List of Soviet computer systems

The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means "electronic computing machine" ({{langx|ru|link=no|электронная вычислительная машина}}).

File:Agat-9 Black.jpg-9]]

Computer systems from the Ministry of Radio Technology:{{cite journal|last1=Judy|first1=Richard W.|last2=Clough|first2=Robert W.|title=Soviet Computers in the 1980s: A Review of the Hardware|journal=Advances in Computers|date=1989|volume=29|pages=251–330|doi=10.1016/S0065-2458(08)60535-5|isbn=9780120121298}}

• Agat (Агат) — Apple II clone
• ES EVM (ЕС ЭВМ), IBM mainframe clone
• ES PEVM (ЕС ПЭВМ), IBM PC compatible
• M series — series of mainframes and mini-computers
• Minsk (Минск)
• Poisk (Поиск) — IBM PC-XT clone
• Setun (Сетунь) — unique balanced ternary computer.
• Strela (Стрела)
• Ural (Урал) — mainframe series
• Vector-06C (Вектор-06Ц)

File:ИСКРА 1030.11.jpg]]

Computer systems from the Ministry of Instrument Making:

• Aragats (Арагац)
• Iskra (Искра) — common name for many computers with different architecture
• Iskra-1030 — Intel 8086 XT clone
• KVM-1 (КВМ-1)
• SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ) — most models were PDP-11 clones, while some others were HP 2100, VAX or Intel compatible

Computer systems from the Ministry of Electronics Industry:

• Elektronika (Электроника) family
• DVK family (ДВК) — PDP-11 clones
• Elektronika BK-0010 (БК-0010, БК-0011) — LSI-11 clone home computer
• UKNC (УКНЦ) — educational, PDP11-like
• Elektronika 60, Elektronika 100
• Elektronika 85 — Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 350 (F11)
• Elektronika 85.1 — Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 380 (J11)
• Elektronika D3-28
• Elektronika SS BIS (Электроника СС БИС) — Cray clone

File:Bestix.jpg running Bestix]]

• BESM (БЭСМ) — series of mainframes
• Besta (Беста) — Unix box, Motorola 68020-based, Sun-3 clone
• Elbrus (Эльбрус) — high-end mainframe series
• Kronos (Кронос)
• MESM (МЭСМ) — first Soviet Union computer (1950)
• M-1 — one of the earliest stored program computers (1950–1951)

File:ХОББИТ БК-0-31.JPG]]

• ATM Turbo
• Byte
• Blic
• Dubna 48K – running at half the speed of the original
• Hobbit
• Pentagon
• Radon 'Z'
• Scorpion

• 5E** (5Э**) series – military computers
• 5E51 (5Э51)
• 5E53 (5Э53)
• 5E76 (5Э76) – IBM/360 clone, military version
• 5E92 (5Э92)
• 5E92b (5Э92б)
• A series — ES EVM-compatible military computers
• Argon — a series of military real-time computers
• AS-6 (АС-6) – multiprocessor computing complex, name is Russian abbreviation for "Connection Equipment – 6"
• Dnepr (Днепр)
• GVS-100 (ГВС-100, Гибридная Вичислителная Система) – Hybrid Computer System
• Irisha (Ириша)
• Juku (Юку) — Estonian school computer
• Kiev (Киев)
• Korvet (Корвет)
• Krista (Криста)
• Micro-80 (Микро-80) — experimental PC, based on 8080-compatible processor
• Microsha (Микроша) — modification of Radio-86RK
• MIR, МИР (:uk:ЕОМ "МИР-1", :uk:ЕОМ "МИР-2")
• Nairi (Наири)
• Orion-128 (Орион-128)
• Promin (Проминь)
• PS-2000, PS-3000 – multiprocessor supercomputers in the 1980s
• Razdan (Раздан)
• Radon — real-time computer, designed for anti-aircraft defense
• Radio-86RK — simplified and modified version of Micro-80
• Sneg{{cite web|url=http://www.computer-museum.ru/histussr/vesna.htm|title=Электронные вычислительные машины "Весна" и "Снег".|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901041711/http://www.computer-museum.ru/histussr/vesna.htm|archivedate=2006-09-01}} (Снег)
• Specialist (Специалист)
• SVS
• TsUM-1 (ЦУМ-1)
• TIA-MC-1 An arcade system
• UM (УМ)
• UT-88
• Vesna and Sneg — early mainframes

• For Kronos
• Kronos{{cite web|url=http://code.google.com/p/kronos|title=Google Code Archive – Long-term storage for Google Code Project Hosting.|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100828085610/http://code.google.com/p/kronos/|archivedate=2010-08-28}}
• For BESM
• D-68 (Д-68, Диспетчер-68, Dispatcher-68)
• DISPAK ("Диспетчер Пакетов," Dispatcher of the Packets)
• DUBNA ("ДУБНА")
• For ES EVM
• DOS/ES ("Disk Operation system for ES EVM")
• OS/ES ("Disk Operation system for ES EVM")
• For SM EVM
• RAFOS (РАФОС), FOBOS (ФОБОС) and FODOS (ФОДОС) — RT-11 clones
• OSRV (ОСРВ) — RSX-11M clone, one of the most popular Soviet multi-user systems
• DEMOS — BSD-based Unix-like; later was ported to x86 and some other architectures
• INMOS (ИНМОС, Инструментальная мобильная операционная система)
• For 8-bit microcomputers
• MicroDOS (МикроДОС) — CP/M 2.2 clone
• For ZX Spectrum clones
• iS-DOS, TASiS
• DNA-OS
• For different platforms
• MISS (Multipurpose Interactive timeSharing System) – ES EVM ES1010, ES EVM ES1045, D3-28M, PC-compatible, etc.
• MOS (operating system) – a Soviet clone of Unix in the 1980s

{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}

• History of computing in the Soviet Union
• List of Soviet microprocessors
• List of Russian IT developers
• List of Russian microprocessors
• Internet in Russia

{{Reflist}}

• [http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/ Russian Virtual Computer Museum]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20041216203725/http://www.bashedu.ru/konkurs/tarhov/ Museum of the USSR Computers history]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110509155115/http://www.sigcis.org/?q=node%2F85%2F Pioneers of Soviet Computing]
• [http://archive.pdp-11.org.ru/ Archive software and documentation for Soviet computers UK-NC, DVK and BK0010.]
• {{commonscat-inline|Soviet computer systems}}

{{List of Soviet computer systems}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Soviet computer systems}}

Category:Computing-related lists