Interplay Entertainment#Studios

File:Old Interplay Logo.jpg; Brian Fargo stated that the logo was intended to resemble a person seated in front of a keyboard.{{cite tweet |number=769678691928453120 |user=BrianFargo |title=Remember this old Interplay logo. We... |date=August 28, 2016}}]]

Prior to Interplay, the company's founding developers—Brian Fargo, Troy Worrell, Jay Patel, and Rebecca Heineman—worked for Boone Corporation, a video game developer based in California.{{cite web |url=https://www.gamedeveloper.com/design/the-burger-speaks-an-interview-with-an-archmage |title=The Burger Speaks: An Interview With An Archmage, Page 2 of 7 |first=Matt |last=Barton |date=27 December 2010 |website=Gamasutra |access-date=February 3, 2019 |archive-date=February 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190204014645/https://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/134614/the_burger_speaks_an_interview_.php?page=2 |url-status=live }} When Boone eventually folded, the four got together with investor Chris Wells and, believing they could create a company that was better than Boone, founded Interplay in October 1983.{{cite web |url=http://www.gamespy.com/articles/697/697083p16.html |title=GameSpy Retro: Developer Origins, Page 16 of 19 |first=John |last=Keefer |date=March 31, 2006 |website=GameSpy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609133059/http://www.gamespy.com/articles/697/697083p16.html |archive-date=June 9, 2007 |url-status=dead}}{{cite web |url=http://bardstale.brotherhood.de/talefiles/inside/insidefiles/webmaster/february00.html |title=Greetings from the Webmaster |date=January 11, 2000 |website=The Adventurers' Guild |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302083812/http://bardstale.brotherhood.de/talefiles/inside/insidefiles/webmaster/february00.html |archive-date=March 2, 2013 |url-status=dead |access-date=June 20, 2014 }} The first projects were non-original and consisted of software conversions and even some military work for Loral Corporation.Rusel DeMaria, Johnny L. Wilson, "High Score." 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill/Osborne: Emeryville, California, 2004. p.209. {{ISBN|0-07-223172-6}} After negotiations with Activision, Interplay entered a US$100,000 contract to produce three illustrated text adventures for them.{{cite web|first=Alex|last=Pham|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-nov-09-fi-geezer9-story.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007150517/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-nov-09-fi-geezer9-story.html|title=At 40, He Hopes He's Got Game|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|archivedate=October 7, 2023|date=November 9, 2003|access-date=October 7, 2023}} Published in 1984, Mindshadow is loosely based on Robert Ludlum's Bourne Identity while The Tracer Sanction puts the player in the role of an interplanetary secret agent. Borrowed Time which features a script by Arnie Katz's Subway Software followed in 1985. These adventures built upon work previously done by Fargo; his first game was the 1981-published Demon's Forge.

The same year, Interplay Productions, then contracted out by Electronic Arts, ported EA's Racing Destruction Set to the Atari 8-bit computers. The conversion, entirely coded by Rebecca Heineman, was released in 1986 via Electronic Arts for the United States and Ariolasoft for the European market.

Interplay's parser was developed by Fargo and an associate and in one version understands about 250 nouns and 200 verbs as well as prepositions and indirect objects.Shay Addams. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121122022751/http://www.csd.uwo.ca/Infocom/Articles/parser-war.html "if yr cmptr cn rd ths..."] In: Computer Entertainment, August 1985, pages 24–27, 76–77. In 1986, Tass Times in Tonetown followed. Interplay made a name for itself as a quality developer of role-playing video games with the three-part series The Bard's Tale (1985–1988), critically acclaimed Wasteland (1988) and Dragon Wars (1989). All of them were published by Electronic Arts.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}}

Interplay started publishing its own games, beginning with Neuromancer and Battle Chess, in 1988, and then moved on to publish and distribute games from other companies, while continuing internal game development. In 1995, Interplay published the hit game Descent, developed by startup Parallax Software. Interplay published several Star Trek video games, including Star Trek: 25th Anniversary for computers and for Nintendo Entertainment System and Star Trek: Judgment Rites. These games had later CD-ROM editions released with the original Star Trek cast providing voices. Interplay also published Starfleet Academy and Klingon Academy games, and Starfleet Command series, beginning with Star Trek: Starfleet Command. Another game, Star Trek: Secret of Vulcan Fury, was in development in the late 1990s but was never completed and much of its staff laid off due to budgetary cuts prompted by various factors. In 1995, after several years of delays, Interplay finally published its role-playing game Stonekeep. Other PC games released during the mid- to late 1990s included Carmageddon, Fragile Allegiance, Hardwar and Redneck Rampage.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}}

