List of presidents of France

The president of France is the head of state of France, elected by popular vote for five years.

The first officeholder is considered to be Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, who was elected in 1848 but provoked the 1851 self-coup to later proclaim himself emperor as Napoleon III. His coup, which proved popular as he sought the restoration of universal male suffrage previously abolished by the legislature, granted the newly-established Second Empire firm ground.

A republican regime was given way again in 1870 through the Third Republic, after the fall of Napoleon III. A 1962 referendum held under the Fifth Republic at the request of President Charles de Gaulle transferred the election of the president of France from an electoral college to a popular vote. Since then, ten presidential elections have taken place. The 25th and current officeholder has been Emmanuel Macron since 14 May 2017.

First Republic (1792–1804)

=National Convention=

The National Convention (20 September 1792 – 26 October 1795) was led by the President of the National Convention; the presidency rotated fortnightly.

From 1793 the National Convention was dominated by its Committee of Public Safety, in which the leading figures were Georges Danton and then Maximilien Robespierre.

=Directory=

The Directory was officially led by a president, as stipulated by Article 141 of the Constitution of the Year III. An entirely ceremonial post, the first president was Jean-François Rewbell, who was chosen by lot on 2 November 1795. The Directors conducted their elections privately, with the presidency rotating every three months.{{Cite web |url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/france/directory_1795_99/ |title=France: Presidents of the Executive Directory: 1795-1799 |author=Cheynet, Pierre-Dominique |year=2013 |publisher=Archontology.org |access-date=16 November 2013 }} The last President was Louis-Jérôme Gohier.Lefebvre & Soboul, p. 199.

The leading figure of the Directory was Paul Barras, the only director to serve throughout the Directory.

;Political parties

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Thermidorians}}|Centre (Thermidorians)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|Miscellaneous right}}|Right-wing (Clichyens)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|The Mountain}}|Left-wing (Montagnards)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{Nb5}}{{Legend2|{{Party color|The Plain}}|Other (Maraisards)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

class="wikitable alternance" style="text-align:center"

! colspan=10 | Directors of the Directory (1 November 1795 – 10 November 1799)

rowspan=6 style="background:{{Party color|Thermidorians}}" |

| rowspan=6 | File:Directoire, Révolution française. Portrait de Paul Barras en costume de Directeur. G.31925.jpgPaul Barras
2 November 1795 – 9 November 1799

| rowspan=5 style="background:{{Party color|Thermidorians}}" |

| rowspan=5 | File:La Révellière-Lépeaux Directeur.JPGLouis-Marie
de la Révellière
2 November 1795 – 18 June 1799
{{Small|(Compelled to resign)}}

| rowspan=4 style="background:{{Party color|Thermidorians}}" |

| rowspan=4 | File:Jean-François Reubell.JPGJean-François Rewbell
2 November 1795 – 16 May 1799
{{Small|(Replaced by sortition)}}

| rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color|Miscellaneous right}}" |

| rowspan=2 | File:Портрет к статье «Карно, Лазарь-Николай» № 1. Военная энциклопедия Сытина (Санкт-Петербург, 1911-1915).jpgLazare Carnot
2 November 1795 – 4 September 1797
{{Small|(Proscribed and replaced after the Coup of 18 Fructidor)}}

| style="background:{{Party color|The Plain}}" |

| File:Étienne-François Le Tourneur - Directeur.jpgÉtienne-François Letourneur
2 November 1795 – 20 May 1797

style="background:{{Party color|Miscellaneous right}}" |

| File:François Barthélemy Directeur.jpgFrançois Barthélemy
20 May – 4 September 1797
{{Small|(Proscribed and replaced after the Coup of 18 Fructidor)}}

rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|Thermidorians}}" |

| rowspan=3 | File:Philippe-Antoine Merlin.JPGPhilippe Antoine Merlin
4 September 1797 – 18 June 1799
{{Small|(Compelled to resign)}}

| style="background:{{Party color|The Plain}}" |

| File:Nicolas François de Neufchâteau (Directeur).jpgFrançois de Neufchâteau
4 September 1797 – 15 May 1798
{{Small|(Replaced by sortition)}}

rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color|The Plain}}" |

| rowspan=2 | File:Jean-Baptiste Treilhard (1742-1810) juriste et homme politique français.jpgJean-Baptiste Treilhard
15 May 1798 – 17 June 1799
{{Small|(Election annulled as irregular)}}

rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color|The Plain}}" |

| rowspan=2 | File:SIEYES - Membre du Directoire Executif.. en Grand Costume. G.31924.jpgEmmanuel Joseph Sieyès
16 May – 9 November 1799

style="background:{{Party color|Thermidorians}}" |

| File:Roger-Ducos Membre du Directoire Exécutif. G.24387.jpgRoger Ducos
18 June – 9 November 1799

| style="background:{{Party color|The Mountain}}" |

| File:Moulin Membre du Directoire Exécutif en grand Costume. G.24388.jpgJean-François Moulin
18 June – 10 November 1799

| style="background:{{Party color|The Mountain}}" |

| File:Gohier Membre du Directoire Exécutif en Grand Costume. G.24386.jpgLouis-Jérôme Gohier
17 June – 10 November 1799

After the Coup of 18 Brumaire (9 November 1799), Barras, Ducos, and Sieyès resigned.
Moulin and Gohier, refusing to resign, were arrested by General Moreau.

