Jabodebek LRT

{{short description|Light rapid transit system in Greater Jakarta}}

{{distinguish|text=Jakarta LRT, a similar transit system in Jakarta}}

{{Infobox public transit

| name = Jabodebek LRT

| image = Jabodebek LRT.svg

| imagesize = 180px

| alt =

| caption =

| image2 = LRT Jabodebek Bekasi Line.jpg

| imagesize2 = 250px

| alt2 =

| caption2 = Jabodebek LRT arriving to Jati Mulya station

| owner = Directorate General of Railways (DJKA) of the Ministry of Transportation

| area served = Greater Jakarta{{efn|name=note|Greater Tangerang is excluded. However, plans exist to expand the system to the Soekarno–Hatta International Airport, which is in Tangerang City proper.}}

| locale = Jakarta, Indonesia

| transit_type = Light rapid transit

| lines = 2

| line_number =

| start =

| end =

| stations = 18 (first phase)

| ridership = 103,075 (daily peak)[https://www.metrotvnews.com/read/NgxCDEaQ-lrt-jabodebek-dijejali-lebih-dari-100-ribu-penumpang LRT Jabodebek Dijejali Lebih dari 100 Ribu Penumpang]

70,483 (2024 average)[https://money.kompas.com/read/2025/01/09/134010426/jumlah-pengguna-lrt-jabodebek-tembus-21-juta-sepanjang-2024#:~:text=Editor&text=JAKARTA%2C%20KOMPAS.com%20%2D%20PT,November%202024%2C%20yakni%20sebanyak%2094.172. Jumlah pengguna 2024]

| annual_ridership = 21.055 million (2024)

| chief_executive =

| headquarters = Division of LRT Jabodebek Office, Jalan Kalimalang, Bekasi, 17510, Indonesia

| website = {{url|lrtjabodebek.kai.id}}

| began_operation = {{start date and age|2023|08|28}}

| operator = {{ric|KAI|name=y}}

| character = Elevated

| vehicles = 31 six-car INKA trainsets

| headway = 10 minutes (peak)
20 minutes (off-peak){{cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-6899388/kemenhub-jarak-keberangkatan-antar-lrt-jabodebek-tiap-10-20-menit|title=Kemenhub: Jarak Keberangkatan Antar-LRT Jabodebek Tiap 10-20 Menit|work= Detik news|access-date=6 September 2023}}

| system_length = {{cvt|43.3|km|}} (operational)
{{cvt|85.2|km}} (planned)
{{cvt|128.5|km}} (total)

