List of United Kingdom by-elections (2010–present)#2019–present Parliament

{{Short description|List of most recent by-elections to the British House of Commons}}

This is a list of parliamentary by-elections in the United Kingdom since 2010, with the names of the incumbent and victor and their respective parties. Where seats changed political party at the election, the result is highlighted: blue for a Conservative gain, red for a Labour gain, orange for a Liberal Democrat gain, purple for a UKIP gain and other colours for any other gains.

{{As of|2025|05}}, a total of 60 by-elections have been held in this period. The first was held in January 2011 and the most recent in May 2025.

Process of resignation from the House of Commons

{{main|Resignation from the House of Commons of the United Kingdom}}

Where the cause of by-election is given as "resignation" or "seeks re-election", this indicates that the incumbent was appointed on his or her own request to an "office of profit under the Crown", either the Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds or the Steward of the Manor of Northstead. Accepting an office of profit under the Crown vacates the member's seat.{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Chiltern Hundreds |volume= 06 |short=x}} This process is used because members of the House of Commons are not technically permitted to resign. A member who vacates their seat in this manner may stand for re-election.

Recall petition

A recall petition is created by advice of the Speaker of the House of Commons if an MP is suspended from the House for at least 10 sitting days, usually a result of a criminal conviction or breaking Commons Select Committee on Standards conventions. A petition is successful if at least 10 per cent of the constituency's electorate sign the petition. Successful petitions result in the MP vacating the seat, triggering a by-election.

As of March 2024, six petitions have been held under the Act, four resulting in by-elections and one being terminated early due to the MP's resignation.

By-elections

=2024–present Parliament=

class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| By-election	scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| Date	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Incumbent	scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Winner	scope="col" style="width: 25px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 550px;" \| Cause
bgcolor = b8e9f1 \|Runcorn and Helsby \| 1 May 2025 \| Mike Amesbury \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Amesbury was an independent at the time he resigned from Parliament. He was elected for Labour in 2017 until he was suspended from the party in October 2024.}} \| Sarah Pochin \| {{Party name with colour\|Reform UK}} \| Resigned after suspension from Parliament and being liable to a recall petition after a conviction for assault{{cite news \|title=Mike Amesbury to stand down as MP over assault conviction \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c62z9ell358o \|access-date=10 March 2025}}

class="wikitable"

! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | By-election

scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Date

scope="col" style="width: 120px;" | Incumbent

scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 | Party

scope="col" style="width: 120px;" | Winner

scope="col" style="width: 25px;" colspan=2 | Party

scope="col" style="width: 550px;" | Cause

bgcolor = b8e9f1

|Runcorn and Helsby

| 1 May 2025

| Mike Amesbury

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}{{efn|Amesbury was an independent at the time he resigned from Parliament. He was elected for Labour in 2017 until he was suspended from the party in October 2024.}}

| Sarah Pochin

| {{Party name with colour|Reform UK}}

| Resigned after suspension from Parliament and being liable to a recall petition after a conviction for assault{{cite news |title=Mike Amesbury to stand down as MP over assault conviction |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c62z9ell358o |access-date=10 March 2025}}

=2019–2024 Parliament=

There were twenty-three by-elections in the 2019–2024 Parliament, the most by-elections in one parliament since the 1987–1992 Parliament, which had 24. Fourteen by-elections occurred in constituencies previously represented by the governing Conservatives, seven in constituencies represented by Labour, and two in constituencies represented by the SNP. The incumbent MP's party won nine by-elections, including one at Southend West, in which the other major parties did not field candidates. Labour won thirteen by-elections, gaining seven seats from the Conservatives and one from the SNP, but losing one each to the Conservatives and the Workers Party of Britain. The Liberal Democrats gained four seats from the Conservatives, while the Conservatives gained one from Labour. Five by-elections happened due to the deaths of the incumbent MPs, three of whom represented the Conservatives and two Labour.