=Consulate=

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan=4 \| Consuls of the Consulate (10 November 1799 – 18 May 1804)
! First Consul ! Second Consul ! Third Consul
Provisional Consuls {{Small\|(10 November – 12 December 1799)}} \| rowspan=2 \| File:Gros - First Consul Bonaparte (Detail).png Napoléon Bonaparte \| File:Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès, by Jacques Louis David.jpg Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès \| File:AduC 233 Ducos (R., 1747-1816).JPG Roger Ducos
Consuls {{Small\|(12 December 1799 – 18 May 1804)}} \| File:Jean-Jacques-Régis_de_Cambacérès.jpg Jean-Jacques-Régis de Cambacérès \| File:Charles François Lebrun prince architrésorier de l'Empire.jpg Charles-François Lebrun

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! colspan=4 | Consuls of the Consulate (10 November 1799 – 18 May 1804)

! First Consul

! Second Consul

! Third Consul

Provisional Consuls
{{Small|(10 November – 12 December 1799)}}

| rowspan=2 | File:Gros - First Consul Bonaparte (Detail).png Napoléon Bonaparte

| File:Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès, by Jacques Louis David.jpg Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès

| File:AduC 233 Ducos (R., 1747-1816).JPG Roger Ducos

Consuls
{{Small|(12 December 1799 – 18 May 1804)}}

| File:Jean-Jacques-Régis_de_Cambacérès.jpg Jean-Jacques-Régis de Cambacérès

| File:Charles François Lebrun prince architrésorier de l'Empire.jpg Charles-François Lebrun

Napoléon Bonaparte proclaimed himself Emperor of the French in 1804, reigning as Emperor Napoleon I 1804–1814 (First French Empire) and 1815 (Hundred Days).

The monarchy was restored 1814–1815 and 1815–1830 (Bourbon Restoration); again 1830–1848 (July Monarchy).

Second Republic (1848–1852)

=President of the Provisional Government of the Republic=

;Political parties

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Moderate Republicans (France, 1848–1870)}}|Moderate Republicans|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

class="wikitable"

Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office

! Time in office

! Political party

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure{{EB1911|noprescript=1|inline=y|wstitle=Dupont de l'Eure, Jacques Charles|volume=8|page=688}}
{{Small|(1767–1855)}}

| 26 February 1848

| 9 May 1848

| {{Ayd|1848|02|26|1848|05|09}}

| rowspan=2 | Moderate Republicans

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1848

colspan=4 | {{Small|Appointed President of the Provisional Government by the National Assembly, during the February Revolution. Resigned in May 1848, making way for the Executive Commission.}}

=President of the Executive Commission=

;Political parties

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Moderate Republicans (France, 1848–1870)}}|Moderate Republicans|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

class="wikitable"

Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office

! Time in office

! Political party

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | François Arago{{Cite book|last=Robertson|first=Priscilla Smith|title=Revolutions of 1848: A Social History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SX-ectAexEoC&pg=PA83|access-date=19 March 2014 |year=1952|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=0-691-00756-X|pages=79–93}}
{{Small|(1786–1853)}}

| 9 May 1848

| 24 June 1848

| {{Ayd|1848|05|09|1848|06|24}}

| rowspan=2 | Moderate Republicans

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1848

colspan=4 | {{Small|The Executive Commission was appointed by the National Assembly, with François Arago acting as President of the Commission, and other members including Alphonse de Lamartine, Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès, Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin and Pierre Marie de Saint-Georges, who acted jointly as head of state. The Commission was removed from power by the National Assembly, during the June Days uprising, and replaced by an executive power under Louis-Eugène Cavaignac.}}

=Chief of the Executive Power=

;Political parties

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Moderate Republicans (France, 1848–1870)}}|Moderate Republicans|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

class="wikitable"

Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office

! Time in office

! Political party

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Louis-Eugène Cavaignac{{Cite book|title=The Republican Experiment, 1848–1852|last=Agulhon|first=Maurice|year=1983|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0521289882|pages=60–71}}
{{Small|(1802–1857)}}

| 28 June 1848

| 20 December 1848

|{{Ayd|1848|06|28|1848|12|20}}

| rowspan=2 | Moderate Republicans

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1848

colspan=4 |{{Small|Granted dictatorial powers by the National Assembly, during the June Days uprising. Following his suppression of the uprising, Cavaignac was appointed Chief of the Executive Power by the National Assembly. He ran in the 1848 French presidential election, but lost to Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, who was elected the first President of the French Republic.}}

=President of the Republic=

;Political parties

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Bonapartist}} | Bonapartist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

class="wikitable"

Nº

! Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office;
Electoral mandates

! Time in office

! Political party

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|Bonapartist}}; color:white" | 1

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte{{Cite web |url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/louis-napoleon-bonaparte |title=Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (1808–1873) |publisher=Official website of the French Presidency |language=fr |access-date=2 August 2010}}
{{Small|(1808–1873)}}

| 20 December 1848

| 2 December 1852

|{{Ayd|1848|12|20|1852|12|02}}

| rowspan=2 | Bonapartist

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1848

colspan=4 |{{Small|Nephew of Napoléon I. Elected first President of the French Republic in the 1848 election against Louis-Eugène Cavaignac. He provoked the coup of 1851 and proclaimed himself Emperor in 1852. Henri Georges Boulay de la Meurthe, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte's vice president, was the sole person to hold that office.}}

Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaimed himself Emperor of the French in 1852, reigning as Emperor Napoleon III 1852–1870 (Second French Empire).

