Juno (film)#Cast
{{Short description|2007 American film by Jason Reitman}}
{{other uses|Juno (disambiguation)}}
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{{Good article}}
{{Use American English|date = October 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Juno
| image = Junoposter2007.png
| alt =
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = Jason Reitman
| producer = {{Plainlist|
- Lianne Halfon
- John Malkovich
- Mason Novick
- Russell Smith
}}
| writer = Diablo Cody
| starring = {{plainlist|
- Elliot Page{{efn|name=Elliot|Credited as Ellen Page}}
- Michael Cera
- Jennifer Garner
- Jason Bateman
- Allison Janney
- J. K. Simmons
}}
| music = Mateo Messina
| cinematography = Eric Steelberg
| editing = Dana E. Glauberman
| studio = {{ubl|Mandate Pictures|Mr. Mudd}}
| distributor = Fox Searchlight Pictures
| released = {{Film date|2007|09|01|Telluride|2007|12|05|United States}}
| runtime = 96 minutes
| country = United States{{cite web |url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&Movie=55179 |publisher=American Film Institute |title=Juno |access-date=October 16, 2016}}
| language = English
| budget = $6.5–$7.5 million
}}
Juno is a 2007 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film directed by Jason Reitman and written by Diablo Cody. Elliot Page{{efn|name=Elliot}} stars as the title character, an independent-minded teenager confronting her unplanned pregnancy and the subsequent events that put pressures of adult life onto her. Michael Cera, Jennifer Garner, Jason Bateman, Allison Janney and J. K. Simmons also star. Filming spanned from early February to March 2007 in Vancouver, British Columbia. It premiered on September 8 at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival, receiving a standing ovation.
Juno won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and earned three other nominations for Best Picture, Best Director for Reitman, and Best Actress for 20-year old Page (who was presenting as female at the time, and is the sixth-youngest nominee in the category). The film's soundtrack, featuring several songs performed by Kimya Dawson in various guises, was the first chart-topping soundtrack since 2006's Dreamgirls and Fox Searchlight's first number-one soundtrack. Juno earned back its initial budget of $6.5 million in twenty days, the first nineteen of which were when the film was in limited release. It went on to earn $232.3 million worldwide. Juno received acclaim from critics, many of whom placed the film on their top-ten lists for the year. It has received criticism and praise from members of both the anti-abortion and abortion rights communities regarding its treatment of abortion.
Plot
In Elk River, Minnesota, 16-year-old high-schooler Juno MacGuff discovers she is pregnant after sleeping with her friend and longtime admirer Paulie Bleeker. Originally intending to get an abortion, Juno visits a local women's clinic and encounters a schoolmate outside, who is holding a one-person anti-abortion vigil. Once inside, Juno finds herself unable to go through with the procedure and decides to give the baby up for adoption. With the help of her friend Leah, Juno searches the ads in the Pennysaver and finds a childless married couple she feels will provide a suitable home. She informs her father Mac and stepmother Bren of the pregnancy and her plan and they offer Juno their support. With Mac, Juno meets the couple, Mark and Vanessa Loring, in their expensive Saint Cloud home, and agrees to a closed adoption.
Mark works at home composing commercial jingles, having abandoned his rock band youth, which is now confined to memorabilia displayed in a single room of the house that Vanessa has designated for his personal belongings. Juno learns that she and Mark share tastes in punk rock and horror films, and starts visiting him frequently to hang out. One day, Juno and Leah run into Vanessa at the mall, where they watch her interact with children, looking completely content and in her element. Juno encourages Vanessa to talk to the baby in Juno's womb, which kicks for Vanessa.
As the pregnancy progresses, Juno struggles with her feelings for Paulie, whom she has maintained an outwardly indifferent attitude towards, but jealously confronts after learning he has asked another girl to the upcoming prom. Paulie reminds Juno that she requested they remain distant, and tells her she broke his heart.
Shortly before her due date, Juno visits Mark again. Their interaction becomes emotional, culminating in Mark confiding that he plans on leaving Vanessa to figure his life out. Distraught by this, Juno implores him to change his mind. Mark questions her feelings for him and the intent behind her regular visits, revealing he is starting to develop an attraction to her. When Vanessa arrives home, Mark admits that he does not feel ready to be a father. Juno drives away and breaks down in tears by the side of the road. She then returns to the Lorings' home and leaves a note on the front porch.
After a heartfelt discussion with her father, Juno accepts that she is in love with Paulie. She confesses her feelings to him, and they share a kiss. Not long after, Juno goes into labor and is rushed to the hospital, where she gives birth to a baby boy. Despite having deliberately not told Paulie because of his track meet, he deduces that she is giving birth anyways after seeing her missing from the stands and rushes to the hospital, where he comforts her as she cries.
Vanessa comes to the hospital and joyfully claims the newborn boy as a single adoptive mother. On the wall in the baby's new nursery, Vanessa has framed Juno's note, which reads: "Vanessa: If you're still in, I'm still in. —Juno." The film ends in the summertime with Juno and Paulie, now in a happy relationship, playing guitar and singing together.
Cast
- Elliot Page{{efn|name=Elliot}} as Juno MacGuff, pregnant teenager and Paulie's girlfriend
- Michael Cera as Paulie Bleeker, the father of Juno's child and Juno's boyfriend
- Jennifer Garner as Vanessa Loring, Mark's wife and the prospective adoptive mother of Juno's child
- Jason Bateman as Mark Loring, Vanessa's husband and the prospective adoptive father of Juno's child
- Allison Janney as Bren MacGuff, Juno's stepmother
- J. K. Simmons as Mac MacGuff, Juno's father
- Olivia Thirlby as Leah, Juno's friend
- Rainn Wilson as Rollo, convenience store clerk
- Valerie Tian as Su-Chin, anti-abortion protester
- Emily Perkins as punk abortion clinic receptionist
- Ashley Whillans as Katrina De Voort
Themes
{{quote box
| quote = You can look at it as a film that celebrates life and celebrates childbirth, or you can look at it as a film about a liberated young girl who makes a choice to continue being liberated. Or you can look at it as some kind of twisted love story, you know, a meditation on maturity.
