List of quasars#First quasars found

| Associated with a possible planet microlensing event in the gravitational lens galaxy that is doubling the Twin Quasar's image.

| Proved interstellar scintillation due to the interstellar medium.

| In 1965, Soviet astronomer Nikolai S. Kardashev declared that this quasar was sending coded messages from an alien civilization.{{cite magazine|title=Toward the Edge of the Universe|magazine=Time Magazine|url= http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,901720,00.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080220093047/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,901720,00.html|url-status= dead|archive-date= 20 February 2008|date=May 21, 1965}}

| Its supermassive black hole is being ejected and will one day become a displaced quasar.

| TON 618 is a very distant and extremely luminous quasar—technically, a hyperluminous, broad-absorption line, radio-loud quasar—located near the North Galactic Pole in the constellation Canes Venatici.

| From the fact that two images of the same quasar are produced by gravitational lensing.

|

| From the fact that gravitational lensing of the quasar forms a near perfect Einstein cross, a concept in gravitational lensing.

|

| From the fact that there are three bright images of the same gravitationally lensed quasar.

| There are actually four images; the fourth is faint.

| From its appearance having similarity to the leaf of a clover. It has been gravitationally lensed into four images, of roughly similar appearance.

|

|The name comes from the shape of the extended emission, which is shaped like the handle of a teacup. The handle is a bubble shaped by quasar winds or small-scale radio jets.

|Low redshift, highly obscured type 2 quasar.

| 2

| YGKOW G1

| First gravitationally lensed object discovered

| 4

|

| Originally discovered as 3 lensed images, the fourth image is faint. It was the second gravitationally lensed quasar discovered.

| 4

| Huchra's Lens

| First Einstein Cross discovered

| 4

| RX J1131-1231's elliptical galaxy

| RX J1131-1231 is the name of the complex, quasar, host galaxy and lensing galaxy, together. The quasar's host galaxy is also lensed into a Chwolson ring about the lensing galaxy. The four images of the quasar are embedded in the ring image.

| 4{{cite journal | author=Magain, P. | author2=Surdej, J. | author3=Swings, J.-P. | author4=Borgeest, U. | author5=Kayser, R. | title=Discovery of a quadruply lensed quasar - The 'clover leaf' H1413 + 117| journal=Nature | date=1988 | volume=334 | issue=6180 | pages=325–327 | bibcode=1988Natur.334..325M | doi=10.1038/334325a0| s2cid=4366260 }}

|

| Brightest known high-redshift source of CO emission{{cite journal | last1=Venturini | first1=S. | last2=Solomon | first2=P. M. | title=The Molecular Disk in the Cloverleaf Quasar | date=2003 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=590 | issue=2 | pages=740–745 | doi=10.1086/375050 | bibcode=2003ApJ...590..740V|arxiv=astro-ph/0210529| s2cid=761080 }}

| 6

| CLASS B1359+154 and three more galaxies

| First sextuply-imaged galaxy

| 5

| Galaxy cluster at z = 0.68

| First quasar discovered to be multiply image-lensed by a galaxy cluster and currently the third largest quasar lens with the separation between images of 15{{pprime}}{{cite journal | last1=Inada | first1=N. |display-authors=etal | year=2003 | title=A Gravitationally lensed quasar with quadruple images separated by 14.62 arcseconds | journal=Nature | volume=426 | issue=6968| pages=810–812 |arxiv=astro-ph/0312427|bibcode=2003Natur.426..810I | doi=10.1038/nature02153| pmid=14685230 | s2cid=4411894 }}{{cite journal | last1=Oguri | first1=M. |display-authors=etal | year=2004 | title=Observations and Theoretical Implications of the Large-Separation Lensed Quasar SDSS J1004+4112 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=605 | issue=1 | pages=78–97 | arxiv=astro-ph/0312429 |bibcode=2004ApJ...605...78O | doi=10.1086/382221| s2cid=15594674 }}{{cite journal | last1=Inada | first1=N. |display-authors=etal | year=2005 | title=Discovery of a Fifth Image of the Large Separation Gravitationally Lensed Quasar SDSS J1004+4112 | journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan | volume=57 | issue=3| pages=L7–L10 |doi=10.1093/pasj/57.3.L7 |arxiv=astro-ph/0503310|bibcode=2005PASJ...57L...7I}}

| 3

| Galaxy cluster at z = 0.6

| The current largest-separation quasar lens with 22.6{{pprime}} separation between furthest images{{cite journal |bibcode=2006ApJ...653L..97I|arxiv=astro-ph/0611275|doi=10.1086/510671|title=SDSS J1029+2623: A Gravitationally Lensed Quasar with an Image Separation of 22."5|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=653|issue=2|pages=L97–L100|year=2006|last1=Inada|first1=Naohisa|s2cid=7368712|display-authors=etal}}{{cite journal |bibcode=2008ApJ...676L...1O|arxiv=0802.0002|doi=10.1086/586897|title=The Third Image of the Large-Separation Lensed Quasar SDSS J1029+2623|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=676|pages=L1–L4|year=2008|last1=Oguri|first1=Masamune|issue=1|s2cid=740758|display-authors=etal}}{{cite journal |bibcode=2011ApJ...728L..18K|arxiv=1008.2315|doi=10.1088/2041-8205/728/1/L18|title=Analyzing the Flux Anomalies of the Large-Separation Lensed Quasar SDSS J1029+2623|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=728|pages=L18|year=2011|last1=Kratzer|first1=Rachael M|issue=1|s2cid=119154857|display-authors=etal}}

| 6

| Galaxy cluster at z = 0.49

| First sextuply-lensed galaxyScienceDaily, [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/08/130807125945.htm "Quasar Observed in Six Separate Light Reflections"], 7 August 2013 Third quasar discovered to be lensed by a galaxy cluster. Quasar located at z = 2.82{{cite journal |arxiv=1211.1091 |bibcode=2013ApJ...773..146D |doi=10.1088/0004-637X/773/2/146|title=SDSS J2222+2745: A Gravitationally Lensed Sextuple Quasar with a Maximum Image Separation of 15.1{{pprime}} Discovered in the Sloan Giant Arcs Survey |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=773 |issue=2 |pages=146 |year=2013 |last1=Dahle |first1=H.|s2cid=89604876 |display-authors=etal}}

: 4C 11.50 (z = 0.436)

: QSO B1548+115B (z = 1.901)

| 2

|SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=QSO+1548%2B115 Object query : QSO 1548+115]{{cite book |last1=Burke |first1=Bernard F. |chapter=Gravitational lenses - Observations |date=1986 |title=Quasars, Proceedings of the IAU Symposium, Bangalore, India, 2–6 December 1985 |volume=119 |publisher=D. Reidel Publishing Co. |pages=517 |bibcode=1986IAUS..119..517B}}

| 8

|SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=QSO+1146%2B111 Object query : QSO 1146+111]

| 4

| First quasar quartet discovered.Space Daily, [http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Astronomers_Baffled_by_Discovery_of_Rare_Quasar_Quartet_999.html "Astronomers Baffled by Discovery of Rare Quasar Quartet"], 18 May 2015{{cite journal |title=Quasar Quartet Embedded in Giant Nebula Reveals Rare Massive Structure in Distant Universe |author1=Hennawi, Joseph F. |author2=Prochaska, J. Xavier |author3=Cantalupo, Sebastiano |author4=Arrigoni-Battaia, Fabrizio |date=15 May 2015 |volume=348 |number=6236 |pages=779–783 |journal=Science |doi=10.1126/science.aaa5397 |bibcode=2015Sci...348..779H |arxiv=1505.03786 |pmid=25977547|s2cid=35281881 }}

| 3

| First quasar triplet discovered.
It was first discovered as a binary quasar, before the third quasar was found.{{cite magazine |author=Robert Naeye |date=10 January 2007 |magazine=Sky & Telescope |url=http://www.skyandtelescope.com/news/5141272.html |title=The First Triple Quasar}}

