List of gomphothere fossils in South America#Peru
{{Short description|none}}
{{Location map+ | South America
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in South America, modern classification by Mothé et al
10px Amahuacatherium peruvium
10px Cuvieronius hyodon
10px Notiomastodon platensis
10px Gomphotheriidae indet.
| places =
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -28.592333
| lon_deg = -59.050749
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.602033
| lon_deg = -59.226328
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= L
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -26.685585
| lon_deg = -60.742696
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= A
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -27.470520
| lon_deg = -58.937705
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= B
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -27.253560
| lon_deg = -61.178988
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= C
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -31.859752
| lon_deg = -58.262188
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -27.696097
| lon_deg = -64.281252
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= RD
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -37.848056
| lon_deg = -57.50555
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= SC
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.366232
| lon_deg = -60.173969
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= SN
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -35.483333
| lon_deg = -57.146389
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= PP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -22.256921
| lon_deg = -63.751503
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Q
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -39.002500
| lon_deg = -61.581111
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= PdB
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.016667
| lon_deg = -61.8
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= RC
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -26.852778
| lon_deg = -65.708333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ta
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -31.92
| lon_deg = -64.575
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= VR
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -32.152516
| lon_deg = -58.286079
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= AP
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -36.35
| lon_deg = -60.016667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -31.668332
| lon_deg = -60.739722
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= BS
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -30.383333
| lon_deg = -58.75
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= AF
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -31.965867
| lon_deg = -64.621970
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= O
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -21.531667
| lon_deg = -64.731111
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -19.583333
| lon_deg = -64.916667
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= RR
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -17.506804
| lon_deg = -68.496702
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= U
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -20.867291
| lon_deg = -63.078985
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ñ
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -17.817528
| lon_deg = -65.959242
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= A
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -19.546706
| lon_deg = -65.473614
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= B
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -19.755039
| lon_deg = -63.458377
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= V
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -10.424847
| lon_deg = -66.336817
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= C
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -21.274799
| lon_deg = -63.483829
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= VM
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.986364
| lon_deg = -38.238169
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -7.955430
| lon_deg = -36.231205
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.751948
| lon_deg = -39.833776
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.077985
| lon_deg = -39.129728
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -9.367445
| lon_deg = -40.696131
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -11.960978
| lon_deg = -40.221745
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= BG
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.651146
| lon_deg = -42.141968
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= JB
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.931671
| lon_deg = -42.599888
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= G
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -11.013226
| lon_deg = -41.433435
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= B
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -10.740519
| lon_deg = -41.223878
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= O
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -14.803190
| lon_deg = -40.816624
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= S
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -15.871763
| lon_deg = -43.298008
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= J
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -20.356390
| lon_deg = -45.668981
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= GI
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -17.801912
| lon_deg = -41.792223
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -19.508880
| lon_deg = -44.013526
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -5.593518
| lon_deg = -37.833156
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LE
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -21.259722
| lon_deg = -56.640556
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= JF
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -9.501520
| lon_deg = -37.779837
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -29.681312
| lon_deg = -56.842889
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= TP
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.903056
| lon_deg = -37.826944
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= I
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.530797
| lon_deg = -36.686286
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LG
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.181345
| lon_deg = -36.192583
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -3.453268
| lon_deg = -39.618564
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= It
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -19.583333
| lon_deg = -46.916667
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= A
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -10.838039
| lon_deg = -65.019427
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= TA
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -13.921441
| lon_deg = -42.948035
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= SN
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -14.817000
| lon_deg = -41.003365
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -10.290833
| lon_deg = -37.988889
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -20.141206
| lon_deg = -40.223379
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= SG
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -7.214149
| lon_deg = -36.830529
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -24.651741
| lon_deg = -49.003563
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= UR
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -10.933463
| lon_deg = -69.641737
| mark = Red pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ac
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -22.261698
| lon_deg = -68.343428
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= RS
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.494137
| lon_deg = -70.755569
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.374579
| lon_deg = -71.655512
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.699966
| lon_deg = -71.228639
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.485611
| lon_deg = -70.694513
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.910262
| lon_deg = -70.531781
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -37.316921
| lon_deg = -72.545655
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= E
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.394913
| lon_deg = -71.075270
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -32.761505
| lon_deg = -70.754938
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= TB
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -36.094016
| lon_deg = -71.931799
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -40.563804
| lon_deg = -73.157133
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= O
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -39.812722
| lon_deg = -73.214489
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= RB
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.320587
| lon_deg = -71.392410
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= C
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.654669
| lon_deg = -71.897679
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Pa
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.654669
| lon_deg = -71.897679
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Te
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -31.748765
| lon_deg = -71.163271
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Li
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -41.504722
| lon_deg = -73.204444
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.443606
| lon_deg = -71.453501
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= La
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -32.563606
| lon_deg = -71.281864
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.039828
| lon_deg = -70.772442
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -36.601905
| lon_deg = -72.071512
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ch
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.393391
| lon_deg = -71.639023
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.540563
| lon_deg = -70.843530
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.244747
| lon_deg = -75.574828
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.433333
| lon_deg = -72.283333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.833333
| lon_deg = -73.016667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.583333
| lon_deg = -73.55
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.05
| lon_deg = -72.633333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.533333
| lon_deg = -73.366667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.633333
| lon_deg = -73.533333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.40833
| lon_deg = -75.49
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Sa
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.333333
| lon_deg = -74.35
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 12.230862
| lon_deg = -71.350724
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ca
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 3.216667
| lon_deg = -75.216667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= V
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 7.894167
| lon_deg = -72.503889
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Cú
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 7.416667
| lon_deg = -73.416667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 7.378056
| lon_deg = -72.6525
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.013056
| lon_deg = -73.673611
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.437778
| lon_deg = -75.200556
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 3.916667
| lon_deg = -75.25
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.521389
| lon_deg = -76.036389
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.394167
| lon_deg = -76.070278
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 3.577778
| lon_deg = -76.494444
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Y
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.283333
| lon_deg = -75.45
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Tu
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.494444
| lon_deg = -75.124167
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= R
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.985667
| lon_deg = -73.982889
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 14
= Ti
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.666667
| lon_deg = -73
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= C
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.333333
| lon_deg = -72.666667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= S
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.457778
| lon_deg = -74.634722
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= To
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 1.503056
| lon_deg = -77.135833
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= A
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 1.795278
| lon_deg = -77.165278
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 1.57
| lon_deg = -77.280556
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ta
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.61
| lon_deg = -76.078333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Tr
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 0.230380
| lon_deg = -78.175738
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= I
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -2.920158
| lon_deg = -79.069032
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= B
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -1.130764
| lon_deg = -80.774065
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 0.513534
| lon_deg = -77.855159
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 0.550121
| lon_deg = -77.951750
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= H
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.303867
| lon_deg = -78.409641
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.089766
| lon_deg = -78.447534
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -1.764836
| lon_deg = -78.669304
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.224994
| lon_deg = -78.405473
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.132258
| lon_deg = -78.439671
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.216667
| lon_deg = -78.4
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Q
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.117639
| lon_deg = -78.313584
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -2.216257
| lon_deg = -80.884420
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= TL
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -2.201158
| lon_deg = -80.832355
| mark = Brown pog.svg
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{{Location map~ | South America
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= G
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= P
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= CC
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| marksize = 8
= S
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -4.652834
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| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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| marksize = 8
= H
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| marksize = 8
= Ce
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -7.552030
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| marksize = 8
= Cu
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -14.355684
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| marksize = 8
= O
| position = left
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -15.5683
| lon_deg = -74.8281
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| marksize = 8
= J
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -71.94598627
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= A
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -76.769376
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| marksize = 8
= Q
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -12.595480
| lon_deg = -76.675125
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
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{{Location map~ | South America
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= C
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -66.197924
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| marksize = 8
= MG
| position = bottom
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.188638
| lon_deg = -67.928118
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Gu
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 8.637454
| lon_deg = -68.153824
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Z
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 11.961561
| lon_deg = -69.900145
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| marksize = 8
= PN
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 11.380902
| lon_deg = -69.682330
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Co
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 8.113191
| lon_deg = -67.597046
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| marksize = 8
= Ca
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.822566
| lon_deg = -70.057370
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.146004
| lon_deg = -70.106768
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
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}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.545565
| lon_deg = -69.138295
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -71.508732
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| marksize = 8
= EA
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -63.242697
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| marksize = 8
= M
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.980131
| lon_deg = -64.041711
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| marksize = 8
= MN
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}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.853841
| lon_deg = -63.334776
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= O
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -63.931513
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| marksize = 8
= Cm
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}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.557820
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=
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.192404
| lon_deg = -72.571538
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= SP
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}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 11.036198
| lon_deg = -72.271334
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= GS
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.880689
| lon_deg = -69.513167
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.933768
| lon_deg = -69.613362
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Q
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -69.673770
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= G
| position = bottom
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -67.380310
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= SJ
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -70.230550
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| marksize = 8
= LG
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.066667
| lon_deg = -69.333333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= C
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 11.498986
| lon_deg = -69.522225
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = right
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}}
This is a list of gomphothere fossils found in South America. Gomphotheres were elephant-like mammals that lived from the Middle Miocene (approximately 12 million years ago) to the Holocene (6000 years BP).
The following species have been described in twentieth and twenty-first century paleontological literature about South America.{{Cite book|title=History of Terrestrial Mammals in South America How South American Mammalian Fauna Changed from the Mesozoic to Recent Times |author=Defler, Thomas |isbn=9783319984490|oclc=1086568896|date = 2018-12-19|publisher=Springer }}
An alternative proposal is considered within the scientific community, listed below.
Modern classification
- Cuvieronius {{small|(Osborn 1923)}}
- C. hyodon {{small|(Fischer 1814)}} (type)
- Notiomastodon {{small|(Cabrera 1929)}}
- N. platensis {{small|(Mothé et al. 2012)}} (type)
Former classification
{{Location map+ | South America
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in South America, as reported
10px Amahuacatherium peruvium
10px Cuvieronius hyodon
10px C. tropicus
10px Haplomastodon sp.
10px H. chimborazi
10px H. guayasensis
10px H. waringi
10px cf. Notiomastodon (platensis)
10px Stegomastodon sp.