| source = —Diablo Cody
| width = 30em
| align = right
}}
Along with Knocked Up and Waitress, two other 2007 films about women facing unplanned pregnancies, Juno was interpreted by some critics as having an anti-abortion theme. Ann Hulbert of Slate magazine believed that Juno "[undercut] both pro-life and pro-choice purism."{{cite magazine |url=http://www.slate.com/id/2180275 |title=Juno and the Culture Wars |access-date=April 5, 2008 |author=Hulbert, Ann |date=December 18, 2007 |magazine=Slate}} Jeff Dawson of The Sunday Times believed that the film was inevitably placed in the "unwanted pregnancy subgenre" with Knocked Up and Waitress due to its subject matter but thought that its interpretation as an anti-abortion film only "muddied the waters". Hadley Freeman of The Guardian criticized Juno for "complet[ing] a hat-trick of American comedies in the past 12 months that present abortion as unreasonable, or even unthinkable—a telling social sign", though she noted, "I don't believe any of these films is consciously designed to be anti-abortion propaganda."{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/jan/28/healthandwellbeing.film |title=A choice that films ignore |access-date=April 5, 2008 |author=Freeman, Hadley |date=January 28, 2008 |newspaper=The Guardian |author-link=Hadley Freeman}} A. O. Scott, writing for The New York Times, agreed that Juno has "an underlying theme, a message that is not anti-abortion but rather pro-adulthood".{{cite news |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/2007/12/05/movies/05juno.html |title=Seeking Mr. and Mrs. Right for a Baby on the Way |access-date=April 5, 2008 |author=Scott, A. O. |date=December 5, 2007 |newspaper=The New York Times |author-link=A. O. Scott}} Page commented, "What I get most frustrated at is when people call it a pro-life movie, which is just absurd ... The most important thing is the choice is there, and the film completely demonstrates that."{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/298588 |title=Juno star has a mind of her own |access-date=April 5, 2008 |author=Howell, Peter |date=January 30, 2008 |newspaper=Toronto Star}} Cody and Page have openly stated that they are in favor of abortion rights;{{cite web |url=https://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=39821 |title=The Inimitable Ellen Page on Juno |access-date=April 5, 2008 |author=Douglas, Edward |date=December 3, 2007 |publisher=ComingSoon.net |archive-date=April 3, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403095405/http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=39821 |url-status=dead }} Reitman thought that it was "fantastic" that anti-abortion and abortion rights groups were embracing the film.{{cite web |url=https://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=39765 |title=Jason Reitman Tackles Teen Pregnancy in Juno |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Douglas, Edward |date=December 7, 2007 |publisher=ComingSoon.net |archive-date=April 11, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411035106/http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=39765 |url-status=dead }} He said that "Juno seems to be a mirror, and people [on both sides] see themselves in it."{{cite magazine |url=https://ew.com/article/2008/01/18/juno-has-moviegoers-talking/ |title='Juno' Has Moviegoers Bringing Up Babies |access-date=May 17, 2008 |author=Sperling, Nicole |date=January 18, 2008 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |archive-date=February 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208053437/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20172306,00.html |url-status=live }}
Other critics labeled Juno as feminist because of its portrayal of Juno as a confident and intelligent teenage girl. Wesley Morris of The Boston Globe concluded "Juno serves cool, intelligent girls something they rarely see in a movie: themselves."{{cite news |url=https://www.boston.com/ae/movies/oscars/articles/2008/02/23/juno_reaches_an_underserved_audience_cool_smart_teen_girls/ |title='Juno' lets smart girls identify with its glib but sweet spin on a teen's life-altering decision |access-date=April 5, 2008 |author=Morris, Wesley |date=February 24, 2008 |newspaper=The Boston Globe |author-link=Wesley Morris}} Cody said about writing the film, "Women are clever, women are funny, women are sharp, and I wanted to show that these girls were human and not the stereotypical teenage girls that we often see in the media"{{cite web |url=http://www.tcs.cam.ac.uk/issue/film/labour-day-behind-the-scenes-on-juno/ |title=Labour Day: Behind the scenes on Juno |access-date=April 5, 2008 |author=Dibdin, Emma |date=February 7, 2008 |publisher=The Cambridge Student |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120427012752/http://www.tcs.cam.ac.uk/issue/film/labour-day-behind-the-scenes-on-juno/ |archive-date=April 27, 2012 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}} and "There was a lack of authentic teen girl characters ... I saw writing this screenplay as an opportunity to create an iconic female."{{cite magazine |url=https://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20007870_20164475_20175163,00.html |title='Juno': Inside Oscar's 100 Million Dollar Baby |access-date=April 5, 2008 |author=Spines, Christine |date=December 5, 2007 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |archive-date=May 28, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528063432/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20007870_20164475_20175163,00.html |url-status=dead }} Page praised the film for its positive depiction of teenage girls, describing Juno's character as "really refreshing and allow[ing] for new possibilities in what young women can be" and "honest but original, completely devoid of stereotype", while also highlighting that "Girls haven't had that sort of character before. [They] don't have [their] Catcher in the Rye." Page criticized the media perception of the Juno character as a "strong woman", arguing that if Juno were a male character, the "strength" of the character would not be considered remarkable.{{cite web |url=http://www.ellenpage.org/press/index.php?printer=254 |title=Ellen Page Talks Juno Soundtrack, Kimya Dawson |access-date=April 5, 2008 |author=Maher, Dave |date=November 21, 2007 |work=Pitchfork Media |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726024654/http://www.ellenpage.org/press/index.php?printer=254 |archive-date=July 26, 2011 |url-status=dead}} Reitman was interested in the personal/political conflict for Vanessa's character: "Feminism has paved the way for Vanessa's career, but ultimately Vanessa wants to be a full time mother."{{cite web |last=Levy |first=Emanuel |title=Juno's Jason Reitman |url=http://emanuellevy.com/interviews/junos-jason-reitman-7/ |date=October 25, 2007}}
Production
=Development=
File:Diablo Cody2.jpg wrote the film based on many of her own high school experiences.]]
Diablo Cody was first approached to write a screenplay by film producer Mason Novick, who had previously landed her a book deal for her memoir, Candy Girl: A Year in the Life of an Unlikely Stripper, after discovering her blog about stripping.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20155516_20155530_20157948,00.html |title=Diablo Cody: From Ex-Stripper to A-Lister |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Valby, Karen |date=November 2, 2007 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |archive-date=May 17, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517055615/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20155516_20155530_20157948,00.html |url-status=dead }} He persuaded her to adapt the book for the screen, but suggested that she first write a screenwriting sample to show studios; that sample became Juno. After deciding on an adoption storyline, Cody collected the stories of adoptees, birth parents and adoptive parents, including that of her then-husband, an adoptee who reunited with his birth parents after she wrote the film.{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/arts/film/juno.html |title=Whoa, baby |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Giese, Rachel |date=December 10, 2007 |publisher=CBC News}} She also found inspiration in the story of a close friend who had become pregnant in high school and used some details from her friend's experience in the film, such as mistreatment from an ultrasound technician.{{cite web |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/film/article3199604.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205053307/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/film/article3199604.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 5, 2008 |title=Diablo Cody, lap dancer turned ace screenwriter |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Dawson, Jeff |date=January 20, 2008 |work=The Sunday Times |location=London}}{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/in-depth/bfilmb-racy-blogger-gains-oscars-buzz-with-pregnant-teen-film/2008/01/04/1198950056223.html |title=From saucy to sweet |access-date=April 16, 2008 |agency=Associated Press |date=January 5, 2008 |newspaper=The Age}} Much of Juno, however, was based on Cody's own high school experiences: She dated a tic-tac-loving boy similar to Paulie,{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/movies/news/articles/1576431/story.jhtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217070449/http://www.mtv.com/movies/news/articles/1576431/story.jhtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 17, 2007 |title='Juno' Cast, Director Credit Diablo Cody's Screenplay For Flick's Early Buzz |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Carroll, Larry |date=December 13, 2007 |publisher=MTV News}} she was best friends with a cheerleader like Leah, and she used a hamburger phone identical to the one that appears in the film. After writing the screenplay over seven weeks in the Starbucks section of a Target store in Crystal, Minnesota,{{cite web |url=http://www.kare11.com/news/news_article.aspx?storyid=500280 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130127135432/http://www.kare11.com/news/news_article.aspx?storyid=500280 |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 27, 2013 |title=Diablo Cody's Minnesota connections |access-date=July 17, 2010 |author=Klein, Janel |date=February 25, 2008 |publisher=kare11.com}} Cody compared writing to breathing, seeing Juno as an extension of herself.{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/starsandstories/3670875/Diablo-CodyI-feel-more-naked-writing-than-I-did-as-a-stripper.html |title=Diablo Cody:'I feel more naked writing than I did as a stripper' |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Hiscock, John |date=February 2, 2008 |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph}}