Third Republic (1870–1940)

=President of the Government of National Defense=

;Political parties

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Miscellaneous Right}} | Monarchist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

class="wikitable"

Nº

! Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office

! Time in office

! Political party

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! style="background:{{Party color|Miscellaneous Right}}" rowspan=2|—

| rowspan=2 | 80px

| rowspan=2 align=center | Louis-Jules Trochu{{EB1911|noprescript=1|inline=yes|wstitle=Trochu, Louis Jules |volume=27 |page=298 }}
{{Small|(1815–1896)}}

| 14 September 1870

| 13 February 1871

| {{Ayd|1870|09|14|1871|02|13}}

| Moderate Monarchist (Orléanist)

colspan=4 | {{Small|Following the capture of Napoleon III at the Battle of Sedan, the National Assembly proclaimed the establishment of a Government of National Defense, with Louis Jules Trochu as its President. He rallied the French defenses during the Siege of Paris, but the Government was defeated by the nascent German Empire.}}

=Chief of the Executive Power=

;Political parties

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Independent (politician)}} | Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

class="wikitable"

! Nº

! Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office

! Time in office

! Political party

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! style="background:{{Party color|Independent}}" rowspan=2|—

| rowspan=2 | 80px

| rowspan=2 align=center | Adolphe Thiers{{Cite book|title=Adolphe Thiers ou De la nécessité en politique|last=Guiral|first=Pierre|publisher= Fayard|year=1986|location=Paris|isbn=2213018251|pages=334–375|language=fr}}
{{Small|(1797–1877)}}

| 17 February 1871

| 30 August 1871

| {{Ayd|1871|02|17|1871|08|30}}

| Moderate Monarchist (Orléanist);
Opportunist Republican

colspan=4 | {{Small|Elected Chief of the Executive Power by the National Assembly, following the Siege of Paris, and established a government with a republican majority. After fighting to re-establish state control over the Paris Commune and securing the withdrawal of the German Army from France, he was elected President of the Republic by the National Assembly.}}

=Presidents of the Republic=

;Political parties

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Miscellaneous Right}} | Monarchist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Opportunist Republicans}} | Moderate Republican|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Democratic Alliance (France)}} | Democratic Republican Alliance; Democratic Republican Party; Social and Republican Democratic Party; Democratic Alliance|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Radical Party (France)}} | Radical-Socialist and Radical Republican Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Independent (politician)}} | Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