:Q2345+007A

:Q2345+007B

| 2

| Originally thought to be a doubly imaged quasar, but actually a quasar couplet.{{cite magazine |author=Alan MacRobert |date=7 July 2006 |magazine=Sky & Telescope |url=http://www.skyandtelescope.com/news/3305801.html |title=Binary Quasar Is No Illusion}}

| 3

| SpaceDaily, [http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Extremely_rare_triple_quasar_found_999.html "Extremely rare triple quasar found"], 14 March 2013 (accessed 14 March 2013)

| 5

| First LQG discovered. At the time of its discovery, it was the largest structure known.{{cite journal |bibcode=1982MNRAS.199..683W|doi=10.1093/mnras/199.3.683|title=The clustering of quasars from an objective-prism survey|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=199|issue=3|pages=683–705|year=1982|last1=Webster|first1=A|doi-access=free}}{{cite book |last1=Clowes |first1=Roger |chapter=Large Quasar Groups - A Short Review |editor-last1=Clowes |editor-first1=Roger|editor-last2=Adamson |editor-first2=Andrew |editor-last3=Bromage |editor-first3=Gordon |title=The new era of wide field astronomy : proceedings of a conference held at the Centre for Astrophysics, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom, 21-24 August 2000 |journal=The New Era of Wide Field Astronomy |date=2001 |volume=232 |page=108 |publisher=Astronomical Society of the Pacific |bibcode=2001ASPC..232..108C |isbn=1-58381-065-X}}

| 73

| The largest structure known in the observable universe, as of 2013. {{cite journal | last1=Clowes | first1=Roger G. | last2=Harris | first2=Kathryn A. | last3=Raghunathan | first3=Srinivasan | last4=Campusano | first4=Luis E. | last5=Soechting | first5=Ilona K. | last6=Graham | first6=Matthew J. | year=2013| title=A structure in the early universe at z ~ 1.3 that exceeds the homogeneity scale of the R-W concordance cosmology | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=429| issue=4| pages=2910–2916| doi=10.1093/mnras/sts497 | doi-access=free |arxiv=1211.6256|bibcode=2013MNRAS.429.2910C}}ScienceDaily, [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/01/130111092539.htm "Biggest Structure in Universe: Large Quasar Group Is 4 Billion Light Years Across"], Royal Astronomical Society, 11 January 2013 (accessed 13 January 2013)

| 4c

| First quasar discovered with superluminal jetsNew Scientist, [https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12917605.700-quasar-jets-and-cosmic-engines-some-galaxies-spew-out-vastamounts-of-material-into-space-at-velocities-close-to-that-of-lightastronomers-still-dont-know-why-.html Quasar jets and cosmic engines: Some galaxies spew out vast amounts of material into space at velocities close to that of light. Astronomers still don't know why], 16 March 1991[http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/agn/3c279.html The superluminal radio source in the gamma-ray blazar 3C 279]

| 7.6c

| Fifth discovered, first with double lobes{{cite journal |bibcode=1981Natur.294...47P |doi=10.1038/294047a0|title=Superluminal quasar 3C179 with double radio lobes|journal=Nature|volume=294|issue=5836|pages=47–49|year=1981|last1=Porcas|first1=R. W|s2cid=4242168}}

|

| This is also the first quasar ever identified[https://web.archive.org/web/20090911183842/http://www.newspaperarchive.com/LandingPage.aspx?type=glpnews&search=superluminal%20quasar&img=%5C%5Cna0003%5C6770450%5C26475536.html Daily Intelligencer, The May 29, 1981];

|

|

|

|{{cite news |author=Walter Sullivan |newspaper=The New York Times |title=If Nothing Is Faster than Light, What's Going On? |date=27 December 1983 |page=C1 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/12/27/science/if-nothing-is-faster-than-light-what-s-going-on.html?sec=health&pagewanted=1}}

|

|

|

|

|

|{{Cite journal |last1=Marscher |first1=Alan P. |last2=Schaffer |first2=David B. |last3=Booth |first3=Roy S. |last4=Geldzahler |first4=Barry J. |date=1987-08-01 |title=Multifrequency VLBI Observations of 4C 39.25: A Superluminal Source without a Well-defined Core |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987ApJ...319L..69M/abstract |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=319 |pages=L69 |doi=10.1086/184956 |bibcode=1987ApJ...319L..69M |issn=0004-637X}}

|

|

|

|

| rowspan="3" | 3C 48

| rowspan="3" | 1960

| rowspan="3" |

| rowspan="3" | First radio source for which optical identification was found, that was a star-like looking object

| 3C 273

| 1962

|

| First radio-"star" found to be at a high redshift with a non-stellar spectrum.

| QSO B1246+377 (BSO 1)

| 1965

|

| The first radio-quiet quasi-stellar objects (QSO) were called Blue Stellar Objects or BSO, because they appeared like stars and were blue in color. They also had spectra and redshifts like radio-loud quasi-stellar radio-sources (QSR), so became quasars.{{cite journal|last1=Collin|first1=Suzy|volume=861|pages=587–595|year=2006|doi=10.1063/1.2399629|title=Quasars and Galactic Nuclei, a Half-Century Agitated Story |journal=AIP Conference Proceedings |bibcode=2006AIPC..861..587C|arxiv=astro-ph/0604560|s2cid=14346374}}{{cite magazine |magazine=Time |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,898892,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423044527/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,898892,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 April 2008 |title=The Quasi-Quasars |date=18 June 1965}}SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=BSO+1 Object query : BSO 1], QSO B1246+377 -- Quasar

| 3C 48

| 1982

|

|

| HE0450-2958 (Naked Quasar)

| 2005

|

| Some disputed observations suggest a host galaxy, others do not.

| PG 1302-102

| 2014

| Binary supermassive black holes within the quasar

| {{cite news |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2015/01/supermassive-black-hole-binary-discovered/ |title=Supermassive black hole binary discovered |author=Xaq Rzetelny |date=8 January 2015 }} {{cite journal |title=A possible close supermassive black-hole binary in a quasar with optical periodicity |doi=10.1038/nature14143 |arxiv=1501.01375 |date=25 July 2014 |publication-date=7 January 2015 |author=Matthew J. Graham |author2=S. George Djorgovski |author3=Daniel Stern |author4=Eilat Glikman |author5=Andrew J. Drake|author6=Ashish A. Mahabal |author7=Ciro Donalek|author8=Steve Larson |author9=Eric Christensen |journal=Nature |bibcode=2015Natur.518...74G |volume=518 |issue=7537 |pages=74–76 |pmid=25561176|s2cid=4459433 }}

| SDSS J0927+2943

| 2008

|

| Two optical emission line systems separated by 2650 km/s

| Twin Quasar

| 1979

| Lensed into 2 images

| The lens is a galaxy known as YGKOW G1

| 3C 279

| 1971

|

|{{cite book |last1=Unwin |first1=Stephen C.|chapter=Superluminal motion in the quasar 3C279 |date=1987 |bibcode=1987slrs.work...34U |title=Superluminal radio sources; Proceedings of the Workshop, Pasadena, Calif., 28–30 October 1986 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=34–39}}{{cite book |last1=Preuss |first1=E. |chapter=The Beginnings of VLBI at the 100-m Radio Telescope |title=6th European VLBI Network Symposium on New Developments in VLBI Science and Technology, held in Bonn, 25–28 June 25 2002 |journal=Proceedings of the 6th EVN Symposium |editor=E. Ros |editor2=R. W. Porcas |editor3=A. P. Lobanov |editor4=J. A. Zensus |publisher=Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie |page=1|date=2002 |bibcode=2002evn..conf....1P}}

