Israeli Americans

The number of Israeli Americans in the United States is estimated to be 191,000 according the 2020 US census.{{cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=United%20States&t=1193&g=050XX00US06085&d=DEC%20Detailed%20Demographic%20and%20Housing%20Characteristics%20File%20A|access-date=2024-06-20|website=data.census.gov}} Israelis began migrating to the United States shortly after the establishment of the State of Israel in May 1948. Thus, during the 1950s, 21,376 Israeli immigrants moved to the US and the 1960s saw 30,911 Israeli immigrants, often seen as the first wave of Israeli immigration to the US when 52,278 Israelis emigrated to the US according to US Immigration data.2012 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics, Office of Immigration Statistics, Homeland Security, Table 2 page 6 A second wave of modest immigration continued with a total of 36,306 Israelis during 1970 to 1979, 43,669 in 1980 to 1989, 41,340 in 1990 to 1999, and 54,801 in 2000 to 2009. Since 2010, Israeli migration to the US has continued at around four thousand per year.

Since the establishment of the State of Israel in May 1948, and until today, many Israelis emigrated to the US. The 2000 US census estimated that nearly 110,000 Israelis lived in the US back then,{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/acs/www/ |title=American Community Survey Main - U.S. Census Bureau |publisher=Census.gov |access-date=2013-06-05}} while other unsourced estimates say the number is much higher, around 500,000.{{cite news|first=Pini |last= Herman|title=Rumors of mass Israeli emigration are much exaggerated|url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/israel/article/rumors_of_mass_israeli_emigration_are_much_exaggerated_20120425|access-date=3 October 2013|newspaper=Jewish Journal|date=April 25, 2012}}{{cite book|author1=Gallya Lahav|author2=Asher Arian |title='Israelis in a Jewish diaspora: The multiple dilemmas of a globalized group' in International Migration and the Globalization of Domestic Politics ed. Rey Koslowski|place=London|publisher=Routledge|year=2005|pages=89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SG3ZXGZ_VvUC&q=Gallya+Lahav+and+Asher+Arian+Diaspora&pg=RA1-PA83|isbn=0-415-25815-4}} A considerable numbers of Israelis, estimated broadly from 200,000 to three times that figure, have moved abroad in the recent decades (Yerida).Andrew I. Killgore.[http://www.washington-report.org/archives/March_2004/0403018.html "Facts on the Ground: A Jewish Exodus from Israel"] Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, March 2004, pp.18-20

According to statistics from the US Department of Homeland Security, between 1949 and 2015, about 250,000 Israelis acquired permanent residency in the US. The statistics did not track those who eventually moved back to Israel.{{cite web|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/why-more-israelis-are-moving-to-the-us/|title=Why more Israelis are moving to the US|last=Sales|first=Ben|website=www.timesofisrael.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-14}} In 2012, a Global Religion and Migration Database constructed by the Pew Research Center showed that there were a total of 330,000 native-born Israelis, including 230,000 Jews, living outside of Israel, in the United States and elsewhere around the world, approximately 4% of Israel's native-born Jewish population.{{citation|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2012/03/08/religious-migration-jewish-migrants/|title=Faith On The Move -The Religious Affiliation of International Migrants|work=The Pew Forum On Religion and Public Life|date=8 March 2012|publisher=The Pew Research Center|access-date=May 16, 2015|ref=none}}{{citation|last=Herman|first=Pini|title=Stop Worrying About Yordim|newspaper=The Jewish Daily Forward|location=New York, NY|date=June 6, 2012|url=http://forward.com/opinion/israel/157075/stop-worrying-about-yordim/}} Based on current estimates of Israel-born Jewish migrants to the US of 140,000, two thirds of Jewish Israeli native emigrants have settled in the US and the remaining third in Canada, Europe, South America, South Africa, and the remainder of the world.

In addition to native-born Israelis and Israelis who originally immigrated to Israel from other countries and then moved on to the United States, there have been American Jews who immigrated to Israel and became Israeli citizens, lived there for a certain period of time, and later returned to the US. Israeli demographer Yinon Cohen estimated the number of American-born Israelis who had returned to the United States to be between 30,000 and 60,000 by 1990, and between 53,000 and 75,000 in 2000.Cohen, Yinon. 2007. "The Demographic Success of Zionism."