Nº ! Portrait ! Name {{Small\|(Birth–Death)}} ! colspan=2 \| Term of office ! Time in office ! Political party
class="wikitable"
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! style="background:{{Party color\|Independent}}" rowspan=2 \| 2 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Adolphe Thiers{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/adolphe-thiers \|title=Adolphe Thiers (1797–1877) \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=fr \|access-date=2 August 2010}} {{Small\|(1797–1877)}} \| 31 August 1871 \| 24 May 1873 \| {{Ayd\|1871\|08\|31\|1873\|05\|24}} \| Moderate Monarchist (Orléanist); Opportunist Republican
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Initially a moderate monarchist, named President of France following the adoption of the Rivet law, establishing provisional republican institutions. He became a supporter of the Third Republic during his term. He resigned in the face of hostility from the National Assembly, largely in favour of a return to the monarchy.}}
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! style="background:{{Party color\|Miscellaneous Right}}" rowspan=2 \| 3 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Patrice de MacMahon{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/patrice-de-mac-mahon \|title=Patrice de Mac-Mahon (1808–1893) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=4 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1808–1893)}} \| 24 May 1873 \| 30 January 1879 \| {{Ayd\|1873\|05\|24\|1879\|01\|30}} \| Monarchist (Legitimist)
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|A Marshal of France, he was the only monarchist (and only Duke) to serve as President of the Third Republic. He resigned shortly after the republican victory in the January 1879 legislative election, following a previous republican victory in 1877, after his decision to dissolve the Chamber of Deputies. During his term, the Constitutional Laws of 1875 that served as the Constitution of the Third Republic were passed; he therefore became the first President under the constitutional settlement that would last until 1940.}}
colspan=8 align=center \| The Government of Jules Armand Dufaure deputized during the interim (30 January 1879).
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Opportunist Republicans}}; color:white" \| 4 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Jules Grévy{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/jules-grevy \|title=Jules Grévy (1807–1891) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=4 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1807–1891)}} \| 30 January 1879 \| 2 December 1887 \| {{Ayd\|1879\|01\|30\|1887\|12\|02}} \| Opportunist Republican
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|The first President of France to complete a full term, he was easily reelected in December 1885. He was nonetheless forced to resign, following an honours scandal in which his son-in-law was implicated.}}
colspan=8 align=center \| The Government of Maurice Rouvier deputized during the interim (2–3 December 1887).
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Opportunist Republicans}}; color:white \| 5 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Sadi Carnot{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/sadi-carnot \|title=Marie-François-Sadi Carnot (1837–1894) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=4 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1837–1894)}} \| 3 December 1887 \| 25 June 1894{{Small\|†}} \| {{Ayd\|1887\|12\|02\|1894\|06\|25}} \| Opportunist Republican
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|His term was marked by Boulangist unrest and the Panama scandals, as well as by diplomacy with Russia. Assassinated (stabbed) by Sante Geronimo Caserio a few months before the end of his term, he is interred at the Panthéon.}}
colspan=8 align=center \| The Government of Charles Dupuy deputized during the interim (25–27 June 1894).
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Opportunist Republicans}}; color:white \| 6 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Jean Casimir-Perier{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/jean-casimir-perier \|title=Jean Casimir-Perier (1847–1907) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=4 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1847–1907)}} \| 27 June 1894 \| 16 January 1895 \| {{Ayd\|1894\|06\|25\|1895\|01\|16}} \| Opportunist Republican
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Casimir-Perier's was the shortest presidential term: he resigned after six months and 20 days.}}
colspan=8 align=center \| The Government of Charles Dupuy deputized during the interim (16–17 January 1895).
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Opportunist Republicans}}; color:white \| 7 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Félix Faure{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/felix-faure \|title=Félix Faure (1841–1899) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=4 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1841–1899)}} \| 17 January 1895 \| 16 February 1899{{Small\|†}} \| {{Ayd\|1895\|01\|17\|1899\|02\|16}} \| Opportunist Republican; Progressive Republican
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Pursued colonial expansion and ties with Russia. President during the Dreyfus affair. Four years into his term, he died of apoplexy at the Élysée Palace.}}
colspan=8 align=center \| The Government of Charles Dupuy deputized during the interim (16–18 February 1899).
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Democratic Alliance (France)}}; color:white \| 8 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Émile Loubet{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/emile-loubet \|title=Emile Loubet (1836–1929) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=4 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1838–1929)}} \| 18 February 1899 \| 18 February 1906 \| {{Ayd\|1899\|02\|18\|1906\|02\|18}} \| Democratic Republican Alliance
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|During his seven-year term, the 1905 law on the Separation of the Churches and the State was adopted. He did not seek reelection at the end of his term.}}
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Democratic Alliance (France)}}; color:white \| 9 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Armand Fallières{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/armand-fallieres \|title=Armand Fallières (1841–1931) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1841–1931)}} \| 18 February 1906 \| 18 February 1913 \| {{Ayd\|1906\|01\|18\|1913\|01\|18}} \| Democratic Republican Alliance; then Democratic Republican Party
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|President during the Agadir Crisis, when French troops first occupied Morocco. He was a party to the Triple Entente, which he strengthened by diplomacy. Like his predecessor, he did not seek reelection.}}
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Democratic Alliance (France)}}; color:white \| 10 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Raymond Poincaré{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/raymond-poincare \|title=Raymond Poincaré (1860–1934) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=4 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1860–1934)}} \| 18 February 1913 \| 18 February 1920 \| {{Ayd\|1913\|01\|18\|1920\|01\|18}} \| Democratic Republican Party; then Democratic Republican Alliance
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|President during World War I. He subsequently served as Prime minister, 1922–1924 and 1926–1929.}}
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Democratic Alliance (France)}}; color:white \| 11 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Paul Deschanel{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/paul-deschanel \|title=Paul Deschanel (1855–1922) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1855–1922)}} \| 18 February 1920 \| 21 September 1920 \| {{Ayd\|1920\|01\|18\|1920\|09\|21}} \| Democratic Republican Alliance; then Democratic Republican and Social Party
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|An intellectual elected to the Académie Française, he overcame the popular Georges Clemenceau, to general surprise, in the January 1920 election. He resigned after eight months due to health problems.}}
colspan=8 align=center \| The Government of Alexandre Millerand deputized during the interim (21–23 September 1920).
bgcolor="#EEEEEE" ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Independent (politician)}} \| 12 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Alexandre Millerand{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/alexandre-millerand \|title=Alexandre Millerand (1859–1943) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1859–1943)}} \| 23 September 1920 \| 11 June 1924 \| {{Ayd\|1920\|09\|23\|1924\|06\|11}} \| Independent
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|An "Independent Socialist" increasingly drawn to the right, he resigned after four years following the victory of the Cartel des Gauches in the 1924 legislative election.}}
colspan=8 align=center \| The Government of Frédéric François-Marsal deputized during the interim (11–13 June 1924).
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! style="background:{{Party color\|Radical Party (France)}}; color:white" rowspan=2 \| 13 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Gaston Doumergue{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/gaston-doumergue \|title=Gaston Doumergue (1863–1937) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1863–1937)}} \| 13 June 1924 \| 13 June 1931 \| {{Ayd\|1924\|06\|13\|1931\|06\|13}} \| Radical-Socialist and Radical Republican Party
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|The first Protestant President, he took a firm political stance against Germany and its resurgent nationalism. His seven-year term was marked by ministerial discontinuity.}}
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Independent (politician)}} \| 14 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Paul Doumer{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/paul-doumer \|title=Paul Doumer (1857–1932) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1857–1932)}} \| 13 June 1931 \| 7 May 1932{{Small\|†}} \| {{Ayd\|1931\|06\|13\|1932\|05\|07}} \| Independent
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Elected in the second round of the 1931 election, having defeated Aristide Briand. Assassinated (shot) by the mentally unstable Paul Gorguloff.}}
colspan=8 align=center \| The Government of André Tardieu deputized during the interim (7–10 May 1932).
bgcolor=#EEEEEE ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Democratic Alliance (France)}}; color:white \| 15 \| rowspan=2 \| 80px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Albert Lebrun{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/albert-lebrun \|title=Albert Lebrun (1871–1950) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1871–1950)}} \| 10 May 1932 \| 11 July 1940 {{Small\|(de facto)}} \| {{Ayd\|1932\|05\|10\|1940\|06\|11}} \| Democratic Alliance
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Reelected in 1939, his second term was interrupted by the rise to power of Marshal Philippe Pétain.}}

The office of President of the French Republic did not exist from 1940 until 1947.

French State (1940–1944)

=Chief of State=

class="wikitable"

! Nº

! Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office

! Time in office

! Political party

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|Military}}; color:white" |—

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Philippe Pétain
{{Small|(1856–1951)}}

| 11 July 1940

| 19 August 1944

| {{Ayd|1940|07|11|1944|08|19}}

| rowspan=2 |

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1940

colspan=4 | {{Small|Following the fall of France and the signing of an armistice with Nazi Germany, Pétain assumed dictatorial powers and established a collaborationist government. During the liberation of France, Pétain's government fled to the Sigmaringen enclave, where they awaited the end of the war.}}

Government-in-exile (1940–1944)

=President of the French National Committee=

class="wikitable"

! Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office

! Time in office

! Political party

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Charles de Gaulle
{{Small|(1890–1970)}}

| 18 June 1940

| 3 June 1944

| {{Ayd|1940|06|18|1944|06|03}}

| rowspan=2|

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1940

colspan=4 | {{Small|Following the fall of France, he issued the Appeal of 18 June to continue resisting the Nazi occupation of France. On 11 July 1940, he established the Empire Defense Council. On 24 September 1941, he replaced the Defense Council with the French National Committee. On 3 June 1943, his Committee merged together with Henri Giraud's French Civil and Military High Command, forming the French Committee of National Liberation, with the two acting as co-chairs. Following the Liberation of France, the Committee evolved into a Provisional Government, with de Gaulle as its Chairman.}}

Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946)

=Chairmen of the Provisional Government=

Political parties

{{Legend2| {{Party color|French Section of the Workers International}}|Socialist (SFIO)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2| {{Party color|Popular Republican Movement}}|Centre-right (MRP)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

class="wikitable"

! Nº

! Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office

! Time in office

! Political party

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|Union for the New Republic}}; color:white" |—

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Charles de Gaulle
{{Small|(1890–1970)}}

| 3 June 1944

| 26 January 1946

| {{Ayd|1944|06|03|1946|01|26}}

| rowspan=2 | Independent

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1944

colspan=4 | {{Small|Following the Liberation of France, the Committee of National Liberation evolved into a Provisional Government, with de Gaulle as its Chairman. He resigned abruptly in January 1946, after a failed attempt to centralise executive power.}}

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|French Section of the Workers International}}; color:white" |—

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Félix Gouin
{{Small|(1884–1977)}}

| 26 January 1946

| 24 June 1946

| {{Ayd|1946|01|26|1946|06|24}}

| rowspan=2 | French Section of the Workers International

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1945

colspan=4 | {{Small|Promoted from President of the National Assembly to Chairman of the Provisional Government after de Gaulle's resignation.}}

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|Popular Republican Movement}}; color:white" | —

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Georges Bidault
{{Small|(1899–1983)}}

| 24 June 1946

| 28 November 1946

| {{Ayd|1946|06|24|1946|11|28}}

| rowspan=2 | Popular Republican Movement

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1946

colspan=4 | {{Small | Elected as Chairman of the Provisional Government in June 1946, oversaw the passage of the French Constitution of 27 October 1946, then defeated in the subsequent election of November 1946.}}

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|French Section of the Workers' International}}; color:white" |—

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Vincent Auriol
{{Small|(1884–1966)}}

| 28 November 1946

| 16 December 1946

| {{Ayd|1946|11|28|1946|12|16}}

| rowspan=2|French Section of the Workers' International

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center | 1946

colspan=4 | {{Small | Elected as Chairman of the Provisional Government in November 1946, overseeing an interim parliamentary government before his accession to President of France.}}

-- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|French Section of the Workers' International}}; color:white" |—

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Léon Blum
{{Small|(1872–1950)}}

| 16 December 1946

| 16 January 1947

| {{Ayd|1946|12|16|1947|01|16}}

| rowspan=2|French Section of the Workers' International

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align=center |1946

colspan=4 | {{Small|Oversaw the final interim government before the accession of Vincent Auriol to President.}}

Fourth Republic (1946–1958)

=Presidents=

Political parties

{{Legend2|{{Party color|French Section of the Workers International}}|Socialist (SFIO)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2|{{Party color|National Centre of Independents and Peasants}}|Centre-right (CNIP)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

class="wikitable"

! Nº

! Portrait

! Name
{{Small|(Birth–Death)}}

! colspan=2 | Term of office;
Electoral mandates

! Time in office

! Political party

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|French Section of the Workers International}}; color:white" | 16

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | Vincent Auriol{{Cite web |url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/vincent-auriol |title=Vincent Auriol (1884–1966) |date=15 November 2018 |publisher=Official website of the French Presidency |language=en |access-date=5 October 2022}}
{{Small|(1884–1966)}}

| 16 January 1947

| 16 January 1954

|{{Ayd|1947|01|16|1954|01|16}}

| rowspan=2|French Section of the Workers' International

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align="center" | 1947

colspan=4 | {{Small|First President of the Fourth Republic; his term was marked by the First Indochina War.}}

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

! rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color|National Centre of Independents and Peasants}}; color:white" | 17

| rowspan=3 | 80px

| rowspan=3 align=center | René Coty{{Cite web |url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/rene-coty |title=René Coty (1882–1962) |date=15 November 2018 |publisher=Official website of the French Presidency |language=en |access-date=5 October 2022}}
{{Small|(1882–1962)}}

| 16 January 1954

| 8 January 1959

|{{Ayd|1954|01|16|1959|01|8}}

| rowspan=2 | National Centre of Independents and Peasants

- bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan=3 align="center" | 1953

colspan=4 | {{Small|Presidency marked by the Algerian War; appealed to Charles de Gaulle to resolve the May 1958 crisis. Following the promulgation of the Fifth Republic, he resigned after five years as President of France, giving way to De Gaulle.}}

Fifth Republic (1958–''present'')

=Presidents=

Political parties: {{Legend2|{{Party color|Socialist Party (France)}}|Centre-left (PS) (2)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2|{{Party color|La République En Marche!}}|Centrist (RE) (1)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Independent Republicans}}|Centre-right (CD; RI; PR; UDF) (1)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2|{{Party color|Union for the New Republic}}|Gaullist (UNR; UDR) (2)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{Legend2|{{Party color|The Republicans (France)}}|Neo-Gaullist (RPR; UMP; LR) (2)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