During the early 1990s, Fargo served as an advisor to Silicon & Synapse, which would ultimately become Blizzard Entertainment. In exchange for 10% equity in the company, Fargo contracted Silicon & Synapse to port games developed by Interplay onto other consoles, providing the studio with its initial funding to support its transition to making original games.{{Cite book |last=Schreier |first=Jason |title=Play Nice: The Rise, Fall, and Future of Blizzard Entertainment |date=October 2024 |publisher=Grand Central Publishing |isbn=9781538725429 |location=New York City |pages=11-13}}

In 1997, Interplay developed and released Fallout, a successful and critically acclaimed role-playing video game set in a retro-futuristic post-apocalyptic setting. Black Isle Studios, a newly created in-house developer, followed with the sequel, Fallout 2, in 1998. Another successful subsequent Interplay franchise was Baldur's Gate, a Dungeons & Dragons game that was developed by BioWare and which spawned a successful expansion, sequel and spin-off series. The spin-off series started with Baldur's Gate: Dark Alliance; the game's success forged a sequel as well. Aside from Dark Alliance, Interplay published a few notable console series such as Loaded and the fighting game series ClayFighter and the games by Shiny Entertainment, MDK and Wild 9.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/1997/06/20/e3-interplay-looks-at-shinys-wild-9|title=E3: Interplay Looks at Shiny's Wild 9 - IGN|date=November 2021|access-date=August 6, 2020|archive-date=August 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820050949/https://www.ign.com/articles/1997/06/20/e3-interplay-looks-at-shinys-wild-9|url-status=live}}{{citation needed|date=February 2019}}

In 1998, Interplay's financial issues became dire. To avert bankruptcy, Interplay went public on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the name Interplay Entertainment.{{Cite web | url=https://bit-tech.net/news/gaming/brian-fargo-investigates-interplay-acquisition/1/ | title=Brian Fargo investigates Interplay acquisition | bit-tech.net | access-date=February 10, 2019 | archive-date=February 10, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210152557/https://bit-tech.net/news/gaming/brian-fargo-investigates-interplay-acquisition/1/ | url-status=live }}

By 1999, Interplay continued to endure losses under Brian Fargo due to increased competition, less-than-stellar returns on Interplay's sports division, and the lack of console titles. Because of this, the company forced itself to seek additional funding from an outside third party. On February 17, 1999, the company entered into a distribution agreement with British game publisher Virgin Interactive, where Interplay would acquire a 43.9% stake (initially a 49.9% stake) in the company and allow Virgin to exclusively distribute their titles in Europe, effectively replacing Interplay's own distribution arm in the region. Interplay also announced that they would distribute Virgin Interactive's titles in North America and several other territories including South America and Japan.{{Citation|title=Interplay Buys Half of Virgin - IGN|date=17 February 1999|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/1999/02/17/interplay-buys-half-of-virgin|language=en|access-date=2020-08-31|archive-date=March 27, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327084247/https://www.ign.com/articles/1999/02/17/interplay-buys-half-of-virgin|url-status=live}}{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=1999-02-17 |title=Interplay Mingles with Virgin UK |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/1999/02/17/interplay-mingles-with-virgin-uk |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=IGN |language=en}} On March 23, 1999, it was announced that the Paris-based Titus Interactive had invested $10 million in the publisher with a considered chance of purchasing Universal Pictures' stake in Interplay, which would allow Titus to own 34% of the company's shares and allow for Interplay to distribute Titus' products in North America.{{Cite web |date=1999-03-23 |title=Titus Takes Interplay Stake |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/1999/03/23/titus-takes-interplay-stake |website=IGN |language=en |access-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-date=August 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240819071050/https://www.ign.com/articles/1999/03/23/titus-takes-interplay-stake |url-status=live }} By May, $25 million was invested by Titus, which within a few months was increased by another $10 million.{{cite news |title=Investment in Interplay |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-may-13-fi-36684-story.html |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=May 13, 1999 |first1=P.J. |last1=Huffstutter |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308100117/http://articles.latimes.com/1999/may/13/business/fi-36684 |archive-date=March 8, 2014}} By August, Titus owned 57% of Interplay's shares.{{Cite web |last=Gaw |first=Jonathan |date=1999-08-26 |title=Interplay Stockholders OK Takeover by Titus |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-aug-26-fi-3854-story.html |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US |access-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823211823/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-aug-26-fi-3854-story.html |url-status=live }}