| 3C 47

| 1964

|

|

| 3C 273

| 1967

|

|{{cite magazine |magazine=Time |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,899648,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081215134735/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,899648,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 December 2008 |title=X Rays from a Quasar |date=14 July 1967}}

| QSO J0303-0019 and QSO J0005-0006

| 2010

|

| Discovery News, [http://news.discovery.com/space/primordial-dust-free-monsters-lurk-at-the-edge-of-the-universe.html "Primordial 'Dust Free' Monsters Lurk at the Edge of the Universe"], Ian O'Neill, 18 March 2010 (accessed 6 April 2010)DNA India, [http://www.dnaindia.com/scitech/report_astronomers-discover-most-primitive-supermassive-black-holes-known_1361051 "Astronomers discover most primitive supermassive black holes known"], ANI, 19 March 2010 (accessed 6 April 2010){{cite news |newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/Most-primitive-supermassive-black-holes-known-discovered/articleshow/5701420.cms |title=Most primitive supermassive black holes known 'discovered' |date=19 March 2010 |agency=Press Trust of India |access-date=6 April 2010}}{{cite journal |bibcode=2010Natur.464..380J |doi=10.1038/nature08877|pmid=20237563|title=Dust-free quasars in the early Universe|journal=Nature|volume=464|issue=7287|pages=380–383|year=2010|last1=Jiang|first1=Linhua|last2=Fan|first2=Xiaohui|last3=Brandt|first3=W. N|last4=Carilli|first4=Chris L|last5=Egami|first5=Eiichi|last6=Hines|first6=Dean C|last7=Kurk|first7=Jaron D|last8=Richards|first8=Gordon T|last9=Shen|first9=Yue|last10=Strauss|first10=Michael A|last11=Vestergaard|first11=Marianne|last12=Walter|first12=Fabian|arxiv=1003.3432|s2cid=4317805}}Scientific Computing, [http://www.scientificcomputing.com/news-DS-Fast-growing-Primitive-Black-Holes-found-in-Distant-Quasars-032310.aspx "Fast-growing Primitive Black Holes found in Distant Quasars "] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226212156/http://www.scientificcomputing.com/news-DS-Fast-growing-Primitive-Black-Holes-found-in-Distant-Quasars-032310.aspx |date=26 February 2012 }} (accessed 4 April 2010)SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?submit=display&bibdisplay=refsum&bibyear1=1850&bibyear2=2010&Ident=@4168704&Name=QSO+J0303-0019#lab_bib "QSO J0303-0019"] (accessed 4 April 2010)SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?submit=display&bibdisplay=refsum&bibyear1=1850&bibyear2=2010&Ident=@1368545&Name=QSO+J0005-0006#lab_bib "QSO J0005-0006"] (accessed 4 April 2010)

| Webster LQG
(LQG 1)

| 1982

|

|

| 3C 273

| Apparent magnitude of ~12.9

| Absolute magnitude: −26.7

| APM 08279+5255

| Seeming absolute magnitude of −32.2

| This quasar is gravitationally lensed; its actual absolute magnitude is estimated to be −30.5

| SMSS J215728.21-360215.1

| Absolute magnitude of −32.36

| Highest absolute magnitude discovered thus far.

| 3C 273

|

| Also the most powerful radio source in the sky

| SMSS J215728.21-360215.1

|

|

| QSO J1819+3845 (Q1817+387)

|

| Also the most variable extrasolar radio source

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

| UHZ1

| z = 10.1

| Most distant quasar known as of 2023

|

|

|

| QSO J1427+3312

| z = 6.12

| Found June 2008[http://www.physorg.com/news131979058.html Radio astronomers detect 'baby quasar' near the edge of the visible Universe], 13:50 EST, 6 June 2008SIMBAD, [http://simbad.harvard.edu/simbad/sim-id?Ident=QSO+J1427%2B3312+&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id Object query : QSO J1427+3312], QSO J1427+3312 -- Quasar

| PSO J0309+27

| z > 6

|

| Markarian 231

| 600 Mly

| {{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/31/us/double-black-hole-nasa-hubble-feat/|title = Double black hole is powering quasar, astronomers find|website = CNN|date = 31 August 2015}} inactive: IC 2497

| Huge-LQG (U1.27)

| 73 quasars

|

|SMSS J052915.80–435152.0
(QSO J0529-4351)

|~ 413 solar masses per year (using standard radiative efficiency);
~ 370 solar masses per year (using best-fit slim disc model)

|{{Cite web |last=European Southern Observatory |title=Brightest and fastest-growing: astronomers identify record-breaking quasar |url=https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso2402/ |access-date=2024-02-19 |website=www.eso.org |language=en}}{{Cite web |url=https://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso2402/eso2402a.pdf |title=The accretion of a solar mass per day by a 17-billion solar mass black hole |last1=Wolf |first1=Christian |last2=Lai |first2=Samuel |date=2023-12-21 |website=www.eso.org |access-date=2024-02-20}}

|+ First 10 Quasars Identified

| 3C 273

| 1963

|

| 3C 48

| 1963

|

| 3C 47

| 1964

|

| 3C 147

| 1964

|

| CTA 102

| 1965

|{{cite journal |last1=Shields |first1=Gregory A. |title=A Brief History of Active Galactic Nuclei |journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific |date=June 1999 |volume=111 |issue=760 |pages=661–678 |arxiv=astro-ph/9903401 |bibcode=1999PASP..111..661S |doi=10.1086/316378|s2cid=18953602 }}; {{cite web |last=Shields |first=G. |title=A Brief History of AGN |url=http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept04/Shields/Shields3.html |website=nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu}}

| 3C 287

| 1965

|

| 3C 254

| 1965

|

| 3C 245

| 1965

|

| 3C 9

| 1965

|

|+ Quasars with z > 6{{cite journal |last1=Schneider |first1=Donald P. |display-authors=etal |title=The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog. III. Third Data Release |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=August 2005 |volume=130 |issue=2 |pages=367–380 |doi=10.1086/431156|arxiv=astro-ph/0503679 |bibcode=2005AJ....130..367S |s2cid=21213675 }}

|z = 10.1

|Most distant quasar known {{As of|2023|lc=y}}

| z = 7.64

| Former most distant quasar.{{citation|work=Science News|title=The most ancient supermassive black hole is bafflingly big|author=Maria Temming|date=January 18, 2021|url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/most-ancient-supermassive-black-hole-quasar-bafflingly-big}}

| z = 7.54

| Former most distant quasar. {{cite journal |title= The z = 7.54 Quasar ULAS J1342+0928 Is Hosted by a Galaxy Merger |author= Eduardo Banados, Mladen Novak, Marcel Neeleman, Fabian Walter, Roberto Decarli, Bram P. Venemans, Chiara Mazzucchelli, Chris Carilli, Feige Wang, Xiaohui Fan, Emanuele P. Farina, Hans-Walter Rix |journal= The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume= 881 |number= 1 |pages= L23 |id= L23 |publication-date= August 2019 |doi= 10.3847/2041-8213/ab3659 |doi-access= free |arxiv= 1909.00027 |bibcode= 2019ApJ...881L..23B }}

| z = 7.52

| {{Cite journal |title=Pōniuā'ena: A Luminous z = 7.5 Quasar Hosting a 1.5 Billion Solar Mass Black Hole |author1=Jinyi Yang |author2=Feige Wang |author3=Xiaohui Fan |author4=Joseph F. Hennawi |author5=Frederick B. Davies |author6=Minghao Yue |author7=Eduardo Banados |author8=Xue-Bing Wu |author9=Bram Venemans |author10=Aaron J. Barth |author11=Fuyan Bian |author12=Konstantina Boutsia |author13=Roberto Decarli |author14=Emanuele Paolo Farina |author15=Richard Green |author16=Linhua Jiang |author17=Jiang-Tao Li |author18=Chiara Mazzucchelli |author19=Fabian Walter |date=24 June 2020 |publication-date= July 2020 |journal= The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume= 897 |number=1 |pages=L14 |id=L14 |doi=10.3847/2041-8213/ab9c26 |doi-access=free |arxiv=2006.13452 |bibcode=2020ApJ...897L..14Y }} {{Citation |title= UHZ1 and the other three most distant quasars observed: possible evidence for Supermassive Dark Stars |author= Cosmin Ilie, Katherine Freese, Andreea Petric, Jillian Paulin |bibcode= 2023arXiv231213837I |arxiv= 2312.13837 |date= 21 December 2023 }}

| z = 7.085

| Former most distant quasar. First quasar with z > 7.