class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| By-election	scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| Date	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Incumbent	scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Winner	scope="col" style="width: 25px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 550px;" \| Cause
bgcolor = pink \|Blackpool South{{efn\|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.\|name=yes}} \| 2 May 2024{{cite web \|url=https://www.blackpool.gov.uk/Your-Council/Voting-and-elections/Elections/By-election-Blackpool-South/Notice-of-Election.aspx \|title=Parliamentary by-election Blackpool South \|website=Blackpool Council \|access-date=27 March 2024}} \| Scott Benton \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Benton was elected as a Conservative in 2019 until he was suspended from the party in April 2023.}} \| Chris Webb \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Resigned after being suspended from Parliament for five weeks and being subject to a recall petition for breaching lobbying rules{{cite news \|title=Former Tory MP resigns leaving PM to face new by-election \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-68658896 \|access-date=25 March 2024}}
bgcolor = #C999A6 \|Rochdale{{efn\|Gain not retained at the subsequent general election.\|name=no}} \| 29 February 2024 \| Tony Lloyd \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| George Galloway \| {{Party name with colour\|Workers Party of Britain}} \| Death (leukaemia).{{cite news\|title= Sir Tony Lloyd, Labour MP for Rochdale, dies aged 73\|url=https://news.sky.com/story/sir-tony-lloyd-labour-mp-for-rochdale-dies-aged-73-13046240\|access-date=17 January 2024}}
bgcolor = pink \|Kingswood{{efn\|name=yes}} \| 15 February 2024 \| Chris Skidmore \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Skidmore was an independent at the time he resigned from Parliament. He was first elected as a Conservative in 2010 but resigned from the party in January 2024.}} \| Damien Egan \|{{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Resignation in protest of the Conservative government's bill to grant new oil and gas licences.{{cite news \|title=Chris Skidmore: Tory MP quits over new oil and gas licences \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-67895246 \|access-date=6 January 2024}}
bgcolor = pink \|Wellingborough{{efn\|name=yes}} \| 15 February 2024 \| Peter Bone \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Bone was an independent at the time he was removed from his seat in Parliament. He was elected as a Conservative in 2005 and served as a Conservative MP until he was suspended from the party in October 2023.}} \| Gen Kitchen \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Successful recall petition after allegations of bullying and sexual misconduct.{{cite news \|last=Nevett \|first=Joshua \|title=Peter Bone MP loses seat as recall petition triggers by-election \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-67767890 \|access-date=19 December 2023 \|work=BBC News \|date=19 December 2023}}
bgcolor = pink \|Tamworth{{efn\|name=yes}} \| 19 October 2023{{cite web \|title=Elections 2023 \|url=https://www.tamworth.gov.uk/elections-2023 \|website=Tamworth Borough Council \|access-date=13 September 2023 \|quote=UK Parliamentary By-Election – Thursday 19 October 2023}} \| Chris Pincher \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Pincher was elected as a Conservative in 2010 but was an independent at the time he resigned. He served as a Conservative MP until he was suspended from the party in July 2022.}} \| Sarah Edwards \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Resigned after losing his appeal to his suspension due to groping allegations.{{cite news \|date=7 September 2023 \|title=Tory MP Chris Pincher resigns after suspension from Commons over groping allegations \|publisher=Sky News \|url=https://news.sky.com/story/tory-mp-chris-pincher-resigns-after-suspension-from-commons-over-groping-allegations-12956582 \|accessdate=7 September 2023}}
bgcolor=pink \|Mid Bedfordshire{{efn\|name=no}} \| 19 October 2023 \| Nadine Dorries \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \| Alistair Strathern \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Resigned after being omitted from Boris Johnson's resignation honours list.
bgcolor="pink" lan \|Rutherglen and Hamilton West{{efn\|name=yes}} \| 5 October 2023 \| Margaret Ferrier \| {{Party name with colour\|Scottish National Party}}{{efn\|Ferrier was an independent at the time she was removed from her seat in Parliament. She was suspended from the SNP in October 2020.}} \| Michael Shanks \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Recall petition after breaking COVID-19 rules in 2020.{{cite news \|date=1 August 2023 \|title=Margaret Ferrier: Covid breach MP loses seat after recall petition \|publisher=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-66376464 \|accessdate=1 August 2023}}
bgcolor=ffcc66 \|Somerton and Frome{{efn\|name=yes}} \| 20 July 2023 \| David Warburton \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Warburton was elected as a Conservative in 2015 but was an independent at the time he resigned.}} \| Sarah Dyke \| {{Party name with colour\|Liberal Democrats (UK)}} \| Resigned 14 months after suspension from the Conservative Party pending an investigation.
bgcolor=pink \|Selby and Ainsty{{efn\|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.\|name=yes}} \| 20 July 2023 \| Nigel Adams \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \| Keir Mather \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Resigned after being omitted from Boris Johnson's resignation honours list.{{cite web \|date=12 June 2023 \|title=Manor of Northstead \|url=https://news.sky.com/story/boris-johnson-ally-nigel-adams-to-stand-down-as-mp-with-immediate-effect-triggering-third-by-election-12899994 \|work=Gov.UK}}{{cite news \|date=12 June 2023 \|title=Manor of Northstead \|language=en \|work=GOV.UK \|publisher=HM Treasury \|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/manor-of-northstead--13 \|access-date=12 June 2023 \|ref=Yes}}
Uxbridge and South Ruislip{{efn\|Hold not retained at the subsequent general election.\|name=hold-no}} \| 20 July 2023 \| Boris Johnson \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \| Steve Tuckwell \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \| Resigned after a parliamentary investigation found evidence he misled Parliament over Partygate and he failed to act on warnings about Chris Pincher. This led a parliamentary committee to recommend suspending him from the House for 20 days.{{cite web \|date=9 June 2023 \|title=Boris Johnson: I've been forced out over Partygate report \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-65863267 \|work=BBC News}}{{cite news \|date=12 June 2023 \|title=Three Hundreds of Chiltern \|language=en \|work=GOV.UK \|publisher=HM Treasury \|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/three-hundreds-of-chiltern--16 \|access-date=12 June 2023 \|ref=Yes}}
West Lancashire{{efn\|Hold retained at the subsequent general election.\|name=hold-yes}} \| 9 February 2023 \| Rosie Cooper \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Ashley Dalton \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK) }} \| Resigned to be chair of Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust.{{cite web \|date=20 September 2022 \|title=Rosie Cooper: Labour MP victim of murder plot quits for NHS role \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lancashire-62968372 \|work=BBC News}}{{cite news \|date=1 December 2022 \|title=Three Hundreds of Chiltern \|language=en \|work=GOV.UK \|publisher=HM Treasury \|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/three-hundreds-of-chiltern--15 \|access-date=3 December 2022 \|ref=Yes}}
Stretford and Urmston{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \| 15 December 2022 \| Kate Green \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Andrew Western \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK) }} \| Resigned to be deputy mayor of Greater Manchester.{{cite web \|date=9 November 2022 \|title=Labour face by-election as MP to quit to become Greater Manchester deputy mayor \|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/labour-face-election-test-mp-28447421 \|website=Daily Mirror}}
City of Chester{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \| 1 December 2022 \| Chris Matheson \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK) }} \| Samantha Dixon \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK) }} \| Resigned after suspension for serious sexual misconduct.{{cite web \|date=21 October 2022 \|title=Labour MP Christian Matheson stands down over sexual misconduct \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-63344752 \|work=BBC News}}
bgcolor="ffcc66" \|Tiverton and Honiton{{efn\|name=yes\|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}} \| 23 June 2022 \| Neil Parish \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Parish was elected as a Conservative in 2010 but was an independent at the time he resigned.}} \| Richard Foord \| {{Party name with colour\|Liberal Democrats (UK)}} \| Resigned after being accused of watching pornography twice in the House of Commons.{{cite news \|date=30 April 2022 \|title=Neil Parish MP: I'm resigning after porn 'moment of madness' \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-61284686 \|url-status=live \|access-date=30 April 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430120508/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-61284686 \|archive-date=30 April 2022}}
bgcolor="pink" \|Wakefield{{efn\|name=yes\|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}} \| 23 June 2022 \| Imran Ahmad Khan \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Ahmad Khan was elected as a Conservative in 2019 but was an independent at the time he resigned. He was suspended from the party in June 2021 and expelled in April 2022.{{cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/jun/18/tory-mp-faces-trial-over-alleged-2008-assault-on-15-year-old-boy\|work=The Guardian\|title=Tory MP faces trial over alleged 2008 assault on 15-year-old boy\|access-date=18 April 2022\|date=18 June 2021\|archive-date=19 April 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419062523/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/jun/18/tory-mp-faces-trial-over-alleged-2008-assault-on-15-year-old-boy\|url-status=live}}{{cite news \|title=Imran Ahmad Khan expelled from Conservative party \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/apr/11/imran-ahmad-khan-expelled-from-conservative-party \|access-date=18 April 2022 \|work=The Guardian \|date=11 April 2022 \|archive-date=17 April 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417161419/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/apr/11/imran-ahmad-khan-expelled-from-conservative-party \|url-status=live }}}} \| Simon Lightwood \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \| Resigned after conviction of sexually assaulting a 15-year-old boy.{{cite news \|date=14 April 2022 \|title=Khan to quit as MP after sexual assault conviction \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-61113265 \|url-status=live \|access-date=14 April 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414161637/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-61113265 \|archive-date=14 April 2022}}
Birmingham Erdington{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \| 3 March 2022{{cite news\|work=BBC News\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-60201681\|title=Jack Dromey: Funeral held for veteran Erdington MP\|date=31 January 2022\|access-date=31 January 2022\|archive-date=31 January 2022\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220131142214/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-60201681\|url-status=live}} \| Jack Dromey \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Paulette Hamilton \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Death (heart failure).{{cite news \|last=Wheeler \|first=Richard \|date=3 February 2022 \|title=Harriet Harman pays tribute to her late husband for his 'superpower' of support \|work=The Independent \|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/lindsay-hoyle-harriet-harman-mps-boris-johnson-labour-b2006139.html \|url-status=live \|accessdate=3 February 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202200818/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/lindsay-hoyle-harriet-harman-mps-boris-johnson-labour-b2006139.html \|archive-date=2 February 2022}}
Southend West{{efn\|name=hold-no}} \| 3 February 2022 \| David Amess \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \| Anna Firth \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn\|As a mark of respect for the murdered MP, Labour, the Liberal Democrats, the Greens, and Reform UK all declined to contest the by-election.}} \| Death (murder).{{cite web \|date=11 April 2022 \|title=Sir David Amess: Man found guilty of murdering MP \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-61026210 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411115322/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-61026210 \|archive-date=11 April 2022 \|accessdate=11 April 2022 \|publisher=BBC News}}
bgcolor="ffcc66" \| North Shropshire{{efn\|name=yes\|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}} \| 16 December 2021 \| Owen Paterson \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \| Helen Morgan \| {{Party name with colour\|Liberal Democrats (UK)}} \| Resigned after being found to have broken lobbying rules.{{cite web \|date=4 November 2021 \|title=Owen Paterson: Government faces backlash over new conduct rules plan \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59158469 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104032238/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59158469 \|archive-date=4 November 2021 \|accessdate=4 November 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}{{cite web \|date=4 November 2021 \|title=Tory MP Owen Paterson to resign \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59167783 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104144530/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59167783 \|archive-date=4 November 2021 \|accessdate=4 November 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}
Old Bexley and Sidcup{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \| 2 December 2021{{cite web\|url=https://www.bexley.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-11/Notice-of-Election-UK-Parliamentary-By-Election-for-Old%20Bexley-and-Sidcup-2021.pdf\|title=NOTICE OF ELECTION UK Parliamentary By Election For OLD BEXLEY & SIDCUP\|publisher=Acting Returning Officer, Electoral Services\|location=Bexleyheath, Greater London\|date=3 November 2021\|access-date=4 November 2021\|archive-date=3 November 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103145405/https://www.bexley.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-11/Notice-of-Election-UK-Parliamentary-By-Election-for-Old%20Bexley-and-Sidcup-2021.pdf\|url-status=live}} \| James Brokenshire \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \| Louie French \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \| Death (cancer).{{cite news \|date=8 October 2021 \|title=Former Northern Ireland Secretary James Brokenshire dies, aged 53 \|publisher=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-58844606 \|url-status=live \|accessdate=8 October 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008110127/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-58844606 \|archive-date=8 October 2021}}
Batley and Spen{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \| 1 July 2021{{cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-57257577\|title=Batley and Spen by-election to be held on 1 July\|date=27 May 2021 \|publisher=BBC News\|accessdate=27 May 2021\|archive-date=27 May 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527095753/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-57257577\|url-status=live}} \|Tracy Brabin \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Kim Leadbeater \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Resigned after election as Mayor of West Yorkshire.
bgcolor="ffcc66" \| Chesham and Amersham{{efn\|name=yes\|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}} \| 17 June 2021{{cite web\|url=https://www.buckinghamshire.gov.uk/your-council/council-and-democracy/election-and-voting/election-timetable-and-notices/\|title=Elections and voting\|publisher=Buckinghamshire Council\|accessdate=17 May 2021\|archive-date=17 May 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517022522/https://www.buckinghamshire.gov.uk/your-council/council-and-democracy/election-and-voting/election-timetable-and-notices/\|url-status=live}} \|Cheryl Gillan \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \| Sarah Green \| {{Party name with colour\|Liberal Democrats (UK)}} \|Death (cancer).{{cite news \|last=Bates \|first=Stephen \|date=6 April 2021 \|title=Dame Cheryl Gillan obituary \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/apr/06/dame-cheryl-gillan-obituary \|url-status=live \|accessdate=8 October 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210406171251/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/apr/06/dame-cheryl-gillan-obituary \|archive-date=6 April 2021}}
Airdrie and Shotts{{efn\|name=hold-no}} \| 13 May 2021{{Cite web\|last=Tonner\|first=Judith\|date=26 March 2021\|title=Two elections in one week for Airdrie & Shotts voters\|url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/local-news/two-elections-one-week-airdrie-23800419\|access-date=26 March 2021\|website=Daily Record\|language=en\|archive-date=16 April 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416121101/https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/local-news/two-elections-one-week-airdrie-23800419\|url-status=live}} \|Neil Gray \| {{Party name with colour\|Scottish National Party}} \| Anum Qaisar \| {{Party name with colour\|Scottish National Party}} \|Resigned to contest Airdrie and Shotts in the Scottish Parliament.
bgcolor="lightblue" \| Hartlepool{{efn\|name=no}} \| 6 May 2021{{cite news\|url=https://labourlist.org/2021/03/mike-hill-quits-as-labour-mp-for-hartlepool-with-immediate-effect/\|title=Mike Hill quits as Labour MP for Hartlepool with immediate effect\|last=Rodgers\|first=Sienna\|date=16 March 2021\|work=LabourList\|access-date=24 March 2021\|archive-date=16 March 2021\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316120419/https://labourlist.org/2021/03/mike-hill-quits-as-labour-mp-for-hartlepool-with-immediate-effect/\|url-status=live}} \|Mike Hill \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Jill Mortimer \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Resigned following allegations of sexual harassment and victimisation.{{cite web \|date=16 March 2021 \|title=Mike Hill: Hartlepool MP quits 'with immediate effect' \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-56416603 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316122835/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-56416603 \|archive-date=16 March 2021 \|access-date=16 March 2021 \|work=BBC News}}{{cite web \|last=Halliday \|first=Josh \|date=7 May 2021 \|title=Labour crashes to humiliating byelection defeat in Hartlepool \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/may/07/hartlepool-byelection-result-labour-starmer-conservatives \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509004336/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/may/07/hartlepool-byelection-result-labour-starmer-conservatives \|archive-date=9 May 2021 \|access-date=9 May 2021 \|work=The Guardian}}

class="wikitable"

! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | By-election

scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Date

scope="col" style="width: 120px;" | Incumbent

scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 | Party

scope="col" style="width: 120px;" | Winner

scope="col" style="width: 25px;" colspan=2 | Party

scope="col" style="width: 550px;" | Cause

bgcolor = pink

|Blackpool South{{efn|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.|name=yes}}

| 2 May 2024{{cite web |url=https://www.blackpool.gov.uk/Your-Council/Voting-and-elections/Elections/By-election-Blackpool-South/Notice-of-Election.aspx |title=Parliamentary by-election Blackpool South |website=Blackpool Council |access-date=27 March 2024}}

| Scott Benton

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn|Benton was elected as a Conservative in 2019 until he was suspended from the party in April 2023.}}

| Chris Webb

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Resigned after being suspended from Parliament for five weeks and being subject to a recall petition for breaching lobbying rules{{cite news |title=Former Tory MP resigns leaving PM to face new by-election |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-68658896 |access-date=25 March 2024}}

bgcolor = #C999A6

|Rochdale{{efn|Gain not retained at the subsequent general election.|name=no}}

| 29 February 2024

| Tony Lloyd

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| George Galloway

| {{Party name with colour|Workers Party of Britain}}

| Death (leukaemia).{{cite news|title= Sir Tony Lloyd, Labour MP for Rochdale, dies aged 73|url=https://news.sky.com/story/sir-tony-lloyd-labour-mp-for-rochdale-dies-aged-73-13046240|access-date=17 January 2024}}

bgcolor = pink

|Kingswood{{efn|name=yes}}

| 15 February 2024

| Chris Skidmore

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn|Skidmore was an independent at the time he resigned from Parliament. He was first elected as a Conservative in 2010 but resigned from the party in January 2024.}}

| Damien Egan

|{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Resignation in protest of the Conservative government's bill to grant new oil and gas licences.{{cite news |title=Chris Skidmore: Tory MP quits over new oil and gas licences |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-67895246 |access-date=6 January 2024}}

bgcolor = pink

|Wellingborough{{efn|name=yes}}

| 15 February 2024

| Peter Bone

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn|Bone was an independent at the time he was removed from his seat in Parliament. He was elected as a Conservative in 2005 and served as a Conservative MP until he was suspended from the party in October 2023.}}

| Gen Kitchen

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Successful recall petition after allegations of bullying and sexual misconduct.{{cite news |last=Nevett |first=Joshua |title=Peter Bone MP loses seat as recall petition triggers by-election |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-67767890 |access-date=19 December 2023 |work=BBC News |date=19 December 2023}}

bgcolor = pink

|Tamworth{{efn|name=yes}}

| 19 October 2023{{cite web |title=Elections 2023 |url=https://www.tamworth.gov.uk/elections-2023 |website=Tamworth Borough Council |access-date=13 September 2023 |quote=UK Parliamentary By-Election – Thursday 19 October 2023}}

| Chris Pincher

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn|Pincher was elected as a Conservative in 2010 but was an independent at the time he resigned. He served as a Conservative MP until he was suspended from the party in July 2022.}}

| Sarah Edwards

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Resigned after losing his appeal to his suspension due to groping allegations.{{cite news |date=7 September 2023 |title=Tory MP Chris Pincher resigns after suspension from Commons over groping allegations |publisher=Sky News |url=https://news.sky.com/story/tory-mp-chris-pincher-resigns-after-suspension-from-commons-over-groping-allegations-12956582 |accessdate=7 September 2023}}

bgcolor=pink

|Mid Bedfordshire{{efn|name=no}}

| 19 October 2023

| Nadine Dorries

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

| Alistair Strathern

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Resigned after being omitted from Boris Johnson's resignation honours list.

bgcolor="pink" lan

|Rutherglen and Hamilton West{{efn|name=yes}}

| 5 October 2023

| Margaret Ferrier

| {{Party name with colour|Scottish National Party}}{{efn|Ferrier was an independent at the time she was removed from her seat in Parliament. She was suspended from the SNP in October 2020.}}

| Michael Shanks

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Recall petition after breaking COVID-19 rules in 2020.{{cite news |date=1 August 2023 |title=Margaret Ferrier: Covid breach MP loses seat after recall petition |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-66376464 |accessdate=1 August 2023}}

bgcolor=ffcc66

|Somerton and Frome{{efn|name=yes}}

| 20 July 2023

| David Warburton

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn|Warburton was elected as a Conservative in 2015 but was an independent at the time he resigned.}}

| Sarah Dyke

| {{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}

| Resigned 14 months after suspension from the Conservative Party pending an investigation.

bgcolor=pink

|Selby and Ainsty{{efn|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.|name=yes}}

| 20 July 2023

| Nigel Adams

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

| Keir Mather

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Resigned after being omitted from Boris Johnson's resignation honours list.{{cite web |date=12 June 2023 |title=Manor of Northstead |url=https://news.sky.com/story/boris-johnson-ally-nigel-adams-to-stand-down-as-mp-with-immediate-effect-triggering-third-by-election-12899994 |work=Gov.UK}}{{cite news |date=12 June 2023 |title=Manor of Northstead |language=en |work=GOV.UK |publisher=HM Treasury |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/manor-of-northstead--13 |access-date=12 June 2023 |ref=Yes}}

Uxbridge and South Ruislip{{efn|Hold not retained at the subsequent general election.|name=hold-no}}

| 20 July 2023

| Boris Johnson

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

| Steve Tuckwell

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

| Resigned after a parliamentary investigation found evidence he misled Parliament over Partygate and he failed to act on warnings about Chris Pincher. This led a parliamentary committee to recommend suspending him from the House for 20 days.{{cite web |date=9 June 2023 |title=Boris Johnson: I've been forced out over Partygate report |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-65863267 |work=BBC News}}{{cite news |date=12 June 2023 |title=Three Hundreds of Chiltern |language=en |work=GOV.UK |publisher=HM Treasury |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/three-hundreds-of-chiltern--16 |access-date=12 June 2023 |ref=Yes}}

West Lancashire{{efn|Hold retained at the subsequent general election.|name=hold-yes}}

| 9 February 2023

| Rosie Cooper

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Ashley Dalton

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK) }}

| Resigned to be chair of Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust.{{cite web |date=20 September 2022 |title=Rosie Cooper: Labour MP victim of murder plot quits for NHS role |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lancashire-62968372 |work=BBC News}}{{cite news |date=1 December 2022 |title=Three Hundreds of Chiltern |language=en |work=GOV.UK |publisher=HM Treasury |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/three-hundreds-of-chiltern--15 |access-date=3 December 2022 |ref=Yes}}

Stretford and Urmston{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

| 15 December 2022

| Kate Green

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Andrew Western

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK) }}

| Resigned to be deputy mayor of Greater Manchester.{{cite web |date=9 November 2022 |title=Labour face by-election as MP to quit to become Greater Manchester deputy mayor |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/labour-face-election-test-mp-28447421 |website=Daily Mirror}}

City of Chester{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

| 1 December 2022

| Chris Matheson

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK) }}

| Samantha Dixon

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK) }}

| Resigned after suspension for serious sexual misconduct.{{cite web |date=21 October 2022 |title=Labour MP Christian Matheson stands down over sexual misconduct |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-63344752 |work=BBC News}}

bgcolor="ffcc66"

|Tiverton and Honiton{{efn|name=yes|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}}

| 23 June 2022

| Neil Parish

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn|Parish was elected as a Conservative in 2010 but was an independent at the time he resigned.}}

| Richard Foord

| {{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}

| Resigned after being accused of watching pornography twice in the House of Commons.{{cite news |date=30 April 2022 |title=Neil Parish MP: I'm resigning after porn 'moment of madness' |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-61284686 |url-status=live |access-date=30 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430120508/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-61284686 |archive-date=30 April 2022}}

bgcolor="pink"

|Wakefield{{efn|name=yes|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}}

| 23 June 2022

| Imran Ahmad Khan

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn|Ahmad Khan was elected as a Conservative in 2019 but was an independent at the time he resigned. He was suspended from the party in June 2021 and expelled in April 2022.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/jun/18/tory-mp-faces-trial-over-alleged-2008-assault-on-15-year-old-boy|work=The Guardian|title=Tory MP faces trial over alleged 2008 assault on 15-year-old boy|access-date=18 April 2022|date=18 June 2021|archive-date=19 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419062523/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2021/jun/18/tory-mp-faces-trial-over-alleged-2008-assault-on-15-year-old-boy|url-status=live}}{{cite news |title=Imran Ahmad Khan expelled from Conservative party |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/apr/11/imran-ahmad-khan-expelled-from-conservative-party |access-date=18 April 2022 |work=The Guardian |date=11 April 2022 |archive-date=17 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417161419/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/apr/11/imran-ahmad-khan-expelled-from-conservative-party |url-status=live }}}}

| Simon Lightwood

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

| Resigned after conviction of sexually assaulting a 15-year-old boy.{{cite news |date=14 April 2022 |title=Khan to quit as MP after sexual assault conviction |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-61113265 |url-status=live |access-date=14 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414161637/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-61113265 |archive-date=14 April 2022}}

Birmingham Erdington{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

| 3 March 2022{{cite news|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-60201681|title=Jack Dromey: Funeral held for veteran Erdington MP|date=31 January 2022|access-date=31 January 2022|archive-date=31 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220131142214/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-birmingham-60201681|url-status=live}}

| Jack Dromey

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Paulette Hamilton

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Death (heart failure).{{cite news |last=Wheeler |first=Richard |date=3 February 2022 |title=Harriet Harman pays tribute to her late husband for his 'superpower' of support |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/lindsay-hoyle-harriet-harman-mps-boris-johnson-labour-b2006139.html |url-status=live |accessdate=3 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202200818/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/lindsay-hoyle-harriet-harman-mps-boris-johnson-labour-b2006139.html |archive-date=2 February 2022}}

Southend West{{efn|name=hold-no}}

| 3 February 2022

| David Amess

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

| Anna Firth

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{efn|As a mark of respect for the murdered MP, Labour, the Liberal Democrats, the Greens, and Reform UK all declined to contest the by-election.}}

| Death (murder).{{cite web |date=11 April 2022 |title=Sir David Amess: Man found guilty of murdering MP |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-61026210 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411115322/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-61026210 |archive-date=11 April 2022 |accessdate=11 April 2022 |publisher=BBC News}}

bgcolor="ffcc66"

| North Shropshire{{efn|name=yes|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}}

| 16 December 2021

| Owen Paterson

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

| Helen Morgan

| {{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}

| Resigned after being found to have broken lobbying rules.{{cite web |date=4 November 2021 |title=Owen Paterson: Government faces backlash over new conduct rules plan |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59158469 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104032238/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59158469 |archive-date=4 November 2021 |accessdate=4 November 2021 |publisher=BBC News}}{{cite web |date=4 November 2021 |title=Tory MP Owen Paterson to resign |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59167783 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104144530/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-59167783 |archive-date=4 November 2021 |accessdate=4 November 2021 |publisher=BBC News}}