On 16 April 2001, Titus announced they had expanded their control shares in Interplay to 72.5%. On the same day, they announced they had purchased Interplay's stake in Virgin Interactive, effectively making the latter a fully-owned subsidiary of Titus, which was to allow the three companies to simplify their European distribution arms under the singular Virgin Interactive umbrella.{{cite web|url=http://www.titus-interactive.com/index.php?lang=en&pg=press/010416b|title=Titus Interactive Group updates its acquisition strategy as Interplay Entertainment Corp. announces annual results|access-date=2023-08-09|publisher=Titus Interactive|date=16 April 2001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040224034341/http://www.titus-interactive.com/index.php?lang=en&pg=press/010416b |archive-date=February 24, 2004 |language=en}} On August 28, Titus announced that they had appointed Vivendi Universal Publishing as Interplay's North American distributor in order for Interplay to focus more on development. Prior to this, Titus resecured full distribution rights to its titles in North America, which were not counted for as part of the Vivendi Universal deal.{{Cite web |title=Vivendi Universal to distribute Interplay products |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/vivendi-universal-to-distribute-interplay-products/1100-2808806/ |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=GameSpot |language=en-US |archive-date=March 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303035747/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/vivendi-universal-to-distribute-interplay-products/1100-2808806/ |url-status=live }} On September 27, Interplay announced that Baldur's Gate: Dark Alliance and Giants: Citizen Kabuto would become the first titles under the new agreement.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2001-09-26 |title=Vivendi to Publish Interplay Titles |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2001/09/26/vivendi-to-publish-interplay-titles |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=IGN |language=en |archive-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823134156/https://www.ign.com/articles/2001/09/26/vivendi-to-publish-interplay-titles |url-status=live }} On November 29, 2001, BioWare announced that they had ended their partnership with Interplay, citing unpaid royalties and Titus sublicensing distribution to third-parties for the reason.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2001-12-01 |title=BioWare Breaks with Interplay |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2001/12/01/bioware-breaks-with-interplay |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=IGN |language=en |archive-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823211821/https://www.ign.com/articles/2001/12/01/bioware-breaks-with-interplay |url-status=live }} BioWare took Neverwinter Nights with them, with Infogrames purchasing worldwide publishing rights to the title in January 2002, while BioWare eventually reconsidered with Interplay.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2002-01-26 |title=BioWare and Interplay Settle |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2002/01/26/bioware-and-interplay-settle |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=IGN |language=en |archive-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823211822/https://www.ign.com/articles/2002/01/26/bioware-and-interplay-settle |url-status=live }}

On January 24, 2002, Interplay founder and CEO Brian Fargo resigned from the company, following Interplay's failed move to expand to console gaming as well as conflictions with Titus Interactive.{{Cite web |title=Interplay CEO calls it quits |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/interplay-ceo-calls-it-quits/1100-2842315/ |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=GameSpot |language=en-US |archive-date=August 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240819070945/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/interplay-ceo-calls-it-quits/1100-2842315/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://www.frictionlessinsight.com/archives/2002/06/the-saga-behind.html |title=Information on the change of control to Titus |publisher=Frictionlessinsight.com |date=June 27, 2002 |access-date=July 14, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724193222/http://www.frictionlessinsight.com/archives/2002/06/the-saga-behind.html |archive-date=July 24, 2011 }} He later went on to found InXile Entertainment. Titus' co-founder Hervé Caen took over as Interplay's new CEO and began a range of several unpopular but arguably necessary decisions to cancel various projects, in order to save the company. In April 2002, the company sold Shiny Entertainment to Infogrames for $47 million, which at turn also included a then-upcoming video game based on The Matrix as well as the video game rights to the property transferring over.{{cite web | url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2002/04/25/infogrames-sees-the-matrix | title=Infogrames Sees the Matrix | date=April 25, 2002 | access-date=August 23, 2023 | archive-date=October 7, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007175645/https://www.ign.com/articles/2002/04/25/infogrames-sees-the-matrix | url-status=live }} Due to a low share price, Interplay's shares were delisted from the NASDAQ in 2002 and now trade on the over the counter (OTC) market.{{cite web |last=Powers |first=Rick |title=Interplay Delisted from NASDAQ |url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/news/7870 |publisher=Nintendo World Report |access-date=April 16, 2011 |date=October 9, 2002 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928222557/http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/news/7870 |archive-date=September 28, 2012}}