10px S. platensis
10px S. superbus
10px S. waringi
10px Haplomastodon & Stegomastodon
10px Cuvieronius & Haplomastodon
10px Haplomastodon & Notiomastodon
10px Cuvieronius, Notiomastodon & Stegomastodon
10px Gomphotheriidae indet.
| places =
{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -59.050749
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| marksize = 8
= T
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= L
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -60.742696
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| marksize = 8
= A
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -58.937705
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| marksize = 8
= B
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -61.178988
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| marksize = 8
= C
| position = left
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -31.859752
| lon_deg = -58.262188
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -64.281252
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| marksize = 8
= RD
| position = bottom
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -57.50555
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| marksize = 8
= SC
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -60.173969
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| marksize = 8
= SN
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -35.483333
| lon_deg = -57.146389
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| marksize = 8
= PP
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -22.256921
| lon_deg = -63.751503
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| marksize = 8
= Q
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -61.581111
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= PdB
| position = bottom
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -61.8
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= RC
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -26.852778
| lon_deg = -65.708333
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| marksize = 8
= Ta
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -31.92
| lon_deg = -64.575
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| marksize = 8
= VR
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -58.286079
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= AP
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -36.35
| lon_deg = -60.016667
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -31.668332
| lon_deg = -60.739722
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| marksize = 8
= BS
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -58.75
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= AF
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -31.965867
| lon_deg = -64.621970
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| marksize = 8
= O
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -64.731111
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= T
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= RR
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= U
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -63.078985
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= Ñ
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= A
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| marksize = 8
= B
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= V
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= C
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= VM
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{{Location map~ | South America
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=
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{{Location map~ | South America
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=
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.077985
| lon_deg = -39.129728
| mark = Yellow pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -9.367445
| lon_deg = -40.696131
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -11.960978
| lon_deg = -40.221745
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= BG
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.651146
| lon_deg = -42.141968
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= JB
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.931671
| lon_deg = -42.599888
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= G
| position = left
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -11.013226
| lon_deg = -41.433435
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= B
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -10.740519
| lon_deg = -41.223878
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= O
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -40.816624
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= S
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -15.871763
| lon_deg = -43.298008
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= J
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -20.356390
| lon_deg = -45.668981
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= GI
| position = bottom
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -17.801912
| lon_deg = -41.792223
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -19.508880
| lon_deg = -44.013526
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -5.593518
| lon_deg = -37.833156
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LE
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -56.640556
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| marksize = 8
= JF
| position = left
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -9.501520
| lon_deg = -37.779837
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| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -56.842889
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= TP
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -37.826944
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| marksize = 8
= I
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -8.530797
| lon_deg = -36.686286
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LG
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -36.192583
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| marksize = 8
=
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -3.453268
| lon_deg = -39.618564
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= It
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -19.583333
| lon_deg = -46.916667
| mark = Greenandorange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= A
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -10.838039
| lon_deg = -65.019427
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= TA
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -13.921441
| lon_deg = -42.948035
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= SN
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -14.817000
| lon_deg = -41.003365
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -10.290833
| lon_deg = -37.988889
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -20.141206
| lon_deg = -40.223379
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= SG
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -7.214149
| lon_deg = -36.830529
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = top
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -49.003563
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| marksize = 8
= UR
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -69.641737
| mark = Red pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ac
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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| lon_deg = -68.343428
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| marksize = 8
= RS
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.699966
| lon_deg = -71.228639
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.485611
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| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.910262
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| marksize = 8
=
| position = bottom
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| marksize = 8
= E
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.394913
| lon_deg = -71.075270
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| marksize = 8
= T
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -32.761505
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| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= TB
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -36.094016
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= P
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -40.563804
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| marksize = 8
= O
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -39.812722
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| marksize = 8
= RB
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{{Location map~ | South America
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| marksize = 8
= C
| position = left
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{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.654669
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= Pa
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{{Location map~ | South America
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= Te
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}}
{{Location map~ | South America
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= Li
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}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -41.504722
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= M
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}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.443606
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= La
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -32.563606
| lon_deg = -71.281864
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.039828
| lon_deg = -70.772442
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -36.601905
| lon_deg = -72.071512
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ch
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.393391
| lon_deg = -71.639023
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -33.540563
| lon_deg = -70.843530
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.244747
| lon_deg = -75.574828
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.433333
| lon_deg = -72.283333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.833333
| lon_deg = -73.016667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.583333
| lon_deg = -73.55
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.05
| lon_deg = -72.633333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.533333
| lon_deg = -73.366667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.633333
| lon_deg = -73.533333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 5.40833
| lon_deg = -75.49
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Sa
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.333333
| lon_deg = -74.35
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 12.230862
| lon_deg = -71.350724
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ca
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 3.216667
| lon_deg = -75.216667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= V
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 7.894167
| lon_deg = -72.503889
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Cú
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 7.416667
| lon_deg = -73.416667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 7.378056
| lon_deg = -72.6525
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.013056
| lon_deg = -73.673611
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.437778
| lon_deg = -75.200556
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 3.916667
| lon_deg = -75.25
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.521389
| lon_deg = -76.036389
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.394167
| lon_deg = -76.070278
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 3.577778
| lon_deg = -76.494444
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Y
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.283333
| lon_deg = -75.45
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Tu
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.494444
| lon_deg = -75.124167
| mark = Yellow pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= R
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.985667
| lon_deg = -73.982889
| mark = Blue-gold pog.svg
| marksize = 14
= Ti
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.666667
| lon_deg = -73
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= C
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.333333
| lon_deg = -72.666667
| mark = Yellow pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= S
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.457778
| lon_deg = -74.634722
| mark = Yellow pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= To
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 1.503056
| lon_deg = -77.135833
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= A
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 1.795278
| lon_deg = -77.165278
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 1.57
| lon_deg = -77.280556
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ta
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 4.61
| lon_deg = -76.078333
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Tr
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 0.230380
| lon_deg = -78.175738
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= I
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -2.920158
| lon_deg = -79.069032
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= B
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -1.130764
| lon_deg = -80.774065
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 0.513534
| lon_deg = -77.855159
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 0.550121
| lon_deg = -77.951750
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= H
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.303867
| lon_deg = -78.409641
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.089766
| lon_deg = -78.447534
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -1.764836
| lon_deg = -78.669304
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.224994
| lon_deg = -78.405473
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.132258
| lon_deg = -78.439671
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.216667
| lon_deg = -78.4
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Q
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -0.117639
| lon_deg = -78.313584
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -2.216257
| lon_deg = -80.884420
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= TL
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -2.201158
| lon_deg = -80.832355
| mark = Gold pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LC
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 0.529448
| lon_deg = -77.905296
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= QP
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -25.1
| lon_deg = -57.566667
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= G
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -23.822757
| lon_deg = -57.234862
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -11.100502
| lon_deg = -69.797568
| mark = Red pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= CC
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -15.300077
| lon_deg = -74.780001
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= S
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -4.652834
| lon_deg = -81.307103
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -4.907033
| lon_deg = -80.953416
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= H
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -6.872746
| lon_deg = -78.178030
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ce
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -7.552030
| lon_deg = -79.489461
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Cu
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -14.355684
| lon_deg = -75.708739
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= O
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -15.5683
| lon_deg = -74.8281
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= J
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -13.79123653
| lon_deg = -71.94598627
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= A
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -11.472322
| lon_deg = -76.769376
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Q
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -12.595480
| lon_deg = -76.675125
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= P
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -32.200141
| lon_deg = -54.059114
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= {{white|V}}
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = -34.752942
| lon_deg = -56.267021
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= C
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 6.576740
| lon_deg = -66.197924
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= MG
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.188638
| lon_deg = -67.928118
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Gu
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 8.637454
| lon_deg = -68.153824
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Z
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 11.961561
| lon_deg = -69.900145
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= PN
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 11.380902
| lon_deg = -69.682330
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Co
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 8.113191
| lon_deg = -67.597046
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Ca
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.822566
| lon_deg = -70.057370
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.146004
| lon_deg = -70.106768
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.545565
| lon_deg = -69.138295
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 8.462055
| lon_deg = -71.508732
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= EA
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.698838
| lon_deg = -63.242697
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= M
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.980131
| lon_deg = -64.041711
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= MN
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.853841
| lon_deg = -63.334776
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= O
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.243038
| lon_deg = -63.931513
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Cm
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.557820
| lon_deg = -70.643731
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.192404
| lon_deg = -72.571538
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= SP
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 11.036198
| lon_deg = -72.271334
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= GS
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.880689
| lon_deg = -69.513167
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
=
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.933768
| lon_deg = -69.613362
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= Q
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.029649
| lon_deg = -69.673770
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= G
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.915051
| lon_deg = -67.380310
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= SJ
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 9.621179
| lon_deg = -70.230550
| mark = Cyan pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= LG
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 10.066667
| lon_deg = -69.333333
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= C
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | South America
| lat_deg = 11.498986
| lon_deg = -69.522225
| mark = Greenandorange pog.svg
| marksize = 8
= T
| position = right
}}
}}
Original classification
- Gomphotheriidae
- Cuvieroniinae
- Cuvieronius {{small|(Osborn 1923)}}
- C. arellanoi {{small|(Ochoterena & Silva 1970)}}
- C. hyodon (=C. humboldti) {{small|(Fischer 1814)}} (type)
- C. priestleyi {{small|(Hay & Cook 1930)}}
- C. tarijensis {{small|(Cabrera 1929)}}
- C. tropicus {{small|(Cope 1884)}} (=C. oligobunis {{small|(Cope 1893)}})
- Haplomastodon {{small|(Hoffstetter 1950)}}
- H. chimborazi {{small|(Proaño 1922)}}
- H. guayasensis {{small|(Hoffstetter 1952)}}
- H. waringi {{small|(Holland 1920)}} (type)
- Notiomastodon {{small|(Cabrera 1929)}}
- N. ornatus (=S. platensis)
- N. platensis {{small|(Mothé et al. 2012)}} (type)
- N. vidali {{small|(Castellanos 1948)}}
- Stegomastodon {{small|(Pohlig 1912)}}
- S. mirificus {{small|(Leidy 1858)}} (= "S. successor, S. arizonae, S. texanus") (type)
- S. platensis {{small|(Ameghino 1888)}}
- S. primitivus {{small|(Osborn 1936)}} (=S. rexroadensis)
- S. superbus {{small|(Casamiguela et al. 1996)}}
- S. waringi {{small|(Hoffstetter 1950)}}
Gomphothere fossil finds
Formations are ordered according to their youngest age
= Argentina =
{{Location map+ | Argentina
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Argentina
10px Notiomastodon (cf) platensis
10px Stegomastodon sp.