|z = 7.02

|{{Cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Feige |last2=Yang |first2=Jinyi |last3=Fan |first3=Xiaohui |last4=Yue |first4=Minghao |last5=Wu |first5=Xue-Bing |last6=Schindler |first6=Jan-Torge |last7=Bian |first7=Fuyan |last8=Li |first8=Jiang-Tao |last9=Farina |first9=Emanuele P. |last10=Bañados |first10=Eduardo |last11=Davies |first11=Frederick B. |last12=Decarli |first12=Roberto |last13=Green |first13=Richard |last14=Jiang |first14=Linhua |last15=Hennawi |first15=Joseph F. |date=December 2018 |title=The Discovery of a Luminous Broad Absorption Line Quasar at a Redshift of 7.02 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters |language=en |volume=869 |issue=1 |pages=L9 |doi=10.3847/2041-8213/aaf1d2 |doi-access=free |arxiv=1810.11925 |bibcode=2018ApJ...869L...9W |issn=2041-8205}}

|z = 7.01

|{{Cite journal |last1=Matsuoka |first1=Yoshiki |last2=Iwasawa |first2=Kazushi |last3=Onoue |first3=Masafusa |last4=Kashikawa |first4=Nobunari |last5=Strauss |first5=Michael A. |last6=Lee |first6=Chien-Hsiu |last7=Imanishi |first7=Masatoshi |last8=Nagao |first8=Tohru |last9=Akiyama |first9=Masayuki |last10=Asami |first10=Naoko |last11=Bosch |first11=James |last12=Furusawa |first12=Hisanori |last13=Goto |first13=Tomotsugu |last14=Gunn |first14=James E. |last15=Harikane |first15=Yuichi |date=2019-10-01 |title=Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). X. Discovery of 35 Quasars and Luminous Galaxies at 5.7 ≤ z ≤ 7.0 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=883 |issue=2 |pages=183 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/ab3c60 |doi-access=free |arxiv=1908.07910 |bibcode=2019ApJ...883..183M |issn=0004-637X}}

|z = 7.00

|{{Cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Feige |last2=Davies |first2=Frederick B. |last3=Yang |first3=Jinyi |last4=Hennawi |first4=Joseph F. |last5=Fan |first5=Xiaohui |last6=Barth |first6=Aaron J. |last7=Jiang |first7=Linhua |last8=Wu |first8=Xue-Bing |last9=Mudd |first9=Dale M. |last10=Bañados |first10=Eduardo |last11=Bian |first11=Fuyan |last12=Decarli |first12=Roberto |last13=Eilers |first13=Anna-Christina |last14=Farina |first14=Emanuele Paolo |last15=Venemans |first15=Bram |date=June 2020 |title=A Significantly Neutral Intergalactic Medium Around the Luminous z = 7 Quasar J0252-0503 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |language=en |volume=896 |issue=1 |pages=23 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/ab8c45 |doi-access=free |arxiv=2004.10877 |bibcode=2020ApJ...896...23W |issn=0004-637X}}

| z = 6.90

|

|z = 6.82

|Currently the most distant radio-loud known quasar

|z = 6.49

|

| z = 6.43

| Former most distant quasar.

| z = 6.419

| Former most distant quasar.{{Cite journal|arxiv=astro-ph/0307408 |title=High-excitation CO in a quasar host galaxy at z = 6.42 |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=409 |issue=3 |pages=L47–L50 |last1=Bertoldi |first1=F |display-authors=etal|year=2003 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20031345 |bibcode=2003A&A...409L..47B |s2cid = 14799311}}{{Cite arXiv |title=Origin of supermassive black holes |eprint=0709.0070|last1=Dokuchaev|first1=V. I|last2=Eroshenko|first2=Yu. N| last3= Rubin|first3=S. G|class=astro-ph|year=2007}}{{cite journal |last1=White |first1=Richard L. |last2=Becker |first2=Robert H. |last3=Fan |first3=Xiaohui |last4=Strauss |first4=Michael A. |title=Probing the Ionization State of the Universe at z > 6 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=July 2003 |volume=126 |issue=1 |pages=1–14 |doi=10.1086/375547 |arxiv=astro-ph/0303476 |bibcode=2003AJ....126....1W |s2cid=51505828 }}

| z = 6.28

| Former most distant quasar. First quasar with z > 6.

| z = 6.23

|

| z = 6.22

|{{Cite journal|arxiv=0704.2053 |title=Millimeter and Radio Observations of z~6 Quasars |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=134 |issue=2 |pages=617–627 |last1=Wang |first1=Ran |display-authors=etal |year=2007 |doi=10.1086/518867 |bibcode=2007AJ....134..617W |s2cid=17334898 }}

| z = 6.13

|

| z = 6.13

|

| z = 6.12

|

| z = 6.12

| Most distant radio-quasar.SIMBAD, [http://simbad4.cfa.harvard.edu:8080/simbad/sim-id?submit=display&bibdisplay=refsum&bibyear1=1850&bibyear2=2008&Ident=@3773195&Name=QSO+B1425%2B3326 Object query : QSO B1425+3326] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912005852/http://simbad4.cfa.harvard.edu:8080/simbad/sim-id?submit=display&bibdisplay=refsum&bibyear1=1850&bibyear2=2008&Ident=@3773195&Name=QSO+B1425%2B3326 |date=2009-09-12 }}, QSO J1427+3312 -- Quasar

| z = 6.07

|

| z = 6.05

|

| z = 6.04

|

| z = 6.01

|

| z = 6.00

|

| z = 5.99

| {{cite journal |last1=Fan |first1=Xiaohui |display-authors=etal |title=A Survey of z > 5.8 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I. Discovery of Three New Quasars and the Spatial Density of Luminous Quasars at z ~ 6 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=December 2001 |volume=122 |issue=6 |pages=2833–2849 |doi=10.1086/324111|arxiv=astro-ph/0108063 |bibcode=2001AJ....122.2833F |s2cid=119339804 }}

• z > 6 quasars are used to explore the reionization era

|+ Most Distant Quasar by Type

| UHZ1

| 2023

| z = 10.2

|

| QSO B1425+3326 / QSO J1427+3312

| 2008

| z = 6.12

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|+ Most Distant Quasar Titleholders