| track_gauge = {{track gauge|sg|allk=on}}

| el = {{750 V DC|conductor=y}}

| map = {{switcher

| {{Rapid transit OSM map

| frame-lat. = -6.29

| system_qid. = Q20427104

| frame-width = 300

| frame-height = 260

| zoom = 11

}}

| Show interactive map

| File:Greater Jakarta LRT map.jpg

| Show static map

| {{Jabodebek LRT|inline=yes}}

| Show route diagram

}}

| map_name =

| map_state = collapsed

| native_name =

| top_speed = {{cvt|90|km/h|round=5}}

}}

The Jabodebek LRT, formerly known as Greater Jakarta LRT is a fully automated light rapid transit system in Greater Jakarta,{{cite web|url=https://www.railjournal.com/infrastructure/jakarta-jabodebek-light-metro-opening-confirmed-for-june-2023/|website=railjournal.com|title=Jakarta Jabodebek light metro line opening confirmed for June 2023|access-date=13 October 2022}}{{cite web |title=Jabodebek LRT targeted to operate in August: Basic fare of Rp15 thousand |url=https://www.pwc.com/id/en/media-centre/infrastructure-news/january-2022/jabodebek-lrt-targeted-to-operate-in-august-basic-fare-of-rp15-thousand.html |website=PwC |access-date=26 February 2024 |language=en-id}}{{cite web |title=LRT Jabodebek Bakal Beroperasi Setiap Hari hingga Pukul 23.00 WIB |url=https://www.kompas.com/properti/read/2022/02/08/150000621/lrt-jabodebek-bakal-beroperasi-setiap-hari-hingga-pukul-23.00-wib-# |website=KOMPAS.com |access-date=26 February 2024 |language=id |date=8 February 2022}} the capital city of Indonesia, as well as the adjacent areas of West Java,Only cover Bekasi (City and Regency), Depok, and Bogor (City and Regency) within the Jakarta Metropolitan area. It was implemented by the central government, and operated by Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI), the system connects the Jakarta city center with suburbs in Greater Jakarta such as Bogor, Depok and Bekasi, hence its acronym Jabodebek.{{cite news | url=http://lipsus.kompas.com/topikpilihanlist/3414/1/rencana.lrt.di.jakarta | title=Rencana LRT di Jakarta | newspaper=Kompas | location=Jakarta | date=11 September 2015 | language=id | access-date=21 September 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011150858/http://lipsus.kompas.com/topikpilihanlist/3414/1/rencana.lrt.di.jakarta | archive-date=11 October 2015 | url-status=dead }}

The operation of the Jabodebek LRT was initially targeted to begin in 2019. However, the line was hampered by numerous delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It commenced official commercial operations on 28 August 2023.{{Cite web |date=22 August 2023 |title=LRT Jabodebek Akan Diresmikan 28 Agustus |url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20230822094037-92-988833/lrt-jabodebek-akan-diresmikan-28-agustus |access-date=23 August 2023 |website=cnnindonesia.com |language=id}}

History

=Background=

File:Interior of Dukuh Atas Jabodebek LRT Station.jpg

The Jabodebek light rapid transit project aims to tackle Jakarta's high road traffic congestion. The northern section of the LRT project partly replaces the Jakarta Monorail project which has been cancelled.{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/09/10/ahok-confirms-cancellation-monorail-project.html |title=Ahok confirms cancellation of monorail project |newspaper=The Jakarta Post | location=Jakarta | date=10 September 2015| access-date=21 September 2015}}

The monorail project in Jakarta was planned since the early 2000s. Construction commenced in 2004 but immediately stalled due to insufficient funding. In 2005 the initial pylons were constructed. However, the project was abandoned altogether in 2008, leaving the unfinished pylons blocking the main roads. The monorail line design, including the Green loop line and Blue line gained criticism as it only connected shopping malls in Jakarta's city center and would not connect to Jakarta's suburbs, which desperately need transportation infrastructure, and thus would not be useful for Jakartan commuters. Transportation experts deemed that the city center monorail project would not address Jakarta's traffic problems, but would only serve as a novelty tourists' ride.{{cite news|url=http://finance.detik.com/read/2012/10/27/110924/2073858/4/monorel-lebih-cocok-untuk-angkutan-wisata |title=Monorel Lebih Cocok Untuk Angkutan Wisata | author=Wiji Nurhayat | newspaper=Detik Finance | date=27 October 2012 | language=id |access-date=21 September 2015}} To answer the need for commuter infrastructure, a consortium of five state owned enterprises, led by PT Adhi Karya (previously part of the Jakarta Monorail consortium), proposed the construction of a {{convert|39.036|km|mi||abbr=on}} monorail line connecting Cibubur-Cawang-Kuningan and Bekasi-Cawang across Greater Jakarta.{{cite web |url=http://www.investor.co.id/home/adhi-karya-bangun-monorel-cibubur--cawang-kuningan/56598 |title=Adhi Karya Bangun Monorel Cibubur-Cawang-Kuningan |newspaper=Investor Daily |access-date=2015-09-22 |archive-date=2019-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190906162647/http://www.investor.co.id/home/adhi-karya-bangun-monorel-cibubur--cawang-kuningan/56598 |url-status=dead }} The line will connect the 'Green' and 'Blue' lines originally planned by PT Jakarta Monorail to Jakarta's suburbs Cibubur and Bekasi.{{cite news|title=State Firms Propose Jakarta Monorail Extension|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/news/jakarta/state-firms-propose-jakarta-monorail-extension/|work=Jakarta Globe|date=May 6, 2013}}