10px S. platensis (TL)
10px S. superbus
10px S. waringi
10px Gomphotheriidae indet.
| places =
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -28.592333
| lon_deg = -59.050749
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = T
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -34.602033
| lon_deg = -59.226328
| mark = Turquoise pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = L
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -26.685585
| lon_deg = -60.742696
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = A
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -27.470520
| lon_deg = -58.937705
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = B
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -27.253560
| lon_deg = -61.178988
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = C
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -31.859752
| lon_deg = -58.262188
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -27.696097
| lon_deg = -64.281252
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = RD
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -37.848056
| lon_deg = -57.50555
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = SC
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -33.366232
| lon_deg = -60.173969
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = SN
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -35.483333
| lon_deg = -57.146389
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = PP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -22.256921
| lon_deg = -63.751503
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Q
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -39.002500
| lon_deg = -61.581111
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = PdB
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -33.016667
| lon_deg = -61.8
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = RC
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -26.852778
| lon_deg = -65.708333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Ta
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -31.92
| lon_deg = -64.575
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = VR
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -32.152516
| lon_deg = -58.286079
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = AP
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -36.35
| lon_deg = -60.016667
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -31.668332
| lon_deg = -60.739722
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = BS
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -30.383333
| lon_deg = -58.75
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = AF
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Argentina
| lat_deg = -31.965867
| lon_deg = -64.621970
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = O
| position = left
}}
}}
{{clear}}
= Bolivia =
{{Location map+ | Bolivia
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Bolivia
10px Cuvieronius hyodon (="C. andinum")
10px Notiomastodon platensis
10px Stegomastodon sp.
10px Cuvieronius, Notiomastodon & Stegomastodon
| places =
{{Location map~ | Bolivia
| lat_deg = -21.531667
| lon_deg = -64.731111
| mark = Yellow-brown-blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = T
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Bolivia
| lat_deg = -19.583333
| lon_deg = -64.916667
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = RR
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Bolivia
| lat_deg = -17.506804
| lon_deg = -68.496702
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = U
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Bolivia
| lat_deg = -20.867291
| lon_deg = -63.078985
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Ñ
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Bolivia
| lat_deg = -17.817528
| lon_deg = -65.959242
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = A
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Bolivia
| lat_deg = -19.546706
| lon_deg = -65.473614
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = B
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Bolivia
| lat_deg = -19.755039
| lon_deg = -63.458377
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = V
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Bolivia
| lat_deg = -10.424847
| lon_deg = -66.336817
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = C
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Bolivia
| lat_deg = -21.274799
| lon_deg = -63.483829
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = VM
| position = bottom
}}
}}
{{clear}}
= Brazil =
{{Location map+ | Brazil
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Brazil
10px Amahuacatherium peruvium
10px Haplomastodon sp.
10px H. chimborazi
10px Notiomastodon platensis
10px Stegomastodon waringi
10px Haplomastodon & Notiomastodon
10px Haplomastodon & Stegomastodon
10px Gomphotheriidae indet.
| places =
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -8.986364
| lon_deg = -38.238169
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -7.955430
| lon_deg = -36.231205
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -8.751948
| lon_deg = -39.833776
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -8.077985
| lon_deg = -39.129728
| mark = Yellow pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -9.367445
| lon_deg = -40.696131
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -11.960978
| lon_deg = -40.221745
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = BG
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -8.651146
| lon_deg = -42.141968
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = JB
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -8.931671
| lon_deg = -42.599888
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = G
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -11.013226
| lon_deg = -41.433435
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = B
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -10.740519
| lon_deg = -41.223878
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = O
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -14.803190
| lon_deg = -40.816624
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = S
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -15.871763
| lon_deg = -43.298008
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = J
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -20.356390
| lon_deg = -45.668981
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = GI
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -17.801912
| lon_deg = -41.792223
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -19.508880
| lon_deg = -44.013526
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = LP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -5.593518
| lon_deg = -37.833156
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = LE
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -21.259722
| lon_deg = -56.640556
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = JF
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -9.501520
| lon_deg = -37.779837
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -29.681312
| lon_deg = -56.842889
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = TP
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -8.903056
| lon_deg = -37.826944
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = I
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -8.530797
| lon_deg = -36.686286
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = LG
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -8.181345
| lon_deg = -36.192583
| mark = Yellow-purple dot.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -3.453268
| lon_deg = -39.618564
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = It
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -19.583333
| lon_deg = -46.916667
| mark = Greenandorange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = A
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -10.838039
| lon_deg = -65.019427
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = TA
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -13.921441
| lon_deg = -42.948035
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = SN
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -14.817000
| lon_deg = -41.003365
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -10.290833
| lon_deg = -37.988889
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -20.141206
| lon_deg = -40.223379
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = SG
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -7.214149
| lon_deg = -36.830529
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = T
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -24.651741
| lon_deg = -49.003563
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = UR
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Brazil
| lat_deg = -10.933463
| lon_deg = -69.641737
| mark = Red pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Ac
| position = bottom
}}
}}
{{clear}}
= Chile =
{{Location map+ | Chile
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Chile
10px Cuvieronius hyodon
10px Stegomastodon sp.
10px Gomphotheriidae indet.
| places =
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -22.261698
| lon_deg = -68.343428
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = RS
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -33.494137
| lon_deg = -70.755569
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -33.374579
| lon_deg = -71.655512
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -33.699966
| lon_deg = -71.228639
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -33.485611
| lon_deg = -70.694513
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -34.910262
| lon_deg = -70.531781
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -37.316921
| lon_deg = -72.545655
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = E
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -34.394913
| lon_deg = -71.075270
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = T
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -32.761505
| lon_deg = -70.754938
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = TB
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -36.094016
| lon_deg = -71.931799
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -40.563804
| lon_deg = -73.157133
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = O
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -39.812722
| lon_deg = -73.214489
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = RB
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -33.320587
| lon_deg = -71.392410
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = C
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -34.654669
| lon_deg = -71.897679
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Pa
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -34.654669
| lon_deg = -71.897679
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Te
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -31.748765
| lon_deg = -71.163271
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Li
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -41.504722
| lon_deg = -73.204444
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -33.443606
| lon_deg = -71.453501
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = La
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -32.563606
| lon_deg = -71.281864
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -33.039828
| lon_deg = -70.772442
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = LP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -36.601905
| lon_deg = -72.071512
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Ch
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -34.393391
| lon_deg = -71.639023
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Chile
| lat_deg = -33.540563
| lon_deg = -70.843530
| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = T
| position = right
}}
}}
class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 70%;" | |||||
Age | Formation | Location | Present elevation | Fossils | class="unsortable" | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rowspan=24 style="background-color: {{period color|pleistocene}};" | Pleistocene
| | {{convert|206|m|ft|abbr=on}} | C. hyodon (rev. Stegomastodon sp.) | {{center|Frassinetti & Alberdi, 2000, p.207 {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
| Tierras Blancas & Los Vilos, La Ligua, Valparaíso
| {{convert|943|m|ft|abbr=on}} | C. hyodon (rev. Stegomastodon sp.) | {{center| {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
| Parral, Cauquenes, Maule
| {{convert|150|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Cuvieronius hyodon | {{center|}} | ||||
| San Pablo de Tramalhué, Pilauco Bajo, Osorno
| {{convert|14|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Cuvieronius hyodon | {{center| {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
| Río Bueno, Valdivia
| {{convert|10|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Cuvieronius hyodon | {{center|}} | ||||
| Paredones & Colchagua
| {{convert|55|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Cuvieronius hyodon | {{center|}} | ||||
| Alto de Boroa, Temuco
| {{convert|131|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Cuvieronius hyodon | {{center|}} | ||||
| Limahuida, Río Choapa
| {{convert|282|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Cuvieronius hyodon | {{center|}} | ||||
| Casablanca
| {{convert|313|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Cuvieronius hyodon | {{center|}} | ||||
| Chillán
| {{convert|138|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Cuvieronius hyodon | {{center|Pardo et al., 2003, p.353}} | ||||
| Monte Verde
| {{convert|59|m|ft|abbr=on}} | C. hyodon (rev. Stegomastodon sp.) | {{center| {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
| Lagunillas, Valparaíso
| {{convert|212|m|ft|abbr=on}} | {{center|}} | ||||
| Catapilco, La Ligua
| {{convert|103|m|ft|abbr=on}} | {{center|}} | ||||
| Marchigüe, Colchagua
| {{convert|170|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|Frassinetti & Alberdi, 2005, p.103 {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
| El Trebal 1, Padre Hurtado, Metropolitan Region
| {{convert|424|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon platensis | {{center|Labarca et al., 2016}} | ||||
| Río Salado 1, Chiu Chiu
| {{convert|3012|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|López et al., 2010, p.13}} | ||||
Quebrada Quereo Fm.
| Quereo | {{convert|20|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|Labarca & Alcaraz, 2011, p.160}} | ||||
| Malloco, Santiago
| {{convert|482|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||||
| Algarrobo
| {{convert|5|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||||
| Melipilla
| {{convert|269|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||||
| Cerrillos, Santiago
| {{convert|516|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||||
| Chorro de la Vieja, Colchagua
| {{convert|1813|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||||
| Cachagua
| {{convert|5|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||||
| Estero de Coyanco, Laja
| {{convert|121|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||||
style="background-color: {{period color|pliocene}};" | Pliocene
| | Las Pozas/Chacabuco | {{convert|695|m|ft|abbr=on}} | C. tropicus (rev. Stegomastodon sp.) | {{center|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220516073151/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&taxon_no=45410&max_interval=Pliocene&country=Chile&is_real_user=1&basic=yes&type=view&match_subgenera=1 Las Pozas/Hacienda Chacabuco] at Fossilworks.org {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} |
{{clear}}
= Colombia =
{{Location map+ | Colombia
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Colombia
10px Haplomastodon sp.
10px H. chimborazi
10px H. waringi
10px Stegomastodon sp.