! Quasar

! width=80|Date

! width=60|Distance

! Notes

| 2023–

| z = 10.2

| Current distance record holder {{citation |title= UHZ1 and the other three most distant quasars observed: possible evidence for Supermassive Dark Stars |date= 21 December 2023 |author= Cosmin Ilie, Katherine Freese, Andreea Petric, Jillian Paulin |arxiv= 2312.13837 }} {{Cite web |title= APOD: 2023 November 10 - UHZ1: Distant Galaxy and Black Hole |url= https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap231110.html |date= 10 November 2023 |access-date= 2023-11-10 |work= Astronomy Photo of the Day |publisher= NASA }}

| 2021–2023

| z = 7.64

|

| 2017–2021

| z = 7.54

| {{cite journal |author=Bañados, Eduardo|display-authors=etal|title=An 800-million-solar-mass black hole in a significantly neutral Universe at a redshift of 7.5 |date=6 December 2017 |journal=Nature |volume=553 |issue=7689 |pages=473–476 |doi=10.1038/nature25180 |arxiv=1712.01860 |bibcode=2018Natur.553..473B |pmid=29211709 |s2cid=205263326}}

| 2011–2017

| z = 7.085

| Not the most distant object when discovered. First quasar with z > 7.Scientific American, [http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=farthest-quasar "Brilliant, but Distant: Most Far-Flung Known Quasar Offers Glimpse into Early Universe"], John Matson, 29 June 2011

| 2007–2011

| z = 6.43

| Not the most distant object when discovered. It did not exceed IOK-1 (z = 6.96), which was discovered in 2006.Discovery.com [http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2007/06/07/quasar_spa.html Black Hole Is Most Distant Ever Found] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080616003424/http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2007/06/07/quasar_spa.html |date=2008-06-16 }} 7 June 2007{{cite journal | last=Willott |first=C. J.| title=Four Quasars above Redshift 6 Discovered by the Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=134 | issue=6 | pages=2435–2450 | date=2007 | doi=10.1086/522962 |display-authors=etal | bibcode=2007AJ....134.2435W|arxiv=0706.0914|s2cid=9718805}}CFHQS UOttawa, [http://www.science.uottawa.ca/~cwillott/cfhqs.html Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505004620/http://www.science.uottawa.ca/~cwillott/cfhqs.html |date=2008-05-05 }}CFH UHawaii, [http://www.cfht.hawaii.edu/News/Quasars07/ Astronomers find most distant black hole]{{cite journal |bibcode=2006Natur.443..186I |doi=10.1038/nature05104|pmid=16971942|arxiv=astro-ph/0609393|title=A galaxy at a redshift z = 6.96 |journal=Nature|volume=443|issue=7108|pages=186–8|year=2006|last1=Iye|first1=Masanori|s2cid=2876103|display-authors=etal}}BBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6292024.stm Astronomers claim galaxy record], 11 July 2007, 17:10 GMT 18:10 UK

| 2003–2007

| z = 6.419

| Not the most distant object when discovered. It did not exceed HCM 6A galaxy lensed by Abell 370 at z = 6.56, discovered in 2002. Also discovered around the time of discovery was a new most distant galaxy, SDF J132418.3+271455 at z = 6.58.{{Cite journal|arxiv=astro-ph/0603121 |title=350 Micron Dust Emission from High Redshift Quasars |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=642 |issue=2 |pages=694–701 |last1=Beelen |first1=A. |display-authors=etal |year=2006 |doi=10.1086/500636 |bibcode=2006ApJ...642..694B |s2cid=118902314 }}New Scientist, [https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn2046-new-record-for-universes-most-distant-object.html New record for Universe's most distant object], 17:19 14 March 2002BBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/1871043.stm Far away stars light early cosmos], 14 March 2002, 11:38 GMTBBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/2884411.stm Most distant galaxy detected], 25 March 2003, 14:28 GMT{{cite journal |title=A Redshift z = 6.56 Galaxy behind the Cluster Abell 370 |last1=Hu |first1=E. M. |display-authors=etal |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume=568 |issue=2 |date=5 March 2002 |pages=L75–L79 |doi=10.1086/340424 |bibcode=2002ApJ...568L..75H|arxiv=astro-ph/0203091 |s2cid=117047333 }}{{Cite journal|arxiv=astro-ph/0301096| last1=Kodaira|first1=K|title=The Discovery of Two Lyman α Emitters Beyond Redshift 6 in the Subaru Deep Field| journal= Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan|volume=55|issue=2|pages=L17–L21|display-authors=etal| year=2003| doi=10.1093/pasj/55.2.L17| bibcode=2003PASJ...55L..17K}}

| SDSS J1030+0524
(SDSSp J103027.10+052455.0)

| 2001–2003

| z = 6.28

| Most distant object when discovered. First object with z > 6.{{Cite journal|arxiv=astro-ph/0112075 |title=VLT observations of the z = 6.28 quasar SDSS 1030+0524 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=123 |issue=5 |pages=2151 |last1=Pentericci |first1=L |display-authors=etal |year=2002 |doi=10.1086/340077 |bibcode=2002AJ....123.2151P | s2cid=119041760 }}{{cite journal |title= A Constraint on the Gravitational Lensing Magnification and Age of the Redshift z = 6.28 Quasar SDSS 1030+0524|last1=Haiman |first1=Zoltán |last2=Cen |first2=Renyue |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=578 |issue=2 |year=2002 |pages=702–7 |doi=10.1086/342610 |bibcode=2002ApJ...578..702H |arxiv=astro-ph/0205143 |s2cid=12005897 }}{{cite journal |bibcode= 2004ApJ...611L..13F | arxiv=astro-ph/0406561|doi=10.1086/423669|title=The X-Ray Spectrum of the z = 6.30 QSO SDSS J1030+0524 |journal= The Astrophysical Journal| volume=611 |pages=L13| year=2004| last1=Farrah |first1=D| last2=Priddey |first2=R| last3=Wilman |first3=R|last4=Haehnelt|first4=M|last5=McMahon|first5=R| issue=1| s2cid=14854831}}

| SDSS 1044-0125
(SDSSp J104433.04-012502.2)

| 2000–2001

| z = 5.82

| Most distant object when discovered. It exceeded galaxy SSA22-HCM1 (z = 5.74; discovered in 1999) as the most distant object.{{cite magazine |title=International Team of Astronomers Finds Most Distant Object |date=Summer 2000 |magazine =Science Journal |volume=17 |issue=1 |publisher=Eberly College of Science, PennState |url =http://www.science.psu.edu/journal/Sum2000/DistObj.htm |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090912024541/http://www.science.psu.edu/journal/Sum2000/DistObj.htm |archive-date=12 September 2009}}{{cite journal|title=An Extremely Luminous Galaxy at z = 5.74|last1=Hu |first1=Esther M. |last2=McMahon |first2=Richard G. |last3= Cowie |first3=Lennox L.|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume=522 |issue=1 |date=3 August 1999 |pages=L9–L12 |doi=10.1086/312205|bibcode=1999ApJ...522L...9H |arxiv=astro-ph/9907079 |s2cid=119499546 }}{{cite news |date=5 June 2001 |publisher=PennState Eberly College of Science |url=http://www.science.psu.edu/alert/Schneider6-2001.htm |title=Discovery Announced of Two Most Distant Objects |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071121093952/http://www.science.psu.edu/alert/Schneider6-2001.htm |archive-date=2007-11-21}}SDSS, [http://www.sdss.org/news/releases/20010605.edr.html Early results from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: From under our nose to the edge of the universe], June 2001PennState Eberly College of Science, [http://www.science.psu.edu/alert/Brandt12-2000.htm X-rays from the Most Distant Quasar Captured with the XMM-Newton Satellite] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121231510/http://www.science.psu.edu/alert/Brandt12-2000.htm |date=2007-11-21 }}, Dec 2000SPACE.com, [http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/astronomy/distant_object_001201.html Most Distant Object in Universe Comes Closer], 1 December 2000

| 2000

| z = 5.50

| Not the most distant object when discovered. It did not surpass galaxy SSA22-HCM1 (z = 5.74; discovered in 1999).NOAO Newsletter - NOAO Highlights - March 2000 - Number 61, [http://www.noao.edu/noao/noaonews/mar00/node2.html The Most Distant Quasar Known]{{cite journal|title=Chandra Detection of a Type II Quasar at z = 3.288|last1=Stern |first1=Daniel |display-authors=etal|journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=568 |issue=1 |date=20 March 2002 |pages=71–81 |doi=10.1086/338886 |bibcode=2002ApJ...568...71S|arxiv=astro-ph/0111513 |s2cid=119014942 }}{{cite journal |last1=Stern |first1=Daniel |last2=Spinrad |first2=Hyron |last3=Eisenhardt |first3=Peter |last4=Bunker |first4=Andrew J. |last5=Dawson |first5=Steve |last6=Stanford |first6=S. A. |last7=Elston |first7=Richard |title=Discovery of a Color-selected Quasar at z = 5.50 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |date=20 April 2000 |volume=533 |issue=2 |pages=L75–L78 |doi=10.1086/312614|pmid=10770694 |arxiv=astro-ph/0002338 |bibcode=2000ApJ...533L..75S |s2cid=28118881 }}