The company continued to struggle throughout 2003 following an assortment of poorly-selling console titles. On September 29, 2003, the company was entered into a lawsuit with Vivendi Universal over alleged breaches of their partnership and a failure of payment. This led to Interplay ending their North American distribution deal with Vivendi Universal Games.{{cite web | url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/vivendi-dumped-by-interplay/1100-6076127/ | title=Vivendi dumped by Interplay | last=Calvert | first=Justin | website=GameSpot | date=September 29, 2003 | access-date=September 7, 2013 | archive-date=July 30, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730003115/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/vivendi-dumped-by-interplay/1100-6076127/ | url-status=live }} On December 8, 2003, Interplay closed down Black Isle Studios and laid off their entire staff.{{cite web |first=Tor |last=Thorsen |publisher=GameSpot |title=Interplay shuts down Black Isle Studios |date=December 8, 2003 |url=http://www.gamespot.com/pc/rpg/fallout3/news_6085243.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060613125717/http://gamespot.com/pc/rpg/fallout3/news_6085243.html |archive-date=June 13, 2006 |access-date=May 1, 2006}} The company was also involved in issues including debt. Feargus Urquhart later left Black Isle Studios and Interplay suffered a loss of US$20 million in that year.{{cite web |url=https://www.usgamer.net/articles/the-last-days-of-black-isle-studios |title=The Last Days of Black Isle Studios |publisher=USgamer |date=November 24, 2017 |access-date=May 15, 2018 |archive-date=July 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730000917/https://www.usgamer.net/articles/the-last-days-of-black-isle-studios |url-status=dead }}

By June 2004, Interplay's fate was appearing to show, once employees were showing up locked out of the company's offices and other events ensuring, although Titus' co-founder Eric Caen denied that Interplay was closing, deeming them as being "Still There".{{Cite web |title=Caen on Interplay: "We're still here." |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/caen-on-interplay-were-still-here/1100-6099957/ |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=GameSpot |language=en-US |archive-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823215037/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/caen-on-interplay-were-still-here/1100-6099957/ |url-status=live }} However, by June 7, it was reported that several California labor investigators had forcefully shut down Interplay's offices over unpaid royalties to developers, unpaid employees and not issuing any health insurance to them.{{Cite web |title=Interplay offices closed by state officials |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/interplay-offices-closed-by-state-officials/1100-6100019/ |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=GameSpot |language=en-US |archive-date=August 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240819071021/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/interplay-offices-closed-by-state-officials/1100-6100019/ |url-status=live }} By June 9, Interplay's offices had reopened after Herve Caen secured the funds to pay the insurance for Interplay's staff. On the same day, Titus Interactive announced they were declaring bankruptcy, which made Interplay's future uncertain.{{Cite web |title=Interplay reopens, Titus declares bankruptcy |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/interplay-reopens-titus-declares-bankruptcy/1100-6100200/ |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=GameSpot |language=en-US |archive-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823220544/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/interplay-reopens-titus-declares-bankruptcy/1100-6100200/ |url-status=live }} In July, they sold the Redneck Rampage franchise to Vivendi Universal Games for $300,000, and in October, licensed the rights to the Fallout franchise to Bethesda Softworks under a three-game deal, while Interplay would retain ownership of the franchise as well as full rights to an MMO title – Fallout Online.{{Cite web |last=Burnes |first=Andrew |date=2004-10-14 |title=Interplay In Trouble; Assets Sold & Optioned |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2004/10/14/interplay-in-trouble-assets-sold-optioned |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=IGN |language=en |archive-date=April 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413081154/https://www.ign.com/articles/2004/10/14/interplay-in-trouble-assets-sold-optioned |url-status=live }} By then, Interplay's financial issues began to worsen.