Old Bexley and Sidcup{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

| 2 December 2021{{cite web|url=https://www.bexley.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-11/Notice-of-Election-UK-Parliamentary-By-Election-for-Old%20Bexley-and-Sidcup-2021.pdf|title=NOTICE OF ELECTION UK Parliamentary By Election For OLD BEXLEY & SIDCUP|publisher=Acting Returning Officer, Electoral Services|location=Bexleyheath, Greater London|date=3 November 2021|access-date=4 November 2021|archive-date=3 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103145405/https://www.bexley.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2021-11/Notice-of-Election-UK-Parliamentary-By-Election-for-Old%20Bexley-and-Sidcup-2021.pdf|url-status=live}}

| James Brokenshire

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

| Louie French

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

| Death (cancer).{{cite news |date=8 October 2021 |title=Former Northern Ireland Secretary James Brokenshire dies, aged 53 |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-58844606 |url-status=live |accessdate=8 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008110127/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-58844606 |archive-date=8 October 2021}}

Batley and Spen{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

| 1 July 2021{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-57257577|title=Batley and Spen by-election to be held on 1 July|date=27 May 2021 |publisher=BBC News|accessdate=27 May 2021|archive-date=27 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527095753/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-57257577|url-status=live}}

|Tracy Brabin

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Kim Leadbeater

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Resigned after election as Mayor of West Yorkshire.

bgcolor="ffcc66"

| Chesham and Amersham{{efn|name=yes|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}}

| 17 June 2021{{cite web|url=https://www.buckinghamshire.gov.uk/your-council/council-and-democracy/election-and-voting/election-timetable-and-notices/|title=Elections and voting|publisher=Buckinghamshire Council|accessdate=17 May 2021|archive-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517022522/https://www.buckinghamshire.gov.uk/your-council/council-and-democracy/election-and-voting/election-timetable-and-notices/|url-status=live}}

|Cheryl Gillan

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

| Sarah Green

| {{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}

|Death (cancer).{{cite news |last=Bates |first=Stephen |date=6 April 2021 |title=Dame Cheryl Gillan obituary |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/apr/06/dame-cheryl-gillan-obituary |url-status=live |accessdate=8 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210406171251/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/apr/06/dame-cheryl-gillan-obituary |archive-date=6 April 2021}}

Airdrie and Shotts{{efn|name=hold-no}}

| 13 May 2021{{Cite web|last=Tonner|first=Judith|date=26 March 2021|title=Two elections in one week for Airdrie & Shotts voters|url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/local-news/two-elections-one-week-airdrie-23800419|access-date=26 March 2021|website=Daily Record|language=en|archive-date=16 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416121101/https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/local-news/two-elections-one-week-airdrie-23800419|url-status=live}}

|Neil Gray

| {{Party name with colour|Scottish National Party}}

| Anum Qaisar

| {{Party name with colour|Scottish National Party}}

|Resigned to contest Airdrie and Shotts in the Scottish Parliament.

bgcolor="lightblue"

| Hartlepool{{efn|name=no}}

| 6 May 2021{{cite news|url=https://labourlist.org/2021/03/mike-hill-quits-as-labour-mp-for-hartlepool-with-immediate-effect/|title=Mike Hill quits as Labour MP for Hartlepool with immediate effect|last=Rodgers|first=Sienna|date=16 March 2021|work=LabourList|access-date=24 March 2021|archive-date=16 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316120419/https://labourlist.org/2021/03/mike-hill-quits-as-labour-mp-for-hartlepool-with-immediate-effect/|url-status=live}}

|Mike Hill

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Jill Mortimer

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Resigned following allegations of sexual harassment and victimisation.{{cite web |date=16 March 2021 |title=Mike Hill: Hartlepool MP quits 'with immediate effect' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-56416603 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210316122835/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-56416603 |archive-date=16 March 2021 |access-date=16 March 2021 |work=BBC News}}{{cite web |last=Halliday |first=Josh |date=7 May 2021 |title=Labour crashes to humiliating byelection defeat in Hartlepool |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/may/07/hartlepool-byelection-result-labour-starmer-conservatives |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509004336/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/may/07/hartlepool-byelection-result-labour-starmer-conservatives |archive-date=9 May 2021 |access-date=9 May 2021 |work=The Guardian}}

=2017–2019 Parliament=

There were five by-elections in the 2017–2019 Parliament, which was the smallest number since the six-month parliament that sat between the two general elections in February and October 1974. Three were in seats held by Labour, one by the governing Conservatives and one by Sinn Féin, who do not take up their seats in the House of Commons. Four by-elections were won by the incumbent party and the Liberal Democrats won a seat from Conservatives. One by-election was a result of the death of the incumbent MP, who represented Labour. Two by-elections were the result of recall petitions via the provisions of the Recall of MPs Act 2015, the first such in the country.

At the dissolution of Parliament in 2019 there were two vacancies: Bassetlaw, caused by the resignation of Labour member John Mann, and Buckingham, caused by the resignation of Speaker John Bercow. With the proximity of the 2019 general election, by-elections were not called for these seats. The Conservatives, the party Bercow had represented before he took up the speakership, regained Buckingham and won Bassetlaw from Labour as well.

! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| By-election	scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| Date	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Incumbent	scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Winner	scope="col" style="width: 25px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 550px;" \| Cause
class="wikitable"
bgcolor=ffcc66 \| Brecon and Radnorshire{{efn\|name=no}} \| 1 August 2019 \|Chris Davies \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Jane Dodds \| {{Party name with colour\|Liberal Democrats (UK)}} \| Recall petition after conviction for false expenses claims.{{cite web \|date=21 June 2019 \|title=MP Chris Davies unseated after petition triggers by-election \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-48720176 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211223414/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-48720176 \|archive-date=11 December 2020 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}{{cite web \|date=2 August 2019 \|title=Brecon and Radnorshire by-election: Lib Dems beat Conservatives \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-49200636 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231204431/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-49200636 \|archive-date=31 December 2020 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}
Peterborough{{efn\|name=hold-no}} \| 6 June 2019 \|Fiona Onasanya \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Onasanya was an independent at the time of the by-election, originally elected as a Labour candidate in 2017, and expelled from the party in December 2018.{{cite news \|url=https://www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/politics/fiona-onasanya-expelled-by-labour-as-party-chief-tells-peterborough-voters-you-were-failed-1-8757721 \|title=Fiona Onasanya expelled by Labour as party chief tells Peterborough voters – 'you were failed' \|last=Lamy \|first=Joel \|date=3 January 2019 \|newspaper=Peterborough Telegraph \|access-date=18 April 2022 \|archive-date=1 May 2019 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501185704/https://www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/politics/fiona-onasanya-expelled-by-labour-as-party-chief-tells-peterborough-voters-you-were-failed-1-8757721 \|url-status=live }}}} \|Lisa Forbes \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Recall petition after conviction for perverting the course of justice, in relation to a motoring offence.{{cite web \|date=1 May 2019 \|title=Fiona Onasanya: Speeding offence MP ousted under recall rules \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-48123355 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205235251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-48123355 \|archive-date=5 December 2020 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}{{cite web \|date=7 June 2019 \|title=Peterborough by-election: Labour beats Brexit Party to hold seat \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-48532869 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606231100/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-48532869 \|archive-date=6 June 2019 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}
Newport West{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \| 4 April 2019 \|Paul Flynn \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Ruth Jones \|{{Party name with color\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Death (long illness).{{cite web \|date=18 February 2019 \|title=Tributes as Newport West Labour MP Paul Flynn dies aged 84 \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-47274312 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219000215/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-47274312 \|archive-date=19 February 2019 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}{{cite web \|date=5 April 2019 \|title=Newport West by-election: Labour holds on to seat \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-47786885 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126232249/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-47786885 \|archive-date=26 November 2020 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}
Lewisham East{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \| 14 June 2018 \|Heidi Alexander \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Janet Daby \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Resignation on appointment as Deputy Mayor of London.{{cite web \|date=8 May 2018 \|title=Labour MP Heidi Alexander to swap Commons for City Hall \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-44041447 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508115741/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-44041447 \|archive-date=8 May 2018 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}{{cite web \|date=15 June 2018 \|title=Labour's Janet Daby wins Lewisham East in by-election \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-44486075 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109025814/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-44486075 \|archive-date=9 November 2020 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}
West Tyrone{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \| 3 May 2018 \|Barry McElduff \| {{Party name with colour\|Sinn Féin}} \|Órfhlaith Begley \| {{Party name with colour\|Sinn Féin}} \|Resignation after a joke about the Kingsmill massacre on social media.{{cite web \|date=15 January 2018 \|title=Barry McElduff resigns as MP for West Tyrone \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-42688698 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112005822/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-42688698 \|archive-date=12 January 2021 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}{{cite web \|date=4 May 2018 \|title=SF's Begley wins West Tyrone by-election \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-43983518 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507111021/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-43983518 \|archive-date=7 May 2021 \|access-date=10 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}

=2015–2017 Parliament=

There were ten by-elections in the 2015–2017 Parliament (with a planned by-election in Manchester Gorton cancelled when the 2017 general election was called). Seven were in seats held by Labour, and three by the governing Conservatives. Eight by-elections were won by the incumbent party: the Conservatives won a seat from Labour and lost one to the Liberal Democrats. Three by-elections happened due to the deaths of the incumbent MPs, all of whom represented Labour.

