Irby, Merseyside

File:Irby Hall 2018-3.jpg

The name Irby (Iri býr) is of Viking origin, meaning "farmstead or settlement of the Irish". It is derived from the Old Norse words Íri (Irishman) and bȳ (a farmstead or settlement).{{cite web|url=http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Cheshire/Irby |title=Key to English Place-Names: Irby|publisher=University of Nottingham|access-date=16 April 2021}}{{cite web|url=http://www.btinternet.com/~martin.amlot/history_of_the_parish.htm|title=History of the Parish|first=Martin|last=Amlot|access-date=11 March 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929130748/http://www.btinternet.com/~martin.amlot/history_of_the_parish.htm|archive-date=29 September 2007}} Historically, the name has been spelt as Irreby (1096) and Ireby (1232).{{cite web|url=https://pdfslide.net/documents/wirral-historic-settlement-study-national-museums-historic-settlement-study-merseyside.html |title=Wirral Historic Settlement Study: Irby|publisher=National Museums Liverpool/English Heritage|pages=46|date=December 2011|work=Merseyside Historic Characterisation Project|access-date=16 April 2021}}

Other nearby towns and villages with the Viking "by" suffix in their name include Frankby, Greasby and Pensby.

Although not mentioned in the Domesday Book, the land of the present day village was recorded as being granted to the Abbey of St Werburgh by Hugh Lupus in 1093.

A reference to the existence of a mill at Irby was made in a rental agreement of 1431, whereby tenants were expected to "...grind at Irby Mill to the 16th measure." This referred to the miller receiving this amount in flour as a toll. This original wooden structure was replaced by a post mill in the early 18th century. After being disused since about 1878 and in a very dilapidated condition, the mill was demolished in 1898.{{cite book|title=Pictures from the past: A unique collection of photographs of old Greasby, Irby, Woodchurch and Upton|at=sec. Greasby|first=Derek|last=Young|publisher=The author|year=1983|asin=B0016593RY|asin-tld=co.uk}} Along with a similar structure in Burton, it was one of the last post mills of its kind on the Wirral.{{cite book|title=The Wirral Journal – Volume 1, Number 3|first=Kenneth|last=Burnley|year=1982}} The demolition work was carried out by unskilled labour hired by the miller. They removed the brick base first, resulting in the whole structure becoming dangerously unsafe and crashing to the ground, narrowly avoiding injury or loss of life.{{cite book|title=Yesterday's Wirral: Pictorial History|last=Boumphrey|first=Ian & Marilyn|page=13|year=2000|isbn=1-899241-15-9}}

The Irby Mill public house, which opened for business in 1980, stands adjacent to the site in a building formerly known as Irby Mill Cottage.

Irby Hall was constructed in the early 17th century, with an entrance facade added in 1888.{{cite web|url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-215635-irby-hall-|title=Irby Hall, Birkenhead|publisher=British Listed Buildings|access-date=6 January 2015}} The hall was built on the site of an 11th-century moated manor and courthouse of St Werburgh's Abbey.{{harvnb|Randall|1984|pp=85–86}} The moat is now dry, but has a prominent outer bank.{{cite web|url=http://www.pastscape.org/hob.aspx?hob_id=66242&sort=4&search=all&criteria=Bank%20Hall&rational=q&recordsperpage=10&p=29&move=n&nor=301&recfc=0|title=Irby Hall|publisher=PastScape|access-date=6 January 2015}} Irby Hall was made a Grade II listed building in 1962.{{National Heritage List for England| num=1075368 |desc=Irby Hall |grade=II |access-date=12 June 2016}}

Irby lies on the western side of the northern part of the Wirral Peninsula, {{convert|6.5|km|mi|order=flip}} from the Irish Sea at Hoylake, {{convert|2|km|mi|order=flip}} from the Dee Estuary and about {{convert|7.5|km|mi|order=flip}} from the River Mersey at Tranmere. Irby sits on the eastern side of Thurstaston Hill, at the western side of a wide and shallow glacial U-shaped valley, formed during the Quaternary Ice Age. The underlying bedrock is Triassic bunter sandstone of the Helsby Sandstone Formation, and Triassic siltstone of the Tarporley Siltstone Formation.{{cite web|url=http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/3567/1/CR02109N.pdf|title=Baseline Report Series: 2. The Permo-Triassic Sandstones of west Cheshire and the Wirral |page=7|publisher=British Geological Survey|access-date=6 January 2015}}{{cite web|url=http://www.bgs.ac.uk/discoveringGeology/geologyOfBritain/viewer.html|publisher=British Geological Survey|title=Geology of Britain viewer|access-date=6 January 2015}} This is overlain with boulder clay from the Quaternary Ice Age, similar to the nearby Dee Cliffs, and clay soil. The bedrock is not usually visible, as it is at the summit of Thurstaston Hill.