Novick sent Cody's screenplay to his friend Jason Reitman; by the time Reitman had read halfway through the script, he felt that if he did not direct the film, he would regret it for the rest of his life. Initially, Reitman found it difficult to acquire the script, because his first film, Thank You for Smoking, had not been released yet, so he did not have any feature film credits.{{cite web |url=http://www.movieweb.com/news/NEvGTzyBz0QCzz |title=EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW: Director Jason Reitman Talks Juno |access-date=April 16, 2008 |date=December 28, 2007 |publisher=MovieWeb.com |archive-date=February 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220072234/https://movieweb.com/exclusive-director-jason-reitman-talks-juno/ |url-status=dead }} Other directors, including Jon Poll,{{cite web |url=https://www.collider.com/entertainment/interviews/article.asp/aid/7006/tcid/1/pg/2 |title=Jon Poll interview – CHARLIE BARTLETT |access-date=December 5, 2008 |author=Orndorf, Brian |date=February 18, 2008 |publisher=Collider.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090415102000/http://www.collider.com/entertainment/interviews/article.asp/aid/7006/tcid/1/pg/2 |archive-date=April 15, 2009 |url-status=dead}} were considered, but Reitman was chosen and he interrupted work on his own spec script in order to direct Juno.{{cite magazine |url=https://variety.com/2008/film/markets-festivals/jason-reitman-flies-up-in-the-air-1117985689/ |title=Jason Reitman flies 'Up in the Air' |access-date=May 17, 2008 |author1=Fleming, Michael |author2=Siegel, Tatiana |date=May 14, 2008 |magazine=Variety}} Cody says she had a cynical attitude when writing Juno ("I didn't ever think this film would be produced") and, indeed, the film was delayed by financial problems.{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/juno/news/1694026/ellen_page_on_juno_the_rt_interview |title=Ellen Page on Juno: The RT Interview |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Yamato, Jen |date=December 6, 2007 |website=Rotten Tomatoes}} After its controversial nature scared off a number of major studios, John Malkovich's production company, Mr. Mudd, took on the project. It was later brought to production company Mandate Pictures by co-producer Jim Miller.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/news/e3i3ed53000aa8dfb5119910c6cb5232a75 |title=Bateman, Janney join 'Juno' family |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Sperling, Nicole |date=February 22, 2007 |magazine=The Hollywood Reporter |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204130109/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/news/e3i3ed53000aa8dfb5119910c6cb5232a75 |archive-date=December 4, 2008}}
The funding originated from the United States.{{cite news |author=Howell, Peter |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/2008/10/03/cera_proud_to_be_bramptons_mostfamous_resident.html |title=Cera proud to be Brampton's most-famous resident |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=October 3, 2008 |access-date=August 4, 2017}}
=Casting=
File:Ellen Page.jpg as Juno when he first read the script.]]
Having admired his performance in Hard Candy, Reitman cast Page in the lead role, saying that when he read the screenplay for the first time he pictured Page as Juno. Reitman visited Page on the set of a film on which he was working to offer him the role.{{cite web |url=http://www.columbusalive.com/live/contentbe/EPIC_shim.php?story=alive/2007/1220/f-reitman.html |title=To know Juno |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Starker, Melissa |date=December 20, 2007 |publisher=Columbus Alive |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813195746/http://www.columbusalive.com/live/contentbe/EPIC_shim.php?story=alive%2F2007%2F1220%2Ff-reitman.html |archive-date=August 13, 2011 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}} He also handed the script to J.K. Simmons, who had featured in his previous film, Thank You for Smoking, not telling him that he intended Simmons to play Mac. Simmons says that, after reading the script, he would have been happy to play even the high school teacher who has no speaking lines.{{cite web |url=http://www.flipsidearchive.com/junointerviews3.html |title=The Juno Interviews Part III: Allison Janney & J.K Simmons |access-date=April 27, 2014 |author1=Vaux, Rob |author2=Davis, Debbie |date=January 27, 2008 |publisher=Flipside Movie Emporium}} Other cast members Reitman had "in mind right from the start" were Olivia Thirlby—who had originally unsuccessfully auditioned for the role of Juno—and Michael Cera.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20192175_20192181_20206272,00.html |title=Olivia Thirlby: Life After 'Juno' |access-date=June 19, 2008 |author=Stack, Tim |date=June 13, 2008 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |archive-date=September 21, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921082544/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20192175_20192181_20206272,00.html |url-status=dead }} He took them with Page and Simmons to a Panavision stage in California and shot 45 pages of the script on 35mm film against a black backdrop. He presented this footage to Fox Searchlight as the initial cast.{{cite magazine |url=http://filmmakermagazine.com/news/2008/01/my-super-sweet-16-by-lisa-y-garibay/ |title=My Super Sweet 16 |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Garibay, Lisa Y. |date=January 28, 2008 |magazine=Filmmaker Magazine}} Reitman highlighted the importance of doing a screen test instead of individual auditions, saying: "This is a movie that's all about relationships and the idea of auditioning people outside of each other, one-on-one with the casting director, didn't make sense."
Jennifer Garner, who accepted a lower salary than usual to prevent the film from exceeding its budget,{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/juno-director-follows-in-dads-footsteps/ |title="Juno" Director Follows In Dad's Footsteps |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Braver, Rita |date=February 10, 2008 |work=CBS News}} was confirmed by Reitman to have signed onto the project in January 2007.{{cite web |url=http://www.vh1.com/movies/news/articles/1550061/20070116/story.jhtml |title=Movie File: 'Departed' Trilogy, Jennifer Garner, Steve Carell & More |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author1=Adler, Shawn |author2=Carroll, Larry |date=January 17, 2007 |publisher=VH1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070131132015/http://www.vh1.com/movies/news/articles/1550061/20070116/story.jhtml |archive-date=January 31, 2007}} After working with Jason Bateman on The Kingdom, Garner recommended him to Reitman when they first met; Bateman was cast as Mark, the last cast member to be signed.{{cite web |url=http://www.flipsidearchive.com/junointerviews2.html |title=The Juno Interviews Part II: Jason Bateman |access-date=April 27, 2014 |author=Vaux, Rob |date=January 27, 2008 |publisher=Flipside Movie Emporium}} Lucas McFadden, better known as Cut Chemist, a DJ and record producer, makes a cameo appearance as Juno and Paulie's chemistry teacher. McFadden was doing scoring work for Reitman when he received the Juno screenplay and asked McFadden to appear in the film;{{cite web |url=http://dallas.metromix.com/entertainment/287031 |title=Big-screen chemistry |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Palmer, Tamara |date=January 17, 2008 |publisher=Metromix |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714080554/http://dallas.metromix.com/entertainment/287031 |archive-date=July 14, 2011}} Reitman thought that it was "perfect irony" for the chemistry teacher to be played by Cut Chemist.{{cite video |people=Reitman; Jason; Cody, Diablo |date=2007 |title=Juno: Audio Commentary by Director Jason Reitman and Writer Diablo Cody |medium=DVD |publisher=20th Century Fox}}
Michael Cera stated that the film had "a lot of Canadian influence" due to the fact that he and Page were Canadian and that a lot of the other actors originated from Vancouver. Cera's comment was a response to a statement from Peter Howell of the Toronto Star: "I thought Juno was a very Canadian movie, even though it was set in the U.S."
=Filming=
Image:Eric Hamber Secondary School (2006).jpg stood in for the fictional Dancing Elk High School.]]