In January 2005, Titus Interactive was officially declared bankrupt and closed down all its French operations effectively.{{Cite web |last=Adams |first=David |date=2005-01-06 |title=Interplay Parent Titus Falls |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2005/01/06/interplay-parent-titus-falls |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=IGN |language=en |archive-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823213540/https://www.ign.com/articles/2005/01/06/interplay-parent-titus-falls |url-status=live }} Interplay soon purchased Titus' former assets and led to the company being burdened with debt.

In 2006, Interplay was brought up to the bankruptcy court once again in order to avoid the company going out of business.

In April 2007, in order to pay off creditors, the company altered its licensing agreement with Bethesda Softworks and sold the Fallout IP to them.{{cite news |last=iTZKooPA |url=http://tgnforums.stardock.com/?forumid=141&aid=150073 |title='Fallout' IP Goes To Bethesda Softworks |publisher=Totalgaming.net |date=April 13, 2007 |access-date=April 13, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929094433/http://tgnforums.stardock.com/?forumid=141&aid=150073 |archive-date=September 29, 2007 }}{{Cite news |author=iTZKooPA |title=Interplay Almost Out Of Debt; Searching For 'Fallout'-based MMO Funding |url=http://tgnforums.stardock.com/?forumid=141&aid=160315 |publisher=Totalgaming.net |date=August 15, 2007 |access-date=August 22, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929105940/http://tgnforums.stardock.com/?forumid=141&aid=160315 |archive-date=September 29, 2007 }}

In September 2008, several games from Interplay's catalog were re-released on the digital distribution service GOG.com after being unavailable in retail distribution for years.[http://www.gamespot.com/articles/qanda-gogcoms-drm-free-downloadable-games/1100-6197407/ Q&A: GOG.com's DRM-free downloadable games] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105162436/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/qanda-gogcoms-drm-free-downloadable-games/1100-6197407/ |date=January 5, 2016}} "GOG.com's Interplay catalogue—which includes classics like the Fallout series, MDK 1 and 2, the Descent series, Messiah, Giants: Citizen Kabuto. and Sacrifice." by GameSpot Staff on September 8, 2008

In August 2013, Interplay acquired the remaining rights to the FreeSpace franchise for $7,500 after THQ went to bankruptcy court.[http://www.escapistmagazine.com/news/view/124715-Interplay-Buys-Freespace-Rights-For-a-Cool-7-500 Interplay Buys Freespace Rights For a Cool $7,500] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805121911/http://www.escapistmagazine.com/news/view/124715-Interplay-Buys-Freespace-Rights-For-a-Cool-7-500 |date=August 5, 2013}}

Interplay is co-publishing, with 3D Realms, a remaster of Xatrix Entertainment's 1999 game Kingpin: Life of Crime, which was originally published by Interplay. Known as Kingpin: Reloaded, the game will be developed by Slipgate Ironworks. This was announced on January 17, 2020.{{cite web |url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/video-games/3601351/cult-classic-shooter-kingpin-remastered-kingpin-reloaded-releasing-later-year-pc-consoles/ |title=Cult Classic Shooter 'Kingpin' Being Remastered as 'Kingpin: Reloaded'; Releasing Later This Year For PC, Consoles |first=Mike |last=Wilson |date=19 January 2020 |website=Bloody Disgusting |access-date=January 19, 2020 |archive-date=January 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120123640/https://bloody-disgusting.com/video-games/3601351/cult-classic-shooter-kingpin-remastered-kingpin-reloaded-releasing-later-year-pc-consoles/ |url-status=live }}

In 2021, Interplay, via Black Isle Studios, re-released Baldur's Gate: Dark Alliance on modern consoles, and later that year also released a port of it on PC for the first time.{{Cite web|url=https://gamingbolt.com/baldurs-gate-dark-alliance-2-re-release-is-on-the-table-black-isle-studios|title=Baldur's Gate: Dark Alliance 2 Re-Release is "On the Table" – Black Isle Studios|access-date=May 12, 2021|archive-date=July 22, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722061028/https://gamingbolt.com/baldurs-gate-dark-alliance-2-re-release-is-on-the-table-black-isle-studios|url-status=live}}{{cite magazine |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/baldurs-gate-dark-alliance-is-finally-on-pc/ |title=Baldur's Gate: Dark Alliance is finally on PC |first=Andy |last=Chalk |date=17 December 2021 |magazine=PC Gamer |access-date=December 18, 2021 |archive-date=August 19, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240819071055/https://www.pcgamer.com/baldurs-gate-dark-alliance-is-finally-on-pc/ |url-status=live }}