10px S. waringi
10px Cuvieronius & Haplomastodon
10px Gomphotheriidae indet.
| places =
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 6.244747
| lon_deg = -75.574828
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 6.433333
| lon_deg = -72.283333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 5.833333
| lon_deg = -73.016667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 5.583333
| lon_deg = -73.55
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 6.05
| lon_deg = -72.633333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 5.533333
| lon_deg = -73.366667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 5.633333
| lon_deg = -73.533333
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 5.40833
| lon_deg = -75.49
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Sa
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 4.333333
| lon_deg = -74.35
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 12.230862
| lon_deg = -71.350724
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Ca
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 3.216667
| lon_deg = -75.216667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = V
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 7.894167
| lon_deg = -72.503889
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Cú
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 7.416667
| lon_deg = -73.416667
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 7.378056
| lon_deg = -72.6525
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 6.013056
| lon_deg = -73.673611
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 4.437778
| lon_deg = -75.200556
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 3.916667
| lon_deg = -75.25
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 4.521389
| lon_deg = -76.036389
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 4.394167
| lon_deg = -76.070278
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 3.577778
| lon_deg = -76.494444
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Y
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 10.283333
| lon_deg = -75.45
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Tu
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 10.494444
| lon_deg = -75.124167
| mark = Yellow pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = R
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 4.985667
| lon_deg = -73.982889
| mark = Blue-gold pog.svg
| marksize = 14
| label = Ti
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 6.666667
| lon_deg = -73
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = C
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 6.333333
| lon_deg = -72.666667
| mark = Yellow pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = S
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 4.457778
| lon_deg = -74.634722
| mark = Yellow pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = To
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 1.503056
| lon_deg = -77.135833
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = A
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 1.795278
| lon_deg = -77.165278
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 1.57
| lon_deg = -77.280556
| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Ta
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Colombia
| lat_deg = 4.61
| lon_deg = -76.078333
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Tr
| position = left
}}
}}
{{clear}}
= Ecuador =
{{Location map+ | Ecuador
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Ecuador
10px Cuvieronius hyodon (TL)
10px Haplomastodon chimborazi
10px H. guayasensis
10px Gomphotheriidae indet.
| places =
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = 0.230380
| lon_deg = -78.175738
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = I
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -2.920158
| lon_deg = -79.069032
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = B
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -1.130764
| lon_deg = -80.774065
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = M
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = 0.513534
| lon_deg = -77.855159
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = LP
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = 0.550121
| lon_deg = -77.951750
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = H
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -0.303867
| lon_deg = -78.409641
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -0.089766
| lon_deg = -78.447534
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -1.764836
| lon_deg = -78.669304
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = P
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -0.224994
| lon_deg = -78.405473
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -0.132258
| lon_deg = -78.439671
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -0.216667
| lon_deg = -78.4
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Q
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -0.117639
| lon_deg = -78.313584
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -2.216257
| lon_deg = -80.884420
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = TL
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = -2.201158
| lon_deg = -80.832355
| mark = Gold pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = LC
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Ecuador
| lat_deg = 0.529448
| lon_deg = -77.905296
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = QP
| position = top
}}
}}
{{clear}}
= Paraguay =
{{Location map+ | Paraguay
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Location of gomphothere fossil finds in Paraguay
10px cf. Notiomastodon
10px Stegomastodon sp.
| places =
{{Location map~ | Paraguay
| lat_deg = -25.1
| lon_deg = -57.566667
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = G
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Paraguay
| lat_deg = -23.822757
| lon_deg = -57.234862
| mark = Brown pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = P
| position = right
}}
}}
class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 70%;" | |||||
Age | Formation | Location | Present elevation | Fossils | class="unsortable" | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rowspan=2 style="background-color: {{period color|pleistocene}};" | Pleistocene
| | General Bruguer/Riacho Negro, Presidente Hayes | {{convert|55|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|Hoffstetter, 1978Ríos et al., 2013 Báez et al., 2004[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905215028/http://fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&taxon_no=43258&max_interval=Quaternary&country=Paraguay&is_real_user=1&basic=yes&type=view&match_subgenera=1 General Bruguer/Riacho Negro] at Fossilworks.org {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
| Puerto Santa Rosa, San Pedro
| {{convert|72|m|ft|abbr=on}} | {{center|Ríos et al, 2014}} |
{{clear}}
= Peru =
{{Location map+ | Peru
| AlternativeMap = Peru physical map.svg
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Peru
10px Amahuacatherium peruvium
10px Cuvieronius hyodon
10px Stegomastodon sp. "=Haplomastodon"{{small|}}
10px S. waringi
| places =
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -11.100502
| lon_deg = -69.797568
| mark = Red pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = CC
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -15.300077
| lon_deg = -74.780001
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = S
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -4.652834
| lon_deg = -81.307103
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = T
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -4.907033
| lon_deg = -80.953416
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = H
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -6.872746
| lon_deg = -78.178030
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Ce
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -7.552030
| lon_deg = -79.489461
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Cu
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -14.355684
| lon_deg = -75.708739
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = O
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -15.5683
| lon_deg = -74.8281
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = J
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -13.79123653
| lon_deg = -71.94598627
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = A
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -11.472322
| lon_deg = -76.769376
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Q
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Peru
| lat_deg = -12.595480
| lon_deg = -76.675125
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = P
| position = left
}}
}}
class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 70%;" | |||||
Age | Formation | Location | Present elevation | Fossils | class="unsortable" | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rowspan=8 style="background-color: {{period color|tarantian}};" | Late Pleistocene
| | {{convert|3|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|Pujos & Salas, 2004a[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=145500 La Brea Talara] at Fossilworks.org}} | ||||
| Cupinisque Desert, La Libertad
| {{convert|2|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|}} | ||||
| Ocucaje, Ica
| {{convert|500|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|}} | ||||
| Quebrada El Jahuay, Arequipa
| {{convert|1|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center| {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
| La Huaca, Piura
| {{convert|17|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center| {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
| Ayusbamba, Cuzco
| {{convert|3500|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Cuvieronius hyodon | {{center|Alberdi et al., 2004, p.428}} | ||||
| Quipan, Canta, Lima
| {{convert|2200|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon waringi | {{center|Alberdi et al., 2004, p.446 {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
| Pasamayo Quarry, Lima
| {{convert|10|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon waringi | {{center|Alberdi et al., 2004, p.426}} | ||||
rowspan=2 style="background-color: {{period color|pleistocene}};" | Pleistocene
| | {{convert|750|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|Pujos & Salas, 2004b[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=144922 Sacaco 2] at Fossilworks.org}} | ||||
| Celendín, Cajamarca
| {{convert|2500|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=145508 Celendín] at Fossilworks.org}} | ||||
style="background-color: {{period color|tortonian}};" | Tortonian | Cerro Colorado, Madre de Dios | {{convert|300|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Amahuacatherium peruvium | {{center|Campbell et al., 2009, p.114}} |
{{clear}}
= Uruguay =
{{Location map+ | Uruguay
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Uruguay
10px Stegomastodon waringi
| places =
{{Location map~ | Uruguay
| lat_deg = -32.200141
| lon_deg = -54.059114
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = {{white|V}}
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Uruguay
| lat_deg = -34.752942
| lon_deg = -56.267021
| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = C
| position = bottom
}}
}}
class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 70%;" | |||||
Age | Formation | Location | Present elevation | Fossils | class="unsortable" | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background-color: {{period color|tarantian}};" | Late Pleistocene
| rowspan=2 | Dolores Fm. | Campo Viñoles, Cerro Largo | {{convert|105|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon waringi | {{center|Alberdi et al., 2007[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=139660 Campo Viñoles, Cerro Largo] at Fossilworks.org {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||||
style="background-color: {{period color|ionian}};" | Mid to Late Pleistocene
| Casil Quarry, Montevideo | {{convert|17|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon waringi | {{center|Gutiérrez et al., 2005Alvarenga et al., 2010 [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=120884 Casil Quarry] at Fossilworks.org}} |
{{clear}}
= Venezuela =
{{Location map+ | Venezuela
| relief = 1
| width = 330
| caption = Locations of gomphothere fossil finds in Venezuela
10px ?Cuvieronius sp.
10px Haplomastodon chimborazi
10px H. sp. &/= Stegomastodon waringi
10px Stegomastodon sp.
10px Gomphotheriidae indet.