Shooting on a budget of US$6.5 million, Juno was filmed in and around Vancouver, British Columbia,{{cite news |url=http://www.canada.com/theprovince/news/etoday/story.html?id=4462e21d-ef83-4405-bc6a-e50cb1a578e5 |title=Plenty of fun and games on Juno set |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Schaefer, Glen |date=February 24, 2008 |newspaper=The Province |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120126065458/http://www.canada.com/theprovince/news/etoday/story.html?id=4462e21d-ef83-4405-bc6a-e50cb1a578e5 |archive-date=January 26, 2012}} standing in for Minnesota, where production was originally intended to take place.{{cite web |url=http://frozenframes.wordpress.com/2006/11/11/juno-considering-2007-minnesota-location/ |title="Juno" Considering 2007 Minnesota Location |access-date=April 16, 2008 |date=January 2, 2008 |publisher=Frozen Frames}} Although films commonly use a Canada-as-America location shift for budgetary reasons,{{cite magazine |url=http://www.slate.com/id/2136064/ |title=Northern Expenditure |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Epstein, Edward Jay |date=February 13, 2006 |magazine=Slate}} Reitman insists the choice of filming location was instead at his request. Filming locations included a house in nearby White Rock as Mark and Vanessa's home, Eric Hamber Secondary School as Dancing Elk High School,{{cite news |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/movies/2004194217_oscarlocal240.html |title=Northwest links to Oscars |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Macdonald, Moira |date=February 22, 2008 |newspaper=Seattle Times |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204172427/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/movies/2004194217_oscarlocal240.html |archive-date=December 4, 2008}} and South Surrey's Athletic Park track as Dancing Elk High School's athletics track.{{cite news |url=http://www.canada.com/reginaleaderpost/news/arts_life/story.html?k=11507&id=388a098f-854a-439f-a0c8-1c90da0eb7b0 |title=Vancouverites sharing in success of 'Juno' |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Mackie, John |date=January 29, 2008 |newspaper=Regina Leader-Post |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120126055135/http://www.canada.com/reginaleaderpost/news/arts_life/story.html?k=11507&id=388a098f-854a-439f-a0c8-1c90da0eb7b0 |archive-date=January 26, 2012}}
After minimal rehearsal,{{cite web |url=http://www.movieweb.com/news/NE3dp768DPVF66 |title=INTERVIEW: Juno's Ellen Page and Michael Cera |access-date=April 16, 2008 |date=December 6, 2007 |website=MovieWeb |archive-date=April 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414205247/http://www.movieweb.com/news/junos-ellen-page-and-michael-cera |url-status=dead }} filming took place in February and March 2007{{cite web |url=http://www.jeremywalker.com/pages/films/film_juno.htm |title=Production begins on 'Juno,' a comedy directed by Jason Reitman from a screenplay by Diablo Cody |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Walker, Jeremy |date=February 14, 2008 |publisher=JeremyWalker.com}} on a six-week schedule, of which 30 days were designated to filming. The crew was planning to import snow for the film's winter events, but it snowed on location, and they were able to reschedule filming to shoot the winter scenes during snowfall, which second assistant director Josy Capkun says resulted in much wider snow shots than originally planned. Although the film was shot out of sequence, the final scene was scheduled for the final day and, after a long period of rain, the crew was intending to shut down production and resume months later to shoot the scene, set in summer, but the rain stopped and they were able to shoot the scene in the sun. That final scene depicted Juno and Paulie singing The Moldy Peaches' "Anyone Else but You", and band member Kimya Dawson visited the set to speak to Page and Cera while they were practicing the song.
=Music=
The movie features several songs performed by Kimya Dawson as well as her bands Antsy Pants and The Moldy Peaches. According to director Jason Reitman, Page suggested The Moldy Peaches' work as fitting for Juno's character.{{Cite AV media |title=Music from the Motion Picture Juno (Liner Notes) |date=November 4, 2007 |author=Reitman, Jason}} Reitman recounts:
[He] went on my computer, played the songs, and I fell in love with it. Diablo and I discussed putting a Moldy Peaches song in it where the characters would sing to each other. I got in touch with Kimya Dawson of The Moldy Peaches and she started sending me her work, which was beautiful, and that became a lot of the soundtrack.{{cite news |title=Juno Soundtrack: Best Soundtrack of The Year? |last=Lucy |date=September 12, 2007 |work=Product-Reviews |publisher=Dansway Communications Ltd |url=http://www.product-reviews.net/2007/09/12/juno-soundtrack-best-soundtrack-of-the-year/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611134151/http://www.product-reviews.net/2007/09/12/juno-soundtrack-best-soundtrack-of-the-year/ |archive-date=June 11, 2008 |df=mdy}}
Image:Kimya.jpg provided both solo songs and songs from two of her former bands.]]
Reitman contacted Dawson, and, after reading the film's screenplay, she agreed for her songs to be used in the film, sending him a packet of CDs containing about 120 songs. The songs were almost entirely self-published by Dawson, who says she wrote nothing specifically for Juno and that all the songs had been performed and recorded before she was contacted to work on the film.{{cite web |url=https://www.slashfilm.com/2007/09/11/juno-movie-sountrack/ |title=Juno Movie Sountrack |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Sciretta, Peter |date=September 11, 2007 |publisher=/Film |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704200549/http://www.slashfilm.com/2007/09/11/juno-movie-sountrack/ |archive-date=July 4, 2008 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}} Reitman asked her to additionally re-record instrumentals, which included humming over the lyrics of some of her songs.{{cite web |url=http://rhino.edgeboss.net/download/rhino/juno/juno_audio.mp3 |title=Juno Soundtrack Interview (Podcast) |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author1=Reitman, Jason |author2=Page, Elliot |author3=Dawson, Kimya |publisher=Rhino Entertainment}} He also contacted composer Mateo Messina, with whom he had previously worked on Thank You for Smoking, to compose the film's incidental score. He gave Messina a collection of Dawson's songs and asked him to create "the sound of the film" through an instrumental score that replicated the recording quality, tone, feel and innocence of her music. Messina decided to implement an "acoustic guitar feel that was jangled and was really loose, like Juno."{{cite web |url=http://seattlest.com/2007/11/02/seattlest_inter_11.php |title=Seattlest Interview: Mateo Messina, Film and Symphony Composer |access-date=April 16, 2008 |date=November 2, 2007 |publisher=Seattlest |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212232408/http://seattlest.com/2007/11/02/seattlest_inter_11.php |archive-date=February 12, 2012 |url-status=dead}} Experimenting with different guitars, he ended up using "Stella," a second-hand guitar belonging to guitarist Billy Katz that he described as "kind of tinny, not perfectly in tune, but [it] has all kinds of character." Katz was hired to perform acoustic and classical guitar for the movie's score, using "Stella" extensively throughout.
Page also suggested Cat Power's cover of the song "Sea of Love", which Reitman was hesitant to include as it had already been featured in the 1989 film Sea of Love; however, he decided that its inclusion would mark a "new take" on the film's cinematic references. Initially, Reitman had conceived of Juno being a fan of glam rock, but rejected it as too inauthentic, and he said he wanted to construct Juno to be "into music very real and authentic", making her a fan of punk rock, including The Runaways, Patti Smith and Iggy Pop and the Stooges.{{cite web |last=Celis |first=Barbara |title=Interview: Jason Reitman (Juno) |publisher=ioncinema.com |date=December 5, 2007 |url=http://www.ioncinema.com/news/id/2364 |access-date=June 26, 2008}} He felt that the Sonic Youth cover of "Superstar" defined Juno and Mark's relationship—Juno preferring the classic 1971 version by The Carpenters while Mark preferred Sonic Youth's 1994 cover. "A Well Respected Man" by The Kinks was a song Reitman had associated with a character from another of his screenplays and says it was "heart-breaking" when he decided to include the song as an introduction for Paulie instead, despite feeling it suited the scene perfectly. He found children's songwriter Barry Louis Polisar's "All I Want Is You" after "surfing iTunes for hours on end" using different words and names as search terms and thought that the handmade quality was perfect for the opening titles, which were afterwards made to correspond to the song. The "Brunch Bowlz" jingle, Mark writes in the film, was composed by advertisement writer Chris Corley, with whom Reitman had previously worked on a set of commercials for Wal-Mart.{{cite news |title=Meep Meep |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/jason-reitman/meep-meep_b_73624.html |newspaper=Huffington Post |date=November 20, 2007}}
=Design=
The film was set out in a sequence of the year's seasons, which, Reitman said, "really resonated with me when I read it, because they mirror the three trimesters of Juno's pregnancy." Because filming took place over only 30 days, fake flora was used to give the impression of different seasons while other flora was edited in post-production. Brown leaves were composited onto a fake tree outside Juno's house and cherry blossom trees outside Leah's house were touched up in a lighter shade of pink to depict autumn; a fan was used to blow leaves around in some scenes as if the leaves were falling from trees. Fake flowers were used in front of Paulie's house at the end of the film to give the impression of summer.