| 2000

| z = 5.03

| Not the most distant object when discovered. It did not surpass galaxy SSA22-HCM1 (z = 5.74; discovered in 1999).UW-Madison Astronomy, [http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~stanway/research/highzobj.html Confirmed High Redshift (z > 5.5) Galaxies - (Last Updated 10 February 2005)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070618233852/http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~stanway/research/highzobj.html |date=2007-06-18 }}

| 1998–2000

| z = 5.00

| First quasar discovered with z > 5. Not the most distant object when discovered. It did not surpass galaxy BR1202-0725 LAE (z = 5.64; discovered earlier in 1998).SDSS 98-3 [http://www.sdss.org/news/releases/19981208.qso.html Scientists of Sloan Digital Sky Survey Discover Most Distant Quasar] Dec 1998{{cite journal |last1=Fan |first1=Xiaohui |display-authors=etal |title=High-Redshift Quasars Found in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data. IV. Luminosity Function from the Fall Equatorial Stripe Sample |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=January 2001 |volume=121 |issue=1 |pages=54–65 |doi=10.1086/318033|arxiv=astro-ph/0008123 |bibcode=2001AJ....121...54F |s2cid=119373674 }}SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=SDSSp+J033829.31%2B002156.3 Object query : SDSSp J033829.31+002156.3], QSO J0338+0021 -- Quasar{{cite news |author=Henry Fountain |date=15 December 1998 |title=Observatory: Finding Distant Quasars |newspaper=The New York Times |page=F5 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/15/science/observatory.html}}{{cite news |author=John Noble Wilford |date=20 October 1988 |title=Peering Back in Time, Astronomers Glimpse Galaxies Aborning |newspaper=The New York Times |page=F1 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/20/science/peering-back-in-time-astronomers-glimpse-galaxies-aborning.html?pagewanted=3}}

| PC 1247+3406

| 1991–1998

| z = 4.897

| Most distant object when discovered.{{cite journal |bibcode= 1994AJ....108.1147S| doi=10.1086/117143|title=Multicolor detection of high-redshift quasars, 2: Five objects with Z greater than or approximately equal to 4|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=108|pages=1147|year=1994|last1=Smith|first1=J. D | url=https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170213-133303949|display-authors=etal}}New Scientist, issue 1842, 10 October 1992, page 17, [https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13618423.200-science-infant-galaxys-light-show-.html Science: Infant galaxy's light show]FermiLab [http://www.princeton.edu/pr/news/98/q4/1208-skysur.htm Scientists of Sloan Digital Sky Survey Discover Most Distant Quasar] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912194951/http://www.princeton.edu/pr/news/98/q4/1208-skysur.htm |date=2009-09-12 }} 8 December 1998{{cite journal |bibcode=1998MNRAS.294L...7H|arxiv=astro-ph/9801026|doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01368.x| title=Discovery of radio-loud quasars with z = 4.72 and z = 4.010|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society| volume=294| pages=L7–L12|year=1998|last1=Hook|first1=I. M|last2=McMahon|first2=R. G|issue=1|doi-access=free }}

| PC 1158+4635

| 1989–1991

| z = 4.73

| Most distant object when discovered.{{cite journal |bibcode=1991AJ....101....5T|doi=10.1086/115663|title=Quasars and galaxy formation. I - the Z greater than 4 objects|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=101|pages=5|year=1991|last1=Turner|first1=Edwin L}}SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=PC+1158%2B4635 Object query : PC 1158+4635], QSO B1158+4635 -- Quasar{{cite journal |bibcode=1991NYASA.647...31C |doi=10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb32157.x|title=Young Galaxies|journal=Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences|volume=647|pages=31–41|year=1991|last1=Cowie|first1=Lennox L|issue=1 Texas/ESO-Cer|s2cid=222074763}}The New York Times, [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE0DB153AF933A15752C1A96F948260&scp=11&sq=most+distant+quasar&st=nyt Peering to Edge of Time, Scientists Are Astonished], 20 November 1989

| Q0051-279

| 1987–1989

| z = 4.43

| Most distant object when discovered.{{cite journal |bibcode=1987Natur.330..453W |doi=10.1038/330453a0|title=Quasars of redshift z = 4.43 and z = 4.07 in the South Galactic Pole field|journal=Nature|volume=330|issue=6147|pages=453|year=1987|last1=Warren|first1=S. J|last2=Hewett|first2=P. C|last3=Osmer|first3=P. S|last4=Irwin|first4=M. J|s2cid=4352819}}{{cite journal |bibcode=1988Ap.....29..657L |doi=10.1007/BF01005972|title=Absorption spectra of quasars| journal=Astrophysics |volume=29|issue=2 |pages=657–671 |year=1989| last1=Levshakov|first1=S. A|s2cid=122978350}}The New York Times, [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE3DF143CF937A25752C0A96E948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all Objects Detected in Universe May Be the Most Distant Ever Sighted], 14 January 1988{{cite news |author=John Noble Wilford |date=10 May 1988 |title=Astronomers Peer Deeper Into Cosmo |newspaper=The New York Times|page=C1 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/05/10/science/astronomers-peer-deeper-into-cosmos.html?pagewanted=all}}

| Q0000-26
(QSO B0000-26)

| 1987

| z = 4.11

| Most distant object when discovered.SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=Q0000-26 Object query : Q0000-26], QSO B0000-26 -- Quasar

| PC 0910+5625
(QSO B0910+5625)

| 1987

| z = 4.04

| Most distant object when discovered; second quasar with z > 4.{{cite journal |bibcode=1987ApJ...321L...7S|doi=10.1086/184996|title=PC 0910 + 5625 - an optically selected quasar with a redshift of 4.04|journal=The Astrophysical Journal| volume=321| pages=L7| year=1987| last1=Schmidt|first1=Maarten|last2=Schneider|first2=Donald P|last3=Gunn|first3=James E}}SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=PC+0910%2B5625&submit=SIMBAD+search Object query : PC 0910+5625], QSO B0910+5625 -- Quasar

| Q0046–293
(QSO J0048-2903)

| 1987

| z = 4.01

| Most distant object when discovered; first quasar with z > 4.{{cite journal |last1=Warren |first1=S. J. |last2=Hewett |first2=P. C. |last3=Irwin |first3=M. J. |last4=McMahon |first4=R. G. |last5=Bridgeland |first5=M. T. |last6=Bunclark |first6=P. S. |last7=Kibblewhite |first7=E. J. |title=First observation of a quasar with a redshift of 4 |journal=Nature |date=8 January 1987 |volume=325 |issue=6100 |pages=131–133 |doi=10.1038/325131a0 |bibcode=1987Natur.325..131W|s2cid=4335291 }}; [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=Q0046-293 First observation of a quasar with a redshift of 4]SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=Q0046-293 Object query : Q0046-293], QSO J0048-2903 -- Quasar

| Q1208+1011
(QSO B1208+1011)

| 1986–1987

| z = 3.80

| Most distant object when discovered and a gravitationally-lensed double-image quasar. From the time of discovery to 1991, had the least angular separation between images, 0.45{{pprime}}.SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=Q1208%2B1011 Object query : Q1208+1011], QSO B1208+1011 -- QuasarNewScientist, [https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13217953.100-science-quasar-doubles-help-to-fix-the-hubble-constant.html Quasar doubles help to fix the Hubble constant], 16 November 1991

| PKS 2000-330
(QSO J2003-3251, Q2000-330)

