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List of Hawaiian monarchs#Styles

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{{hatnote|The Monarchy of Hawaii is the direct successor to the monarchies of Hawaiʻi, Oʻahu, Maui, Kauaʻi and Molokaʻi. For those, see Aliʻi nui of Hawaii, Aliʻi nui of Oahu, Aliʻi nui of Maui, Aliʻi nui of Kauai and Aliʻi nui of Molokai.}}

{{See also|List of Hawaiian consorts}}

{{use American English|date=July 2015}}

{{use mdy dates|date=July 2015}}

{{Infobox monarchy

| royal_title = Monarchy

| realm = Hawaiʻi

| native_name =

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| coatofarms = Royal Coat of Arms of Hawaii.svg

| coatofarms_size =

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| coatofarms_article =

| coatofarmscaption = Royal Coat of Arms (1845)

| type =

| style = See below

| image = Photo of Kamehameha III (PP-97-7-003).jpg

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| alt =

| caption = Longest reigning
Kamehameha III
June 6, 1825 – December 15, 1854

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| heir_apparent =

| heir_presumptive =

| first_monarch = Kamehameha I

| last_monarch = Liliʻuokalani

| formation = 1795

| abolition = 1893 (de facto)
1895 (de jure)

| residence = ʻIolani Palace (1845–1893)

| appointer =

| pretender =

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| website =

}}

Kamehameha I established the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1795 after conquering most of the Hawaiian Islands. In 1810, Kaumualiʻi became a vassal of Kamehameha I, who therefore emerged as the sole sovereign of the island chain of Hawaiʻi. His dynasty lasted until 1872, and his Kingdom lasted until 1893, when Queen Liliʻuokalani, of the Kalākaua dynasty, was deposed by pro-United States businessmen who led the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. The monarchy was officially ended on January 24, 1895, when Liliʻuokalani formally abdicated in response to an attempt to restore the royal government. On November 23, 1993, the Congress passed Public Law 103-150, also known as the Apology Resolution, acknowledging the American role in the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy. President Bill Clinton signed the joint resolution the same day.

Hawaiian Monarchs (1795–1893)

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{{Nobility table header}}

|width=auto| Kamehameha I
Spring, 1795 – May 8, 1819

| 120px

| c. 1758
Moʻokini Heiau, Kohala, Hawaiʻi island
son of Keōua and Kekuʻiapoiwa

| various

| May 8, 1819
Kamakahonu, Kailua-Kona, Kona, Hawaiʻi island
aged 61?

|-

|width=auto| Kamehameha II
May 20, 1819 – July 14, 1824

| 120px

| November 1797
Hilo, Hawaiʻi island
son of Kamehameha I and Keōpūolani

| (1) Kamāmalu
(2) Kīnaʻu
(3) Kekāuluohi
(4) Kalanipauahi
(5) Kekauʻōnohi
(6) Kekaihaʻakūlou

| July 14, 1824
Caledonian Hotel, London, England
aged 27

|-

|width=auto| Kamehameha III
June 6, 1825 – December 15, 1854

| 120px

| August 11, 1813
Keauhou Bay, North Kona, Hawaiʻi island
son of Kamehameha I and Keōpūolani

| Kalama
Honolulu, Oʻahu
14 February 1837
two sons

| December 15, 1854
Honolulu, Oʻahu
aged 41

|-

|width=auto| Kamehameha IV
January 11, 1855 – November 30, 1863

| 120px

| February 9, 1834
Honolulu, Oʻahu
biological son of Kekūanaōʻa and Kīnaʻu and hānai son of Kamehameha III and Kalama

| Emma Rooke
Kawaiahaʻo Church, Honolulu, Oʻahu
19 June 1856
one son

| November 30, 1863
Honolulu, Oʻahu
aged 29

|-

|width=auto| Kamehameha V
November 30, 1863 – December 11, 1872

| 120px

| December 11, 1830
Honolulu, Oʻahu
biological son of Kekūanaōʻa and Kīnaʻu and hānai son of Nāhiʻenaʻena (later) Hoapili and Kaheiheimālie