In 2003 and 2004 Snowblind Studios and Interplay Entertainment had a dispute regarding the Dark Alliance Engine for Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel, Baldur's Gate: Dark Alliance II, and the GameCube version of the original Dark Alliance. The resolution allowed Interplay to retain the work they had already done using that engine, but not to use it in new work.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}}

Bethesda Softworks sued Interplay in 2009, seeking an injunction to stop Interplay from developing Fallout Online and from selling Fallout Trilogy. After several trials spanning almost three years, Interplay gave Bethesda the full rights for Fallout Online for $2 million. Interplay's rights to sell and merchandise Fallout, Fallout 2, and Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel expired on December 31, 2013.{{cite web |title=The Great Fallout Legal Battle Ends Without a Fallout MMO |date=January 9, 2012 |url=http://kotaku.com/5874561/the-great-fallout-legal-battle-ends-without-a-fallout-mmo |publisher=Kotaku |access-date=January 10, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111112900/http://kotaku.com/5874561/the-great-fallout-legal-battle-ends-without-a-fallout-mmo |archive-date=January 11, 2012}}

In 2010, TopWare Interactive revealed that they were developing Battle vs. Chess to be published by SouthPeak Games.{{Cite web|title=Interplay Entertainment Corp. v. Topware Interactive, 751 F. Supp. 2d 1132 {{!}} Casetext Search + Citator|url=https://casetext.com/case/interplay-entertaiment-corp-v-topware-interactive|access-date=2020-09-02|website=casetext.com|archive-date=November 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101013336/https://casetext.com/case/interplay-entertaiment-corp-v-topware-interactive|url-status=live}} Interplay sued them and won an injunction to stop sales in the United States. Interplay won the case by default, and a settlement for $200,000 plus interest was agreed upon on November 15, 2012.{{Cite web|last=Pooled|first=Matt|date=2013-02-11|title=Interplay Wins in the Battle Chess Saga against Topware and SouthPeak|url=http://vrworld.com/2013/02/11/interplay-wins-in-the-battle-chess-saga-against-topware-and-southpeak/|access-date=2020-09-02|website=VR World|language=en-US|archive-date=October 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030072454/http://vrworld.com/2013/02/11/interplay-wins-in-the-battle-chess-saga-against-topware-and-southpeak/|url-status=dead}}

{{Main|List of Interplay games}}

• Black Isle Studios in Orange County, California, started in 1996.

This is a program in which Interplay publishes video games for indie developers. Five games have been released under the program and each is either a platformer or a puzzle video game and is released under digital distribution.

• Pinball Yeah! is Interplay's first game, created by the Coderunners team based in Portugal and their first game since their return. The player must fight against an evil virtual AI system that wants nothing more than to see the demise of the player's high score.{{cite web |title=Pinball Yeah! |url=http://interplay.com/games/discovery.php |access-date=14 August 2011 |archive-date=September 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180921072920/http://www.interplay.com/games/discovery.php |url-status=dead }}
• Tommy Tronic is Interplay's second game by the Discovery program and was developed by Oasis Games and was the studio's first project. Tommy Tronic features classic platforming. The player must run away from Giant Carrots and fight mutated tomatoes.{{cite web |title=Tommy Tronic reviews |url=http://harryballs.com/2011/05/11/tommy-tronic-game-review/ |access-date=14 August 2011 |archive-date=July 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702193105/http://harryballs.com/2011/05/11/tommy-tronic-game-review/ |url-status=dead }}
• Despite being the fourth announced game for the Discovery program, Homesteader is the third game released for the Discovery program. The game is developed by Bogemic Games and is a match-3 puzzle game. The game was released for the PC and had a framerate error.{{cite web |title=Homesteader |url=http://www.beamdog.com/products/homesteader |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808105850/http://www.beamdog.com/products/homesteader |archive-date=8 August 2011 |access-date=14 August 2011}}
• Despite being the third game announced for the Discovery program, Death and the Fly is the fourth game released for the Discovery Program.{{cite web |title=Death and the Fly reviews |url=https://www.amazon.com/Death-and-the-Fly-Download/product-reviews/B0051GN29Y/ref=dp_top_cm_cr_acr_txt?ie=UTF8&showViewpoints=1 |access-date=14 August 2011 |website=Amazon}}
• Crazy Cats Love is developed by Wolf Games and is Interplay's first video game made using the Unity 3D engine.