{{Geographic location

|title = Neighbouring places

|Northwest = Thurstaston Common

|North = Greasby

|Northeast = Arrowe Park

|West = Thurstaston

|Centre = Irby

|East = Thingwall

|Southwest = The Dungeon SSSI

|South = Heswall

|Southeast = Pensby

}}

The highest point in Irby is {{convert|83|m|ft}} above sea level,{{cite web|url=http://www.osola.org.uk/elevations/|title=SRTM & Ordnance Survey Elevation Data in PHP|publisher=osola.org.uk|access-date=6 January 2015|archive-date=27 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627005017/http://www.osola.org.uk/elevations/|url-status=dead}} on Irby Road, near to Irby Hall, in the centre of the village. The higher prominence of Thurstaston Hill is at {{convert|90|m|ft}} above sea level, {{convert|1|km|yd}} to the west. All of the populated area is more than {{convert|55|m|ft}} above sea level, and the ground is on a gentle hillside.

Irby is bounded by Greasby Brook, to the west, which also travels through and alongside Thurstaston Common. The brook has its source in the fields to the south-west of Irby. Meanwhile, Irby is bounded to the north, east and south by part of the field drainage which forms Arrowe Brook.

Irby has a temperate maritime climate (Köppen: Cfb), similar to much of the rest of the United Kingdom. Being close to the sea and sheltered from the prevailing south-westerly wind by Snowdonia, the area has relatively warm summers. The winters are generally mild and wet, mornings with light frost are common, and there are few days of snow. The nearest official weather station, as the crow flies, is at Hall Road in Crosby,{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate-network/#?tab=climateNetwork|title=Crosby Climate|publisher=Met Office|access-date=6 January 2015}} which is about {{convert|16.7|km|mi|order=flip}} to the north.{{cite web|url=http://boulter.com/gps/distance/?from=53.3522+-3.1194&to=53.497%2C+-3.056&units=k|title=Coordinate Distance Calculator|publisher=boulter.com|access-date=6 January 2015}}

{{Weather box

|location = Irby/(Crosby), elevation 9m, 1981–2010

|collapsed =

|metric first = y

|single line = y

|Jan high C = 7.2

|Feb high C = 7.3

|Mar high C = 9.4

|Apr high C = 12.2

|May high C = 15.6

|Jun high C = 17.9

|Jul high C = 19.7

|Aug high C = 19.4

|Sep high C = 17.3

|Oct high C = 13.9

|Nov high C = 10.2

|Dec high C = 7.5

|year high C = 13.2

|Jan low C = 2.4

|Feb low C = 2.1

|Mar low C = 3.8

|Apr low C = 5.1

|May low C = 7.9

|Jun low C = 11.1

|Jul low C = 13.3

|Aug low C = 13.2

|Sep low C = 11.0

|Oct low C = 8.2

|Nov low C = 5.2

|Dec low C = 2.5

|year low C = 7.2

|Jan precipitation mm = 74.9

|Feb precipitation mm = 54.4

|Mar precipitation mm = 63.6

|Apr precipitation mm = 54.3

|May precipitation mm = 54.9

|Jun precipitation mm = 66.2

|Jul precipitation mm = 59.0

|Aug precipitation mm = 68.9

|Sep precipitation mm = 71.7

|Oct precipitation mm = 97.3

|Nov precipitation mm = 82.6

|Dec precipitation mm = 88.8

|year precipitation mm = 836.6

|unit rain days = 1.0 mm

|Jan rain days = 13.8

|Feb rain days = 10.7

|Mar rain days = 12.5

|Apr rain days = 10.4

|May rain days = 10.6

|Jun rain days = 10.5

|Jul rain days = 10.1

|Aug rain days = 11.2

|Sep rain days = 11.5

|Oct rain days = 14.8

|Nov rain days = 14.6

|Dec rain days = 13.9

|year rain days = 144.3

|source 1 = Met Office{{cite web

| url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/crosby-merseyside#?tab=climateTables

