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Littorinimorpha

{{Short description|Order of gastropods}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| taxon = Littorinimorpha

| image = Different cowries.jpg

| image_caption = A group of shells of species of cowries, family Cypraeidae, anterior ends towards the top of the image.

| authority = Golikov & Starobogatov, 1975

| subdivision_ranks = Superfamilies

| subdivision = See text

}}

Littorinimorpha is a large order of snails,[http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382213 WoRMS] gastropods, consisting primarily of sea snails (marine species), but also including some freshwater snails (limnic species) and land snails (terrestrial species).Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdes A. & Warén A. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology, 47(1-2). ConchBooks: Hackenheim, Germany. {{ISBN|3-925919-72-4}}. {{ISSN|0076-2997}}. 397 pp. http://www.vliz.be/Vmdcdata/imis2/ref.php?refid=78278

Previously, the Linnaean taxonomy used in the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Ponder & Lindberg (1997) ranked like this: subclass Orthogastropoda, superorder Caenogastropoda, order Sorbeoconcha, suborder Hypsogastropoda, infraorder Littorinimorpha.

The order Littorinimorpha contains many gastropod families that were formerly placed in the order Mesogastropoda, as introduced by J. Thiele in his work from 1921.Thiele, J., 1929-1935. Handbuch der Systematischen Weichtierkunde. 2 vols. 1154 p., 584 figs Evidence for this group being monophyletic is scanty. In 2003, E. E. Strong{{cite journal|last=Strong|first=E.E.|title=Refining molluscan characters : morphology, character coding and a phylogeny of the Caenogastropoda|journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society|year=2003|volume=137|issue=4|pages=447–554|doi=10.1046/j.1096-3642.2003.00058.x|doi-access=free}} suggested using only Neogastropoda as a clade within the clade Hypsogastropoda, and to include the unresolved superfamilies of the Hypsogastropoda within the Littorinimorpha.[http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382213 Gofas, S. (2010). Littorinimorpha. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382213 on 2010-06-06]

Superfamilies and families

The superfamilies grouped in this clade include a few families that are well-known based on their shells:

{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|

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(Extinct taxa indicated by a dagger, †.)

;Families brought into synonymy:

  • Adeorbidae Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Tornidae Sacco, 1896 (1884)
  • Paludestrinidae Newton, 1891 accepted as Hydrobiidae Stimpson, 1865
  • Pyrgulidae Brusina, 1882 (1869) accepted as Hydrobiidae Stimpson, 1865
  • Vitrinellidae Bush, 1897 accepted as Tornidae Sacco, 1896 (1884)

File:Calyptraea chinensis fossil 01.JPG|Calyptraea chinensis (Calyptraeidae)

File:Cypraea tigris 01.JPG|Cypraea tigris (Cypraeidae)

File:Ovula ovum 01.JPG|Ovula ovum (Ovulidae)

File:Ficus ficus 01.JPG|Ficus ficus (Ficidae)

File:Littorina littorea 02.JPG|Littorina littorea (Littorinidae)

File:Tectarius coronatus 01.JPG|Tectarius coronatus (Littorinidae)

File:Tudorella sulcata 01.JPG|Tudorella sulcata (Pomatiidae)

File:Natica vitellus 01.JPG|Natica vitellus (Naticidae)

File:Pterotracheidae.jpg|Pterotracheidae spp.

File:Barleeia unifasciata 01.jpg|Barleeia unifasciata (Barleeiidae)

File:Rissoa decorata 01.jpg|Rissoa decorata (Rissoidae)

File:Rissoina tornatilis 01.jpg|Rissoina tornatilis (Rissoinidae)

File:Aporrhais pesgallinae 01.JPG|Aporrhais pesgallinae (Aporrhaidae)

File:Rostellariella delicatula 01.JPG|Rostellariella delicatula (Rostellariidae)

File:Sinustrombus sinuatus, Bohol, Philippines.jpg|Sinustrombus sinuatus (Strombidae)

File:Tutufa bubo 01.JPG|Tutufa bubo (Bursidae)

File:Cypraecassis rufa 01.JPG|Cypraecassis rufa (Cassidae)

File:Distorsio kurzi 01.JPG|Distorsio kurzi (Personidae)

File:Monoplex nicobaricus 01.JPG|Monoplex nicobaricus (Ranellidae)

File:Tonna galea 01.jpg|Tonna galea (Tonnidae)

File:Pisinna glabrata 01.jpg|Pisinna glabrata (Anabathridae)

File:Bithynia tentaculata 01.JPG|Bithynia tentaculata (Bithyniidae)

File:Caecum glabrum.jpg|Caecum glabrum (Caecidae)

File:Emericia patula1 A MRKVICKA.JPG|Emericia patula (Emmericiidae)

File:Liroceratia sulcata 01.jpg|Liroceratia sulcata (Iravadiidae)

File:Thyca ectoconcha sur face orale de L. multifora.jpg|Thyca ectoconcha (Eulimidae) parasiting a sea star

File:Trivia monacha 01.JPG|Trivia monacha (Triviidae)

File:Thylacodes arenarius 01.JPG|Thylacodes arenarius (Vermetidae)

File:Xenophora pallidula 01.jpg|Xenophora pallidula (Xenophoridae)

File:Cypraea onyx S2-21 37mm.jpg|Erronea onyx (Cypraeidae)

File:Lyncina lynx S2-22 46mm.jpg|Lyncina lynx S2-22 46mm

References

{{Wikispecies|Littorinimorpha}}

{{Reflist}}

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