| places =
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 6.576740
| lon_deg = -66.197924
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = MG
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 10.188638
| lon_deg = -67.928118
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Gu
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 8.637454
| lon_deg = -68.153824
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Z
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 11.961561
| lon_deg = -69.900145
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = PN
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 11.380902
| lon_deg = -69.682330
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Co
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 8.113191
| lon_deg = -67.597046
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Ca
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 9.822566
| lon_deg = -70.057370
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 10.146004
| lon_deg = -70.106768
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 10.545565
| lon_deg = -69.138295
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 8.462055
| lon_deg = -71.508732
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = EA
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 9.698838
| lon_deg = -63.242697
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = M
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 9.980131
| lon_deg = -64.041711
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = MN
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 9.853841
| lon_deg = -63.334776
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = O
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 10.243038
| lon_deg = -63.931513
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Cm
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 9.557820
| lon_deg = -70.643731
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 10.192404
| lon_deg = -72.571538
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = SP
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 11.036198
| lon_deg = -72.271334
| mark = White pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = GS
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 9.880689
| lon_deg = -69.513167
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label =
| position = left
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 9.933768
| lon_deg = -69.613362
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = Q
| position = top
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 10.029649
| lon_deg = -69.673770
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = G
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 9.915051
| lon_deg = -67.380310
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = SJ
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 9.621179
| lon_deg = -70.230550
| mark = Cyan pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = LG
| position = bottom
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 10.066667
| lon_deg = -69.333333
| mark = Orange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = C
| position = right
}}
{{Location map~ | Venezuela
| lat_deg = 11.498986
| lon_deg = -69.522225
| mark = Greenandorange pog.svg
| marksize = 12
| label = T
| position = right
}}
}}
class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 70%;" | |||||
Age | Formation | Location | Present elevation | Fossils | class="unsortable" | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rowspan=24 style="background-color: {{period color|tarantian}};" | Late Pleistocene
| | Cucuruchú, Barquisimeto | {{convert|566|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Haplomastodon chimborazi ("=Stegomastodon") | {{center|[https://web.archive.org/web/20220516073146/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&taxon_no=247634&max_interval=Quaternary&country=Venezuela&is_real_user=1&basic=yes&type=view&match_subgenera=1 Cucuruchu] at Fossilworks.org}} | |
Taima-Taima, Falcón | {{convert|40|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Haplomastodon sp., (=)Stegomastodon waringi | {{center|Morón, 2015 Bryan et al., 1978 [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=71282 Taima-Taima] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=71283 Taima-Taima Unit 1] at Fossilworks.org {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||
San Miguel, Lara | {{convert|998|m|ft|abbr=on}} | ?Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|Carrillo et al., 2008, p.252}} | ||
Quíbor, Lara | {{convert|694|m|ft|abbr=on}} | ?Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|}} | ||
Quebrada de Guadalupe, Lara | {{convert|590|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center|}} | ||
San Juan de los Morros, Guárico | {{convert|450|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Stegomastodon sp. | {{center| {{refn|group=note|name=Mothe}}}} | ||
Los Guamos, Trujillo | {{convert|1200|m|ft|abbr=on}} | ?Cuvieronius sp. | {{center|}} | ||
Minas de Guaniamo, Cedeño, Bolívar | {{convert|250|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Los Guayos, Guacara, Carabobo | {{convert|440|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Zanja de Lira, Cojedes | {{convert|70|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
La Ciénega, {{interlanguage link|Pueblo Nuevo, Falcón|lt=Pueblo Nuevo|es|Pueblo Nuevo (Falcón)}}, Falcón | {{convert|60|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Coro, Falcón | {{convert|28|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Camaguán, Guárico | {{convert|50|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Barbacoas, Lara | {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Carora, Lara | {{convert|425|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
La Cruz, Guardagallos, Quebrada del Totumo, Urdaneta, Lara | {{convert|185|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
El Anís, Mérida | {{convert|499|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Maturín, Monagas | {{convert|90|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Mundo Nuevo, Monagas | {{convert|900|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Orocual, Monagas | {{convert|145|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Cumanacoa, Sucre | {{convert|231|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Agua Viva, Trujillo | {{convert|120|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Serranía del Perijá, Zulia | {{convert|175|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} | ||
Minas de Guasare-Socuy, Zulia | {{convert|26|m|ft|abbr=on}} | Gomphotheriidae indet. | {{center|}} |
{{clear}}
Proposed reclassification
Some authors, Lucas, Mothé, Avilla et al., propose a reclassification of the South American gomphotheres as follows:Lucas, 2013Mothé et al., 2012Mothé et al., 2016aMothé et al., 2016b
- Stegomastodon {{small|(Pohlig, 1912)}} is an exclusively North American genus
- Haplomastodon {{small|(Hoffstetter 1950)}} is a South American genus, but synonymous with Notiomastodon {{small|(Cabrera 1929)}}
- as Notiomastodon was defined earlier, all Haplomastodon species should be considered part of Notiomastodon
- all formerly described species as Stegomastodon sp., Haplomastodon sp. and Notiomastodon sp. belong to a single species; Notiomastodon platensis
- Cuvieronius is the only remaining South American genus outside of Notiomastodon, containing the single local species C. hyodon
Other researchers as Labarca, Prado and Alberdi agree with the placement of species into Notiomastodon, but reject the idea of a single species. They continue to use Stegomastodon waringi for South American gomphotheres from Chile.
= Evolution =
- Lucas (2010, 2013) proposes that Notiomastodon evolved from Cuvieronius inside South America
- Mothé et al. (2012, 2015, 2016) propose that Notiomastodon and Cuvieronius reached South America in two separate migration wavesMothé & Avilla, 2015, p.33
Gallery
File:Gomphotheriidae.png|Global distribution Gomphotheriidae
File:Cuvieronius hyodon Mexico.png|Cuvieronius hyodon
File:HaplomastodonPisa.JPG|Notiomastodon
File:Notiomastodon paleoreconstruction.png|Notiomastodon
File:Stegomastodon and Notiomastodon skeletals.png|Notiomastodon and Stegomastodon
File:Manada de Gonfoterios (Parque chuyaca - Osorno).jpg|Reconstructed gomphotheres, Osorno, Chile
{{clear}}
See also
{{div col|colwidth=29em}}
- Gomphothere
- Great American Biotic Interchange
- South American land mammal ages
- List of fossil primates of South America
{{div col end}}
Notes and references
{{Commons category|Gomphotheriidae}}
= Notes =
{{reflist|group=note}}
= References =
{{reflist|20em}}
==== Bibliography ====
Publications are in chronological order, most recent first, because of the advances in taxonomy and research
=== Publications South America ===
- {{cite journal |last1=Prado |first1=José Luis |last2=Alberdi |first2=María Teresa |last3=Azanza |first3=Beatriz |last4=Sánchez |first4=Begonia |last5=Frassinetti |first5=Daniel |year=2005 |title=The Pleistocene Gomphotheriidae (Proboscidea) from South America |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222975355|journal=Quaternary International |volume=126 |pages=21–30 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2004.04.012 |bibcode=2005QuInt.126...21P |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Prado |first1=José Luis |last2=Alberdi |first2=María Teresa |last3=Sánchez |first3=Begonia |last4=Azanza |first4=Beatriz |year=2003 |title=Diversity of the Pleistocene Gomphotheres (Gomphotheriidae, Proboscidea) from South America |url=http://www.hetnatuurhistorisch.nl/fileadmin/user_upload/documents-nmr/Publicaties/Deinsea/Deinsea_09/DSA9_024_Prado_347-363.pdf |journal=Deinsea |volume=9 |pages=347–363 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Alberdi |first1=María Teresa |last2=Prado |first2=José Luis |year=1995 |title=Los mastodontes de América Del Sur |url=https://www.academia.edu/1037850 |journal=Monografías Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC |volume=12 |pages=277–292 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Marshall |first1=Larry G. |last2=Berta |first2=Annalisa |author3-link=Robert Hoffstetter |last3=Hoffstetter |first3=Robert |last4=Pascual |first4=Rosendo |last5=Reig |first5=Osvaldo A. |last6=Bombin |first6=Miguel |last7=Mones |first7=Álvaro |year=1984 |title=Mammals and stratigraphy: geochronology of the continental mammal bearing Quaternary of South America |journal=Palaeovertebrata}}
=== Publications Argentina ===