At the dissolution of Parliament in 2017, one seat was vacant: that for Manchester Gorton, caused by the death of its Labour member Gerald Kaufman.{{Cite news|last1=Weaver|first1=Matthew|last2=Pidd|first2=Helen|date=27 February 2017|title=Tributes paid to 'iconic' Labour MP Sir Gerald Kaufman|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/feb/26/sir-gerald-kaufman-labour-mp-for-manchester-gorton-dies-aged-86|access-date=30 April 2020|issn=0261-3077|archive-date=19 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219010927/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/feb/26/sir-gerald-kaufman-labour-mp-for-manchester-gorton-dies-aged-86|url-status=live}} With the close proximity of the 2017 general election on 8 June, the by-election previously called for 4 May had its writ cancelled by the House of Commons.{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-39646993|title=Manchester Gorton by-election cancelled because of general election|date=19 April 2017|work=BBC|access-date=21 June 2018|archive-date=3 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703132802/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-39646993|url-status=live}} All but two of the candidates nominated for the by-election then stood at the general election, and Labour held the seat.

class="wikitable"
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| By-election	scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| Date	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Incumbent	scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Winner	scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 500px;" \| Cause
Stoke-on-Trent Central{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|23 February 2017{{cite web\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-38689401\|title=Labour announce date for by-elections to replace Tristram Hunt and Jamie Reed\|date=20 January 2017\|publisher=BBC News\|access-date=21 June 2018\|archive-date=13 October 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013225345/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-38689401\|url-status=live}} \|Tristram Hunt \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Gareth Snell \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Resignation to take up his new role as head of the Victoria and Albert Museum.{{cite web \|title=Labour's Tristram Hunt quitting as MP to head V&A Museum. \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-38608825 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113095128/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-38608825 \|archive-date=13 January 2017 \|access-date=13 January 2016}}
bgcolor="lightblue" \|Copeland{{efn\|name=yes\|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}} \|23 February 2017 \|Jamie Reed \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Trudy Harrison \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Resignation to take up his new role in the nuclear power industry.{{cite web \|date=21 December 2016 \|title=Corbyn critic quits as Labour MP, triggering tight byelection race \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/dec/21/corbyn-critic-jamie-reed-quits-labour-mp-byelection-copeland \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221143550/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/dec/21/corbyn-critic-jamie-reed-quits-labour-mp-byelection-copeland \|archive-date=21 December 2016 \|access-date=21 December 2016 \|website=The Guardian}}
Sleaford and North Hykeham{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|8 December 2016{{cite web\|url=http://lincolnshirereporter.co.uk/2016/11/date-set-for-sleaford-and-north-hykeham-by-election/\|title=Date set for Sleaford and North Hykeham by-election\|last=Pidluznyj\|first=Stefan\|work=The Lincolnite\|date=7 November 2016\|access-date=8 November 2016\|archive-date=7 February 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207131412/https://lincolnshirereporter.co.uk/2016/11/date-set-for-sleaford-and-north-hykeham-by-election/\|url-status=live}} \|Stephen Phillips \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Caroline Johnson \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Resignation citing irreconcilable differences with the government.{{cite web \|date=4 November 2019 \|title=Tory MP Stephen Phillips quits over 'irreconcilable differences' \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37872899 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207135105/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37872899 \|archive-date=7 February 2020 \|access-date=27 October 2020 \|publisher=BBC News}}
bgcolor="ffcc66" \|Richmond Park{{efn\|name=no}} \|1 December 2016{{cite web\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37786753\|title=UKIP backing Zac Goldsmith in by-election\|date=27 October 2016\|publisher=BBC News\|access-date=21 June 2018\|archive-date=26 July 2019\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726213725/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37786753\|url-status=live}} \|Zac Goldsmith \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Sarah Olney \|{{Party name with color\|Liberal Democrats (UK)}} \|Sought reelection as an independent in opposition to the government's policy on Heathrow Airport expansion.{{cite web \|date=25 October 2016 \|title=Zac Goldsmith Confirms He Will Resign Over Heathrow \|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/exclusive-zac-goldsmith-resigns-as-richmond-park-mp_uk_580f38e6e4b0f479c0d7e30d?ir=UK+Politics \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504001414/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/exclusive-zac-goldsmith-resigns-as-richmond-park-mp_uk_580f38e6e4b0f479c0d7e30d?ir=UK+Politics \|archive-date=4 May 2022 \|access-date=25 October 2016 \|website=The Huffington Post}}
Witney{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|20 October 2016 \|David Cameron \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Robert Courts \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Resignation as MP two months after resigning as Prime Minister and Leader of Conservative Party.{{cite web \|date=12 September 2016 \|title=David Cameron quits as Conservative MP for Witney \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37342152 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120235635/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37342152 \|archive-date=20 November 2017 \|access-date=21 June 2018 \|publisher=BBC News}}
Batley and Spen{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|20 October 2016 \|Jo Cox \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Tracy Brabin \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}}{{efn\|As a mark of respect for the murdered MP, the Conservatives, the Liberal Democrats, UKIP, and the Greens all declined to contest the by-election.}} \|Death (murder).{{cite news \|date=16 June 2016 \|title=Jo Cox MP dead after shooting attack \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-36550304 \|url-status=live \|access-date=16 June 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407181857/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-36550304 \|archive-date=7 April 2019}}
Tooting{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|16 June 2016 \|Sadiq Khan \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Rosena Allin-Khan \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Resignation upon election as Mayor of London.{{cite web \|date=10 May 2016 \|title=Sadiq Khan resigns as MP for Tooting \|url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/news/2016/may/sadiq-khan-resigns-as-mp-for-tooting/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511133538/http://www.parliament.uk/business/news/2016/may/sadiq-khan-resigns-as-mp-for-tooting/ \|archive-date=11 May 2016 \|access-date=10 May 2016 \|publisher=UK Parliament}}
Ogmore{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|5 May 2016 \|Huw Irranca-Davies \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Christopher Elmore{{cite web\|title=Labour holds in Ogmore by-election with 52% of the vote\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-east-wales-36219570\|work=BBC News\|date=6 May 2016\|access-date=6 May 2016\|archive-date=6 May 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506115458/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-east-wales-36219570\|url-status=live}} \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Resignation to contest the Welsh Assembly election.{{cite web \|date=13 February 2016 \|title=Elmore selected as Labour candidate in Ogmore by-election \|url=http://www.itv.com/news/wales/update/2016-02-13/elmore-selected-as-labour-candidate-in-ogmore-by-election/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214022606/http://www.itv.com/news/wales/update/2016-02-13/elmore-selected-as-labour-candidate-in-ogmore-by-election/ \|archive-date=14 February 2016 \|access-date=14 February 2016 \|work=ITV News}}
Sheffield Brightside and Hillsborough{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|5 May 2016 \|Harry Harpham \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Gill Furniss{{cite web\|title=Gill Furniss wins Sheffield by-election for Labour\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2016-36219709\|work=BBC News\|date=6 May 2016\|access-date=6 May 2016\|archive-date=6 May 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506040419/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2016-36219709\|url-status=live}} \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Death (cancer).{{cite news \|date=5 February 2016 \|title=Sheffield Labour MP Harry Harpham dies \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-35499240 \|url-status=live \|access-date=5 February 2016 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205050215/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-35499240 \|archive-date=5 February 2016}}
Oldham West and Royton{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|3 December 2015 \|Michael Meacher \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Jim McMahon \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Death (short illness).{{cite news \| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34592381 \| title=Labour MP Michael Meacher dies \| work=BBC News \| date=21 October 2015 \| access-date=21 October 2015 \| archive-date=21 October 2015 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021211351/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34592381 \| url-status=live }}

class="wikitable"

! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | By-election

scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Date

scope="col" style="width: 120px;" | Incumbent

scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 | Party

scope="col" style="width: 120px;" | Winner

scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 | Party

scope="col" style="width: 500px;" | Cause

Stoke-on-Trent Central{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|23 February 2017{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-38689401|title=Labour announce date for by-elections to replace Tristram Hunt and Jamie Reed|date=20 January 2017|publisher=BBC News|access-date=21 June 2018|archive-date=13 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013225345/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-38689401|url-status=live}}

|Tristram Hunt

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Gareth Snell

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Resignation to take up his new role as head of the Victoria and Albert Museum.{{cite web |title=Labour's Tristram Hunt quitting as MP to head V&A Museum. |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-38608825 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113095128/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-38608825 |archive-date=13 January 2017 |access-date=13 January 2016}}

bgcolor="lightblue"

|Copeland{{efn|name=yes|Gain was retained at the subsequent general election.}}

|23 February 2017

|Jamie Reed

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Trudy Harrison

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Resignation to take up his new role in the nuclear power industry.{{cite web |date=21 December 2016 |title=Corbyn critic quits as Labour MP, triggering tight byelection race |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/dec/21/corbyn-critic-jamie-reed-quits-labour-mp-byelection-copeland |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221143550/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/dec/21/corbyn-critic-jamie-reed-quits-labour-mp-byelection-copeland |archive-date=21 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2016 |website=The Guardian}}

Sleaford and North Hykeham{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|8 December 2016{{cite web|url=http://lincolnshirereporter.co.uk/2016/11/date-set-for-sleaford-and-north-hykeham-by-election/|title=Date set for Sleaford and North Hykeham by-election|last=Pidluznyj|first=Stefan|work=The Lincolnite|date=7 November 2016|access-date=8 November 2016|archive-date=7 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207131412/https://lincolnshirereporter.co.uk/2016/11/date-set-for-sleaford-and-north-hykeham-by-election/|url-status=live}}

|Stephen Phillips

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Caroline Johnson

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Resignation citing irreconcilable differences with the government.{{cite web |date=4 November 2019 |title=Tory MP Stephen Phillips quits over 'irreconcilable differences' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37872899 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207135105/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37872899 |archive-date=7 February 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |publisher=BBC News}}

bgcolor="ffcc66"

|Richmond Park{{efn|name=no}}

|1 December 2016{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37786753|title=UKIP backing Zac Goldsmith in by-election|date=27 October 2016|publisher=BBC News|access-date=21 June 2018|archive-date=26 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726213725/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37786753|url-status=live}}

|Zac Goldsmith

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Sarah Olney

|{{Party name with color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}

|Sought reelection as an independent in opposition to the government's policy on Heathrow Airport expansion.{{cite web |date=25 October 2016 |title=Zac Goldsmith Confirms He Will Resign Over Heathrow |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/exclusive-zac-goldsmith-resigns-as-richmond-park-mp_uk_580f38e6e4b0f479c0d7e30d?ir=UK+Politics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504001414/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/exclusive-zac-goldsmith-resigns-as-richmond-park-mp_uk_580f38e6e4b0f479c0d7e30d?ir=UK+Politics |archive-date=4 May 2022 |access-date=25 October 2016 |website=The Huffington Post}}