=Replaced to light rapid transit=

In 2013, the Jakarta monorail project was revived and relaunched. In mid-2014, however, the project was stalled after a disagreement between PT Jakarta Monorel, the developer/operator, and the Jakarta Municipal Government over land acquisition for the depot as well as the station designs.{{cite news|title= Begini Desain Stasiun Monorel Jakarta|date=16 October 2013 | author=Syailendra|url=http://metro.tempo.co/read/news/2013/10/16/083522111/begini-desain-stasiun-monorel-jakarta|language=Indonesian| access-date=27 September 2015}} Following the disagreements, by 2015 the Jakarta Municipal Government terminated its contract with PT Jakarta Monorel; thus monorail project was disbanded altogether. The numerous stalled monorail support poles will be used by state-owned construction company PT Adhi Karya to develop Jakarta's light rapid transit instead. The shift of choice from monorail to a traditional rapid transit system was based on several considerations; compared to monorail, LRT has higher passenger capacity, simpler intersection and switching system, and cheaper maintenance cost.

Lines

In 2015, it was announced that the Indonesian Cabinet Secretary has endorsed the plan to build three light rail transit lines.{{cite web|url=http://sipuu.setkab.go.id/PUUdoc/174605/Perpres0982015%20Lamp.pdf |work=Indonesian Cabinet Secretary |title=The acceleration of the implementation of light rail transit in the region of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok dan Bekasi|date=2 September 2015 |access-date=2 October 2015}}{{cite web |url=http://www.kemendagri.go.id/media/documents/2015/09/08/p/e/perpres0982015.pdf |work=Indonesian Cabinet Secretary |title=The acceleration of the implementation of light rail transit in the region of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok dan Bekasi |date=2 September 2015 |access-date=2 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003184759/http://www.kemendagri.go.id/media/documents/2015/09/08/p/e/perpres0982015.pdf |archive-date=3 October 2015 |url-status=dead }} Total investment cost of this project is estimated to reach 23.8 trillion rupiah (1.8 billion US dollars).{{cite news | title = Besok, Proyek LRT Akan Dimulai | date = 8 September 2015 | newspaper = Kompas.com | url = http://bisniskeuangan.kompas.com/read/2015/09/08/173510026/Besok.Proyek.LRT.Akan.Dimulai | language = id}}

There are two service lines on the system:

{{rint|jakarta|L1}} Cibubur Line (Dukuh Atas–Harjamukti) (initially Cawang–Harjamukti){{cite book|url=http://jdih.dephub.go.id/assets/uudocs/kepmen/2019/KM_207_TAHUN_2019.pdf|title=Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan Republik Indonesia Nomor KM 207 Tahun 2019 Tentang Penetapan Trase Jalur Kereta Api Ringan atau Light Rail Transit Terintegrasi di Wilayah Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, dan Bekasi|language=id|access-date=2020-04-19|archive-date=2022-06-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617172319/http://jdih.dephub.go.id/assets/uudocs/kepmen/2019/KM_207_TAHUN_2019.pdf|url-status=dead}}
Station names: Dukuh Atas – Setiabudi – Rasuna Said – Kuningan – Pancoran – Cikoko – Ciliwung – Cawang – TMII (Taman Mini Indonesia Indah) – Kampung Rambutan – Ciracas – Harjamukti
{{rint|jakarta|L3}} Bekasi Line (Dukuh Atas–Jatimulya) (initially Cawang–Jatimulya)
Station names: Dukuh Atas – Setiabudi – Rasuna Said – Kuningan – Pancoran – Cikoko – Ciliwung – Cawang – Halim – Jatibening Baru –Cikunir 1 – Cikunir 2 – Bekasi Barat – Jatimulya

Technically there are three line segments built: Dukuh Atas–Cawang, Cawang–Harjamukti, and Cawang–Jatimulya, however the service only consist of two lines, with Dukuh Atas–Cawang segment shared between the two.