Cody was impressed with the production design team's creation of the set from only a few sentences in her script, calling Juno's bedroom "a very emotional set for [me] because it reminded me so much of my own little habitat when I was a teenager."{{cite web |url=https://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=40048 |title=Juno Screenwriter Diablo Cody |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Douglas, Edward |date=December 13, 2007 |publisher=ComingSoon.net |archive-date=April 9, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409012902/http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=40048 |url-status=dead }} The walls of Juno's room are covered with posters of bands, while Leah's room includes a mural of older men she finds attractive and Paulie's room is overly childlike to indicate his innocence. Production designer Steve Saklad designed Mark and Vanessa's house with the assumption that "Vanessa has probably read every home magazine and tried to copy what's in them as best she could." Costume designer Monique Prudhomme was nominated for a Costume Designers Guild Award in the "Excellence in Contemporary Costume Design for Film" category.{{cite news |url=http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2008/01/costume-guild-n.html |title=Costume guild nominees: 'Atonement,' 'La Vie en Rose' |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=O'Neil, Tom |date=January 16, 2008 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |archive-date=February 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214171642/http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2008/01/costume-guild-n.html |url-status=dead}} She dressed Vanessa in clothes that were "simple and very tasteful" but with an "anal-retentive quality" and Mark in conservative clothing to complement Vanessa's taste. It was Page's suggestion that Juno wear flannel shirts and sweater-vests. Page also had to wear two sizes of prosthetic belly fitted like a corset in the back, a third "real" belly that is seen when Juno has an ultrasound,{{cite magazine |last1=Bennett |first1=J |date=January 2008 |title=Close-Up |magazine=Alternative Press Magazine |volume=234 |pages=74–75}} and a variety of sizes of fake breasts.{{cite magazine |url=http://www.marieclaire.co.uk/celebrity/interviews/177659/ellen-page-interview.html |title=Ellen Page interview |access-date=April 16, 2008 |author=Wharton, Kate |date=February 5, 2008 |magazine=Marie Claire |archive-date=August 30, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120830023927/http://www.marieclaire.co.uk/celebrity/interviews/177659/ellen-page-interview.html |url-status=dead }} The footage displayed on Juno's ultrasound monitor is of supervising sound designer Scott Sanders's son Matthew and was embedded into the scene in post-production.{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/55179 |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=American Film Institute |at=CREDITS}}{{Cite web |last=Gentile |first=Alex |date=2022-03-30 |title=Juno: Behind-The-Scenes Facts About The Movie |url=https://screenrant.com/juno-bts-facts/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Screen Rant |language=en}}
=Opening title sequence=
Juno
Distribution
=Theatrical release=
With a well-received preview first screened on September 1, 2007, at the Telluride Film Festival,{{cite magazine |url=https://www.variety.com/blog/1390000339/post/1290013929.html |title=Telluride abuzz with "Juno" |access-date=April 18, 2008 |author=Jones, Michael |date=September 1, 2007 |magazine=Variety}}{{cite magazine |url=http://popwatch.ew.com/popwatch/2007/09/telluride-day-4.html |title=Telluride Day 4: 'Juno,' 'Margot at the Wedding' |access-date=April 18, 2008 |author=Willman, Chris |date=September 3, 2007 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |archive-date=January 30, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080130182151/http://popwatch.ew.com/popwatch/2007/09/telluride-day-4.html |url-status=dead }} Juno premiered on September 8 at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival and received a standing ovation, which prompted film critic Roger Ebert to say "I don't know when I've heard a standing ovation so long, loud and warm."{{cite news |url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070909/FILMFESTIVALS03/70909002/-1/FILMFESTIVALS |title=Toronto #5: Great performances, strong stories |access-date=April 18, 2008 |author=Ebert, Roger |date=September 9, 2007 |newspaper=Chicago Sun-Times |author-link=Roger Ebert |archive-date=February 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130212160017/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20070909%2FFILMFESTIVALS03%2F70909002%2F-1%2FFILMFESTIVALS |url-status=dead }} It went on to feature at the Austin Film Festival, Rome Film Festival, London Film Festival, Bahamas International Film Festival, St. Louis International Film Festival, Stockholm International Film Festival, International Thessaloniki Film Festival, Gijón International Film Festival, Palm Springs International Film Festival and the International Film Festival Rotterdam, earning awards and nominations at several.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.variety.com/blog/1390000339/post/900016490.html |title="Juno" wins in Rome |access-date=April 18, 2008 |author=Morfoot, Addie |date=October 28, 2007 |magazine=Variety}}{{cite web |url=http://www.cinemastlouis.org/fest.html |title=16th Annual AT&T St. Louis International Film Festival: Festival Highlights |access-date=April 18, 2008 |date=November 22, 2007 |publisher=Cinema St Louis |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303042041/http://www.cinemastlouis.org/fest.html |archive-date=March 3, 2008}}{{cite web |url=http://www.stockholmfilmfestival.se/en/festival/2007/vinnare/ |title=Stockholm Festival Winners 2007 |access-date=April 18, 2008 |publisher=Stockholm International Film Festival |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903040315/http://www.stockholmfilmfestival.se/en/festival/2007/vinnare/ |archive-date=September 3, 2010}}{{cite web |url=http://www.psfilmfest.org/news/detail.aspx?NID=119&year=2007 |title=Juno To Receive Chairman's Vanguard Award at 19th Annual Palm Springs International Film Festival Awards Gala |access-date=April 18, 2008 |date=November 8, 2007 |publisher=Palm Springs International Film Festival |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209064622/http://www.psfilmfest.org/news/detail.aspx?NID=119&year=2007 |archive-date=December 9, 2007}}
Although Juno was originally intended to open in theaters on December 15, 2007, the opening date was moved forward to take advantage of the positive reviews preceding its release,{{cite web |url=https://www.slashfilm.com/2007/10/25/junos-due-date-sooner-than-expected/ |title=Juno's "Due Date" Sooner Than Expected |access-date=April 18, 2008 |author=Sciretta, Peter |date=October 25, 2007 |publisher=/Film |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723222033/http://www.slashfilm.com/2007/10/25/junos-due-date-sooner-than-expected/ |archive-date=July 23, 2008 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}} and opened in limited release on December 5, playing in only seven theaters in Los Angeles and New York City.{{cite magazine |url=https://variety.com/2007/film/markets-festivals/juno-jolts-specialty-box-office-1117977409/ |title='Juno' jolts specialty box office |access-date=April 18, 2008 |author=McClintock, Pamela |date=December 9, 2007 |magazine=Variety}} The film opened in an additional thirteen cities and around 25 theaters on December 14, expanding further on December 21 before entering wide release on December 25.