Witney{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|20 October 2016

|David Cameron

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Robert Courts

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Resignation as MP two months after resigning as Prime Minister and Leader of Conservative Party.{{cite web |date=12 September 2016 |title=David Cameron quits as Conservative MP for Witney |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37342152 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120235635/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-37342152 |archive-date=20 November 2017 |access-date=21 June 2018 |publisher=BBC News}}

Batley and Spen{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|20 October 2016

|Jo Cox

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Tracy Brabin

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}{{efn|As a mark of respect for the murdered MP, the Conservatives, the Liberal Democrats, UKIP, and the Greens all declined to contest the by-election.}}

|Death (murder).{{cite news |date=16 June 2016 |title=Jo Cox MP dead after shooting attack |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-36550304 |url-status=live |access-date=16 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407181857/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-36550304 |archive-date=7 April 2019}}

Tooting{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|16 June 2016

|Sadiq Khan

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Rosena Allin-Khan

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Resignation upon election as Mayor of London.{{cite web |date=10 May 2016 |title=Sadiq Khan resigns as MP for Tooting |url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/news/2016/may/sadiq-khan-resigns-as-mp-for-tooting/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511133538/http://www.parliament.uk/business/news/2016/may/sadiq-khan-resigns-as-mp-for-tooting/ |archive-date=11 May 2016 |access-date=10 May 2016 |publisher=UK Parliament}}

Ogmore{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|5 May 2016

|Huw Irranca-Davies

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Christopher Elmore{{cite web|title=Labour holds in Ogmore by-election with 52% of the vote|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-east-wales-36219570|work=BBC News|date=6 May 2016|access-date=6 May 2016|archive-date=6 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506115458/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-east-wales-36219570|url-status=live}}

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Resignation to contest the Welsh Assembly election.{{cite web |date=13 February 2016 |title=Elmore selected as Labour candidate in Ogmore by-election |url=http://www.itv.com/news/wales/update/2016-02-13/elmore-selected-as-labour-candidate-in-ogmore-by-election/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214022606/http://www.itv.com/news/wales/update/2016-02-13/elmore-selected-as-labour-candidate-in-ogmore-by-election/ |archive-date=14 February 2016 |access-date=14 February 2016 |work=ITV News}}

Sheffield Brightside and Hillsborough{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|5 May 2016

|Harry Harpham

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Gill Furniss{{cite web|title=Gill Furniss wins Sheffield by-election for Labour|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2016-36219709|work=BBC News|date=6 May 2016|access-date=6 May 2016|archive-date=6 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506040419/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2016-36219709|url-status=live}}

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Death (cancer).{{cite news |date=5 February 2016 |title=Sheffield Labour MP Harry Harpham dies |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-35499240 |url-status=live |access-date=5 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205050215/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-35499240 |archive-date=5 February 2016}}

Oldham West and Royton{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|3 December 2015

|Michael Meacher

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Jim McMahon

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Death (short illness).{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34592381 | title=Labour MP Michael Meacher dies | work=BBC News | date=21 October 2015 | access-date=21 October 2015 | archive-date=21 October 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021211351/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-34592381 | url-status=live }}

=2010–2015 Parliament=

There were 21 by-elections in the 2010–2015 Parliament. Fourteen were in constituencies held by Labour, four by the governing Conservatives, one by their coalition partners the Liberal Democrats and two by Sinn Féin, who do not take up their seats in the House of Commons. Seventeen by-elections were won by the incumbent party: Labour won a seat from the Conservatives and lost one to Respect, while UKIP gained two seats from the Conservatives after the incumbent MPs defected to the party and were re-elected. Six by-elections happened due to the deaths of the incumbent MPs, all of whom represented Labour. In all six of those by-elections, Labour retained the seat.