Nº ! Portrait ! Name {{Small\|(Birth–Death)}} ! colspan=2 \| Term of office; Electoral mandates !Time in office ! Political party
class="wikitable"
rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color\|Union for the New Republic}}; color:white" \| 18 \| rowspan=3 \| 110px \| rowspan=3 align=center \| Charles de Gaulle{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/charles-de-gaulle \|title=Charles de Gaulle (1890–1970) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1890–1970)}} \| 8 January 1959 \| 28 April 1969 \| {{Ayd\|1959\|01\|08\|1969\|04\|28}} \| rowspan=2 \| Union for the New Republic {{Small\|(renamed Union of Democrats for the Fifth Republic in 1967)}}
colspan=3 align=center \| 1958, 1965
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Leader of the Free French Forces, 1940–1944. President of the Provisional Government, 1944–1946. Appointed President of the Council by René Coty in May 1958, to resolve the crisis of the Algerian War. Supported by referendum, he adopted a new Constitution of France, thus founding the Fifth Republic. Easily elected to the presidency in the 1958 election by electoral college, he took office the following month; having modified the presidential election procedure in the 1962 referendum, he was reelected by universal suffrage in the 1965 election. Launched the Force de dissuasion in 1961. He signed the Élysée Treaty in 1963, building Franco-German cooperation, a key to European integration. In 1966, he withdrew France from NATO integrated military command and had American military personnel stationed on French soil sent home. Supported Quebec sovereignty. Faced the May 68 civil unrest. Resigned following the failure of the 1969 referendum on regionalisation.}}
style="background-color:#E6E6AA" ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Democratic Centre (France)}}; color:white" \| — \| rowspan=2 align=center \| 110px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Alain Poher{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/alain-poher \|title=Alain Poher (1909–1996) \|date=14 January 2019 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=fr \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|Acting}} {{Small\|(1909–1996)}} \| 28 April 1969 \| 20 June 1969 \| {{Ayd\|1969\|04\|28\|1969\|06\|20}} \| Democratic Centre
style="background-color:#E6E6AA" \| colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Interim President of France, as President of the Senate. Stood in the 1969 election but was defeated in the second round by Georges Pompidou.}}
rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color\|Union for the New Republic}}; color:white" \| 19 \| rowspan=3 \| 110px \| rowspan=3 align=center \| Georges Pompidou{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/georges-pompidou\|title=Georges Pompidou (1911–1974) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1911–1974)}} \| 20 June 1969 \| 2 April 1974{{Small\|† }} \| {{Ayd\|1969\|06\|20\|1974\|04\|02}} \| rowspan=2 \| Union of Democrats for the Republic
colspan=3 align=center \| 1969
colspan=4 \| {{Small \| Prime Minister under Charles de Gaulle, 1962–1968. Elected to the presidency in the 1969 election against centrist Alain Poher. Favoured European integration. Supported economic modernisation and industrialisation, most notably through the TGV high-speed rail project. Faced the 1973 oil crisis. Died in office of Waldenström macroglobulinemia, two years before the end of his term.}}
style="background-color:#E6E6AA" ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{Party color\|Democratic Centre (France)}}; color:white" \| — \| rowspan=2 align=center \| 110px \| rowspan=2 align=center \| Alain Poher {{Small\|Acting}} {{Small\|(1909–1996)}} \| 2 April 1974 \| 27 May 1974 \| {{Ayd\|1974\|04\|02\|1974\|05\|27}} \| Democratic Centre
style="background-color:#E6E6AA" \| colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Interim President of France again, as President of the Senate. Did not stand in the 1974 election.}}
rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color\|Republican Party (France)}}; color:white" \| 20 \| rowspan=3 \| 110px \| rowspan=3 align=center \| Valéry Giscard d'Estaing{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/valery-giscard-d-estaing \|title=Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (1926) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1926–2020)}} \| 27 May 1974 \| 21 May 1981 \| {{Ayd\|1974\|05\|27\|1981\|05\|21}} \| rowspan=2 \| Independent Republicans {{Small\|(renamed Republican Party in 1977)}} {{Small\|(within the Union for French Democracy from 1978)}}
colspan=3 align=center \| 1974
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Founder of the Independent Republicans and later the Union for French Democracy in his efforts to unify the centre-right, he served in several Gaullist governments. Narrowly elected in the 1974 election, he instigated numerous reforms, including the lowering of the age of civil majority from 21 to 18 and legalisation of abortion. He soon faced a global economic crisis and rising unemployment. Although the polls initially gave him a lead, he was defeated in the 1981 election by François Mitterrand, partly due to disunion within the right.}}
rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color\|Socialist Party (France)}}; color:white" \| 21 \| rowspan=3 \| 110px \| rowspan=3 align=center \| François Mitterrand{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/francois-mitterrand \|title=François Mitterrand (1916–1996) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1916–1996)}} \| 21 May 1981 \| 17 May 1995 \| {{Ayd\|1981\|05\|21\|1995\|05\|17}} \| rowspan=2 \| Socialist Party
colspan=3 align=center \| 1981, 1988
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Candidate of a united left-wing ticket in the 1965 election, he founded the Socialist Party in 1971. Having narrowly lost in 1974, he was finally elected in 1981. Mitterrand supervised a series of Great Works, the best known of which is the Louvre Pyramid. He instigated the abolition of the death penalty. After the right-wing victory in the 1986 legislative election, he named Jacques Chirac as Prime Minister, thus beginning the first cohabitation. Reelected in the 1988 election against Chirac, he was again forced to cohabit with Édouard Balladur following the 1993 legislative election. He retired in 1995 after the conclusion of his second term. He was the first left-wing President of the Fifth Republic; his presidential tenure was the longest of any French Republic.}}
rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color\|Union for a Popular Movement}}; color:white" \| 22 \| rowspan=3 \| 110px \| rowspan=3 align=center \| Jacques Chirac{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/jacques-chirac \|title=Jacques Chirac (1932) \|date=15 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|(1932–2019)}} \| 17 May 1995 \| 16 May 2007 \| {{Ayd\|1995\|05\|17\|2007\|05\|16}} \| rowspan=2 \| Rally for the Republic {{Small\|(until 2002)}} Union for a Popular Movement {{Small\|(from 2002)}}
colspan=3 align=center \| 1995, 2002
colspan=4 \| {{Small \| Prime Minister, 1974–1976; upon resignation, founded the Rally for the Republic. Eliminated in the first round of the 1981 election, he again served as Prime Minister, 1986–1988. Defeated in the 1988 election, he was elected in 1995. He engaged in social reforms to counter "social fracture". In 1997, he dissolved the National Assembly; a left-wing victory in the 1997 legislative election forced him to name Lionel Jospin Prime Minister for a five-year cohabitation. Presidential terms reduced from seven to five years after approval by referendum. In 2002, he was easily reelected against Jean-Marie Le Pen. Sent troops to Afghanistan, but opposed the Iraq War. Declined to seek a third term in 2007 and retired from political life.}}
rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color\|Union for a Popular Movement}}; color:white" \| Presidency of Nicolas Sarkozy \| rowspan=3 \| 110px \| rowspan=3 align=center \| Nicolas Sarkozy{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/nicolas-sarkozy \|title=Nicolas Sarkozy (1955) \|date=21 January 2019 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|({{Born in\|1955}})}} \| 16 May 2007 \| 15 May 2012 \| {{Ayd\|2007\|05\|16\|2012\|05\|15}} \| rowspan=2 \| Union for a Popular Movement
colspan=3 align=center \| 2007
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Served in numerous ministerial posts, 1993–1995 and 2002–2007. Easily elected to the leadership of the Union for a Popular Movement in 2004. Elected to the presidency in 2007, defeating Socialist Ségolène Royal. Soon after taking office, he introduced a new fiscal package and other laws to counter illegal immigration and recidivism. President of the Council of the EU in 2008, he defended the Treaty of Lisbon and mediated in the Russo-Georgian War; reintroduced France to NATO integrated military command; President of the G8 and G20 in 2011. At national level, he had to deal with the consequences of the Great Recession. Following the 2008 constitutional reform, he became the first President of France since Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte to address the Versailles Congress on 22 June 2009. He introduced education and pension reforms. Sent troops to Libya (Operation Harmattan) in 2011. Narrowly defeated in the runoff of the 2012 election.}}
rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color\|Socialist Party (France)}}; color:white" rowspan=3 \| Presidency of François Hollande \| rowspan=3 \| 110px \| rowspan=3 align=center \| François Hollande{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/francois-hollande \|title=Biographie officielle de François Hollande \|date=22 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|trans-title=Official biography of François Hollande \|access-date=5 October 2022}} {{Small\|({{Born in\|1954}})}} \| 15 May 2012 \| 14 May 2017 \| {{Ayd\|2012\|05\|15\|2017\|05\|14}} \| rowspan=2 \| Socialist Party
colspan=3 align=center \| 2012
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Served as First Secretary of the Socialist Party, 1997–2008 and President of the General Council of Corrèze, 2008–2012. Elected in 2012, defeating Nicolas Sarkozy. Legalised same-sex marriage and restricted dual mandates. Militarily intervened in Mali (Operation Serval), in the Central African Republic (Operation Sangaris) and in Iraq and Syria (Operation Chammal). Paris suffered Islamic terrorist attacks in January 2015 and November 2015, as well as Nice in July 2016. Hosted the 2015 UN Climate Change Conference. Did not seek reelection in the 2017 election, for which polls suggested his defeat in the first round.}}
rowspan=3 style="background:{{Party color\|La République En Marche!}}; color:black" rowspan=3 \| Presidency of Emmanuel Macron \| rowspan=3\| 110px \| rowspan=3 align=center \| Emmanuel Macron{{Cite web \|url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/emmanuel-macron \|title=Biographie officielle de Emmanuel Macron \|date=22 November 2018 \|publisher=Official website of the French Presidency \|language=en \|trans-title=Official biography of Emmanuel Macron \|access-date=7 October 2022}} {{Small\|({{Born in\|1977}})}} \| 14 May 2017 \| Incumbent {{Small\|(term expires in May 2027)}} \| {{Ayd\|2017\|5\|14\|duration=yes}} \| rowspan=2 \| La République En Marche! {{Small\|(renamed Renaissance in 2022)}}
colspan=3 align=center \| 2017, 2022
colspan=4 \| {{Small\|Served as Élysée Deputy Secretary-General, 2012–2014 and Minister of the Economy, Industry and Digital Affairs, 2014–2016. Easily defeated Marine Le Pen in the 2017 election in which he ran as a centrist. Youngest President in the history of France. Has encountered massive demonstrations, most notably the yellow vests protests, since 2018 over his policy orientations and style of governance. Hosted the 2019 G7 summit. Faced the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, reelected with a reduced majority against Le Pen, losing the government's ruling majority in the National Assembly.}}