| 1982–1986

| z = 3.78

| Most distant object when discovered.Orwell Astronomical Society (Ipswich) - OASI; [http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~ipswich/Miscellaneous/Archived_astro_news.htm Archived Astronomy News Items, 1972 - 1997] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912004912/http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~ipswich/Miscellaneous/Archived_astro_news.htm |date=2009-09-12 }}SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=PKS+2000-330 Object query : PKS 2000-330], QSO J2003-3251 -- Quasar

| OQ172
(QSO B1442+101)

| 1974–1982

| z = 3.53

| Most distant object when discovered.SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=OQ172 Object query : OQ172], QSO B1442+101 -- Quasar

| OH471
(QSO B0642+449)

| 1973–1974

| z = 3.408

| Most distant object when discovered; first quasar with z > 3. Nicknamed "the blaze marking the edge of the universe".OSU Big Ear, [http://www.bigear.org/ohsmarkr/History_OSURO.htm History of the OSU Radio Observatory]{{cite magazine |magazine=Time |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,945213,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081214071937/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,945213,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 December 2008 |title=The Edge of Night |date=23 April 1973}}SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=OH471 Object query : OH471], QSO B0642+449 -- Quasar{{cite journal |last1=Warren |first1=S J |last2=Hewett |first2=P C |title=The detection of high-redshift quasars |journal=Reports on Progress in Physics |date=1 August 1990 |volume=53 |issue=8 |pages=1095–1135 |doi=10.1088/0034-4885/53/8/003|bibcode=1990RPPh...53.1095W }}

| 4C 05.34

| 1970–1973

| z = 2.877

| Most distant object when discovered. The redshift was so much greater than the previous record that it was believed to be erroneous, or spurious.Quasars and Pulsars, Dewey Bernard Larson, (c) 1971; [http://library.rstheory.com/books/qp/08.html CHAPTER VIII - Quasars: The General Picture] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080619084259/http://library.rstheory.com/books/qp/08.html |date=2008-06-19 }}; LOC 75-158894[http://www.reciprocalsystem.com/ce/q3y.htm QUASARS - THREE YEARS LATER], 1974 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912011312/http://www.reciprocalsystem.com/ce/q3y.htm |date=2009-09-12 }}{{cite journal |bibcode=1971ApJ...163..235B|doi=10.1086/150762|title=Some Inferences from Spectrophotometry of Quasi-Stellar Sources|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=163|pages=235|year=1971|last1=Bahcall|first1=John N|last2=Oke|first2=J. B}}

| 5C 02.56
(7C 105517.75+495540.95)

| 1968–1970

| z = 2.399

| Most distant object when discovered.{{cite journal |bibcode=1970Natur.226..532L |doi= 10.1038/226532a0 |title=The Unusually Large Redshift of 4C 05.34| journal=Nature| volume=226|issue=5245| pages=532| year=1970| last1=Lynds| first1=R| last2=Wills| first2=D|pmid=16057373| doi-access=free}}SIMBAD, [http://simbad.harvard.edu/simbad/sim-id?Ident=5C+02.56+&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id Object query : 5C 02.56], 7C 105517.75+495540.95 -- Quasar

| 4C 25.05
(4C 25.5)

| 1968

| z = 2.358

| Most distant object when discovered.{{cite journal |bibcode=1968ApJ...154L..41B|doi=10.1086/180265|title=The Distribution of Redshifts in Quasi-Stellar Objects, N-Systems and Some Radio and Compact Galaxies|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=154|pages=L41|year=1968|last1=Burbidge|first1=Geoffrey}}

| PKS 0237-23
(QSO B0237-2321)

| 1967–1968

| z = 2.225

| Most distant object when discovered.Time Magazine, [https://web.archive.org/web/20081215131450/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843526,00.html A Farther-Out Quasar], 7 April 1967SIMBAD, [http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=%401251167&Name=QSO%20B0237-2321 Object query : QSO B0237-2321], QSO B0237-2321 -- Quasar{{cite journal |bibcode=1967ApJ...147..851B|doi=10.1086/149072|title=On the Wavelengths of the Absorption Lines in Quasi-Stellar Objects|journal=The Astrophysical Journal| volume=147 |pages=851 |year=1967 |last1=Burbidge |first1=Geoffrey}}

| 4C 12.39
(Q1116+12, PKS 1116+12)

| 1966–1967

| z = 2.1291

| Most distant object when discovered.SIMBAD, [http://simbad.harvard.edu/simbad/sim-id?Ident=Q1116%2B12&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id Object query : Q1116+12], 4C 12.39 -- Quasar

| 4C 01.02
(Q0106+01, PKS 0106+1)

| 1965–1966

| z = 2.0990

| Most distant object when discovered.Time Magazine, [https://web.archive.org/web/20090911161032/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,899107-1,00.html The Man on the Mountain], Friday, Mar. 11, 1966SIMBAD, [http://simbad.harvard.edu/simbad/sim-id?Ident=Q0106%2B01&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id Object query : Q0106+01], 4C 01.02 -- Quasar

| 3C 9

| 1965

| z = 2.018

| Most distant object when discovered; first quasar with z > 2.{{cite book|author=Malcolm S. Longair|title=The Cosmic Century: A History of Astrophysics and Cosmology| url=https://archive.org/details/cosmiccenturyhis0000long |url-access=registration |year=2006| publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-47436-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/cosmiccenturyhis0000long/page/7 7]}}{{cite journal |bibcode=1965ApJ...141.1295S| doi=10.1086/148217| title=Large Redshifts of Five Quasi-Stellar Sources| journal=The Astrophysical Journal| volume=141| pages=1295| year=1965|last1=Schmidt|first1=Maarten}}{{cite book |url=http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~george/ay21/qso.txt |chapter=Introduction: The Discovery of Radio Galaxies and Quasars |title=Proceedings of the First Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics |editor=Ivor Robinson |editor2=Alfred Schild |editor3=E. L. Schucking |publisher=The University of Chicago}}

| 3C 147

| 1964–1965

| z = 0.545

| First quasar to become the most distant object in the universe, beating radio galaxy 3C 295.{{cite journal |bibcode=1964ApJ...139..781S|doi=10.1086/147815|title=Redshift of the Quasi-Stellar Radio Sources 3c 47 and 3c 147|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=139|pages=781|year=1964|last1=Schmidt|first1=Maarten|last2=Matthews|first2=Thomas A}}{{cite book |last1=Schmidt |first1=Maarten |last2=Matthews |first2=Thomas A. |chapter=Redshifts of the Quasi-Stellar Radio Sources 3c 47 and 3c 147 |title=Quasi-Stellar Sources and Gravitational Collapse, Proceedings of the 1st Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics |editor=Ivor Robinson |editor2=Alfred Schild |editor3=E.L. Schucking |publisher=University of Chicago Press |page=269 |date=1965 |bibcode=1965qssg.conf..269S}}{{cite journal |bibcode=1992AJ....103.1451S|doi=10.1086/116159|title=Radio properties of optically selected high-redshift quasars. I - VLA observations of 22 quasars at 6 CM|journal=The Astronomical Journal| volume=103 |pages=1451|year=1992|last1=Schneider|first1=Donald P|last2=Van Gorkom|first2=J. H| last3=Schmidt |first3=Maarten |last4=Gunn| first4= James E}}{{cite news |work=Time| url=http://aolsvc.timeforkids.kol.aol.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,875737,00.html |title=Finding the Fastest Galaxy: 76,000 Miles per Second|date=10 April 1964}}