| title=Crosby Climate 1981–2010

| publisher=Met Office

| access-date=6 January 2015}}

|date=January 2015}}

The population was 96 in 1801, 180 in 1851 and 146 in 1901.{{cite web|url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CHS/irby|title=Cheshire Towns & Parishes: Irby|publisher=GENUKI UK & Ireland Genealogy|access-date=9 July 2010}} Whilst not being diverse in terms of ethnicity, Irby is an economically diverse neighbourhood, possessing a mixture of large 1930s built private houses together with an estate of 1970s built homes in a range of sizes and an element of 1950s built council housing all in close proximity. In this respect it is regarded locally as a very desirable place to live. Irby is within the catchment area for two local grammar schools: Calday Grange Grammar School for Boys and West Kirby Grammar School for Girls. Despite the typically suburban character of most of its neighbourhoods, Irby is surrounded on all sides by a large amount of green belt and woodland.

Historically within the county of Cheshire, Irby was formerly a township in the Thurstaston and Woodchurch parishes{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/place/5734|title=History of Irby, in Wirral and Cheshire|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=28 September 2024}} of the Wirral Hundred. In 1866 Irby became a separate civil parish. Irby was part of Wirral Rural Sanitary District from 1866, then Wirral Rural District from 1894 and Wirral Urban District from 1933. In 1951 the parish had a population of 4032.{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10205270/cube/TOT_POP|title=Population statistics Irby CP/Tn through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=28 September 2024}} On 1 April 1974 the parish was abolished.{{cite web|url=https://www.ukbmd.org.uk/reg/districts/wirral.html|title=Wirral Registration District|publisher=UKBMD|accessdate=28 September 2024}} Further changes occurred on 1 April 1974, when local government reorganisation resulted in most of Wirral, including Irby, transfer from Cheshire to the newly formed metropolitan county of Merseyside.{{cite web|url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10205270 |title=Irby Tn/CP|publisher=GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth|work=A Vision of Britain through Time|access-date=16 April 2021}}

As of {{year}}, Irby is incorporated into the Greasby, Frankby and Irby Ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral. It is represented on Wirral Borough Council by three Labour councillors.{{cite web|url=http://democracy.wirral.gov.uk/mgMemberIndex.aspx?FN=WARD&VW=LIST&PIC=0Wirral|publisher=Wirral Borough Council|title=Your Councillors by Ward|access-date=5 January 2015}} The most recent local elections took place on 4 May 2023.

The village is part of the parliamentary constituency of Wirral West. It is currently represented by Labour MP Matthew Patrick.

Earlier MPs have included Selwyn Lloyd, a former Foreign Secretary, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Speaker of the House of Commons, as well as William Lever, the founder of Lever Brothers.

File:Shops, Irby Village 1.JPG

Irby's small shopping area has a Morrisons local convenience store, which includes a branch of the Post Office. The shopping area also includes hairdressers, a florist, fast food outlets, restaurants and an off licence.

Arrowe Park Hospital is about a mile from the centre of the village, and includes an Accident and Emergency department. Irby is served by a pharmacy{{cite web|url=https://www.nhs.uk/Services/pharmacies/Overview/DefaultView.aspx?id=FCN12|title=Irby Pharmacy|publisher=NHS Choices|access-date=6 January 2015}} and a dentist.

Irby has an MOT test centre on Mill Hill Road. The Irby telephone exchange serves 6,653 residential premises and 155 non-residential premises. The exchange is operated by BT and provides ADSL services, among others.{{cite web|url=https://www.samknows.com/broadband/exchange/LVIRB|title=Irby Exchange|publisher=SamKnows|access-date=6 January 2015}}

Pensby High School is the nearest state secondary school. Irby Primary School is the local state primary school, with Dawpool CofE primary school also being nearby, towards Thurstaston. However children from the area attend many other schools on Wirral; Calday Grange Grammar School, West Kirby Grammar School, Birkenhead School, Birkenhead Preparatory School, Birkenhead High School to name five.