| Never married

| December 11, 1872
ʻIolani Palace, Honolulu, Oʻahu
aged 42

|-

|width=auto| Lunalilo
January 8, 1873 – February 3, 1874

| 120px

| January 31, 1835
Pohukaina, Honolulu, Oʻahu
son of Kanaʻina and Kekāuluohi

| Never married

| February 3, 1874
Haimoeipo, Honolulu, Oʻahu
aged 39

|-

|width=auto| Kalākaua
February 12, 1874 – January 20, 1891

| 120px

| November 16, 1836
Honolulu, Oʻahu
biological son of Kapaʻakea and Keohokālole and hānai son of Kinimaka and Haʻaheo Kaniu

| Kapiʻolani
Honolulu, Oʻahu
December 19, 1863

| January 20, 1891
Palace Hotel, San Francisco, California, United States
aged 54

|-

|width=auto| Liliʻuokalani
January 29, 1891 – January 17, 1893

| 120px

| September 2, 1838
Honolulu, Oʻahu
biological daughter of Kapaʻakea and Keohokālole and hānai daughter of Pākī and Kōnia

| John Owen Dominis
ʻAikupika, Haleakala Estate, Honolulu, Oʻahu
September 16, 1862

| November 11, 1917
Washington Place, Honolulu, Oʻahu
aged 79

|-

|}

Styles

class="wikitable"

!Period

!Style

!Used by

1795–1852

|{{Langx|haw|Aliʻi Nui}}
{{Langx|en|High Chief{{cite book|author=Roger S. Gottlieb|title=This Sacred Earth: Religion, Nature, Environment|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6lJsBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA126|date=7 November 2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-91539-0|pages=126–}}{{cite web |url=http://wehewehe.org/gsdl2.85/cgi-bin/hdict?a=q&r=1&hs=1&m=-1&o=-1&e=d-11000-00---off-0hdict--00-1----0-10-0---0---0direct-10-ED--4-------0-1lpm--11-haw-Zz-1---Zz-1-home-nui--00-3-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-00-0utfZz-8-00&q=alii&j=pm&af=1&fqf=ED|title=Hawaiian Dictionaries |author=Mary Māmaka Kaiao Kuleana kope |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |access-date=2014-10-05}}
Meaning: Originally meaning "Great Chief" of a single island{{cite book|author=e. Craighill Handy|title=Ancient Hawaiian Civilization: A Series of Lectures Delivered at THE KAMEHAMEHA SCHOOLS|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PoXQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT33|date=15 December 1989|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-0438-9|pages=33–34}}{{cite book|author=Margaret Jolly|title=Family and Gender in the Pacific: Domestic Contradictions and the Colonial Impact|url=https://archive.org/details/familygenderinpa0000joll|url-access=registration|year=1989|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-34667-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/familygenderinpa0000joll/page/50 50]–}} (not the same as a European king)}}

|Kamehameha I
Kamehameha II
Kamehameha III

1852–1887

|{{Langx|haw|Aliʻi o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻĀina}}
{{Langx|en|Monarch of the Hawaiian Islands}}

|Kamehameha III
Kamehameha IV
Kamehameha V
Lunalilo
Kalākaua

1863–1887

|{{Langx|haw|Ma ka Lokomaikaʻi o ke Akua, Ke Aliʻi o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻAina}}
{{Langx|en|By the grace of God, the Monarch of the Hawaiian Island}}

|Kamehameha IV
Kamehameha V
Lunalilo
Kalākaua
Liliʻuokalani

1887–1891

|{{Langx|haw|Ma ka Lokomaikaʻi o ke Akua, Mōʻī o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻĀina}}
{{Langx|en|By the grace of God, King of the Hawaiian Islands}}

|Kalākaua

1891–1893

|{{Langx|haw|Ma ka Lokomaikaʻi o ke Akua, Mōʻī Wahine o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻĀina}}
{{Langx|en|By the grace of God, Queen of the Hawaiian Islands}}

|Liliʻuokalani

Timeline

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from: 01/01/1800 till: 08/05/1819 color:re text:"Kamehameha I" fontsize:10