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development calculated an 'expatriate rate' of 2.9 persons per thousand, putting Israel in the mid-range of expatriate rates among the 175 countries examined in an OECD report from 2005.{{cite web|title=Database on immigrants and expatriates:Emigration rates by country of birth (Total population) |work=Organisation for Economic Co-ordination and Development, Statistics Portal |url=http://www.oecd.org/document/51/0,3343,en_2825_494553_34063091_1_1_1_1,00.html |access-date=April 15, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512003030/http://www.oecd.org/document/51/0%2C3343%2Cen_2825_494553_34063091_1_1_1_1%2C00.html |archive-date=May 12, 2008 }}

The New York City metropolitan area has now become by far the leading metropolitan gateway for Israeli immigrants legally admitted into the US, with the Los Angeles metropolitan area now in a distant second place.{{cite web|url=https://www.dhs.gov/yearbook-immigration-statistics-2012-legal-permanent-residents|title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2012 Supplemental Table 2|publisher=United States Department of Homeland Security|access-date=2013-04-14}} Within the US, as of April 2013, Israeli airline El Al operated from John F. Kennedy International Airport and Newark Liberty International Airport, both in the New York City metropolitan area, as well as from Los Angeles International Airport. The New York City metropolitan area is home to the largest Jewish community outside Israel, and the city proper contains the largest Jewish community in the world.{{cite web |title=Jewish Community Study of New York |publisher=United Jewish Appeal-Federation of New York |year=2002 |url=http://www.ujafedny.org/atf/cf/%7BAD848866-09C4-482C-9277-51A5D9CD6246%7D/JCommStudyIntro.pdf |access-date=2007-03-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614001800/http://www.ujafedny.org/atf/cf/%7BAD848866-09C4-482C-9277-51A5D9CD6246%7D/JCommStudyIntro.pdf |archive-date=2007-06-14 }}

In 1982, Pini Herman and David LaFontaine, in a study of Israeli emigrants in Los Angeles, found high levels of Jewish affiliation, Jewish organizational participation and concentration in Jewish neighborhoods by Israeli emigrants. Israeli emigrants who behaved in a comparatively secular manner in Israel tended to behave in a more devoutly Jewish manner in Los Angeles and Israeli emigrants who reported greater Jewish behaviors in Israel tended to engage in Jewish behaviors to a lesser degree in Los Angeles, thus both becoming more 'Americanized' in their Jewish behaviors.{{cite book | first1 =Pini | last1 = Herman| first2 = David | last2 = LaFontaine | title= In our Footsteps: Israeli Migration to the U.S. and Los Angeles | year= 1983 |publisher= Hebrew Union College J.I.R.|location= Los Angeles, CA |url=http://bjpa.org/Publications/details.cfm?PublicationID=11688| access-date = 2011-07-09}}.

In 2009, Steven M. Cohen and Judith Veinstein found that in New York, Jewish Israeli emigrants are highly affiliated with the Jewish community even though community affiliation is low in Israel. Israelis were found to be more connected to Judaism than their American counterparts in terms of synagogue membership and attendance, kashrut observance, participation in Jewish charity events and membership in Jewish community centers, among other indicators used by the study.{{cite web| last = Greenberg| first = Sam| title = NY Israelis have high level of Jewish involvement| publisher = The Jerusalem Post| date = 2009-05-03| url = http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull&cid=1239710851449| access-date = 2009-05-09}}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

Israelis tend to be disproportionately Jewishly active in their diaspora communities, creating and participating formal and informal organizations, participating in diaspora Jewish religious institutions and sending their children to Jewish education providers at a greater rate than local diaspora Jews.{{cite news|last = Spence|first = Rebecca|title = Wanting to connect, Israelis find religion|work = Forward|publisher = Forward Association Inc.|date = 2008-04-24| url = http://www.forward.com/articles/13243/| access-date = 2008-04-25}}