• 14 Degrees East,{{cite web |url=http://www.14degrees.com/index1.html |title=14 Degrees East |website=www.14degrees.com |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001019054122/http://www.14degrees.com/index1.html |archive-date=19 October 2000 |url-status=dead}} the strategy division of Interplay, located in Beverly Hills and founded in 1999.
• BlueSky Software in California, started in 1988, closed in 2001.
• Brainstorm{{cite web |url=http://brainstormfun.com/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19970412102705/http://brainstormfun.com/index.html |archive-date=April 12, 1997 |date=April 12, 1997 |access-date=October 9, 2012|url-status=usurped |title=เว็บตรง ทดลองเล่น }} in Irvine, California. Publisher for games like Drawing Discoveries{{cite web|url=http://www.presage.com/pDrawDisc.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19970614014755/http://www.presage.com/pDrawDisc.html|title=Stepping Stone Products - Drawing Discoveries|website=Presage Software|archivedate=June 14, 1997|accessdate=May 31, 2025}} and others.
• Digital Mayhem,{{cite web |url=http://digitalmayhem.interplay.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020921213005/http://digitalmayhem.interplay.com/ |archive-date=September 21, 2002 |date=September 21, 2002 |access-date=October 9, 2012|title=Digital Mayhem }} an Interplay development studio that ported Giants: Citizen Kabuto to the PS2 and developed Run Like Hell.
• FlatCat{{cite web |url=http://www.interplay.com/flatcat/index.html |title=Flat Cat - a Division of Interplay Productions |website=www.interplay.com |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990422053637/http://www.interplay.com/flatcat/index.html |archive-date=22 April 1999 |url-status=dead}}
• Interplay Films, a division of Interplay Entertainment, was formed in 1998 and was supposed to develop seven of the company's most popular video game titles into movies, including Descent, Redneck Rampage, and Fallout. Its president was Tom Reed.
• Interplay Sports located in Beverly Hills was the internal sports division at Interplay. The division was founded in 1995 as VR Sports,{{cite magazine |title=At the Deadline |magazine=GamePro |issue=82 |publisher=IDG |date=July 1995 |page=132}} but changed its name in 1998.{{cite web |publisher=Answers.com |title=VR Sports |url=http://www.answers.com/topic/vr-sports |access-date=July 5, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108163503/http://www.answers.com/topic/vr-sports |archive-date=November 8, 2012}}
• MacPlay, ported games to Mac OS from 1990 to 1997. The brand was licensed to United Developers, LLC in 2000.
• Shiny Entertainment in Laguna Beach, California, founded in 1993, acquired in 1995,{{cite magazine |title=A Shiny Look for Interplay |magazine=GamePro |issue=83 |publisher=IDG |date=August 1995 |page=116}} sold to Atari in 2002. It later merged with The Collective to form Double Helix Games in 2007.
• Tantrum Entertainment, founded in 1996, used as a publishing name for Die by the Sword, Heart of Darkness, and Descent 3.{{cite web |url=http://www.tantrum.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19981212033242/http://www.tantrum.com/ |archive-date=December 12, 1998 |date=December 12, 1998 |access-date=October 9, 2012|title=Index of / }}
• Tribal Dreams, a developer that only finished one game, Of Light and Darkness. They were shut down in late 1998 in conjunction with the cancelled adventure game Star Trek: Secret of Vulcan Fury.{{cite magazine |url=https://archive.org/details/PCPowerplay-032-1999-01 |title=Vulcan Fury on Hold |magazine=PC PowerPlay |issue=32 |date=January 1999 |page=20 |access-date=December 12, 2022}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{Official website|https://interplay.com/}}

{{Fallout series}}

{{Descent}}

{{Bard's Tale series}}

{{Star Trek video games}}

{{Mario educational games}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:1983 establishments in California

Category:American companies established in 1983

Category:Brentwood, Los Angeles

Category:Companies based in Los Angeles

Category:Companies traded over-the-counter in the United States

Category:Video game companies based in California

Category:Video game companies established in 1983

Category:Video game development companies

Category:Video game publishers