from: 20/05/1819 till: 14/07/1824 color:re text:"Kamehameha II" fontsize:10

from: 06/06/1825 till: 15/12/1854 color:re text:"Kamehameha III" fontsize:10

from: 11/01/1855 till: 30/11/1863 color:re text:"Kamehameha IV" fontsize:10

from: 30/11/1863 till: 11/12/1872 color:re text:"Kamehameha V" fontsize:10

from: 08/01/1873 till: 03/02/1874 color:re text:"Lunalilo" fontsize:10

from: 12/02/1874 till: 20/01/1891 color:pre text:"Kalākaua" fontsize:10

from: 29/01/1891 till: 17/01/1893 color:pre text:"Liliʻuokalani" fontsize:10

}}

See also

{{portal|Biography|Hawaii|Politics}}

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References

{{reflist|30em}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book|last=Alexander|first=William DeWitt|author-link=William DeWitt Alexander|chapter=Appendix H: Sovereigns of the Hawaiian Islands|title=A Brief History of the Hawaiian People|url=https://archive.org/details/abriefhistoryha00alexgoog|year=1891|publisher=American Book Company|location=New York|oclc=187412143|page=[https://archive.org/details/abriefhistoryha00alexgoog/page/n403 331]}}
  • {{cite book |last= Cartwright |first=Bruce |chapter= Note on Hawaiian Genealogies |title=Thirty-eighth annual report of the Hawaiian Historical Society for the year 1929 |publisher= Hawaiian Historical Society |year= 1930 |pages=45–47 |hdl=10524/33 }}
  • {{cite book|last=Kamakau|first=Samuel|author-link=Samuel Kamakau|title=Ruling Chiefs of Hawaii|url=http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?c=chiefs&l=en|edition=Revised|year=1992|orig-year=1961|publisher=Kamehameha Schools Press|location=Honolulu|isbn=0-87336-014-1|oclc=25008795}}
  • {{cite book|last=Kuykendall|first=Ralph Simpson|author-link=Ralph Simpson Kuykendall|title=The Hawaiian Kingdom 1778–1854, Foundation and Transformation|url=http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?c=kingdom1&l=en|volume=1|year=1965|orig-year=1938|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|location=Honolulu|isbn=0-87022-431-X|oclc=47008868}}
  • {{cite book|last=Kuykendall|first=Ralph Simpson|author-link=Ralph Simpson Kuykendall|title=The Hawaiian Kingdom 1854–1874, Twenty Critical Years|url=http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?c=kingdom2&l=en|volume=2|year=1953|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|location=Honolulu|isbn=978-0-87022-432-4|oclc=47010821}}
  • {{cite book|last=Kuykendall|first=Ralph Simpson|author-link=Ralph Simpson Kuykendall|title=The Hawaiian Kingdom 1874–1893, The Kalakaua Dynasty|url=http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?c=kingdom3&l=en|volume=3|year=1967|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|location=Honolulu|isbn=978-0-87022-433-1|oclc=500374815}}
  • {{cite book|last=Osorio|first=Jon Kamakawiwoʻole|title=Dismembering Lāhui: A History of the Hawaiian Nation to 1887|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5k6W_6QOFgC|location=Honolulu|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|year=2002|isbn=0-8248-2549-7|oclc=48579247|author-link=Jonathan Kamakawiwo'ole Osorio}}
  • {{cite book|last=Taylor|first=Albert Pierce|author-link=Albert Pierce Taylor|title=Under Hawaiian Skies: A Narrative of the Romance, Adventure and History of the Hawaiian Islands|url=https://archive.org/details/underhawaiiansk00taylgoog|year=1922|publisher=Advertiser Publishing Company, Ltd|location=Honolulu|oclc=479709|page=[https://archive.org/details/underhawaiiansk00taylgoog/page/n11 399]}}

External links

  • [http://www.hawaiiankingdom.org/national-headsofstate.shtml Hawaiian Head of State]
  • [http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/Timelines/Schools/kingdom.htm Kingdom of Hawaii]

{{Hawaii Monarchs}}

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Hawaii

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Monarchs