Based on the 2013 Pew American Jewry Survey{{citation|url=http://www.pewforum.org/files/2013/10/jewish-american-full-report-for-web.pdf|title=A Portrait of Jewish Americans: Findings from a Pew Research Center Survey of U.S. Jews|page=197|work=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=May 16, 2015|ref=none|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005012457/https://www.pewforum.org/files/2013/10/jewish-american-full-report-for-web.pdf|archive-date=October 5, 2013|url-status=dead}} estimate base on Jews by religion/no religion/Jewish background who were born in Israel is 140,000 nationally. American Jews born in Israel had 40 thousand children under age 18 in their US households. Another estimated 170 thousand Jewish adults not born in Israel have at least one parent born in Israel, and these adults have an estimated 200 thousand children under the age of 18 who have at least one Israel-born grandparent. An additional 60 thousand American Jews reported that they had once "lived in Israel."{{citation|last=Herman|first=Pini|url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/demographic_duo/item/tuchis_sourced_demographics_for_israelis_in_the_us/|title=Tuchis Sourced Demographics for Israelis in the US|work=Demographic Duo Blog|publisher=The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles|access-date=May 15, 2015}}

The US states by Israeli Americans as per the 2000 census:{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_00_110S_QTP13&prodType=table|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212212423/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_00_110S_QTP13&prodType=table|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-02-12|title=110th Congressional District Summary File (Sample): 2000|publisher=Factfinder2.census.gov|date=2010-10-05|access-date=2013-06-05}}

Various Israeli American communities have their own newspapers which are printed in Hebrew. Communities arrange cultural, entertainment and art events (including celebrations of the Israeli independence day which usually takes place in Israeli American demographic centers), and some have the Israeli Network channel, which consists of a selection of live broadcasts as well as reruns of Israeli television news broadcasts, entertainment programs and Israeli sport events. Hundreds of thousands of spectators view the annual Celebrate Israel Parade on Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, which touts itself as the world's largest celebration of Israel.{{cite web|url=http://celebrateisraelny.org/|title=CELEBRATE ISRAEL PARADE|publisher=parade@celebrateisraelny.org|access-date=May 29, 2015}}{{cite web|url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/celebrate-israel-parade-in-nyc-to-include-prominent-north-jersey-contingent-1.1345380|title=Celebrate Israel Parade in NYC to include prominent North Jersey contingent|author=Deena Yellin|publisher=North Jersey Media Group|date=May 29, 2015|access-date=May 29, 2015}} At the 2017 Celebrate Israel parade in Manhattan, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo declared the Sunday Shimon Peres Day in New York and announced a new venture to promote cultural heritage tourism between Israel and New York, as Cuomo marched alongside the son of the late Israeli leader.{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/cuomo-announces-new-tourism-program-celebrate-israel-parade-article-1.3220664|title=Cuomo announces new program promoting tourism between N.Y. and Israel at Celebrate Israel parade|author=Erin Durkin|newspaper=New York Daily News|date=June 4, 2017|access-date=June 4, 2017}}

A variety of Hebrew language websites,{{cite web| url=http://news.hebrewnews.com/main-page| title=Hebrew News| access-date=2008-06-27| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517154203/http://news.hebrewnews.com/main-page| archive-date=2008-05-17}} newspapers and magazines are published in New York,{{cite journal|last = Meyers|first = Oren|title = A Home Away from Home? Israel Shelanu and the Self-Perceptions of Israeli Migrants|journal = Israel Studies|volume = 6|issue = 3|pages = 71–90|publisher = Indiana University Press|year = 2001|url = http://hevra.haifa.ac.il/~comm/he/files/oren/6.3meyers.pdf|access-date = 2008-05-05|doi = 10.1353/is.2001.0031|s2cid = 145606232|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081003061947/http://hevra.haifa.ac.il/~comm/he/files/oren/6.3meyers.pdf|archive-date = 2008-10-03|url-status = dead}}{{cite web|url=http://myisrael.com/index.php|title= My Israel.com |access-date=2008-04-29 |language= he}}{{cite web|url=http://www.israelim.com/|title=Yisraelim.com|access-date=2008-04-29|language=he|archive-date=2008-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430122640/http://www.israelim.com/|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url= http://us.localista.com/|title= Localista.com|access-date= 2008-04-29|language= he|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081201083520/http://us.localista.com/|archive-date= 2008-12-01}} Los Angeles,{{cite web|url=http://www.israeliweekly.com/|title=Shavua Israeli - The Israeli Weekly Magazine|access-date=2008-04-28|language=he|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080416222337/http://www.israeliweekly.com/|archive-date=2008-04-16|url-status=dead}}{{cite web |url=http://www.weinamerica.com/wia/about.aspx|title=We Are in America - The Israeli Magazine |access-date=2008-04-18|language= he |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080402063532/http://weinamerica.com/wia/about.aspx |archive-date = April 2, 2008}} South Florida, and other US regions.{{cite web|url=http://www.phillyisraelim.com/About.asp|title=PhillyIsraelim.com|access-date=2008-04-29|language=he|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723130910/http://www.phillyisraelim.com/About.asp|archive-date=2008-07-23}} The Israeli Channel along with two other Hebrew-language channels are available via satellite broadcast nationally in the US.{{cite web|url=http://www.dishnetwork.com/content/whats_on_dish/international/Israeli/packages.aspx|title=The Israeli Channel on Dish Network|access-date =2008-04-17|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080407111756/http://www.dishnetwork.com/content/whats_on_dish/international/Israeli/packages.aspx|archive-date=2008-04-07}} Hebrew language Israeli programming on local television was broadcast in New York and Los Angeles during the 1990s, prior to Hebrew language satellite broadcast. Live performances by Israeli artists are a regular occurrence in centers of Israeli emigrants in the US and Canada with audience attendance often in the hundreds.{{cite web|url=http://www.mofaim.com/|title= Mofaim |access-date=2008-04-29|language= he}} An Israeli Independence Day Festival has taken place yearly in Los Angeles since 1990 with thousands of Israeli emigrants and American Jews.{{cite web|url=http://www.israelfestival.com/|title= Israeli Independence Day Festival|access-date=2008-04-17}}