File:Irby Evangelical Church (1).JPG

Irby has three churches. Two of these are the Irby Methodist Church and the Irby Evangelical Church. Meanwhile, St. Chad's Church is a branch of St Bartholomew's Church in Thurstaston.{{cite web|url=http://www.thurstaston.org.uk/|title=Welcome to St. Bartholomew's Thurstaston, with St. Chad's, Irby|publisher=thurstaston.org.uk|access-date=5 January 2015}} Frank Lester was a previous organist of the Methodist chapel.{{cite book|title=Pictures from the past: A unique collection of photographs of old Greasby, Irby, Woodchurch and Upton|at=sec. Irby|first=Derek|last=Young|publisher=The author|year=1983|asin=B0016593RY|asin-tld=co.uk}}

Irby has a village hall, situated on Thingwall Road, which hosted a performance by The Beatles on 7 September 1962.{{cite web|url=http://wirralwell.org/listing/irby-village-hall/|title=Irby Village Hall|publisher=wirralwell.org|access-date=5 January 2015}}{{cite web|url=http://www.beatlesbible.com/1962/09/07/live-village-hall-irby-wirral/|title=Live: Village Hall, Irby, Wirral|publisher=The Beatles Bible|access-date=5 January 2015}} The village is home to the 1st Thurstaston scout group,{{cite web|url=http://www.firstthurstaston.co.uk/|title=Home|publisher=1st Thurstaston Scout Group|access-date=5 January 2015}} which was started in 1933,{{cite web|url=http://www.firstthurstaston.co.uk/storage/pdf-files/History%20of%2075%20years%20v%2002%202012.pdf|title=A Brief History of the First 75 Years|publisher=1st Thurstaston Scout Group|access-date=5 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903224135/http://www.firstthurstaston.co.uk/storage/pdf-files/History%20of%2075%20years%20v%2002%202012.pdf|archive-date=3 September 2013|url-status=dead}} shortly after the 3rd World Scout Jamboree, held about a mile away, in Arrowe Park, in 1929. The Irby Club was formed in the early 1930s, and is in the centre of the village, in a building which was once the farm house for the former Rookery Farm.{{cite web|url=http://www.irbyclub.co.uk/history-of-the-club.html|title=A Brief History of the Club|publisher=The Irby Club|access-date=5 January 2015}} Irby Library is on Thurstaston Road and was built in the late 1960s on the site of the 18th century Manor Farm. The library has its own group of local volunteers or 'friends'.{{cite web|url=http://www.wirral.gov.uk/my-services/leisure-and-culture/libraries/find-library/irby-library|title=Irby Library|publisher=Wirral Borough Council|access-date=5 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107012822/http://www.wirral.gov.uk/my-services/leisure-and-culture/libraries/find-library/irby-library|archive-date=7 January 2015|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.friendsofirbylibrary.org.uk/|title=Welcome to the Friends of Irby Library Website|publisher=Friends of Irby Library|access-date=5 January 2015}}

File:The Anchor Inn, Thurstaston Road, Irby - geograph.org.uk - 120213.jpg

The Anchor Inn is one of the oldest buildings in Irby,{{cite web|url=http://www.allertonoak.com/merseySights/WirralTI.html|title=Wirral: Thurstaston, Irby, Frankby, Greasby and Arrowe Park|publisher=allertonoak|access-date=5 January 2015}} and, according to an entry in the BBC Domesday Project, was built as a cottage in the 17th century.{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/domesday/dblock/GB-324000-384000/page/7|title=The Anchor Inn, Irby|publisher=BBC Online|work=BBC Domesday Reloaded|access-date=5 January 2015|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120315140759/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/domesday/dblock/GB-324000-384000/page/7|archive-date=15 March 2012|url-status=live}} The Shippons is on Thingwall Road and is a sandstone village pub, converted from old farm buildings.{{cite web|url=http://whatpub.com/pubs/WIR/091/shippons-irby|title=Shippons|publisher=WhatPub!|access-date=5 January 2015}} The Irby Mill is away from the centre of the village, at Irby Hill, towards Greasby. This is a converted miller's cottage constructed in the early 19th century, which had its original windmill demolished in 1898.{{cite web|url=http://www.greasby.btck.co.uk/IrbyMillCottagePub|title=Irby mill, cottage and pub|publisher=Greasby on the Wirral peninsula|access-date=5 January 2015}}{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=24WK0o2BqZoC&q=irby+mill+history&pg=PT133|title=The Good Pub Guide: The North of England|publisher=Ebury Press|year=2011|access-date=5 January 2015|first1=Alisdair|last1=Aird|first2=Fiona|last2=Stapley|isbn=9780091949617}}

Arrowe Park is approximately {{convert|1|mi|km}} east of the village, and Thurstaston Common is a few hundred metres to the west.