=Promotion=
Anthony Breznican of USA Today said in a 2008 article that Juno is one of three films that were "orchestrated to start off as word-of-mouth favorites among devoted moviegoers."Breznican, Anthony. [https://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/movieawards/oscars/2008-02-21-oscar-box-office_N.htm Box office: Modest films, niche marketing change landscape]." USA Today. February 22, 2008. Following Juno
=Home media=
The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray disc on April 15, 2008, by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. It is available in a single disc DVD edition, which includes the movie along with an audio commentary by director Reitman and writer Cody, eleven deleted scenes, a gag reel, a 'gag take' (including a profanity laden blow-up by Rainn Wilson), a "Cast & Crew Jam", and screen tests. The two-disc DVD edition includes the same extra content and four additional featurettes ("Way Beyond 'Our' Maturity Level: Juno – Leah – Bleeker", "Diablo Cody Is Totally Boss", "Jason Reitman For Shizz", and "Honest To Blog! Creating Juno"), while the second disc is a DRM-encrypted version of the film for portable players. The Blu-ray version includes all the two-disc DVD edition extras and two additional featurettes: "Fox Movie Channel Presents: Juno World Premiere" and "Fox Movie Channel Presents: Casting Session".{{cite web |url=https://www.slashfilm.com/2008/02/19/honest-to-blog-juno-is-the-most-successful-indie-in-six-years-dvd-details/ |title=Honest To Blog: Juno is the Most Successful Indie Film in Six Years; DVD Details |access-date=February 20, 2008 |publisher=SlashFilms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080508182013/http://www.slashfilm.com/2008/02/19/honest-to-blog-juno-is-the-most-successful-indie-in-six-years-dvd-details/ |archive-date=May 8, 2008 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}
Reception
=Box office performance=
In limited release and playing in only seven theaters in Los Angeles and New York City, Juno grossed $420,113 over its debut weekend, averaging $60,016 per screen. Juno earned back its initial budget of $6.5 million in twenty days, the first nineteen of which were when the film was in limited release.{{cite web |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=juno.htm |title=Juno (2007) – Daily Box Office Results |access-date=January 17, 2008 |website=Box Office Mojo}} When Juno became Fox Searchlight's first film to surpass $100 million at the box office, the company's president Peter Rice issued the statement: "This is an astonishing feat for us and the film has surpassed all our expectations. We knew this film had crossover potential and it has resonated with audiences all across the country."{{cite news |url=http://www.observer.com/2008/i-juno-i-crosses-100-million-mark-becomes-too-cool |title=Juno Crosses the $100 Million Mark, Becomes 'Too Cool' |access-date=April 6, 2008 |author=Pompeo, Joe |date=January 31, 2008 |newspaper=The New York Observer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080404143558/http://www.observer.com/2008/i-juno-i-crosses-100-million-mark-becomes-too-cool |archive-date=April 4, 2008}} The film has grossed $143,495,265 in the United States and $88,877,416 in other territories for a total worldwide gross of $232,372,681.{{cite web |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2539488769/ |title=Juno |access-date=June 7, 2023 |website=Box Office Mojo|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607000909/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2539488769/|archive-date=June 7, 2023|url-status=live}} It was also the highest-grossing of the five Best Picture nominees for the 80th Academy Awards.{{cite magazine |url=http://www.slate.com/id/2183937 |title=Hating Juno |access-date=April 6, 2008 |author=Stevens, Dana |date=February 8, 2008 |magazine=Slate}}
=Critical reaction=
Juno received highly positive reviews from critics. On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 93% approval rating from critics based on 215 reviews, with an average rating of 8.10/10. The site's consensus states, "One of the brightest, funniest comedies of the year, Juno{{'}}s smart script and direction are matched by assured performances in a coming-of-age story with a 21st-century twist",{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/juno/ |title=Juno (2007) |access-date=March 28, 2025 |website=Rotten Tomatoes}} making it the best reviewed comedy film on the website in 2007.{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/features/rtawards/?category=comedy&rank=1 |title=1—Juno |access-date=June 12, 2008 |website=Rotten Tomatoes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080602090814/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/features/rtawards/?category=comedy&rank=1 |archive-date=June 2, 2008}} On Metacritic, the film had an average score of 81 out of 100, based on 38 reviews.{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/juno |title=Juno (2007): Reviews |access-date=December 28, 2007 |website=Metacritic}} Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film four stars and called it "just about the best movie of the year. ... Has there been a better performance this year than [Elliot] Page's creation of Juno? I don't think so."{{cite news |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/juno-2007 |title=No wrong scenes, no extra scenes and characters you want to hug |access-date=August 3, 2022 |author=Ebert, Roger |date=December 13, 2007 |website=RogerEbert.com |author-link=Roger Ebert}} Ebert placed Juno at number one on his annual "best of" list. The film also ranks at number 463 in Empire magazine's 2008 list of The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time.{{cite web |url=https://www.empireonline.com/500/7.asp |title=The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time |work=empireonline.com |access-date=January 23, 2009}} Juno MacGuff also ranked number 56 on Empire's list of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time.{{cite web |url=https://www.empireonline.com/100-greatest-movie-characters/default.asp?c=56 |title=100 Greatest Movie Characters |work=empireonline.com |access-date=April 23, 2010}} Paste Magazine named it one of the 50 Best Movies of the Decade (2000–2009), ranking it at number 15.{{cite web |title=The 50 Best Movies of the Decade (2000–2009) |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/blogs/lists/2009/11/50-best-movies-of-the-decade-2000-2009.html?p=4 |work=Paste Magazine |access-date=December 14, 2011 |date=November 3, 2009 |archive-date=October 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171017223108/https://www.pastemagazine.com/blogs/lists/2009/11/50-best-movies-of-the-decade-2000-2009.html?p=4 |url-status=dead }} In June 2010, Entertainment Weekly named Juno one of the 100 Greatest Characters of the Last 20 Years.{{cite magazine |title=The 100 Greatest Characters of the Last 20 Years: Here's our full list! |url=http://popwatch.ew.com/2010/06/01/100-greatest-characters-of-last-20-years-full-list/ |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |access-date=July 7, 2012 |author=Adam B. Vary |date=June 1, 2010}}
However, not all critics share the positive view towards Juno. David Edelstein of New York magazine felt that the film was desperate to be "a movie that confers hipness on teens, that makes kids want to use the same slang and snap up the soundtrack".{{cite magazine |url=https://nymag.com/movies/reviews/41541/index1.html |title=Melodrama in Distress |access-date=June 10, 2008 |author=Edelstein, David |date=November 30, 2007 |magazine=New York |author-link=David Edelstein}} Music reviewer Jim DeRogatis criticized the film's stylized dialogue and what he saw as a casual take on abortion and Juno's naïveté in becoming pregnant, claiming: "As an unapologetically old-school feminist, the father of a soon-to-be-teenage daughter, a reporter who regularly talks to actual teens as part of his beat and a plain old moviegoer, I hated, hated, hated this movie."{{cite news |url=http://blogs.suntimes.com/music/2008/01/why_juno_is_antirock.html |title=Why "Juno" is anti-rock |access-date=June 10, 2008 |author=DeRogatis, Jim |date=January 8, 2008 |newspaper=Chicago Sun-Times |author-link=Jim DeRogatis |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821083920/http://blogs.suntimes.com/music/2008/01/why_juno_is_antirock.html |archive-date=August 21, 2010}}
=="The ''Juno'' Effect"==