- {{cite journal |last1=Krapovickas |first1=Jerónimo Matías |last2=Tauber |first2=Adan Alejo |year=2016 |title=Estratigrafía de las áreas cumbrales de las Sierras Pampeanas de Córdoba: geocronología, modelo regional, paleoambiente y paleoclima en una región poco conocida de Argentina |url=http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1026-87742016000100105&lng=pt&nrm=iso |journal=Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas |volume=33 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite web |last1=Fajardo |first1=Dante |last2=Isla |first2=Federico Ignacio |last3=Iriondo |first3=Martín |last4=Kröhling |first4=Daniela |year=2013 |title=Lexico estratigráfico de la Argentina – Cuaternario |url=http://www.geologica.org.ar/archivos_usuarios/cuaternario.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122071719/http://www.geologica.org.ar/archivos_usuarios/cuaternario.pdf |archive-date=2018-01-22 |website=Asociación Geológica Argentina |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Prado |first1=José Luis |last2=Alberdi |first2=María Teresa |last3=Di Martino |first3=Vicente José |year=2012 |title=Équidos y gonfoterios del Pleistoceno Tardío del sudeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=49 |issue=4 |pages=623–641|doi=10.5710/AMGH.28.4.2011.559 |s2cid=131496147 }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Zacarías |first1=G.G. |last2=Miño Boilini |first2=A.R. |last3=Zurita |first3=A.E. |last4=Francia |first4=A. |year=2012 |title=Campamento Vespucio, una nueva localidad con mamíferos pleistocenos en la provincia de Salta, Argentina |url=http://estudiosgeol.revistas.csic.es/index.php/estudiosgeol/article/view/830/862 |journal=Estudios Geológicos |volume=68 |issue=2 |pages=277–285 |doi=10.3989/egeol.40472.147 |access-date=2017-05-07|doi-access=free |hdl=11336/25991 |hdl-access=free }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Chimento |first1=Nicolás R. |last2=Agnolin |first2=Federico L. |year=2011 |title=Mamíferos del pleistoceno superior de santiago del estero (Argentina) y sus afinidades paleobiogeográficas |journal=Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=83–100 |doi=10.1590/S0031-10492011000600001 |doi-access=free }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Tomassini |first1=Rodrigo L. |last2=Montalvo |first2=Claudia I. |last3=Manera |first3=Teresa |last4=Oliva |first4=Cristian |year=2010 |title=Estudio tafonómico de los mamíferos pleistocenos del yacimiento de Playa del Barco (Pehuen Co), provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0002-70142010000200001 |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=137–152 |doi=10.5710/AMGH.v47i2.5 |s2cid=129003421 |access-date=2017-05-07|hdl=11336/79516 |hdl-access=free }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Fernicola |first1=Juan Carlos |last2=Vizcaíno |first2=Sergio F. |last3=De Iulliis |first3=Gerardo |year=2009 |title=The fossil mammals collected by Charles Darwin in South America during his travels on board the HMS Beagle |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-48222009000100016 |journal=Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina |volume=64 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Alberdi |first1=María Teresa |last2=Prado |first2=José Luis |year=2008 |title=Presencia de Stegomastodon (Gomphotheriidae, Proboscidea) en el Pleistoceno Superior de la zona costera de Santa Clara del Mar (Argentina) |url=http://estudiosgeol.revistas.csic.es/index.php/estudiosgeol/article/viewFile/572/586 |journal=Estudios Geológicos |volume=64 |pages=175–185 |doi=10.3989/egeol.08642.044 |access-date=2017-05-07|doi-access=free |hdl=10261/17389 |hdl-access=free }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Alberdi |first1=María Teresa |last2=Cerdeño |first2=Esperanza |last3=Prado |first3=José Luis |year=2008 |title=Stegomastodon platensis (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae) en el Pleistoceno de Santiago del Estero, Argentina |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0002-70142008000200001 |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=45 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=Pomi |first=Lucas Horacio |year=2008 |title=Una nueva asociación de vertebrados fósiles de Edad Ensenadense (Plioceno tardío-Pleistoceno medio) de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/img/revistas/ameg/v45n2/html/v45n2a19.htm |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=45 |pages=503–510 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Vizcaíno |first1=Sergio F. |last2=Fernicola |first2=Juan C. |year=2008 |title=Las bestias fósiles de Mr. Darwin |url=http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/bitstream/handle/10915/47226/Documento_completo.pdf?sequence=1 |journal=Museo |volume=3 |pages=65–69 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Iriondo |first1=Martín |last2=Kröhling |first2=Daniela |year=2007 |title=Geomorphology and sedimentology of the upper basin of the Salado River (Southern Santa Fe and NW Buenos Aires provinces; Argentina) |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/pdf/lajsba/v14n1/v14n1a01.pdf |journal=Latin American Journal of Sedimentology and Basin Analysis |volume=14 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite web |last1=Miño Boilini |first1=Ángel R. |last2=Canteros |first2=Oscar A. |last3=Alcarez |first3=María A. |last4=Lutz |first4=Alicia I. |year=2005 |title=Últimos hallazgos de mamíferos fósiles del Arroyo Toropí (Pleistoceno Tardío-Holoceno Temprano) y revisión sistemática de los Toxodontidae cuaternarios de la provincia de Corrientes, Argentina |url=http://www.unne.edu.ar/unnevieja/Web/cyt/com2005/6-Biologia/B-009.pdf |website=Universidad Nacional del Nordeste |access-date=2017-05-07}}{{dead link|date=November 2022}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Zurita |first1=Alfredo E. |last2=Carlini |first2=Alfredo A. |last3=Scillato Yané |first3=Gustavo J. |last4=Tonni |first4=Eduardo P. |year=2004 |title=Mamíferos extintos del Cuaternario de la Provincia del Chaco (Argentina) y su relación con aquéllos del este de la región pampeana y de Chile |url=http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-02082004000100004 |journal=Revista Geológica de Chile |volume=31 |pages=65–87 |doi=10.4067/S0716-02082004000100004 |access-date=2017-05-07|doi-access=free |hdl=11336/59128 |hdl-access=free }}
- {{cite journal |last=Tonni |first=Eduardo P |year=1987 |title=Stegomastodon platensis (Mammalia, Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae) y la antigüedad de la Formación El Palmar en el Departamento Colon, Provincia de Entre Ríos, República de Argentina |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=2 |pages=323–324}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Tonni |first1=Eduardo P. |last2=Prado |first2=José Luis |last3=Menegaz |first3=Adriana N. |last4=Salemme |first4=Mónica G. |year=1985 |title=La Unidad Mamífero (Fauna) Lujanense. Proyección de la Estratigrafia Mamaliana al Cuaternario de la Región Pampeana |url=https://www.academia.edu/1308858 |journal=Ameghiniana |volume=22 |pages=255–261 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
=== Publications Bolivia ===
- {{cite journal |last1=MacFadden |first1=Bruce J. |last2=Shockey |first2=Bruce J. |year=1997 |title=Ancient Feeding Ecology and Niche Differentiation of Pleistocene Mammalian Herbivores from Tarija, Bolivia: Morphological and Isotopic Evidence |journal=Paleobiology |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=77–100 |doi=10.1017/S0094837300016651 |jstor=2401158 |bibcode=1997Pbio...23...77M |s2cid=88948874 }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Marshall |first1=Larry G. |last2=Sempere |first2=Thierry |year=1991 |title=The Eocene to Pleistocene vertebrates of Bolivia and their stratigraphic context – A review |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/32979728|journal=Revista técnica de YPFB |volume=12 |pages=631–652 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite book |last1=Boule |first1=Marcellin |last2=Thevenin |first2=A. |year=1920 |title=Mammifères fossiles de Tarija |url=https://archive.org/details/mammifresfossi00bouluoft |location=Paris |publisher=Imprimerie Nationale}}
=== Publications Brazil ===
- {{cite journal |last1=Parisi Dutra |first1=Rodrigo |last2=Velloso Missagia |first2=Rafaela |last3=Araujo Perini |first3=Fernando |last4=Cozzuol |first4=Mario Alberto |last5=Gasparini |first5=Germán Mariano |last6=Gonçalves Guedes |first6=Patricia |last7=De Oliveira Salles |first7=Leandro |year=2016 |title=Fossil peccaries of Late Pleistocene/Holocene (Cetartiodactyla, Tayassuidae) from underwater caves of Serra da Bodoquena (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289686470 |journal=Historical Biology |volume=29 |issue=1 |page=85 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2015.1125898 |bibcode=2017HBio...29...85P |hdl=11336/54277 |access-date=2017-05-07|hdl-access=free }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Souza Lobo |first1=Leonardo |last2=Saldanha Scherer |first2=Carolina |last3=Trindade Dantas |first3=Mário André |year=2015 |title=Megafauna do Pleistoceno Final de Matina, Bahia, Brasil: sistemática, cronologia e paleoecologia |url=http://www.sbpbrasil.org/assets/uploads/files/11_Lobo_et_al_pg325a338_site.pdf |journal=Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=325–338 |doi=10.4072/rbp.2015.2.11 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Asakura Bezerra de Oliveira |first1=Yumi |last2=Lopes da Silva |first2=Jorge Luiz |last3=Lopes da Silva |first3=Ana Paula |last4=Alves da Silva |first4=Elaine Pollyanne |last5=Cavalcante Omena |first5=Érica |year=2014 |title=Taphonomic and sedimentological aspects of the "Picos II" paleontological site, municipality of Piranhas, Alagoas, Brazil |url=https://peerj.com/preprints/644.pdf |journal=PeerJ |volume=644 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Kerber |first1=Leonardo |last2=Gregis Pitana |first2=Vanessa |last3=Ribeiro |first3=Ana María |last4=Schmaltz Hsiou |first4=Annie |last5=Oliveira |first5=Edison V. |year=2014 |title=Late Pleistocene vertebrates from Touro Passo Creek (Touro Passo Formation), southern Brazil: a review |url=http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/rmcg/v31n2/v31n2a8.pdf |journal=Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas |volume=31 |pages=248–259 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite web |last=De Souza Barbosa |first=Fernando Henrique |year=2013 |title=Análise paleopatológica em megafauna pleistocênica do Lajedo da Escada, Baraúna, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil |url=http://repositorio.ufpe.br/bitstream/handle/123456789/10411/DISSERTA%C3%87%C3%83O%20Fernando%20Henrique%20de%20Souza%20Barbosa.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |website=Universidade Federal de Pernambuco |access-date=2017-05-07}}{{dead link|date=November 2022}}
- {{cite journal |last1=De Araújo Júnior |first1=Hermínio Ismael |last2=Bissaro Júnior |first2=Marcos César |last3=Tavares dos Santos |first3=Tirla |last4=Da Silva Alves |first4=Rosembergh |last5=Paglarelli Bergqvist |first5=Lílian |year=2012 |title=Tafonomia da megafauna Pleistocênica Brasileira: Fluvial Transport Index (FTI) em análises de representatividade óssea |url=http://www.sbpbrasil.org/revista/edicoes/15_1/8_Araujo-Junior_et_al.pdf |journal=Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia |volume=15 |pages=95–104 |doi=10.4072/rbp.2012.1.08 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Ghilardi |first1=Aline Marcele |last2=Adorna Fernandes |first2=Marcelo |last3=Bichuette |first3=Maria Elina |year=2011 |title=Megafauna from the Late Pleistocene-Holocene deposits of the Upper Ribeira karst area, southeast Brazil |url=|doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2011.04.018 |journal=Quaternary International |volume=245 |issue=2 |pages=369–378 |bibcode=2011QuInt.245..369G }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Campbell |first1=Kenneth E. |last2=Frailey |first2=Carl D. |last3=Romero Pittman |first3=Lidia |year=2009 |title=In defense of Amahuacatherium (Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284672636 |journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen |volume=252 |pages=113–128 |doi=10.1127/0077-7749/2009/0252-0113 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Da Costa Ribeiro |first1=Ricardo |last2=De Souza Carvalho |first2=Ismar |year=2009 |title=Megafauna do Quaternário tardio de Baixa Grande, Bahia, Brasil |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/43245484|journal=Anuário do Instituto de Geociências |volume=32 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Oliveira |first1=Édison Vicente |last2=Franca Barreto |first2=Alcina M. |last3=Da Silva Alves |first3=Rosembergh |year=2009 |title=Aspectos sistemáticos, paleobiogeográficos e paleoclimáticos dos mamíferos quaternários de Fazenda Nova, PE, nordeste do Brasil |url=https://www.ufpe.br/ppgeoc/images/publicacoes/edison3.pdf |journal=Gaea: Journal of Geoscience |volume=5 |pages=75–85 |doi=10.4013/gaea.2009.52.04 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite web |last=Da Silva Alves |first=Rosembergh |year=2007 |title=Os mamíferos Pleistocênicos de Fazenda Nova, Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco: aspectos tafonômicos, taxonômicos e paleoambientais |url=http://repositorio.ufpe.br:8080/bitstream/handle/123456789/6492/arquivo6783_1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |website=Universidade Federal de Pernambuco |access-date=2017-05-07}}{{dead link|date=November 2022}}