Timeline

{{#tag:timeline|

ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:12

PlotArea = top:3 bottom:150 right:70 left:1

AlignBars = late

Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}}

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy

Period = from:01/01/1848 till:31/12/{{#expr:{{#time:Y}}+6}}

TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:1850

ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:2 start:1848

Colors =

id:independent value:rgb(0.87,0.87,0.87) legend:None_(Independent)

id:bonapartist value:rgb(0,0.5,0) legend:Bonapartist

id:moderatemonarchist value:rgb(0.68,0.76,0.99) legend:Moderate_Monarchist

id:opportunistrepublican value:rgb(1,0.25,0.25) legend:Opportunist_Republican

id:democraticalliance value:rgb(1,0.75,0) legend:Democratic_Republican

id:radical-socialist value:rgb(0.88,0.69,1) legend:Radical_Socialist_and_Radical_Republican_Party

id:sfio value:rgb(0.94,0,0.11) legend:French_Section_of_the_Workers_International

id:mrp value:rgb(0,0.8,0.8) legend:Union_for_French_Democracy

id:cnip value:rgb(0.15,0.77,0.93) legend:National_Centre_of_Independents_and_Peasants

id:gaullist value:rgb(0,0,0.78) legend:Gaullist_(UNR/UDR)

id:center-right value:rgb(0,0.8,0.8) legend:Centre-Right_(CD/RI/PR)

id:ps value:rgb(0.93,0.09,0.32) legend:Socialist_Party

id:neo-gaullist value:rgb(0,0.4,0.8) legend:Neo-Gaullist_(RPR/UMP/LR)

id:re value:rgb(1,0.84,0) legend:Rennaissance_(RE)