In 2008, after 17 students under 16 years of age at Gloucester High School in Massachusetts became pregnant, Time magazine called it the "Juno Effect".Kingsbury, Kathleen (June 18, 2008) [https://web.archive.org/web/20080619140446/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1815845,00.html "Pregnancy Boom at Gloucester High."] Time. Time stated that some adults dismissed the statistic as an outlier while others accused films such as Juno and Knocked Up for glamorizing teenage pregnancy. Kristelle Miller, an Adolescent Psychology Professor at University of Minnesota-Duluth stated that "[t]he {{'}}Juno effect' is how media glamorizes pregnancy and how [...] pregnancy is also redemptive of any past problems".{{cite web |url=http://www.northlandsnewscenter.com/news/local/27783044.html |title=The Juno Effect |date=August 6, 2010 |work=Northland's NewsCenter |publisher=Granite Broadcasting Corporation |access-date=September 24, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929004030/http://www.northlandsnewscenter.com/news/local/27783044.html |archive-date=September 29, 2011}}
After Senator John McCain named Alaska Governor Sarah Palin as his running mate on the Republican presidential ticket, it was revealed in September 2008 that Gov. Palin's daughter, Bristol, age 17, was pregnant with the child of another teenager. News reports and editorials termed Bristol Palin's pregnancy as the latest episode in the debate over teen pregnancy of which Juno was a part,{{cite news |first=Michael |last=Kranish |title=Palin's daughter, 17, is pregnant |url=https://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2008/09/02/palins_daughter_17_is_pregnant/?p1=Well_MostPop_Emailed5 |newspaper=Boston Globe |date=September 2, 2008 |access-date=September 19, 2008}}{{cite news |title=Unplanned |url=https://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/editorial/5980101.html |newspaper=Houston Chronicle |date=September 2, 2008 |access-date=September 19, 2008}} while conservative commentators made comparisons between Bristol Palin's pregnancy and the film. Noted New Republic literary editor Leon Wieseltier, "The Republicans wanted a new conversation, and they got one. Juno in Juneau!"{{cite magazine |first=Leon |last=Wieseltier |title=Washington Diarist |url=http://www.tnr.com/article/washington-diarist-42 |magazine=New Republic |date=September 2, 2008 |access-date=September 19, 2008}} Fox News' Roger Friedman wondered, "Juno at once violated and vindicated conservative values. The question is, will the public rally 'round Bristol Palin the way it did Juno? Or will it reject her for getting in this situation in the first place?"{{cite news |first=Roger |last=Friedman |title=The 'Juno' effect strikes again |url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/the-juno-effect-strikes-again |work=Foxnews |date=September 2, 2008 |access-date=September 19, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912091718/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,414824,00.html |archive-date=September 12, 2008 |url-status=live}}
Juno actor Jason Bateman defended the film. "Unfortunately," he said, "we've had these instances where guys kill people because of what they hear in rock 'n roll lyrics or some garbage like that. Look, if you're going to blame a movie or song for your actions, whether they be good or bad, I think you're looking at the wrong things to influence your life. I think people should look to other areas of their life for lessons and guidance, mainly parents, or teachers, or friends, or whomever. That should probably be where you should point your eyes and ears."{{cite news |title=Jason Bateman Defends 'Juno' In Wake Of Massachusetts Teen Pregnancies |url=http://www.accesshollywood.com/jason-bateman-defends-juno-in-wake-of-massachusetts-teen-pregnancies_article_10054? |publisher=Access Hollywood |date=September 13, 2008 |access-date=September 19, 2008}}
Amy Benfer of Salon.com wrote in 2010 that, according to figures released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, pregnancy rates for all teenagers dropped 2 percent between 2007 and 2008, meaning that "the slight uptick in teen pregnancy rates between 2005 and 2006 were probably just an anomaly and not some heinous trend brought about by pop culture", and that if there had been such a thing as a "Juno effect", it would have caused pregnancies to go down, not up. She criticized proponents of the theory, stating that they believed that teenagers "somehow lose all ability to evaluate any nuance or context in that woman's particular situation, and instead make some sort of primitive cause-and-effect connection" and that "by talking about pregnant girls, and most of all, by daring to portray some of them as ordinary, even likable, we'd get way more babies having babies." She concluded that "depicting teen parents may not glamorize them, so much as humanize them. You know, that thing that happens when one person recognizes that someone else is a person too? So, now that we can firmly state that realistically depicting the lives of the tiny percentage of girls who do become pregnant won't necessarily contaminate the rest of them, it's time to stop worrying and ask what we can do to help."{{cite news |first=Amy |last=Benfer |title=Death to 'the "Juno" effect' |url=http://www.salon.com/life/broadsheet/2010/04/09/end_of_the_juno_effect/index.html |work=Salon |date=April 9, 2010 |access-date=March 26, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110204060508/http://www.salon.com/life/broadsheet/2010/04/09/end_of_the_juno_effect/index.html |archive-date=February 4, 2011}}
In light of Georgia's anti-abortion law, Diablo Cody said in 2019 she would not have written Juno now that people perceive it as an "anti-choice" film.{{cite news |last=Fang |first=Marina |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/diablo-cody-juno-abortion_n_5cdd9ab6e4b09648227cc2e2 |title=Diablo Cody Says She Wouldn't Have Written 'Juno' In Today's 'Hellish Alternate Reality' |work=The Huffington Post |date=2019-05-16 |access-date=2019-05-31}} In 2022, she said, "Back in 2008, I got a letter from some administrator at my Catholic high school thanking me for writing a movie that was in line with the school's values. And I was like: 'What have I done?' My objective as an artist is to be a traitor to that culture, not to uplift it," but also, "I have no regrets about writing the movie. I do think it's important that I continue to clarify my feelings about it because the last thing I would ever want is for someone to interpret the movie as anti-choice. That is a huge paranoia of mine. I've never really thought about revisiting the film — it kind of feels like something that should stay preserved in amber. But I would rather have this account be out there than {{sic|hide=y|[my]}} silence being misinterpreted".{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=Evan Nicole |title=Diablo Cody Meditates on 'Juno' and Its Critics 15 Years Later: 'I Am Emphatically Pro-Choice' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/juno-movie-15-years-later-diablo-cody-roe-1235178240/ |website=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=22 April 2023 |date=15 July 2022}}
=Top ten lists=
The film appeared on critics' top ten lists of the best films of 2007:
{{col-begin}}
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- 1st – Roger Ebert, Chicago Sun-Times{{cite web |url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071220/COMMENTARY/176124809 |title=The year's ten best films and other shenanigans |access-date=January 5, 2008 |author=Roger Ebert |date=December 20, 2007 |work=Chicago Sun-Times |archive-date=December 24, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224083858/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20071220%2FCOMMENTARY%2F176124809 |url-status=dead }}
- 1st – Paste magazine staff{{cite magazine |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2007/11/signs-of-life-2007-best-films.html |title=Signs of Life 2007: Best Films |magazine=Paste |access-date=June 12, 2008 |date=November 28, 2007 |archive-date=October 4, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004205503/http://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2007/11/signs-of-life-2007-best-films.html |url-status=dead }}
- 2nd – USCCB Office for Film and Broadcasting (tied with Bella){{cite web |url=http://www.usccb.org/movies/topten/topten2007.shtml |title=Ten Best List for the Year 2007 |publisher=USCCB |access-date=October 20, 2008 |archive-date=August 8, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808200501/http://www.usccb.org/movies/topten/topten2007.shtml |url-status=dead }}
- 3rd – David Germain, Associated Press{{cite web |url=http://www.columbiatribune.com/2007/Dec/20071227Go!013.asp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080103000750/http://www.columbiatribune.com/2007/Dec/20071227Go!013.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 3, 2008 |title='No Country for Old Men' earns nod from AP critics |access-date=December 31, 2007 |author=Germain, David |author2=Lemire, Christy |date=December 27, 2007 |publisher=Columbia Daily Tribune}}
