Joel Netshitenzhe
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Joel Netshitenzhe
| native_name =
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| office = Head of Government Communication and Information System
| alongside3 =
| deputy3 =
| governor3 =
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| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1956|12|21}}
| citizenship = South African
| party = African National Congress
| occupation = {{flatlist|
- Politician
- strategist
- anti-apartheid activist}}
| education =
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| birth_place = Sibasa, Northern Transvaal
Union of South Africa
| alma_mater = School of Oriental and African Studies
| predecessor = Office established
| successor = Themba Maseko
| president = Nelson Mandela
Thabo Mbeki
| termstart = 1998
| termend = 2006
}}
Joel Netshitenzhe (born 21 December 1956) is a South African politician and strategist, known for his policy and communications work for the African National Congress (ANC). He served as head of communications under President Nelson Mandela (1994); head of Government Communication and Information System (1998–2006); and head of the policy unit in the Presidency (2001–2009) under Presidents Thabo Mbeki and Jacob Zuma, though he was viewed as a particularly close ally of Mbeki's. A former anti-apartheid activist, Netshitenzhe was a member of the ANC National Executive Committee between 1991 and 2022, and he was a member of the ANC's delegation to the negotiations that ended apartheid.
Early life and career
Netshitenzhe was born on 21 December 1956{{Cite web |last=Constitution Hill |date=2022 |title=Joel Netshitenzhe |url=https://ourconstitution.constitutionhill.org.za/joel-netshitenzhe/ |access-date=15 November 2022 |website=Our Constitution}} in Sibasa, Northern Transvaal, a village in what became the bantustan of Venda and, after the end of apartheid, became the Limpopo province.{{Cite web |last=Haffajee |first=Ferial |author-link=Ferial Haffajee |date=1998-03-13 |title=The sultans of spin |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1998-03-13-the-sultans-of-spin/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}} He attended medical school at the University of Natal, but dropped out at age twenty to join the African National Congress (ANC) in exile. He received military training (with Umkhonto weSizwe) in Angola until 1978, and then, remaining in exile, worked as a journalist at the ANC's Radio Freedom.{{Cite web |date=2003-10-20 |title=The Black Pope of Consensus Politics |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2003-10-20-the-black-pope-of-consensus-politics/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}} He went on to edit the organisation's official journal, Mayibuye, under his nom de guerre, Peter Mayibuye. In 1984, he received a diploma in Political Science from the Institute of Social Sciences in Moscow;{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Joel Netshitenzhe |url=https://www.mandela.ac.za/Leadership-and-Governance/Honorary-Doctorates/Joel-Netshitenzhe-2021 |access-date=16 November 2022 |publisher=Nelson Mandela University}} he later earned a postgraduate diploma in economics (1996) and an MSc in financial economics (1999), both from London's School of Oriental and African Studies.
From 1983, Netshitenzhe was a member of the ANC's Political HQ (and later of its successor body, the Internal Political Committee), the arm of the ANC National Executive Committee with responsibility for the political aspects of the anti-apartheid struggle inside South Africa.{{Cite book |last=African National Congress |title=Further Submissions and Responses by the African National Congress to Questions Raised by the Commission for Truth and Reconciliation |publisher=Department of Justice |year=1997 |location=Pretoria |chapter=Appendix: ANC Structures and Personnel |author-link=African National Congress |chapter-url=https://www.justice.gov.za/trc/hrvtrans/submit/anc2.htm#Appendix%201}} By 1985, he was also a member of the broader Politico-Military Council, which coordinated the military and political aspects of the struggle. At the same time, between 1984 and 1990, Netshitenzhe was head of the ANC's information and propaganda department, becoming, in Ferial Haffajee's phase, the organisation's "ultimate spin doctor". He was first elected to the National Executive Committee itself, the ANC's top leadership body, in July 1991.{{Cite web |date=1994 |title=Report of the Secretary-General |url=http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/conf/conference49/sgrep49.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080524183229/http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/conf/conference49/sgrep49.html#2 |archive-date=2008-05-24 |access-date=2021-12-04 |website=African National Congress}} By then, the National Party government of South Africa had unbanned the ANC, and Netshitenzhe returned to South Africa from exile to serve as a member of the ANC negotiating team during the negotiations to end apartheid.
Career in government
After Nelson Mandela of the ANC was elected President in South Africa's first democratic elections in 1994, Netshitenzhe became Mandela's head of communications and principal speechwriter.{{Cite web |date=1995-05-12 |title=The people behind the Mandela machine |url=https://mg.co.za/article/1995-05-12-the-people-behind-the-mandela-machine/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}} In 1998, he was appointed the inaugural chief executive officer of the Government Communication and Information System (GCIS), which was established in that year to replace the apartheid-era South African Communications Services. In later years, and concurrently, he served as the head of policy in the Presidency under President Thabo Mbeki. The policy unit which he helped set up in the Presidency became known as Policy Coordination and Advisory Services (PCAS), and Netshitenzhe was viewed as particularly influential in developing macroeconomic policy.