class="wikitable sortable"
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| By-election	scope="col" style="width: 150px;" \| Date	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Incumbent	scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 120px;" \| Winner	scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 \| Party	scope="col" style="width: 500px;" \| Cause
bgcolor="plum" \|Rochester and Strood{{efn\|name=no}} \|20 November 2014 \|Mark Reckless \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Mark Reckless \| {{Party name with colour\|UKIP}} \|Sought re-election upon change of party allegiance.{{cite news \|date=27 September 2014 \|title=Mark Reckless defects to UKIP from Tories \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29394697 \|url-status=live \|access-date=27 September 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140927135012/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29394697 \|archive-date=27 September 2014}}
Heywood and Middleton{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|9 October 2014{{cite news\|title=Second by-election set to be held on 9 October\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29143285\|access-date=10 September 2014\|work=BBC News\|date=10 September 2014\|archive-date=10 September 2014\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910110658/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29143285\|url-status=live}} \|Jim Dobbin \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Liz McInnes \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Death (acute alcohol toxicity with food aspiration).{{cite news \|last=Thacker \|first=Simon \|date=21 January 2015 \|title=Middleton and Heywood MP Jim Dobbin died after consuming fatal amount of Polish spirits, inquest rules \|work=Manchester Evening News \|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/middleton-heywood-mpjim-dobbin-died-8491335 \|url-status=live \|access-date=27 January 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121235657/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/middleton-heywood-mpjim-dobbin-died-8491335 \|archive-date=21 January 2015}}
bgcolor="plum" \|Clacton{{efn\|name=yes}} \|9 October 2014{{cite news\|title=Clacton by-election to take place on 9 October\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29029022\|access-date=2 September 2014\|work=BBC News\|date=2 September 2014\|archive-date=28 April 2020\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428144659/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29029022\|url-status=live}} \|Douglas Carswell \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Douglas Carswell \| {{Party name with colour\|UKIP}} \|Sought re-election upon change of party allegiance.{{cite news \|date=28 August 2014 \|title=Tory MP Douglas Carswell defects to Ukip and forces byelection \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/aug/28/douglas-carswell-ukip-defects-tory-mp-byelection \|url-status=live \|access-date=28 August 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828144821/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/aug/28/douglas-carswell-ukip-defects-tory-mp-byelection \|archive-date=28 August 2014}}
Newark{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|5 June 2014{{cite news \| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-27237419 \| title=Patrick Mercer 'deliberately evaded' MPs' rules, watchdog finds \| work=BBC News \| date=1 May 2014 \| access-date=2 May 2014 \| archive-date=3 May 2014 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503090215/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-27237419 \| url-status=live }} \|Patrick Mercer \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Robert Jenrick \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Resignation after Standards Committee recommended suspension for six months for breaching paid advocacy rules.{{cite news \|date=29 April 2014 \|title=Former Tory MP Mercer resigns after Commons suspension \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-27208966 \|url-status=live \|access-date=29 April 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430224954/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-27208966 \|archive-date=30 April 2014}}
Wythenshawe and Sale East{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|13 February 2014{{cite news \| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-25816984 \| title=Wythenshawe and Sale East by-election date announced \| work=BBC News \| date=20 January 2014 \| access-date=29 April 2014 \| archive-date=28 March 2014 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328135649/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-25816984 \| url-status=live }} \|Paul Goggins \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Mike Kane \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Death (stroke/haemorrhage).{{cite news \|author=Linton, Deborah \|date=8 January 2014 \|title=Labour MP Paul Goggins, 60, dies in hospital \|work=Manchester Evening News \|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/paul-goggins-mp-wythenshawe-sale-6479071 \|url-status=dead \|access-date=29 April 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106110036/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/paul-goggins-mp-wythenshawe-sale-6479071 \|archive-date=6 January 2016}}
South Shields{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|2 May 2013 \|David Miliband \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Emma Lewell-Buck \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Resignation to join International Rescue Committee.{{cite news \|author=Watt, Nicholas \|date=27 March 2013 \|title=David Miliband to step down as MP \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2013/mar/26/david-miliband-step-down-mp \|url-status=live \|access-date=29 April 2014 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213193732/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2013/mar/26/david-miliband-step-down-mp \|archive-date=13 December 2013}}
Mid Ulster{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|7 March 2013 \|Martin McGuinness \| {{Party name with colour\|Sinn Féin}} \|Francie Molloy \| {{Party name with colour\|Sinn Féin}} \|Resignation to end 'double-jobbing' as MP and Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly.{{cite news \|date=30 December 2012 \|title=Sinn Fein's Martin McGuinness resigns as Mid-Ulster MP \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20871049 \|url-status=live \|access-date=31 March 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405031602/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20871049 \|archive-date=5 April 2018}}
Eastleigh{{efn\|name=hold-no}} \|28 February 2013 \|Chris Huhne \| {{Party name with colour\|Liberal Democrats (UK)}} \|Mike Thornton \| {{Party name with colour\|Liberal Democrats (UK)}} \|Resignation following pleading guilty to perverting the course of justice.{{cite web \|author= \|date=1 March 2013 \|title=Eastleigh by-election: Lib Dems hold on despite UKIP surge \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-21625726 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301065218/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-21625726 \|archive-date=1 March 2013 \|access-date=9 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}
Croydon North{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|29 November 2012 \|Malcolm Wicks \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \| Steve Reed \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Death (cancer).{{cite news \|author=Langdon, Julia \|date=30 September 2012 \|title=Malcolm Wicks obituary \|work=The Guardian \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/sep/30/malcolm-wicks \|url-status=live \|access-date=15 February 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416143549/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/sep/30/malcolm-wicks \|archive-date=16 April 2019}}{{cite news \|date=30 November 2012 \|title=Croydon North by-election: Labour's Steve Reed secures win \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-20544539 \|url-status=live \|access-date=30 November 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007210911/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-20544539 \|archive-date=7 October 2018}}
Middlesbrough{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|29 November 2012 \|Stuart Bell \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Andy McDonald \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Death (cancer).{{cite news \|date=13 October 2012 \|title=Middlesbrough MP Sir Stuart Bell dies, aged 74 \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-19936270 \|url-status=live \|access-date=21 June 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010043738/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-19936270 \|archive-date=10 October 2018}}
Rotherham{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|29 November 2012 \|Denis MacShane \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Sarah Champion{{cite news\|url=http://www.itv.com/news/story/2012-11-29/middlesbrough-croydon-north-rotherham-by-elections/\|title=Champion secures clear victory\|date=30 November 2012\|work=ITV News\|access-date=30 November 2012\|archive-date=30 November 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130031700/http://www.itv.com/news/story/2012-11-29/middlesbrough-croydon-north-rotherham-by-elections/\|url-status=live}} \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Resignation after Standards and Privileges Committee recommended suspension for 12 months for claiming false expenses (United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal).{{cite news \|date=2 November 2012 \|title=MP's expenses: Denis MacShane resigns as MP \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-20178332#TWEET329239 \|url-status=live \|access-date=2 November 2012 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728185455/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-20178332#TWEET329239 \|archive-date=28 July 2018}}
Cardiff South and Penarth{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|15 November 2012 \|Alun Michael \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Stephen Doughty \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Resignation to contest South Wales Police and Crime Commissioner election.{{cite web \|author= \|date=15 July 2012 \|title=Oxfam boss Stephen Doughty is Labour by-election candidate \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-18847945 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121032742/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-18847945 \|archive-date=21 January 2021 \|access-date=9 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}{{cite web \|author= \|date=16 November 2012 \|title=Labour victory in Cardiff South and Penarth by-election \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-20342214 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314190931/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-20342214 \|archive-date=14 March 2021 \|access-date=9 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}
bgcolor=pink \|Corby{{efn\|name=no}} \|15 November 2012{{cite news \| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-20345196 \| title=By-elections: Labour takes Corby from Conservatives \| work=BBC News \| date=16 November 2012 \| access-date=29 April 2014 \| archive-date=16 November 2012 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116034118/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-20345196 \| url-status=live }} \|Louise Mensch \| {{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}} \|Andy Sawford \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Resignation for family reasons.{{cite news \|last=Cronin \|first=Kate \|date=6 August 2012 \|title=Louise Mensch resigns as Corby and East Northamptonshire MP \|work=Northamptonshire Telegraph \|url=http://www.northantstelegraph.co.uk/news/local/exclusive-louise-mensch-resigns-as-corby-and-east-northamptonshire-mp-1-4132714 \|url-status=live \|access-date=16 February 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504001415/https://www.northantstelegraph.co.uk/news/local/exclusive-louise-mensch-resigns-as-corby-and-east-northamptonshire-mp-1-4132714 \|archive-date=4 May 2022}}
Manchester Central{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|15 November 2012 \|Tony Lloyd \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Lucy Powell \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Resignation to contest Greater Manchester Police and Crime Commissioner election.{{cite web \|author= \|date=16 November 2012 \|title=Labour's Lucy Powell wins Manchester Central election \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-20346068 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209050802/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-20346068 \|archive-date=9 December 2016 \|access-date=9 January 2021 \|publisher=BBC News}}
bgcolor="#CEF2E0" \|Bradford West{{cite news\|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/bookies-lose-out-in-galloway-rout-7602911.html\|title=Bookies lose out in Galloway rout\|last=Sculthorpe\|first=Tim\|date=30 March 2012\|work=The Independent\|accessdate=30 March 2012\|archive-date=31 March 2012\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331234608/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/bookies-lose-out-in-galloway-rout-7602911.html\|url-status=dead}}{{efn\|name=no}} \|29 March 2012 \|Marsha Singh \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|George Galloway \| {{Party name with colour\|Respect Party}} \|Resignation (serious health problems).{{cite news \|date=1 March 2012 \|title=Bradford West MP Marsha Singh to stand down \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-17218405 \|url-status=live \|access-date=31 March 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010033435/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-17218405 \|archive-date=10 October 2018}}
Feltham and Heston{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|15 December 2011 \|Alan Keen \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Seema Malhotra \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Death (cancer).{{cite news \|author=Hope, Christopher \|date=14 November 2011 \|title=Labour MP Alan Keen dies at 73 \|work=The Daily Telegraph \|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/8888317/Labour-MP-Alan-Keen-dies-at-73.html \|url-status=live \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2 June 2014 \|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/8888317/Labour-MP-Alan-Keen-dies-at-73.html \|archive-date=12 January 2022}}{{cbignore}}
Inverclyde{{efn\|name=hold-no}} \|30 June 2011{{cite news \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-13694844 \|title=Inverclyde Westminster by-election date set \|date=8 June 2011 \|work=BBC News \|access-date=8 June 2011 \|archive-date=8 June 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608112654/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-13694844 \|url-status=live }} \|David Cairns \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Iain McKenzie \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Death (pancreatitis).
Belfast West{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|9 June 2011{{cite web \|url=http://www.eoni.org.uk/notice_of_election_-_parliamentary_by-election_9_june_2011.pdf \|title=Notice of election \|date=19 May 2011 \|work=Belfast Area Electoral Office \|access-date=19 May 2011 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721205323/http://www.eoni.org.uk/notice_of_election_-_parliamentary_by-election_9_june_2011.pdf \|archive-date=21 July 2011 }} \|Gerry Adams \| {{Party name with colour\|Sinn Féin}} \|Paul Maskey \| {{Party name with colour\|Sinn Féin}} \|Resignation (to contest Louth in the Irish general election).{{cite news \|date=26 January 2011 \|title=John Bercow says Gerry Adams is not an MP \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-12294406 \|url-status=live \|access-date=31 March 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110127092833/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-12294406 \|archive-date=27 January 2011}}
Leicester South{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|5 May 2011 \|Peter Soulsby \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Jon Ashworth \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour and Co-operative Party}} \|Resignation (to contest the mayoralty of Leicester).{{cite web \|date=5 March 2011 \|title=Sir Peter Soulsby to stand down as MP following selection as Labour's Mayoral Candidate \|url=http://www.eastmidslabour.org.uk/sir-peter-soulsby-to-stand-down-as-mp-following-selection-as-lab \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321003528/http://www.eastmidslabour.org.uk/sir-peter-soulsby-to-stand-down-as-mp-following-selection-as-lab \|archive-date=21 March 2012 \|publisher=Labour East Midlands}}
Barnsley Central{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|3 March 2011{{cite news\|url=http://news.sky.com/skynews/Article/201009115926253\|title=Politician Quits After Expenses Scandal\|author=Craig, Jon\|work=Sky News\|date=8 February 2011\|access-date=31 August 2014\|archive-date=11 February 2011\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110211204225/http://news.sky.com/skynews/Article/201009115926253\|url-status=live}} \|Eric Illsley \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}}{{efn\|Eric Illsley was elected as a Labour MP from 1987 and was re-elected at every subsequent general election as a Labour candidate, but was suspended by the Labour Party shortly afterwards after being charged with fraud arising from the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal.}} \|Dan Jarvis \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Resignation after pleading guilty to false accounting (United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal).{{cite news \|date=12 January 2011 \|title=MPs' expenses: Eric Illsley is to stand down as MP \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12174117 \|url-status=live \|access-date=12 January 2011 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616050809/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12174117 \|archive-date=16 June 2019}}
Oldham East and Saddleworth{{efn\|name=hold-yes}} \|13 January 2011 \|Phil Woolas \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Debbie Abrahams \| {{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} \|Void election under the Representation of the People Act 1983; found to personally have made false statements of fact concerning a candidate.{{cite news \|date=5 November 2010 \|title=Judges order election re-run in ex-minister's seat \|work=BBC News \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11699888 \|url-status=live \|access-date=5 November 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514200322/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11699888 \|archive-date=14 May 2021}}

class="wikitable sortable"

! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | By-election

scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Date

scope="col" style="width: 120px;" | Incumbent

scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 | Party

scope="col" style="width: 120px;" | Winner

scope="col" style="width: 50px;" colspan=2 | Party

scope="col" style="width: 500px;" | Cause

bgcolor="plum"

|Rochester and Strood{{efn|name=no}}

|20 November 2014

|Mark Reckless

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Mark Reckless

| {{Party name with colour|UKIP}}

|Sought re-election upon change of party allegiance.{{cite news |date=27 September 2014 |title=Mark Reckless defects to UKIP from Tories |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29394697 |url-status=live |access-date=27 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140927135012/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29394697 |archive-date=27 September 2014}}

Heywood and Middleton{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|9 October 2014{{cite news|title=Second by-election set to be held on 9 October|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29143285|access-date=10 September 2014|work=BBC News|date=10 September 2014|archive-date=10 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910110658/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29143285|url-status=live}}

|Jim Dobbin

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Liz McInnes

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Death (acute alcohol toxicity with food aspiration).{{cite news |last=Thacker |first=Simon |date=21 January 2015 |title=Middleton and Heywood MP Jim Dobbin died after consuming fatal amount of Polish spirits, inquest rules |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/middleton-heywood-mpjim-dobbin-died-8491335 |url-status=live |access-date=27 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121235657/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/middleton-heywood-mpjim-dobbin-died-8491335 |archive-date=21 January 2015}}

bgcolor="plum"

|Clacton{{efn|name=yes}}

|9 October 2014{{cite news|title=Clacton by-election to take place on 9 October|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29029022|access-date=2 September 2014|work=BBC News|date=2 September 2014|archive-date=28 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428144659/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-29029022|url-status=live}}

|Douglas Carswell

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Douglas Carswell

| {{Party name with colour|UKIP}}

|Sought re-election upon change of party allegiance.{{cite news |date=28 August 2014 |title=Tory MP Douglas Carswell defects to Ukip and forces byelection |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/aug/28/douglas-carswell-ukip-defects-tory-mp-byelection |url-status=live |access-date=28 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828144821/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/aug/28/douglas-carswell-ukip-defects-tory-mp-byelection |archive-date=28 August 2014}}

Newark{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|5 June 2014{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-27237419 | title=Patrick Mercer 'deliberately evaded' MPs' rules, watchdog finds | work=BBC News | date=1 May 2014 | access-date=2 May 2014 | archive-date=3 May 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503090215/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-27237419 | url-status=live }}

|Patrick Mercer

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Robert Jenrick

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Resignation after Standards Committee recommended suspension for six months for breaching paid advocacy rules.{{cite news |date=29 April 2014 |title=Former Tory MP Mercer resigns after Commons suspension |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-27208966 |url-status=live |access-date=29 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430224954/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-27208966 |archive-date=30 April 2014}}