The construction phase of extension for the planned route Grogol–Pesing–Rawa Buaya–Kamal Raya–Dadap–Soekarno–Hatta International Airport was proposed, but was not mentioned in the Presidential Regulation No. 98 of 2015 which sets the legal framework for state funding.

=Phase 1=

Phase 1 of the construction consists the entirety of Line 2 (Cawang–Bekasi Timur), part of Line 1 (Cibubur–Cawang–Baranangsiang) and Line 3 (Cawang-Dukuh Atas-Senayan). The first phase will cost 11.9 trillion rupiah (approx. USD 903.6 million). It will be {{Convert|43.3|km}} long, consisting of 18 stations.{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/09/09/jokowi-kicks-lrt-construction.html |title=Jokowi kicks off LRT construction |author=Raditya Margi |newspaper=The Jakarta Post | location=Jakarta | date=9 September 2015 | access-date=21 September 2015}}

Phase 1A (Cibubur–Cawang–Dukuh Atas): {{Cvt|24.8|km}}
Phase 1B (Cawang–Bekasi Timur): {{Cvt|18.5|km}}

Construction of Phase 1 began on 9 September 2015 and was initially predicted to be operational by early 2018, in time for the 2018 Asian Games. However, due to funding, restructuring and land acquisition issues, the project has failed to meet the deadline.

As of August 2021, construction progress had reached 86.57% (93.88% for Cibubur–Cawang, 86.87% for Cawang–Dukuh Atas and 91.58% for Cawang–Bekasi Timur).

The LRT's public free trial run, similar to the Jakarta MRT, was planned started on 12 July 2023, with commercial operations slated to begin on 17 August 2023.{{Cite web |last=Rizky |first=Martyasari |title=Beroperasi 12 Juli, Ini Dia Bocoran Tarif LRT Jabodebek |url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20230418154031-4-431057/beroperasi-12-juli-ini-dia-bocoran-tarif-lrt-jabodebek |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=CNBC Indonesia |language=id-ID}} The trial lasted until 17 July, before it was halted for a software upgrade.{{cite news |last1=Bhwana |first1=Petir Garda |title=LRT Jabodebek Halts Public Trial Run |url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1748819/lrt-jabodebek-halts-public-trial-run |access-date=25 July 2023 |work=Tempo |date=17 July 2023 |language=en}}

=Phase 2=

Phase 2 will extend Line 1 southwards, from Cibubur to Bogor Baranangsiang, and also extending from the other end from Dukuh Atas to Palmerah and Senayan. It is currently in the planning stage.{{cite web |title=Sah! LRT Jabodebek Sampai Baranangsiang, Pemkot Kaji Sistem Transportasinya |url=https://www.radarbogor.id/2019/12/26/sah-lrt-jabodebek-sampai-baranangsiang-pemkot-kaji-sistem-transportasinya/ |website=Radar Bogor |access-date=3 January 2020}}

System network

The Jabodebek LRT is expected to stretch across over {{Convert|130.4|km}}, including {{Convert|24.8|km}} for the Cibubur line (from Cibubur to Dukuh Atas), {{Convert|18.5|km}} for the Bekasi line (from Cawang to Bekasi), and {{Convert|85.9|km}} for the Extended line (from Bogor to Soekarno Hatta).