| 1963–1964

| z = 0.367

| Second quasar redshift measured. Redshift was discovered after publication of 3C273's results prompted researchers to re-examine spectroscopic data. Not the most distant object when discovered. The radio galaxy 3C 295 was found in 1960 with z = 0.461.The Structure of the Physical Universe, Volume III - The Universe of Motion, [http://library.rstheory.com/books/uom/23.html CHAPTER 23 - Quasar Redshifts] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080619085211/http://library.rstheory.com/books/uom/23.html |date=2008-06-19 }}, by Dewey Bernard Larson, Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 79-88078, {{ISBN|0-913138-11-8}}, Copyright 1959, 1971, 1984{{cite journal |bibcode= 1963Natur.197.1041G |doi=10.1038/1971041a0|title=Red-Shift of the Unusual Radio Source: 3C 48| journal=Nature| volume=197| issue=4872| pages=1041|year=1963|last1=Greenstein|first1=Jesse L|last2=Matthews|first2=Thomas A|s2cid=4193798}}Interview; {{cite web| url= http://oralhistories.library.caltech.edu/118/01/Schmidt96_OHO.pdf |title=Maaarten Schmidt }} {{small|(556 KB)}}; 11 April and 2 & 15 May 1996

| 1963

| z = 0.158

| First quasar redshift measured. Not the most distant object when discovered. The radio galaxy 3C 295 was found in 1960 with z = 0.461.{{cite journal |title=1961 May 12 meeting of the Royal Astronomical Society |journal=The Observatory |date=1961 |volume=81 |pages=113–118 |bibcode =1961Obs....81..113.}}{{cite journal |last1=P. |first1=Varshni, Y. |title=No redshift in 3C 295 |journal=Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society |date=March 1979 |volume=11 |page=458 |bibcode=1979BAAS...11..458V}}[http://evolution-facts.org/Ev-V1/1evlch01d.htm The Origin of Matter Part 4]

|+ 10 most luminous quasars{{Fix|text=Actually 11 in list}}

! Rank

! Quasar

! Data

! Refs.

| SMSS J215728.21-360215.1

| Intrinsic bolometric luminosity of ~ 6.9 × 10¹⁴ Suns or ~ 2.6 × 10⁴¹ watts

|{{Cite journal |arxiv=1805.04317|last1=Wolf|first1=Christian|title=Discovery of the Most Ultra-Luminous QSO Using GAIA, Sky Mapper, and WISE|journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia|display-authors=etal|year=2018|volume=35|pages=e024|doi=10.1017/pasa.2018.22|bibcode=2018PASA...35...24W|s2cid=55363916}}

| HS 1946+7658

| Intrinsic bolometric luminosity in excess of 10¹⁴ Suns or 10⁴¹ watts

| {{Cite journal|arxiv=astro-ph/0412149|last1=Bachev|first1=R|title=Short-term optical variability of high-redshift QSO's|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=358|issue=3|pages=774–780|last2=Strigachev|first2=A|last3=Semkov|first3=E|year=2005|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08708.x|doi-access=free |bibcode=2005MNRAS.358..774B|s2cid=16843880}}{{Cite journal |bibcode=1995ApJ...438..643K|doi=10.1086/175107|title=The spectral energy distribution of the z = 3 quasar: HS 1946+7658|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=438|pages=643|year=1995|last1=Kuhn|first1=O|last2=Bechtold|first2=J|last3=Cutri|first3=R|last4=Elvis|first4=M|last5=Rieke|first5=M}}

| SDSS J155152.46+191104.0

|Luminosity of over 10⁴¹ watts

| {{Cite journal|arxiv=1210.5166|last1=Pâris|first1=Isabelle|title=The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar catalog: Ninth data release|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics|volume=548|pages=A66|display-authors=etal|year=2012|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201220142|bibcode=2012A&A...548A..66P|s2cid=119304969}}{{Cite journal|arxiv=1502.07767|last1=Stern|first1=Jonathan|title=Spatially Resolving the Kinematics of the <100 μas Quasar Broad Line Region using Spectroastrometry|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=804|pages=57|last2=Hennawi|first2=Joseph F|last3=Pott|first3=Jörg-Uwe|year=2015|issue=1|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/57|bibcode=2015ApJ...804...57S|s2cid=118482601}}

| HS 1700+6416

| Luminosity of over 10⁴¹ watts

| {{Cite journal|arxiv=1208.5517|last1=Eisenhardt|first1=Peter R. M|title=The First Hyper-Luminous Infrared Galaxy Discovered by WISE|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=755|issue=2|pages=173|display-authors=etal|year=2012|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/173|bibcode=2012ApJ...755..173E|s2cid=35487945}}

| SDSS J010013.02+280225.8

| Luminosity of around 1.62 × 10⁴¹ watts

| {{Cite journal|arxiv=1502.07418|last1=Wu|first1=Xue-Bing|title=An ultra-luminous quasar with a twelve-billion-solar-mass black hole at redshift 6.30|journal=Nature|volume=518|issue=7540|pages=512–515|display-authors=etal|year=2015|doi=10.1038/nature14241|bibcode=2015Natur.518..512W|pmid=25719667|s2cid=4455954}}

| SBS 1425+606

| Luminosity of over 10⁴¹ watts – optically brightest for z>3

| {{cite journal |last1=Stepanian |first1=J. A. |last2=Green |first2=R. F. |last3=Foltz |first3=C. B. |last4=Chaffee |first4=F. |last5=Chavushyan |first5=V. H. |last6=Lipovetsky |first6=V. A. |last7=Erastova |first7=L. K. |title=Spectroscopy and Photometry of Stellar Objects from the Second Byurakan Survey |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=December 2001 |volume=122 |issue=6 |pages=3361–3382 |doi=10.1086/324460|bibcode=2001AJ....122.3361S |doi-access=free }}

|Luminosity of 4.7 × 10{{Sup|40}} watts or M_i(z=2) = −29.74 mag, optically brightest in last 9 Gyr

|{{cite journal |last1=Onken |first1=Christopher A. |last2=Lai |first2=Samuel |last3=Wolf |first3=Christian |last4=Lucy |first4=Adrian B. |last5=Hon |first5=Wei Jeat |last6=Tisserand |first6=Patrick |last7=Sokoloski |first7=Jennifer L. |last8=Luna |first8=Gerardo J. M. |last9=Manick |first9=Rajeev |last10=Fan |first10=Xiaohui |last11=Bian |first11=Fuyan |date=2022-06-08 |title=Discovery of the most luminous quasar of the last 9 Gyr |journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia |volume=39 |doi=10.1017/pasa.2022.36 |arxiv=2206.04204 |bibcode=2022PASA...39...37O }}

|

| {{Cite journal|arxiv=1004.1167|last1=Schneider|first1=Donald P|title=The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog V. Seventh Data Release|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=139|issue=6|pages=2360–2373|display-authors=etal|year=2010|doi=10.1088/0004-6256/139/6/2360|bibcode=2010AJ....139.2360S|s2cid=118367130}}{{cite journal |last1=Schneider |first1=Donald P. |display-authors=etal |title=The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog. IV. Fifth Data Release |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=July 2007 |volume=134 |issue=1 |pages=102–117 |doi=10.1086/518474|arxiv=0704.0806 |bibcode=2007AJ....134..102S |s2cid=14359163 }}

|

| {{cite journal |bibcode=1994ApJ...436L..55E|doi=10.1086/187631|title=An ASCA GIS spectrum of S5 0014+813 AT z = 3.384|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=436|pages=L55|year=1994|last1=Elvis|first1=Martin|last2=Matsuoka|first2=M|last3=Siemiginowska|first3=A|author3-link=Aneta Siemiginowska|last4=Fiore|first4=F|last5=Mihara|first5=T|last6=Brinkmann|first6=W}}

| z = 2.51, M(i) = 15.84

|

|

| {{Cite journal|arxiv=1005.5499|last1=Wu|first1=Xue-Bing|title=A very bright i=16.44 quasar in the 'redshift desert' discovered by LAMOST|journal=Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=10|issue=8|pages=737|display-authors=etal|year=2010|doi=10.1088/1674-4527/10/8/003|bibcode=2010RAA....10..737W|s2cid=118576463}}