Legend = columns:4 left:120 top:100 columnwidth:240

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pos:(20,100) textcolor:black fontsize:M

text:"Political parties:"

BarData =

bar:Bonaparte

bar:Thiers

bar:deMacMahon

bar:Grévy

bar:Carnot

bar:Casimir-Perier

bar:Faure

bar:Loubet

bar:Fallières

bar:Poincaré

bar:Deschanel

bar:Millerand

bar:Doumergue

bar:Doumer

bar:Lebrun

bar:Pétain

bar:deGaulle

bar:Gouin

bar:Bidault

bar:Auriol

bar:Blum

bar:Coty

bar:Pompidou

bar:dEstaing

bar:Mitterrand

bar:Chirac

bar:Sarkozy

bar:Hollande

bar:Macron

PlotData =

width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

bar:Bonaparte

from: 20/12/1848 till: 02/12/1852 color:bonapartist text:"Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte"

bar:Thiers

from: 31/08/1871 till: 24/05/1873 color:moderatemonarchist text:"Adolphe Thiers"

bar:deMacMahon

from: 24/05/1873 till: 30/01/1879 color:moderatemonarchist text:"Patrice de MacMahon"

bar:Grévy

from: 30/01/1879 till: 02/12/1887 color:opportunistrepublican text:"Jules Grévy"

bar:Carnot

from: 03/12/1887 till: 25/06/1894 color:opportunistrepublican text:"Sadi Carnot"

bar:Casimir-Perier

from: 27/06/1894 till: 16/01/1895 color:opportunistrepublican text:"Jean Casimir-Perier"

bar:Faure

from: 17/01/1895 till: 16/02/1899 color:opportunistrepublican text:"Félix Faure"

bar:Loubet

from: 18/02/1899 till: 18/02/1906 color:democraticalliance text:"Émile Loubet"

bar:Fallières

from: 18/02/1906 till: 18/02/1913 color:democraticalliance text:"Armand Fallières"

bar:Poincaré

from: 18/02/1913 till: 18/02/1920 color:democraticalliance text:"Raymond Poincaré"

bar:Deschanel

from: 18/02/1920 till: 21/09/1920 color:democraticalliance text:"Paul Deschanel"

bar:Millerand

from: 23/09/1920 till: 11/06/1924 color:independent text:"Alexandre Millerand"

bar:Doumergue

from: 13/06/1924 till: 13/06/1931 color:radical-socialist text:"Gaston Doumergue"

bar:Doumer

from: 13/06/1931 till: 07/05/1932 color:independent text:"Paul Doumer"

bar:Lebrun

from: 10/05/1932 till: 11/07/1940 color:democraticalliance text:"Albert Lebrun"

bar:Pétain

from: 11/07/1940 till: 19/08/1944 color:independent text:"Philippe Pétain"

bar:deGaulle

from: 03/06/1944 till: 26/01/1946 color:independent

from: 08/01/1959 till: 28/04/1969 color:gaullist text:"Charles de Gaulle"

bar:Gouin

from: 26/01/1946 till: 24/06/1946 color:sfio text:"Félix Gouin"

bar:Bidault

from: 24/06/1946 till: 28/11/1946 color:mrp text:"Georges Bidault"

bar:Auriol

from: 28/11/1946 till: 16/12/1946 color:sfio

from: 16/01/1947 till: 16/01/1954 color:sfio text:"Vincent Auriol"

bar:Blum

from: 16/12/1946 till: 16/01/1947 color:sfio text:"Léon Blum"

bar:Coty

from: 16/01/1954 till: 08/01/1959 color:cnip text:"René Coty"

bar:Pompidou

from: 20/06/1969 till: 02/04/1974 color:gaullist text:"Georges Pompidou"

bar:dEstaing

from: 27/05/1974 till: 21/05/1981 color:center-right text:"Valéry Giscard d'Estaing"

bar:Mitterrand

from: 21/05/1981 till: 17/05/1995 color:ps text:"François Mitterrand"

bar:Chirac

from: 17/05/1995 till: 16/05/2007 color:neo-gaullist text:"Jacques Chirac"

bar:Sarkozy

from: 16/05/2007 till: 15/05/2012 color:neo-gaullist text:"Nicolas Sarkozy"

bar:Hollande

from: 15/05/2012 till: 14/05/2017 color:ps text:"François Hollande"

bar:Macron

from: 14/05/2017 till: $today color:re text:"Emmanuel Macron"

}}

References

French republic

Presidents

de:Liste der Staatsoberhäupter Frankreichs#Zweite Republik

List of presidents of France

First Republic (1792–1804)

=National Convention=

=Directory=

=Consulate=

Second Republic (1848–1852)

=President of the Provisional Government of the Republic=

=President of the Executive Commission=

=Chief of the Executive Power=

=President of the Republic=

Third Republic (1870–1940)

=President of the Government of National Defense=

=Chief of the Executive Power=

=Presidents of the Republic=

French State (1940–1944)

=Chief of State=

Government-in-exile (1940–1944)

=President of the French National Committee=

Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946)

=Chairmen of the Provisional Government=

Fourth Republic (1946–1958)

=Presidents=

Fifth Republic (1958–''present'')

=Presidents=

Timeline

See also

References