Huping Mountain
{{Short description|Mountain in Hunan, China}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Huping Mountain
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| native_name = {{native name|zh|壶瓶山}}
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| map = China Hunan
| map_caption = Location of the mount within Hunan
| location = Shimen County, Hunan, China
| coordinates = {{coord|30.00949|N|110.676656|E|type:mountain_region:China|format=dms|display=title,inline}}
| elevation = {{convert|2098.7|m|adj=on}}
| prominence =
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Huping Mountain ({{zh|s=壶瓶山|t=壺瓶山|p=Húpíng Shān}}) is located in Shimen County, Hunan, China.{{r|gu|zou|fa|page1=202|page2=195|page3=219}} It is the boundary mountain between Hunan and Hubei provinces. Its highest peak elevation is {{convert|2098.7|m|ft}}, making it the second highest peak in Hunan, after Ling Peak ({{zh|s=酃峰|labels=no}}), which stands {{convert|2115.2|m|ft}} above sea level.{{r|gu|zou|page1=202|page2=195}}{{cite web |language=zh |script-title=zh:航拍视觉看景——湖南这6+1个高山之巅的风景 你有领略过吗？|url=https://hn.rednet.cn/content/2021/10/20/10310845.html|website=rednet.cn|date=2021-10-20|access-date=2025-01-17}}
History
Huping Mountain was designated as a Provincial Nature Reserve by Hunan Provincial People's Government in 1982 and was rated as a National Nature Reserve by the State Council of China in 1994.
Geography
Huping Mountain is a part of the Wuling Mountains, lies at the northern end of the Wuling Mountains, with 266 peaks above {{convert|1000|m|ft}} above sea level.{{cite news |author1=Yao Yuan ({{lang|zh|姚远}}) |language=zh |script-title=zh:壶瓶山：湖南北界的奇妙世界 |url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_13026997 |accessdate=2025-01-17 |work=thepaper.cn |date=2021-06-08}} It has an area of {{convert|600|km2|adj=on}}, all of which belongs to Shimen County.
There are seven streams and brooks rise in Huping Mountain, all of them flow into the Xie River ({{zh|s=渫水|labels=no}}), a first level tributary of the Lishui River.{{r|zou|fa|page1=195|page2=219}}
There are over 100 waterfalls in Huping Mountain, which known as "Huping Flying Waterfalls" ({{zh|s=壶瓶飞瀑|labels=no}}) is one of the "Ten Scenic Spots of Changde".{{r|fa|page=220}}
Biology
There are a large number of flora and fauna in Huping Mountain, with over 6,500 species currently recognized, including 570 species of vertebrates belonging to 4 classes, 30 orders, and 100 families, including 9 species of national first-class protected animals such as leopard, clouded leopard, dwarf musk deer, golden eagle, scaly-sided merganser, oriental stork, black stork, and Chinese pangolin.{{r|fa|page=219}} There are also 49 species of national second-class key protected animals such as Chinese giant salamander, temminck's tragopan, macaque, and mainland serow. 4,145 species of insects also inhabit the mountain.{{r|fa|page=219}}
There are 3,080 species of vascular plants belonging to 1,026 genera in 227 families in Huping Mountain, including 7 species of national first-class protected plants such as Davidia involucrata, Davidia involucrata var vilmoriniana, Ginkgo, Taxus chinensis, {{ill|Taxus chinensis var. mairei|zh|南方红豆杉}}, {{ill|Bretschneidera sinensis|zh|鐘萼木}}, and Metasequoia glyptostroboides, as well as 29 species of national second-class protected plants such as Tetracentron sinense, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, Liriodendron chinense, and Emmenopterys.
= South China Tiger Release Natural Experimental Zone =
In history, the South China tiger once lived in the mountain.{{cite news |language=zh |script-title=zh:壶瓶山被定为华南虎放归三大自然试验区之一 |url=https://www.hunan.gov.cn/hnyw/bmdt/201212/t20121210_4795258.html |accessdate=2025-01-17 |work=hunan.gov.cn |date=2011-02-20}}
In 2011, the National Forestry Administration (now National Forestry and Grassland Administration) officially designated Huping Mountain as one of the natural experimental areas for releasing South China tigers.{{cite journal |author1=Huang Xiangyun ({{lang|zh|黄祥云}}) |author2=Hu Defu ({{lang|zh|胡德夫}}) |author3=Tang Xiaoping ({{lang|zh|唐小平}}) |author4=Wang Zhichen ({{lang|zh|王志臣}}) |author5=Liu Weishi ({{lang|zh|刘伟石}}) |language=zh |script-title=zh:壶瓶山自然保护区华南虎野外调查及栖息地评价 |journal=Journal of Zhejiang Forestry University |date=2004 |issue=21 |pages=180–184 |url=https://zlxb.zafu.edu.cn/fileZJNLDXXB/journal/article/zjnldxxb/2004/2/PDF/21-2-14.pdf |accessdate=2025-01-17 |publisher=Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University |location=Hangzhou, Zhejiang |issn=2095-0756}}{{cite news |author1=Zhuo Meng ({{lang|zh|卓萌}}) |language=zh |script-title=zh:华南虎有望放归壶瓶山 |url=http://www.hunan.gov.cn/hnyw/zwdt/202012/t20201216_14032232.html |accessdate=2025-01-17 |work=Government of Hunan |date=2020-12-16}}{{cite news |author1=Qin Xiaoping ({{lang|zh|覃小平}}) |author2=Yang Cuncun ({{lang|zh|杨存存}}) |language=zh |script-title=zh:壶瓶山自然保护工作经验全省推介 |url=https://hn.rednet.cn/content/646747/68/12487386.html |accessdate=2025-01-17 |work=rednet.cn |date=2023-03-24}}{{cite news |author1=Zhuo Meng ({{lang|zh|卓萌}}) |language=zh |script-title=zh:壶瓶山上，华南虎有望“归山” |url=https://hunan.voc.com.cn/article/202012/202012160924524338.html?mobile |accessdate=2025-01-17 |work=hunan.voc.com.cn |date=2020-12-16}}
Literature
When the Tang dynasty (618–917) poet Li Bai was exiled, he passed by Huping Mountain and left behind the famous line: "The waterfall flies over Huping Mountain, and peach blossoms fall from the cave entrance." ({{zh|s=壺瓶飛瀑布，洞口落桃花|labels=no}})