When Jacob Zuma replaced Mbeki as President in 2009, Netshitenzhe became Director General of PCAS, in which capacity he was responsible for formulating policy alongside Minister Trevor Manuel, who oversaw the National Planning Commission.{{Cite web |last=Rossouw |first=Mandy |author-link=Mandy Rossouw |date=2009-10-20 |title=Govt policy guru Netshitenzhe resigns |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2009-10-20-govt-policy-guru-netshitenzhe-resigns/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}} He resigned from PCAS unexpectedly in October 2009, with his resignation effective from the end of December.{{cite web |date=21 October 2009 |title=Zuma praises Netshitenzhe – full text |url=http://blogs.timeslive.co.za/hartley/2009/10/21/zuma-praises-netshitenzhe-full-text/ |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091024053756/http://blogs.timeslive.co.za/hartley/2009/10/21/zuma-praises-netshitenzhe-full-text/ |archivedate=24 October 2009 |accessdate=29 April 2010 |work=The Times}} Although the media speculated that his resignation was related to recent criticisms he had made publicly of Zuma's administration, Netshitenzhe said that it had been by mutual agreement and was related to a reorganisation of the planning units in the Presidency and cabinet.{{Cite web |last=Rossouw |first=Mandy |author-link=Mandy Rossouw |date=2009-10-23 |title=Why Mbeki's right-hand man quit |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2009-10-23-why-mbekis-righthand-man-quit/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}
In 2010, he joined Nedbank as an independent non-executive director,{{Cite web |date=2010-08-05 |title=Joel Netshitenzhe joins Nedbank |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2010-08-05-joel-netshitenzhe-joins-nedbank/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}} and was a member of the National Planning Commission between 2010 and 2015. He also served on the boards of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research and the Life Healthcare Group, was a visiting professor at the Wits School of Governance,{{Cite web |title=Our People |url=https://mistra.org.za/our-people/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Mistra |language=en-ZA}} and was executive director and vice chairperson at the Mapungubwe Institute for Strategic Reflection, a South African think tank.
Career in the ANC
During the Mandela and Mbeki presidencies, Netshitenzhe continued to advise the ANC on communications while working for the government,{{Cite web |date=2002-09-30 |title=Return of a political survivor |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2002-09-30-return-of-a-political-survivor/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}} and was viewed as one of the ANC's foremost strategists and policymakers, or, in the Mail & Guardian
However, the growing rivalry between Mbeki and Zuma was viewed as diminishing Netshitenzhe's prospects, as Zuma gained power within the ANC.{{Cite web |date=2007-12-06 |title=Key ANC figures may face cold shoulder |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2007-12-06-key-anc-figures-may-face-cold-shoulder/ |access-date=2022-11-15 |website=Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}} Ahead of the ANC's 52nd National Conference in Polokwane in 2007, Netshitenzhe accepted a nomination to stand as National Chairperson of the party,{{cite web |last=Malefane |first=Moipone |date=4 November 2007 |title=Now Netshitenzhe enters the race |url=http://www.thetimes.co.za/SpecialReports/Political/Article.aspx?id=604303 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070616041730/http://www.thetimes.co.za/SpecialReports/Political/Article.aspx?id=604303 |archive-date=16 June 2007 |accessdate=2 March 2009 |work=The Times}} but lost in a vote to Baleka Mbete, the Zuma-aligned candidate.{{cite web |title=Results for the election of ANC officials |url=http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/pr/2007/pr1219.html |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080629130037/http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/pr/2007/pr1219.html |archivedate=2008-06-29 |accessdate=2008-09-21 |website=African National Congress }} He was, however, re-elected to the ANC National Executive Committee,{{cite web |date=28 April 2010 |title=ANC heavyweight weighs in against mine nationalisation |url=http://www.miningweekly.com/article/anc-heavyweight-weighs-in-against-mine-nationalisation-2010-04-28 |accessdate=29 April 2010 |work=Mining Weekly}} and was again in 2012 and in 2017. In November 2022, ahead of the ANC's 55th National Conference, the ANC Veterans' League endorsed Netshitenzhe as a candidate for the National Chairperson post, although he had not campaigned for the position. When the conference was held, Netshitenzhe was not re-elected to the National Executive Committee; newly elected ANC Secretary-General Fikile Mbalula said that he viewed Netshitenzhe's exclusion as "a big problem".{{Cite web |last=Sadike |first=Mashudu |date=22 December 2022 |title=Scores of senior ANC leaders including Pravin Gordhan, Derek Hanekom, Joel Netshitenzhe, Tito Mboweni booted out |url=https://www.iol.co.za/pretoria-news/news/scores-of-senior-anc-leaders-including-pravin-gordhan-derek-hanekom-joel-netshitenzhe-tito-mboweni-booted-out-a26742bb-476e-47ce-890e-23e93115ce69 |access-date=2023-01-05 |website=IOL |language=en}}
References
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Category:People from Thulamela Local Municipality
Category:South African Venda people
Category:African National Congress politicians