class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto; font-align:center; text-align:center; font-size:85%"
Colour and Line Name ! Phase ! Service Commencement ! Terminus ! Stations ! Length ! Depot
align="center" ! colspan="7" \|Operational
align="center" \| {{rint\|jakarta\|L1}} Cibubur Line \| 1 \| 28 August 2023 \| Cibubur Dukuh Atas \| 12 \| {{cvt\|24.8\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| Jatimulya
align="center" \| {{rint\|jakarta\|L3}} Bekasi Line \| 1 \| 28 August 2023 \| Cawang Bekasi \| 7 \| {{cvt\|18.5\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| Jatimulya
align="center" ! colspan="7" \|Planned{{cite web\|url=https://invest.jakarta.go.id/potential-projects?page=1\|title=Potential Projects\|access-date=2024-07-17 \|website=invest.jakarta.go.id\|language=en}}
align="center" \| Bogor Line \| 2 \| TBA \| Cibubur Bogor Baranangsiang \| TBA \| {{cvt\|40.0\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| TBA
align="center" \| Soekarno Hatta Line \| 2 \| TBA \| Dukuh Atas Soekarno Hatta \| TBA \| {{cvt\|45.2\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| TBA

class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto; font-align:center; text-align:center; font-size:85%"

Colour and Line Name

! Phase

! Service Commencement

! Terminus

! Stations

! Length

! Depot

align="center"

! colspan="7" |Operational

align="center"

| {{rint|jakarta|L1}} Cibubur Line

| 1

| 28 August 2023

| Cibubur
Dukuh Atas

| 12

| {{cvt|24.8|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| Jatimulya

align="center"

| {{rint|jakarta|L3}} Bekasi Line

| 1

| 28 August 2023

| Cawang
Bekasi

| 7

| {{cvt|18.5|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| Jatimulya

align="center"

! colspan="7" |Planned{{cite web|url=https://invest.jakarta.go.id/potential-projects?page=1|title=Potential Projects|access-date=2024-07-17 |website=invest.jakarta.go.id|language=en}}

align="center"

| Bogor Line

| 2

| TBA

| Cibubur
Bogor Baranangsiang

| TBA

| {{cvt|40.0|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| TBA

align="center"

| Soekarno Hatta Line

| 2

| TBA

| Dukuh Atas
Soekarno Hatta

| TBA

| {{cvt|45.2|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| TBA

Ridership

File:Crowds at Dukuh Atas LRT Station.jpg

The system carried 6,475 passengers on its opening day, 96,426 passengers within four days of opening,{{cite news |title=Jumlah Penumpang LRT Jabodebek Terus Meningkat dari Hari ke Hari|url=https://kereta.republika.co.id/posts/234972/jumlah-penumpang-lrt-jabodebek-terus-meningkat-dari-hari-ke-hari |access-date=3 September 2023 |work=Republika |date=1 September 2023 |language=id}} and over 620,000 passengers by 13 September.{{cite news |title=LRT Jabodebek tambah jumlah perjalanan mulai 16 September |url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3728277/lrt-jabodebek-tambah-jumlah-perjalanan-mulai-16-september |access-date=16 September 2023 |work=Antara News |date=15 September 2023 |language=id}} The Indonesian Ministry of Transport set a target of 120,000 daily passengers in the short term, and 500,000 within the medium term.{{cite news |title=Kemenhub Yakin Target 120 Ribu Penumpang LRT Jabodebek per Hari Tercapai |url=https://kumparan.com/kumparanbisnis/kemenhub-yakin-target-120-ribu-penumpang-lrt-jabodebek-per-hari-tercapai-216wb37mIkQ/2 |access-date=3 September 2023 |work=Kumparan |date=3 September 2023 |language=id-ID}} On 16 September, the amount of daily trips was increased from 158 to 202, with extended operating hours. However, ridership keeps declining to 34,382 in mid-October due to the end of promotional fare of Rp 5,000 and decreased trips due to the maintenance process for 15 of the 31 available trainsets.{{cite news |last1=Yuliani |first1=Putri Anisa |title=Jumlah Penumpang LRT Jabodebek Menurun Imbas Pembatalan 28 Perjalanan |url=https://www.metrotvnews.com/read/bmRCerAm-jumlah-penumpang-lrt-jabodebek-menurun-imbas-pembatalan-28-perjalanan |access-date=25 October 2023 |publisher=metrotvnews.com |date=23 October 2023 |language=id}}

