
8. Protecting the environment; environmental justice
9. Eradicating weapons of mass destruction

On 1 November 2009, then party leader Mohammad Barakeh was indicted on four counts for events that occurred between April 2005 and July 2007; assault and interfering with a policeman in the line of duty, assault on a photographer, insulting a public servant, and for attacking an official who was discharging his legal duty.{{cite news |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/134166 |title=Criminal Charges Against Arab MK Barakeh |author= Gil Ronen |date=1 November 2009 |publisher= Arutz Sheva |access-date=1 November 2009 }}{{cite news |url=http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Hadash-MK-indicted-for-assault-while-demonstrating-against-state |title=Hadash MK indicted for assault while demonstrating against state |author=Dan Izenberg |date=1 November 2009 |work=The Jerusalem Post |access-date=27 January 2015 }} The charges related to his role in a protest against Israeli government policy, and was considered controversial mainly by those who were opposed to such protests.

{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center

!Election

!Votes

!%

!Seats

!+/–

!Knesset members

|-

|1977

|80,118

|4.6

|{{Composition bar|5|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|–

|align=left|Charlie Biton, Avraham Levenbraun (replaced by Hanna Mwais), Tawfik Toubi, Meir Vilner, Tawfiq Ziad

|-

|1981

|64,918

|3.4

|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{nowrap|{{decrease}}1}}

|align=left|Charlie Biton, Tawfik Toubi, Meir Vilner, Tawfiq Ziad

|-

|1984

|69,815

|3.4

|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{steady}}

|align=left|Charlie Biton, Tawfik Toubi, Meir Vilner, Tawfiq Ziad, Muhammed Wattad (joined from Mapam)

|-

|1988

|84,032

|3.7

|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{steady}}

|align=left|Charlie Biton (left party during Knesset term), Tawfik Toubi (replaced by Tamar Gozansky), Meir Vilner (replaced by Hashem Mahameed), Tawfiq Ziad (replaced by Mohamed Nafa)

|-

|1992

|62,545

|2.4

|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{decrease}}1

|align=left|Tamar Gozansky, Hashem Mahameed, Tawfiq Ziad (replaced by Saleh Saleem)

|-

|1996{{efn-lr|name=Balad|In an alliance with Balad, which won a total of five seats}}

|129,455

|4.2

|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{increase}}1

|align=left|Tamar Gozansky, Ahmad Sa'd, Saleh Saleem, Hashem Mahameed

|-

|1999

|87,022

|2.6

|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{decrease}}1

|align=left|Mohammad Barakeh, Tamar Gozansky, Issam Makhoul

|-

|2003{{efn-lr|name=Ta'al|In alliance with Ta'al.}}

|93,819

|3.0

|{{Composition bar|2|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{decrease}}1

|align=left|Mohammad Barakeh, Issam Makhoul

|-

|2006

|86,092

||2.7

|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{increase}}1

|align=left|Mohammad Barakeh, Dov Khenin, Hana Sweid

|-

|2009

|112,130

|3.3

|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

||{{increase}}1

|align=left|Mohammad Barakeh, Dov Khenin, Hana Sweid, Afu Agbaria

|-

|2013

|113,439

|3.0

|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}||{{steady}}

|align=left|Mohammad Barakeh, Dov Khenin, Hana Sweid, Afu Agbaria

|-

|2015

|colspan=2|{{nowrap|Part of the Joint List}}

|{{Composition bar|5|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{increase}}1

|align=left|Ayman Odeh, Aida Touma-Suleiman, Dov Khenin, Yousef Jabareen, Abdullah Abu Ma'aruf, Youssef Atauna

|-

|April 2019{{efn-lr|name=Ta'al}}

|193,442

|4.49

|{{Composition bar|4|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{decrease}}1

|align=left|Ayman Odeh, Aida Touma-Suleiman, Ofer Cassif, Yousef Jabareen

|-

|September 2019

|colspan=2|{{nowrap|Part of the Joint List}}

|{{Composition bar|5|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{increase}}1

|align=left|Ayman Odeh, Aida Touma-Suleiman, Ofer Cassif, Yousef Jabareen, Jabar Asatra

|-

|2020

|colspan=2|{{nowrap|Part of the Joint List}}

|{{Composition bar|5|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{steady}}

|align=left|Ayman Odeh, Aida Touma-Suleiman, Ofer Cassif, Yousef Jabareen, Jabar Asatra

|-

|2021

|colspan=2|{{nowrap|Part of the Joint List}}

|{{Composition bar|3|120|hex={{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{decrease}}2

|align=left|Ayman Odeh, Aida Touma-Suleiman, Ofer Cassif

|-

|2022{{efn-lr|name=Ta'al}}

|178,735||3.75

|{{Composition bar|4|120|{{party color|Hadash}}}}

|{{increase}}1

|align=left|Ayman Odeh, Aida Touma-Suleiman, Ofer Cassif, Youssef Atauna

|}

{{notelist-lr}}

• Meir Vilner chairman (1976–1992)
• Tawfiq Ziad chairman (1992–1994)
• Saleh Saleem chairman (1996–1999)
• Tawfik Toubi, secretary-general (1989–1993){{cite news |author=Jonathan Lis |author2=Jack Khoury |title=Last member of Israel's first Knesset dies at 89 |url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/national/last-member-of-israel-s-first-knesset-dies-at-89-1.348876 |work=Haaretz |date=13 March 2011 |access-date=3 January 2015}}
• Mohammad Barakeh, secretary-general (1993–1999), chairman (1999–2015)
• Ayman Odeh, secretary-general (2006–present), chairman (2015–present)

{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

{{Commons category|Hadash}}

• [http://hadash.org.il/english/ Official website] {{in lang|en|ar|he|ru}}
• [https://www.knesset.gov.il/faction/eng/FactionPage_eng.asp?PG=12 Hadash] Knesset website
• {{cite news |author=Sharon Roffe-Ofir |url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3633961,00.html |title=Hadash leader: Elections are between enlightened, conservative |publisher=Ynetnews |date=12 May 2008}}

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