In Los Angeles, a Council of Israeli Community was founded in 2001.{{cite web|url=http://www.cicisrael.org|title=Council of Israeli Community|access-date=2008-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509155203/http://cicisrael.org/|archive-date=2008-05-09|url-status=dead}} In 2007, an Israel Leadership Council (ILC) was also organized in Los Angeles, later it was renamed Israeli-American Council, and it has been active in supporting activities for Israel, most recently in 2008, it sponsored with the local Jewish Federation and Israeli consulate a concert in support for the embattled population suffering rocket attacks of Sderot, Israel where the three frontrunners for the US presidency, Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama, and John McCain, greeted the attendees by video and expressed their support for the residents of Sderot. An Israeli Business Network of Beverly Hills has existed since 1996.{{cite web|title=Israeli Business Network of Beverly Hills|url = http://www.ibnbh.org|access-date=2008-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514155525/http://ibnbh.org/|archive-date=2008-05-14|url-status=dead}} The Israeli-American Study Initiative (IASI), a start-up project based at the UCLA International Institute, is set out to document the lives and times of Israeli Americans—initially focusing on those in Los Angeles and eventually throughout the US.{{cite web|last = Friedlander|first = Jonathan|author2 = Amnon Peery|author3 = R. Jean Roth|title = The Israeli-American Study Initiative|publisher = IsraelisInAmerica.Org|date = 2005-03-15|url = http://www.israelisinamerica.org/|access-date = 2008-05-08|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080209220248/http://www.israelisinamerica.org/|archive-date = 2008-02-09|url-status = usurped}}

According to CNN, Israeli companies are establishing entrepreneurial ventures in New York City at the rate of ten new startups per month.{{cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2014/07/10/smallbusiness/israeli-startups-new-york-city/index.html?iid=HP_River|title=Israeli startups flock to New York|author=Sara Ashley O'Brien|publisher=CNN Money|date=July 10, 2014|access-date=July 12, 2014}} In 2022, there were 293 Israeli startups in the New York area, the most of any metropolitan area outside Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/new-york-governor-announces-trip-to-israel-funding-for-israeli-startup/amp/|title=New York governor announces trip to Israel, funding for Israeli startup|author=Luke Tress|publisher=The Times of Israel|date=September 12, 2022|accessdate=September 12, 2022|quote=Governor Kathy Hochul to visit Jewish state for first time in office, pledges $1 million to electric vehicle charging company Zooz Power..New York is home to the largest Jewish population outside Israel, and Hochul is a firm supporter of the state’s Jewish communities and of Israel.."I’m not going to announce any dates, but I’m coming,” she said, calling Israel “a unique place that is like no other on this planet.}}