Greater Jakarta LRT gets more readership in 2024 despite it has already applied normal tariff. During working days it has 45,287 people readership per day and during weekend its readership is 29,592 people per day. Greater Jakarta LRT has already carried more than 10 million passengers despite the system is not yet reaching one year with some problems during early operation that has limited the trains operation.[https://money.kompas.com/read/2024/05/09/110100126/penumpang-lrt-jabodebek-tembus-10-juta-tertinggi-pada-april-2024?page=all]

In July 2024, Greater Jakarta LRT monthly readership made a new record and recorded as the biggest readership since its operation at more than 2 million passengers within just a month.[https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20240802073332-92-1128299/rekor-penumpang-lrt-jabodebek-tembus-2-juta-pada-juli]

Incidents

A collision of two set of trains occurred during testing phase on 25 October 2021 between Harjamukti station and Ciracas station. Neither train was occupied with passengers.{{cite news|title= LRT Jabodebek Tabrakan, Masinis Alami Luka Ringan|date=25 October 2013|url=https://money.kompas.com/read/2021/10/25/172452126/lrt-jabodebek-tabrakan-masinis-alami-luka-ringan|language=Indonesian| access-date=26 October 2021|work=Kompas.com}} As a result, the two trainsets involved in the collision were badly damaged, and the driver who was driving the train suffered minor injuries.{{Cite web |last=Media |first=Kompas Cyber |date=2021-10-25 |title=LRT Jabodebek Tabrakan, Masinis Alami Luka Ringan |url=https://money.kompas.com/read/2021/10/25/172452126/lrt-jabodebek-tabrakan-masinis-alami-luka-ringan |access-date=2022-03-02 |website=KOMPAS.com |language=id}}{{Cite web |date=2021-10-25 |title=Beredar Video LRT Jabodebek Kecelakaan di Kawasan Munjul, Jakarta Timur |url=https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20211025/98/1457989/beredar-video-lrt-jabodebek-kecelakaan-di-kawasan-munjul-jakarta-timur |access-date=2022-03-02 |website=Bisnis.com |language=id}} The NTSC said that the cause of this incident was human error due to the engineer playing with a cellphone.{{Cite web |last=Sandi |first=Ferry |title=Fakta-Fakta LRT Jabodebek Tabrakan Gegara Teknisi 'Main' HP |url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20211220163254-4-300660/fakta-fakta-lrt-jabodebek-tabrakan-gegara-teknisi-main-hp |access-date=2022-03-02 |website=CNBC Indonesia |language=id-ID}}
On 30 August 2023, the system's third day of operations, several losses of power caused passengers to be trapped inside stopped trains with no air conditioning.{{cite news |title=Baru Tiga Hari Beroperasi, LRT Jabodebek Mati Listrik Hingga Berhenti Tiba-Tiba |url=https://ekonomi.republika.co.id/berita/s06s74490/baru-tiga-hari-beroperasi-lrt-jabodebek-mati-listrik-hingga-berhenti-tibatiba |access-date=30 August 2023 |work=Republika |date=30 August 2023 |language=id}}

Notes

References

External links

Adhi Karya:[http://www.adhi.co.id/en/news/list/pengumuman-amdal# Jakarta LRT environmental impact assessment] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160618081836/http://www.adhi.co.id/en/news/list/pengumuman-amdal |date=2016-06-18 }} {{in lang|id}}
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=735&v=gWhO5ENXh98 Jakarta LRT Progress video per May 2018]

Category:Kereta Api Indonesia

Category:Rapid transit in Indonesia

Category:Rail transport in Jakarta

Category:Transport in West Java

Category:Proposed rail infrastructure in Indonesia

Category:Light rail in Indonesia

Category:Standard-gauge railways in Indonesia

Category:Railway lines opened in 2023