Wythenshawe and Sale East{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|13 February 2014{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-25816984 | title=Wythenshawe and Sale East by-election date announced | work=BBC News | date=20 January 2014 | access-date=29 April 2014 | archive-date=28 March 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328135649/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-25816984 | url-status=live }}

|Paul Goggins

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Mike Kane

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Death (stroke/haemorrhage).{{cite news |author=Linton, Deborah |date=8 January 2014 |title=Labour MP Paul Goggins, 60, dies in hospital |work=Manchester Evening News |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/paul-goggins-mp-wythenshawe-sale-6479071 |url-status=dead |access-date=29 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106110036/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/paul-goggins-mp-wythenshawe-sale-6479071 |archive-date=6 January 2016}}

South Shields{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|2 May 2013

|David Miliband

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Emma Lewell-Buck

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Resignation to join International Rescue Committee.{{cite news |author=Watt, Nicholas |date=27 March 2013 |title=David Miliband to step down as MP |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2013/mar/26/david-miliband-step-down-mp |url-status=live |access-date=29 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213193732/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2013/mar/26/david-miliband-step-down-mp |archive-date=13 December 2013}}

Mid Ulster{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|7 March 2013

|Martin McGuinness

| {{Party name with colour|Sinn Féin}}

|Francie Molloy

| {{Party name with colour|Sinn Féin}}

|Resignation to end 'double-jobbing' as MP and Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly.{{cite news |date=30 December 2012 |title=Sinn Fein's Martin McGuinness resigns as Mid-Ulster MP |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20871049 |url-status=live |access-date=31 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405031602/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20871049 |archive-date=5 April 2018}}

Eastleigh{{efn|name=hold-no}}

|28 February 2013

|Chris Huhne

| {{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}

|Mike Thornton

| {{Party name with colour|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}

|Resignation following pleading guilty to perverting the course of justice.{{cite web |author= |date=1 March 2013 |title=Eastleigh by-election: Lib Dems hold on despite UKIP surge |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-21625726 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301065218/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-21625726 |archive-date=1 March 2013 |access-date=9 January 2021 |publisher=BBC News}}

Croydon North{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|29 November 2012

|Malcolm Wicks

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

| Steve Reed

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Death (cancer).{{cite news |author=Langdon, Julia |date=30 September 2012 |title=Malcolm Wicks obituary |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/sep/30/malcolm-wicks |url-status=live |access-date=15 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416143549/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2012/sep/30/malcolm-wicks |archive-date=16 April 2019}}{{cite news |date=30 November 2012 |title=Croydon North by-election: Labour's Steve Reed secures win |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-20544539 |url-status=live |access-date=30 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007210911/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-20544539 |archive-date=7 October 2018}}

Middlesbrough{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|29 November 2012

|Stuart Bell

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Andy McDonald

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Death (cancer).{{cite news |date=13 October 2012 |title=Middlesbrough MP Sir Stuart Bell dies, aged 74 |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-19936270 |url-status=live |access-date=21 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010043738/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-19936270 |archive-date=10 October 2018}}

Rotherham{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|29 November 2012

|Denis MacShane

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Sarah Champion{{cite news|url=http://www.itv.com/news/story/2012-11-29/middlesbrough-croydon-north-rotherham-by-elections/|title=Champion secures clear victory|date=30 November 2012|work=ITV News|access-date=30 November 2012|archive-date=30 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130031700/http://www.itv.com/news/story/2012-11-29/middlesbrough-croydon-north-rotherham-by-elections/|url-status=live}}

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Resignation after Standards and Privileges Committee recommended suspension for 12 months for claiming false expenses (United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal).{{cite news |date=2 November 2012 |title=MP's expenses: Denis MacShane resigns as MP |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-20178332#TWEET329239 |url-status=live |access-date=2 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728185455/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-20178332#TWEET329239 |archive-date=28 July 2018}}

Cardiff South and Penarth{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|15 November 2012

|Alun Michael

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Stephen Doughty

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Resignation to contest South Wales Police and Crime Commissioner election.{{cite web |author= |date=15 July 2012 |title=Oxfam boss Stephen Doughty is Labour by-election candidate |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-18847945 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121032742/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-18847945 |archive-date=21 January 2021 |access-date=9 January 2021 |publisher=BBC News}}{{cite web |author= |date=16 November 2012 |title=Labour victory in Cardiff South and Penarth by-election |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-20342214 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314190931/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-20342214 |archive-date=14 March 2021 |access-date=9 January 2021 |publisher=BBC News}}

bgcolor=pink

|Corby{{efn|name=no}}

|15 November 2012{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-20345196 | title=By-elections: Labour takes Corby from Conservatives | work=BBC News | date=16 November 2012 | access-date=29 April 2014 | archive-date=16 November 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116034118/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-20345196 | url-status=live }}

|Louise Mensch

| {{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}

|Andy Sawford

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Resignation for family reasons.{{cite news |last=Cronin |first=Kate |date=6 August 2012 |title=Louise Mensch resigns as Corby and East Northamptonshire MP |work=Northamptonshire Telegraph |url=http://www.northantstelegraph.co.uk/news/local/exclusive-louise-mensch-resigns-as-corby-and-east-northamptonshire-mp-1-4132714 |url-status=live |access-date=16 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504001415/https://www.northantstelegraph.co.uk/news/local/exclusive-louise-mensch-resigns-as-corby-and-east-northamptonshire-mp-1-4132714 |archive-date=4 May 2022}}

Manchester Central{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|15 November 2012

|Tony Lloyd

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Lucy Powell

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Resignation to contest Greater Manchester Police and Crime Commissioner election.{{cite web |author= |date=16 November 2012 |title=Labour's Lucy Powell wins Manchester Central election |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-20346068 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209050802/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-20346068 |archive-date=9 December 2016 |access-date=9 January 2021 |publisher=BBC News}}

bgcolor="#CEF2E0"

|Bradford West{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/bookies-lose-out-in-galloway-rout-7602911.html|title=Bookies lose out in Galloway rout|last=Sculthorpe|first=Tim|date=30 March 2012|work=The Independent|accessdate=30 March 2012|archive-date=31 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331234608/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/bookies-lose-out-in-galloway-rout-7602911.html|url-status=dead}}{{efn|name=no}}

|29 March 2012

|Marsha Singh

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|George Galloway

| {{Party name with colour|Respect Party}}

|Resignation (serious health problems).{{cite news |date=1 March 2012 |title=Bradford West MP Marsha Singh to stand down |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-17218405 |url-status=live |access-date=31 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010033435/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-17218405 |archive-date=10 October 2018}}

Feltham and Heston{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|15 December 2011

|Alan Keen

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Seema Malhotra

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Death (cancer).{{cite news |author=Hope, Christopher |date=14 November 2011 |title=Labour MP Alan Keen dies at 73 |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/8888317/Labour-MP-Alan-Keen-dies-at-73.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=2 June 2014 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/labour/8888317/Labour-MP-Alan-Keen-dies-at-73.html |archive-date=12 January 2022}}{{cbignore}}

Inverclyde{{efn|name=hold-no}}

|30 June 2011{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-13694844 |title=Inverclyde Westminster by-election date set |date=8 June 2011 |work=BBC News |access-date=8 June 2011 |archive-date=8 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608112654/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-13694844 |url-status=live }}

|David Cairns

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Iain McKenzie

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Death (pancreatitis).

Belfast West{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|9 June 2011{{cite web |url=http://www.eoni.org.uk/notice_of_election_-_parliamentary_by-election_9_june_2011.pdf |title=Notice of election |date=19 May 2011 |work=Belfast Area Electoral Office |access-date=19 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721205323/http://www.eoni.org.uk/notice_of_election_-_parliamentary_by-election_9_june_2011.pdf |archive-date=21 July 2011 }}

|Gerry Adams

| {{Party name with colour|Sinn Féin}}

|Paul Maskey

| {{Party name with colour|Sinn Féin}}

|Resignation (to contest Louth in the Irish general election).{{cite news |date=26 January 2011 |title=John Bercow says Gerry Adams is not an MP |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-12294406 |url-status=live |access-date=31 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110127092833/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-12294406 |archive-date=27 January 2011}}

Leicester South{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|5 May 2011

|Peter Soulsby

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Jon Ashworth

| {{Party name with colour|Labour and Co-operative Party}}

|Resignation (to contest the mayoralty of Leicester).{{cite web |date=5 March 2011 |title=Sir Peter Soulsby to stand down as MP following selection as Labour's Mayoral Candidate |url=http://www.eastmidslabour.org.uk/sir-peter-soulsby-to-stand-down-as-mp-following-selection-as-lab |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321003528/http://www.eastmidslabour.org.uk/sir-peter-soulsby-to-stand-down-as-mp-following-selection-as-lab |archive-date=21 March 2012 |publisher=Labour East Midlands}}

Barnsley Central{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|3 March 2011{{cite news|url=http://news.sky.com/skynews/Article/201009115926253|title=Politician Quits After Expenses Scandal|author=Craig, Jon|work=Sky News|date=8 February 2011|access-date=31 August 2014|archive-date=11 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110211204225/http://news.sky.com/skynews/Article/201009115926253|url-status=live}}

|Eric Illsley

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}{{efn|Eric Illsley was elected as a Labour MP from 1987 and was re-elected at every subsequent general election as a Labour candidate, but was suspended by the Labour Party shortly afterwards after being charged with fraud arising from the United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal.}}

|Dan Jarvis

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Resignation after pleading guilty to false accounting (United Kingdom Parliamentary expenses scandal).{{cite news |date=12 January 2011 |title=MPs' expenses: Eric Illsley is to stand down as MP |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12174117 |url-status=live |access-date=12 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616050809/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12174117 |archive-date=16 June 2019}}

Oldham East and Saddleworth{{efn|name=hold-yes}}

|13 January 2011

|Phil Woolas

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Debbie Abrahams

| {{Party name with colour|Labour Party (UK)}}

|Void election under the Representation of the People Act 1983; found to personally have made false statements of fact concerning a candidate.{{cite news |date=5 November 2010 |title=Judges order election re-run in ex-minister's seat |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11699888 |url-status=live |access-date=5 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514200322/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11699888 |archive-date=14 May 2021}}

List of United Kingdom by-elections (2010–present)#2019–present Parliament

Process of resignation from the House of Commons

Recall petition

By-elections

=2024–present Parliament=

=2019–2024 Parliament=

=2017–2019 Parliament=

=2015–2017 Parliament=

=2010–2015 Parliament=

Notes

References

See also