Irby has a cricket club situated on Mill Hill Road, which was established in 1948 and promoted to the Cheshire County League in 2001.{{cite web|url=http://www.irbycricketclub.co.uk/Irby_CC_Information.html|title=Irby Cricket Club History|publisher=Irby Cricket Club|access-date=7 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080703170336/http://www.irbycricketclub.co.uk/Irby_CC_Information.html|archive-date=3 July 2008|url-status=dead}} The club operates four teams every Saturday. In the 2008 season, the 1st team, 2nd team and 3rd team were all promoted. For many years the 3rd and 4th XI's played their home games at the Seaview Lane cricket field until an adjacent field was obtained at the Mill Hill ground.

Irby's local football club has teams ranging from under 8's to men's. Inaugurated in 1992, the senior team won the local league in the 2008/09 season. The team motto reads Semper Paratus meaning 'Always Ready'. In earlier years Irby North End, playing at Seaview, enjoyed some success in the national John White League from 1972 to 1977.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Irby also has its own Taekwon-Do School based at Irby Village Hall with separate adult and children's classes{{cite web|url=http://www.wirraltaekwondo.com/|title=Welcome to the home of ITF Taekwon-Do on Wirral|publisher=Wirral UKTA Taekwon-Do School|access-date=17 January 2011}}

The Merseytravel Saveaway ticket may be used on public transport in Merseyside. Prices are determined by Adult and Child status and the ticket is valid for one day. This ticket may also be used to cross the River Mersey on the Mersey Ferry, on direct services only. However these tickets may not be usd between 06.31 and 09.29 Monday-Friday.

The nearest railway station is Heswall (formerly Heswall Hills) on the Borderlands line. Trains depart from here for Wrexham and Bidston. From Irby, accessing the station is difficult via other public transport, and it is approximately a 45-minute walk away and offers only hourly services. Alternatively, buses may be used exclusively or to travel to West Kirby station, which is on the Wirral line of the high-frequency Merseyrail network.

Buses serving Irby, as of August 2020:

• John Aldridge, former Liverpool and Tranmere Rovers footballer.
• Lindsay Kemp, dancer, actor, teacher, mime artist and choreographer, born in Irby on 3 May 1938.
• Frank Lester, recipient of the Victoria Cross.
• Dinah May, English model and actress, born in Irby.
• Colin Whalley, field hockey international.
• Montague White, English cricketer, died in Irby.

• Listed buildings in Irby, Merseyside

{{reflist|30em}}

• {{cite book|title=The Search for Old Wirral|first=David|last=Randall|publisher=Countryvise|date=1984|isbn=9780907768807|oclc=263480984}}

• {{cite book|title=Yesterday's Wirral 6: Neston, Parkgate and Heswall Including Thurstaston, Irby and Greasby|first=Ian|last=Boumphrey|year=1991|publisher=Ian & Marilyn Boumphrey|isbn=9780950725550|oclc=656102143}}
• {{cite book|title=The History of the Hundred of Wirral|first=William Williams|last=Mortimer|year=1847|publisher=Whittaker & Co.|location=London|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyhundredw01mortgoog#page/n304/mode/2up|id=pp265-266}}
• {{cite book|title=Irby, Wirral: Excavations on a Late Prehistoric, Romano-British and Medieval Site, 1987–96|first1=Robert A.|last1=Philpott|first2=Mark H.|last2=Adams|location=Liverpool|publisher=National Museums Liverpool|year=2011|isbn=9781902700410|oclc=751807305}}
• {{cite book|title=Old Irby|first=D. M.|last=Young|year=1993|publisher=Inprint|location=Wallasey|asin=B00AD6TRO6|asin-tld=co.uk}}

{{commons category|Irby, Merseyside|Irby}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070330100350/http://www.eng-h.gov.uk/ArchRev/rev95_6/irby.htm English Heritage Archaeological Activities: Irby]
• [http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20120315140725/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/domesday/dblock/GB-324000-384000 BBC Domesday Project: Irby]
• [http://www.itpas.org.uk Irby Thurstaston & Pensby Amenity Society]

{{Populated Places in Wirral Borough}}

Category:Towns and villages in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral

Category:Former civil parishes in Merseyside