Israeli Americans are generally seen as having less interaction with the non-Israeli Jewish American community and its institutions, often preferring to maintain ties of association with other Israeli Americans.{{cite book|last = Telushkin|first = Joseph|author-link = Joseph Telushkin|title = Jewish Literacy: The Most Important Things to Know About the Jewish Religion, Its People, and Its History|publisher = William Morrow & Co.|year = 1991|location = New York|page = [https://archive.org/details/jewishliteracy00telu/page/341 341]|isbn = 0-688-08506-7|url-access = registration|url = https://archive.org/details/jewishliteracy00telu/page/341}} Jewish Americans, especially religious Jewish Americans, tend to maintain correspondingly sparse contact with the Israeli American community besides participation in religious ceremonies.{{cite news|last = Eshman|first = Rob|title = Polished Diamonds|newspaper = The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles|page = 8|date = 2008-05-16|url = http://www.jewishjournal.com/home/preview.php?id=19396|access-date=2008-05-18}} An estimated 75% of Israeli Americans marry within the Jewish community, as opposed to about 50% of non-Israeli Jewish Americans.Tugend, Tom. [http://www.jewishjournal.com/nation/article/young_u.s._jews_feel_closer_to_israel_studies_find "Young U.S. Jews feel closer to Israel, studies find."] Jewish Journal. 13 August 2013. At the same time, younger Israelis in the US are assimilating in increasing numbers.{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/Articles/Article.aspx/22474|title=Dear Israelis, America is not Israel|last=Levine|first=Rabbi Menachem|website=Israel National News|date=18 July 2018 |language=en|access-date=2018-12-12}}

{{Main list|List of Israeli Americans}}

• Comedian-writer Robert Smigel came up with a Saturday Night Live sketch in 1990 called the "Sabra Shopping Network". Two years later, Smigel followed it up with "Sabra Price Is Right", starring Tom Hanks as a pushy Israeli game show host, Sandler and Rob Schneider as its presenters and Smigel as a cigarette-smoking announcer, all pushing shoddy electronics on hapless clientele.{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYObK3SNHFY |title=Sabra Price is Right |website=YouTube |access-date=2012-02-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030180248/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYObK3SNHFY&gl=US&hl=en |archive-date=October 30, 2012 }}
• The concept for the 2008 You Don't Mess with the Zohan movie, which was based on the skits "Sabra Shopping Network" and "Sabra Price Is Right", focused on Zohan Dvir, an IDF commando soldier, who stages his own death to fulfill his deepest dream—moving to New York to become a hairdresser.
• At the end of the 2005 film Munich, the main character Avner (played by Eric Bana), who is an Israeli Mossad agent, decides to move from Israel to Brooklyn, New York, to reunite with his wife and their child.

{{Portal|Israel|United States}}

• Yerida
• Israelis
• Israeli Australians
• Israeli Canadians
• Israeli British
• History of Israelis in Los Angeles
• Middle Eastern Americans
• Israel–United States relations
• History of Jews in Latin America and the Caribbean

{{Reflist}}

• Cohen, Nir. "State, Migrants, and the Negotiation of Second-Generation Citizenship in the Israeli Diaspora." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 16.2 (2007): 133-158. [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nir_Cohen2/publication/236028554_State_Migrants_and_the_Negotiation_of_Second-Generation_Citizenship_in_the_Israeli_Diaspora/links/00b7d51ada372251ca000000/State-Migrants-and-the-Negotiation-of-Second-Generation-Citizenship-in-the-Israeli-Diaspora.pdf online]
• Cohen, Yinon. "Socioeconomic Dualism: The Case of Israeli-Born Immigrants in the United States." International Migration Review 23 (1989): 267–88.
• Gold, Steven J. "Israeli Immigrants in the United States: The Question of Community." Qualitative Sociology 17 (1994): 325–45.
• Gold, Steven J. "Gender and social capital among Israeli immigrants in Los Angeles." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 4.3 (1995): 267-301. [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/443868/summary excerpt]
• Rosenthal, Mirra, and Charles Auerbach. "Cultural and Social Assimilation of Israeli Immigrants in the United States." International Migration Review 26, no. 3 (Fall 1992): 982–91.
• Rudolph, Laura C. "Israeli Americans." Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America, edited by Thomas Riggs, (3rd ed., vol. 2, Gale, 2014), pp. 493–503. [https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3273300099/GPS?u=wikipedia&sid=GPS&xid=5a435cfb online]

{{Israelis abroad and their descendants}}

{{Middle Eastern American}}

{{Asian Americans}}

{{Demographics of the United States}}

Category:Middle Eastern diaspora in the United States

United States

Category:Immigration to the United States