- 3rd – Moviefone staff{{cite web |url=http://blog.moviefone.com/2007/12/20/best-movies-of-2007/ |title=The 50 Best Movies of 2007 (and the 10 Worst) |access-date=December 28, 2008 |date=December 20, 2007 |publisher=Moviefone |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010061435/http://blog.moviefone.com/2007/12/20/best-movies-of-2007 |archive-date=October 10, 2012 |url-status=dead}}
- 4th – James Berardinelli, ReelViews{{cite web |url=http://preview.reelviews.net/movies/SPECIAL/2007list.html |title=List: 2007 Films, Descending Order by Rating |author=Berardinelli, James |work=ReelViews.net |access-date=February 22, 2008 |author-link=James Berardinelli}}
- 4th – Richard Roeper, Chicago Sun-Times{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficepsychics.com/2007/12/29/richard-roepers-10-best-films-of-2007/ |title=Richard Roeper's 10 Best Films of 2007 |access-date=January 6, 2008 |date=December 29, 2007 |publisher=BoxOfficePsychics.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604045950/http://www.boxofficepsychics.com/2007/12/29/richard-roepers-10-best-films-of-2007/ |archive-date=June 4, 2008 |url-status=dead}}
- 6th – Claudia Puig, USA Today{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/film/awards/2007/toptens.shtml |title=Metacritic: 2007 Film Critic Top Ten Lists |access-date=January 5, 2008 |website=Metacritic |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080102102034/http://www.metacritic.com/film/awards/2007/toptens.shtml |archive-date=January 2, 2008}}
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- 6th – Desson Thomson, The Washington Post
- 6th – Joe Morgenstern, The Wall Street Journal
- 6th – Liam Lacey and Rick Groen, The Globe and Mail
- 6th – Marc Savlov, The Austin Chronicle
- 7th – Corina Chocano, Los Angeles Times
- 7th – Carrie Rickey, The Philadelphia Inquirer
- 10th – A. O. Scott, The New York Times (tied with Knocked Up and Superbad)
- 10th – Peter Travers, Rolling Stone (tied with Knocked Up){{cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/17686508/peter_travers_best_and_worst_movies_of_2007/10 |title=Peter Travers' Best and Worst Movies of 2007 |access-date=June 12, 2008 |author=Travers, Peter |magazine=Rolling Stone |date=December 27, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080619041450/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/17686508/peter_travers_best_and_worst_movies_of_2007/10 |archive-date=June 19, 2008 |url-status=dead |author-link=Peter Travers}}
- 10th – Stephen Holden, The New York Times
{{col-end}}
=Accolades=
{{main|List of accolades received by Juno{{!}}List of accolades received by Juno}}
Juno received nominations at the 80th Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director for Reitman, Best Actress for Page, and won Best Original Screenplay for Cody.{{cite news |title=The 80th (2008) Academy Awards |url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2008 |access-date=December 22, 2015 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004725/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2008 |url-status=live}}
Reitman expressed disappointment that Juno was ruled ineligible for the Genie Award nominations:
{{blockquote|text=It's a Canadian director, Canadian stars, Canadian cast, Canadian crew, shot in Canada—how are we not eligible for a Genie when David Cronenberg's film [Eastern Promises] about Russians living in London shot in England with a British crew and British cast is eligible? I'm sorry, but somebody is going to have to explain that to me.{{cite web |title=Genies deem 'Juno' not Canadian enough |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/genies-deem-juno-not-canadian-105956 |date=February 29, 2008 |work=The Hollywood Reporter}}}}
Sara Morton, the head of the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television, issued a statement explaining that the film had never been submitted for Genie Award consideration by its studio.{{cite news |last=Andrews |first=Marke |title=No Genie nominations for Vancouver's Juno |newspaper=The Vancouver Sun |date=February 29, 2008 |url=http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/business/story.html?id=fd0f69cc-a564-413f-9535-d25f0546d1c2 |access-date=April 11, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502023357/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/business/story.html?id=fd0f69cc-a564-413f-9535-d25f0546d1c2 |archive-date=May 2, 2008}} The Hollywood Reporter explained that Genie rules define Canadian films as financed at least in part by Canadian sources, and because American companies Mandate Pictures and Fox Searchlight were the sole funders, Juno was ineligible. Nonetheless, Genie spokesman Chris McDowall said that while the film was not evaluated for eligibility since it was not submitted, "Financing is one of the criteria, but it's not everything." Despite this, the film was eligible for the 2008 Canadian Comedy Awards, receiving two wins from three nominations.{{cite web |title=Our 2008 Canadian Comedy Award recipients |url=http://www.canadiancomedy.ca/awardwinners.php?year=2008 |access-date=December 22, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018204942/http://www.canadiancomedy.ca/awardwinners.php?year=2008 |archive-date=October 18, 2015}}{{cite web |title=Nominees announced |url=http://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=77e1e7df-63b2-4c17-b397-779feb141699&sponsor= |publisher=Canada.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304215244/http://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=77e1e7df-63b2-4c17-b397-779feb141699&sponsor= |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |date=June 4, 2008 |url-status=dead}}
Soundtrack
{{See also|Juno (soundtrack)}}
Juno
Rhino announced in March 2008 that Juno B-Sides: Almost Adopted Songs would be available through digital-only release, a second volume of songs that were considered for but not included in the film. The fifteen tracks include songs by previously featured artists Kimya Dawson, Barry Louis Polisar, Belle & Sebastian and Buddy Holly, as well as Astrud Gilberto, The Bristols, Jr. James & The Late Guitar, Trio Los Panchos, Yo La Tengo and Page singing "Zub Zub", written by Diablo Cody as part of the script in a deleted scene.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2008/04/rhino-to-release-juno-bsides-exclusively-on-itunes.html |title=Rhino to release Juno B-Sides exclusively on iTunes |access-date=April 30, 2008 |author=Hansen, Christina |date=April 1, 2008 |magazine=Paste |archive-date=June 6, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080606074420/https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2008/04/rhino-to-release-juno-bsides-exclusively-on-itunes.html |url-status=dead }} Rhino also released a Deluxe Edition, on November 25, 2008, containing both the original soundtrack as well as B-Sides in a two-disc set, along with storyboards from the film and additional liner notes from Reitman.{{cite web |url=http://www.thespacelab.tv/spaceLAB/2008/11November/MusicNews-31-Juno.htm |title=Juno Proved Grand Movies Require Grander Soundtracks |access-date=November 29, 2008 |author=Mannering, Christy |date=November 23, 2008 |publisher=TheSpaceLab.tv |archive-date=February 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214061219/http://www.thespacelab.tv/spaceLAB/2008/11November/MusicNews-31-Juno.htm |url-status=dead }}
= Track listing =
- "All I Want is You" – Barry Louis Polisar
- "My Rollercoaster" – Kimya Dawson
- "A Well Respected Man" – The Kinks
- "Dearest" – Buddy Holly
- "Up the Spout" – Mateo Messina
- "Tire Swing" – Kimya Dawson
- "Piazza, New York Catcher" – Belle and Sebastian
- "Loose Lips" – Kimya Dawson
- "Superstar" – Sonic Youth
- "Sleep" – Kimya Dawson
- "Expectations" – Belle and Sebastian
- "All the Young Dudes" – Mott the Hoople
- "So Nice So Smart" – Kimya Dawson
- "Sea of Love" – Cat Power
- "Tree Hugger" – Kimya Dawson and Antsy Pants
- "I'm Sticking with You" – The Velvet Underground
- "Anyone Else But You" – The Moldy Peaches
- "Vampire" – Antsy Pants
- "Anyone Else But You" – Michael Cera and Elliot Page{{cite web |website=AllMusic |year=2008 |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/juno-mw0000581825 |title=Juno – Original Soundtrack |author=Stephen Thomas Erlewine}}
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{Commons}}
{{wikiquote}}
- {{IMDb title|0467406|Juno}}
- {{rotten-tomatoes|juno|Juno}}
- {{Mojo title|juno}}
{{Diablo Cody}}
{{Jason Reitman}}
{{Navboxes
|title= Awards for Juno
|list=
{{Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Comedy Film}}
{{Independent Spirit Award for Best Film}}
{{Satellite Award Best Motion Picture}}
{{Teen Choice Award Choice Movie Comedy}}
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