- {{cite journal |last1=De Oliveira Porpino |first1=Kleberson |last2=Dos Santos Júnior |first2=Valdeci |last3=Ferreira dos Santos |first3=Maria de Fátima Cavalcante |year=2007 |title=Lajedo do Soledade, Apodi-RN, Ocorrência peculiar de megafauna fóssil quaternária no nordeste do Brasil |url=https://www.academia.edu/4777432 |journal=SIGEP |volume=127 |pages=403–412 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Trindade Dantas |first1=Mário André |last2=De L. Tasso |first2=M.A. |year=2007 |title=Megafauna do Pleistoceno final de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia: taxonomia e aspectos tafonômicos |journal=Scientia Plena |volume=3 |pages=30–36}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Trindade Dantas |first1=Mário André |last2=Zucon |first2=Maria Elena |year=2007 |title=Sobre a ocorrência de fósseis da megafauna do Pleistoceno final em Coronel João Sá, Bahia. Brasil |url=https://www.academia.edu/2546895 |journal=Revista UnG |volume=6 |pages=191–200 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=Cozzuol |first=Mario |year=2006 |title=The Acre vertebrate fauna: Age, diversity, and geography |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222357514 |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=185–203 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2006.03.005 |bibcode=2006JSAES..21..185C |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Marinho da Silva |first1=Fabiana |last2=Da Silva Alves |first2=Rosembergh |last3=Franca Barreto |first3=Alcina Magnólia |last4=Bezerra de Sá |first4=Fabrício |last5=Borges de Lins e Silva |first5=Ana Carolina |year=2006 |title=A megafauna Pleistocênica do Estado de Pernambuco |url=https://www.ufpe.br/estudosgeologicos/paginas/edicoes/2006162/2006162t04.pdf |journal=Estudos Geológicos |volume=16 |pages=55–66 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite conference |last1=Marinho da Silva |first1=Fabiana |last2=Franca Barreto |first2=Alcina Magnólia |last3=Bezerra de Sá |first3=Fabrício |last4=Borges de Lins e Silva |first4=Ana Carolina |year=2003 |title=Levantamento das ocorrências dos fósseis de mamíferos Quaternários do Estado de Pernambuco – resultados preliminares |url=http://www.abequa.org.br/trabalhos/quatcont_270.pdf |book-title=IX Congresso da Associação Brasileira de Estudos do Quaternário |access-date=2017-05-07 |language=pt-BR}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Alberdi |first1=María Teresa |last2=Prado |first2=José Luis |last3=Cartelle |first3=Cástor |year=2002 |title=El registro de Stegomastodon (Mammalia, Gomphotheriidae) en el Pleistoceno superior de Brasil |url=https://www.academia.edu/1037851 |journal=Revista Española de Paleontología |volume=17 |pages=217–235 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Guérin |first1=Claude |last2=Fauré |first2=Martine |last3=Simões |first3=Paulo R. |last4=Hugueney |first4=Marguerite |last5=Mourer Chauvire |first5=Cécile |year=1999 |title=Toca da Janela da Barra do Antonião, São Raimundo Nonato, PI – Rica fauna pleistocênica e registro da Pré-história brasileira |url=http://sigep.cprm.gov.br/sitio069/sitio069.pdf |journal=SIGEP |volume=69 |pages=131–137 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Lessa |first1=Gisele |last2=Cartelle |first2=Cástor |last3=Farias |first3=Helen D. |last4=Gonçalves |first4=Pablo R. |year=1998 |title=Novos achados de mamíferos carnívoros do Pleistoceno Final – Holoceno em grutas calcáreas do estado da Bahia |url=https://www.academia.edu/1153459 |journal=Acta Geologica Leopoldensia |volume=21 |pages=157–169 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=Guérin |first=Claude |year=1993 |title=La faune pléistocène de la Lagoa da Pedra à Conceição das Creoulas / Salgueiro, Pernambouc, Brésil |url=https://www.ufpe.br/clioarq/images/documentos/1993-N9/1993a2.pdf |journal=CLIO Série Arqueológica |volume=9 |pages=15–20 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Simpson |first1=George Gaylord |last2=Couto |first2=Carlos de Paula |year=1957 |title=The mastodonts of Brazil |journal=Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History |volume=112 |pages=129–189 |hdl=2246/434 }}
=== Publications Chile ===
- {{cite journal |last1=Labarca |first1=Rafael |last2=Alberdi |first2=María Teresa |last3=Prado |first3=José Luis |last4=Mansilla |first4=P. |last5=Mourgues |first5=F.A. |year=2016 |title=Nuevas evidencias acerca de la presencia de Stegomastodon platensis Ameghino, 1888, Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae, en el Pleistoceno tardío de Chile central |url=http://estudiosgeol.revistas.csic.es/index.php/estudiosgeol/article/view/941/1075 |journal=Estudios Geológicos |volume=72 |pages=e046 |doi=10.3989/egeol.42199.385 |access-date=2017-05-07|doi-access=free |hdl=10261/192918 |hdl-access=free }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Labarca E. |first1=Rafael |last2=Alcaraz |first2=M. Alejandra |year=2011 |title=Presencia de Antifer ultra Ameghino (=Antifer niemeyeri Casamiquela) (Artiodactyla, Cervidae) en el Pleistoceno tardío-Holoceno temprano de Chile central (30-35ºS) |url=http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/andgeol/v38n1/art08.pdf |journal=Andean Geology |volume=38 |pages=156–170 |doi=10.5027/andgeoV38n1-a09 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=López Mendoza |first1=Patricio |last2=Rojas |first2=Osvaldo |last3=Mansilla |first3=Pablo |last4=Olivares |first4=Luis |last5=Martínez |first5=Ismael |year=2010 |title=Mamíferos extintos del Pleistoceno de la Cuenca de Calama (Segunda Región, Chile). Viejas colecciones y nuevos hallazgos |url=http://tmgb.museucienciesjournals.cat/wp-content/blogs.dir/5/files/TMG-V17-pp-11-25.pdf |journal=Treballs del Museu de Geologia de Barcelona |volume=17 |pages=11–25 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Frassinetti |first1=D. |last2=Alberdi |first2=María Teresa |year=2005 |title=Presencia del género Stegomastodon entre los restos fósiles de mastodontes de Chile (Gomphotheriidae), Pleistoceno Superior |url=http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/2338/1/mastodontes.pdf |journal=Estudios Geológicos |volume=61 |issue=1–2 |pages=101–107 |doi=10.3989/egeol.05611-245 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Frassinetti |first1=D. |last2=Alberdi |first2=María Teresa |year=2000 |title=Revisión y estudio de los restos fósiles de mastodontes de Chile (Gomphotheriidae): Cuvieronius hyodon, Pleistoceno superior |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26580754 |journal=Estudios Geológicos |volume=56 |issue=3–4 |pages=197–208 |doi=10.3989/egeol.00563-4151 |access-date=2017-05-07|doi-access=free |hdl=10261/2346 |hdl-access=free }}
=== Publications Colombia ===
- {{cite journal |last=Pardo Jaramillo |first=Mauricio |year=2012 |title=Reporte del hallazgo de un cráneo de Stegostadon (sic) waringi (Holland, 1920) juvenil (Mammalia, Proboscidea) en la zona rural del municipio de Turbaná, Bolívar, Colombia |url=http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0370-39082012000200004 |journal=Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales |volume=36 |pages=203–210 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Páramo Fonseca |first1=María Euridice |last2=Escobar Quemba |first2=Ingrid Carolina |year=2010 |title=Restos mandibulares de mastodonte encontrados en cercanías de Cartagena, Colombia |url=http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/24535/1/21722-118331-1-PB.pdf |journal=Geología Colombiana |volume=35 |pages=50–57 |access-date=2017-05-07 |archive-date=2017-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806030039/http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/24535/1/21722-118331-1-PB.pdf |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Rodríguez Flórez |first1=Carlos David |last2=Rodríguez Flórez |first2=Ernesto León |last3=Rodríguez |first3=Carlos Armando |year=2009 |title=Revision of Pleistocenic Gomphotheriidae Fauna in Colombia and case report in the Department of Valle Del Cauca |url=http://200.21.104.25/boletincientifico/downloads/Boletin13(2)_COMPLETO.pdf |publisher=Museum Center – Natural History Museum |journal=Scientific Bulletin |volume=13 |pages=78–85 |access-date=2017-05-07 |archive-date=2011-07-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110704040203/http://200.21.104.25/boletincientifico/downloads/Boletin13(2)_COMPLETO.pdf |url-status=dead }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Villarroel A. |first1=Carlos S. |last2=Clavijo |first2=Jairo |year=2005 |title=Los Mamíferos fósiles y las edades de las sedimentitas continentales del Neógeno de la costa Caribe colombiana |url=http://studylib.es/doc/8468885/los-mam%C3%ADferos-f%C3%B3siles-y-las-edades-de-las-sedimentitas |journal=Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales |volume=XXIX |pages=345–356 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Villarroel A. |first1=Carlos S. |last2=Brieva B. |first2=Jorge |last3=Cadena |first3=Alberto |year=1996 |title=La Fauna de Mamíferos Fósiles del Pleistoceno de Jutua, Municipio de Soatá (Boyacá, Colombia) |url=http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/32086/1/31431-113911-1-PB.pdf |journal=Geología Colombiana |volume=21 |pages=81–87 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=Correal Urrego |first=Gonzalo |year=1990 |title=Evidencias culturales durante el Pleistocene y Holoceno de Colombia – Cultural evidences during the Pleistocene and Holocene of Colombia |journal=Revista de Arqueología Americana |volume=1 |pages=69–89 |url=http://peru.inka.free.fr/Runapacha/pleiscol.pdf |language=es |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=Van der Hammen |first=Thomas |year=1986 |title=Cambios medioambientales y la extinción del mastodonte en el norte de los Andes |journal=Revista de Antropología, Universidad de los Andes |volume=II |pages=27–34}}
- {{cite web |last=Hoffstetter |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Hoffstetter |year=1971 |title=Los vertebrados cenozóicos de Colombia: yacimientos, faunas, problemas planteados |url=http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/31246/1/30399-109998-1-PB.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406113114/http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/31246/1/30399-109998-1-PB.pdf |archive-date=2017-04-06 |website=Universidad Nacional de Colombia |pages=37–62 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=De Porta |first=Jaime |year=1969 |title=Les vertébrés fossiles de Colombie et les problèmes posés par l'isolemant du continent Sud-Américain |url=http://docplayer.fr/27698698-Les-vertebres-fossiles-de-colombie-et-les-problemes-poses-par-l-isolement-du-continent-sud-americain.html |journal=Palaeovertebrata |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=77–94 |doi=10.18563/pv.2.2.77-94 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=De Porta |first=Jaime |year=1961 |title=La posición estratigráfica de la fauna de Mamíferos del pleistoceno de la Sabana de Bogotá |url=http://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistaboletindegeologia/article/viewFile/4260/4556 |journal=Boletín de Geología, Universidad Industrial de Santander |volume=7 |pages=37–54 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite web |last=Bürgl |first=Hans |year=1956 |title=Restos de Megatherium y otros fósiles de Quipile, Cundinamarca |type=Catalog record |url=http://catalogo.sgc.gov.co/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=10457 |website=Servicio Geológico Nacional |access-date=2017-05-07}}
=== Publications Ecuador ===
- {{cite journal |last1=Lindsey |first1=Emily L. |last2=López R |first2=Eric X. |year=2015 |title=Tanque Loma, a new late-Pleistocene megafaunal tar seep locality from southwest Ecuador |url=http://ib.berkeley.edu/labs/barnosky/Lindsey%20and%20Lopez%202015.pdf |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=57 |pages=61–82 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2014.11.003 |bibcode=2015JSAES..57...61L |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=Ferretti |first=Marco P |year=2010 |title=Anatomy of Haplomastodon chimborazi (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from the late Pleistocene of Ecuador and its bearing on the phylogeny and systematics of South American gomphotheres |url=http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/g2010n4a3.pdf |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=32 |issue=4 |pages=663–721 |doi=10.5252/g2010n4a3 |s2cid=86792928 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite web |last=Carrión |first=José Luis Ramón |title=La Paleontología en el Ecuador; Historia y perspectivas |website=Escuela Politécnica Nacional |url=http://bibdigital.epn.edu.ec/bitstream/15000/3849/1/icbio_paleontologia_ecuador.pdf |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |author=G. Cantalamessa |author2=C. Di Celma |author3=G. Bianucci |author4=G. Carnevale |author5=M. Coltorti |author6=M. Delfino |author7=G. Ficcarelli |author8=M. Moreno Espinosa |author9=D. Naldini |author10=P. Pieruccini |author11=L. Ragaini |author12=L. Rook |author13=M. Rossi |author14=G. Tito |author15=D. Torre |author16=G. Valleri |author17=W. Landini |year=2001 |title=A new vertebrate fossiliferous site from the Late Quaternary at San José on the north coast of Ecuador: preliminary note |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=331–334 |doi=10.1016/S0895-9811(01)00027-X |bibcode=2001JSAES..14..331C}}
- {{cite journal |last=Hoffstetter |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Hoffstetter |year=1952 |title=Les mammifères pleistocènes de la République de l'Équateur |url=https://eurekamag.com/research/024/945/024945356.php |journal=Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France |volume=66 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
=== Publications Paraguay ===
- {{cite journal |last1=Ríos Díaz |first1=Sergio D. |last2=Luna |first2=Carlos A. |last3=Souberlich |first3=Ricardo |last4=Aguilera |first4=Paula |last5=Gadea de Campos Cevera |first5=Ana M. |last6=Godoy Araña |first6=Ana |year=2014 |title=Mamíferos del Cuaternario de Puerto Santa Rosa, Departamento de San Pedro, Paraguay |url=http://www.faunaparaguay.com/Bol18rios.pdf |journal=Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay |volume=18 |pages=67–76 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite conference |last=Ríos Díaz |first=S.D. |year=2013 |title=Una nueva localidad de vertebrados cuaternarios en Puerto Pinasco, Dpto. de Presidente Hayes, República del Paraguay |url=http://www.geologiadelparaguay.com/FosilesPP.pdf |book-title=XXVII Jornadas Argentinas de Paleontología de Vertebrados |access-date=2017-05-07}}{{dead link|date=November 2022}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Báez Presser |first1=Jaime Leonardo |last2=Buongermini |first2=Emilio |last3=Fillipi Amábile |first3=Víctor Orlando |last4=Fernández Crossas |first4=Víctor |last5=Báez Almadas |first5=Adolfo Benicio |last6=Zarza Limas |first6=Pedro Ramón |last7=Oporto Migone |first7=Orlando |year=2004 |title=Algunos antecedentes paleontológicos del Paraguay |url=http://www.geologiadelparaguay.com/Antecedentes%20Paleontologicos%20del%20Paraguay.pdf |journal=Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay |volume=15 |pages=95–110 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=Hoffstetter |first=Robert |year=1978 |title=Une faune de Mammifères pleistocènes au Paraguay |url=http://www.geologiadelparaguay.com/Hoffstetter.pdf |journal=Compte Rendu Sommaire des Séances de la Société Géologique de France |volume=1 |pages=32–33 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
=== Publications Peru ===
- {{cite journal |last1=Pujos |first1=François |last2=Salas Gismondi |first2=Rodolfo |year=2004a |title=A systematic reassessment and paleogeographic review of fossil Xenarthra from Peru |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26431588 |journal=Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Études Andines |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=331–377 |doi=10.4000/bifea.5746 |access-date=2017-05-07|doi-access=free }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Pujos |first1=François |last2=Salas Gismondi |first2=Rodolfo |year=2004b |title=A new species of Megatherium (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Megatheriidae) from the Pleistocene of Sacaco and Tres Ventanas, Peru |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/40661194 |journal=Palaeontology |volume=47 |issue=3 |pages=579–604 |doi=10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00376.x |bibcode=2004Palgy..47..579P |s2cid=129311786 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Alberdi |first1=María Teresa |last2=Prado |first2=José Luis |last3=Salas |first3=Rodolfo |year=2004 |title=The Pleistocene Gomphotheriidae (Proboscidea) from Peru |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279543665|journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen |volume=231 |issue=3 |pages=423–452 |doi=10.1127/njgpa/231/2004/423 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
=== Publications Uruguay ===
- {{cite journal |last1=Alvarenga |first1=Herculano |last2=Jones |first2=Washington William |last3=Rinderknecht |first3=Andrés |year=2010 |title=The youngest record of phorusrhacid birds (Aves, Phorusrhacidae) from the late Pleistocene of Uruguay |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233512584 |journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen |volume=256 |issue=2 |pages=229–234 |doi=10.1127/0077-7749/2010/0052 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Alberdi |first1=María Teresa |last2=Prado |first2=José Luis |last3=Perea |first3=Daniel |last4=Ubilla |first4=Martín |year=2007 |title=Stegomastodon waringi (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from the Late Pleistocene of northeastern Uruguay |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233709766 |journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen |volume=243 |issue=2 |pages=179–189 |doi=10.1127/0077-7749/2007/0243-0179 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Gutiérrez |first1=Mercedes |last2=Prado |first2=José Luis |last3=Perea |first3=Daniel |last4=Ubilla |first4=Martín |year=2005 |title=Late Pleistocene Stegomastodon (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from Uruguay |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285935178 |journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte |volume=2005 |issue=11 |pages=641–662 |doi=10.1127/njgpm/2005/2005/641 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
=== Publications Venezuela ===
- {{cite journal |last=Morón |first=Camilo |year=2015 |title=Panorama geológico, paleontológico, arqueológico, histórico y mitológico del estado Falcón |url=http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/712/71241008006.pdf |journal=Boletín Antropológico, Universidad de los Andes |volume=33 |pages=104–126 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Carrillo B. |first1=Jorge |last2=Chávez A. |first2=Edwin |last3=Alfonzo H |first3=Imerú |year=2008 |title=Notas preliminares sobre los Mastodontes Gonfoterios (Mammalia: Proboscidea) del cuaternario venezolano |url=http://www.saber.ula.ve/bitstream/123456789/30824/1/articulo2.pdf |journal=Boletín Antropológico, Universidad de los Andes |volume=26 |pages=233–263 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Bryan |first1=Alan L. |last2=Casamiquela |first2=Rodolfo M. |author3-link=José Cruxent |last3=Cruxent |first3=José M. |last4=Gruhn |first4=Ruth |last5=Ochsenius |first5=Claudio |year=1978 |title=An El Jobo Mastodon Kill at Taima-taima, Venezuela |url=http://science.sciencemag.org/content/200/4347/1275/tab-article-info |journal=Science |volume=200 |issue=4347 |pages=1275–1277 |doi=10.1126/science.200.4347.1275 |pmid=17738722 |bibcode=1978Sci...200.1275B |s2cid=42568763 |access-date=2017-05-07|author2-link=Rodolfo Casamiquela }}
=== Publications proposed reclassification ===
- {{cite journal |author=Mothé, Dimila |author2=dos Santos Avilla, Leonardo |author3=Asevedo, Lidiane |author4=Borges-Silva, Leon |author5=Rosas, Mariane |author6=Labarca-Encina, Rafael |author7=Souberlich, Ricardo |author8=Soibelzon, Esteban |author9=Roman-Carrion, José Luis |author10=Ríos, Sergio D. |author11=Rincon, Ascanio D. |author12=de Oliveira, Gina Cardoso |author13=Lopes, Renato Pereira |year=2016a |title=Sixty years after 'The mastodonts of Brazil': The state of the art of South American proboscideans (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308794161 |journal=Quaternary International |volume=443 |pages=52–64 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2016.08.028 |bibcode=2017QuInt.443...52M |access-date=2017-05-07|hdl=11336/48585 |hdl-access=free }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Mothé |first1=Dimila |last2=Ferretti |first2=Marco P. |last3=Avilla |first3=Leonardo S. |year=2016b |title=The Dance of Tusks: Rediscovery of Lower Incisors in the Pan-American Proboscidean Cuvieronius hyodon Revises Incisor Evolution in Elephantimorpha |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=e0147009 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0147009 |doi-access=free |pmid=26756209 |pmc=4710528 |bibcode=2016PLoSO..1147009M }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Mothé |first1=Dimila |last2=Avilla |first2=Leonardo S. |year=2015 |title=Mythbusting evolutionary issues on South American Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia: Proboscidea) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270913111|journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=110 |pages=23–35 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.013 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Mothé |first1=Dimila |last2=Avilla |first2=Leonardo S. |last3=Cozzuol |first3=Mário |last4=Winck |first4=Gisele R. |year=2012 |title=Taxonomic revision of the Quaternary gomphotheres (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the South American lowlands |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251636493 |journal=Quaternary International |volume=276-277 |pages=2–7 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018 |bibcode=2012QuInt.276....2M |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=Lucas |first=Spencer G |year=2013 |title=The palaeobiogeography of South American gomphotheres |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095383615301292 |journal=Journal of Palaeogeography |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=19–40 |bibcode=2013JPalG...2...19L |access-date=2017-05-07}}
- {{cite journal |last=Lucas |first=Spencer G |year=2008 |title=Taxonomic nomenclature of Cuvieronius and Haplomastodon, proboscideans from the Plio-Pleistocene of the New World |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281863518 |journal=Neogene Mammals – New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin |volume=44 |pages=409–415 |access-date=2017-05-07}}
{{Paleontology in Colombia|state=collapsed}}