Mayor of Jerusalem
{{Short description|Head of the executive branch of the government of Jerusalem}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox Political post
| post = Mayor
| body = the City of Jerusalem
| insignia = Emblem of Jerusalem.svg
| insigniasize = 150px
| insigniacaption = Seal of the City of Jerusalem
| image = File:Moshe lion mayor of jerusalem.jpg
| incumbent = Moshe Lion
| incumbentsince = 4 December 2018
| style =
| residence = 1 Safra Square, Jerusalem
| termlength = 5 years
| formation = 1867
| succession =
| salary =
| website = [http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/ Office of the Mayor]
| footnotes =
}}
{{Jerusalem sidebar}}
The Mayor of the City of Jerusalem is head of the executive branch of the political system in Jerusalem. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, most public agencies, and enforces all city and state laws within Jerusalem. The term of office is five years.
The mayor's office is located in Safra Square; it has jurisdiction over all the city's neighborhoods. The mayor appoints many officials, including deputy mayors and city departments directors.
History
The Jerusalem City Council was established in 1863 during the rule of the Ottoman Empire. From 1948 to 1967 two municipalities operated in the city: an Israeli municipality provided services to the western neighborhoods of the city and a Jordanian municipality to its eastern parts.
By 1840, the Jewish community constituted the largest single religious group in the city.Grenville, J.. [https://books.google.com/books?id=HW8P_SnsQpMC A History of the World from the 20th to the 21st Century]; Routledge, 2005. pg. 456. {{ISBN|0-415-28955-6}} From the 1880s onward, the Jews constituted the majority within the city.Weiner, J. R.. [http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DRIT=5&DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=625&PID=0&IID=1804&TTL=Is_Jerusalem_Being_ Is Jerusalem Being "Judaized"?], Jewish Political Studies Review 15:1–2 (Spring 2003), citing Schmelz, U.O. "Modern Jerusalem's Demographic Evolution," Jewish Population Studies 20 (1987):9 However, it was only in 1937, under the British Mandate, that the first Jewish mayor was appointed. Since 1948 every mayor has been Jewish.
Prior to a 1975 national law change, mayors were chosen by the city council (which was elected in a closed list proportional representation system).{{cite journal |last1=Nikolenyi |first1=Csaba |title=The 2018 Municipal Elections in Jerusalem: A Tale of Fragmentation and Polarization |journal=Contemporary Review of the Middle East |date=1 March 2020 |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=6–24 |doi=10.1177/2347798919889762 |s2cid=213423030 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2347798919889762 |access-date=23 July 2021 |language=en |issn=2347-7989}}
Since 1975 law change, mayors have been directly elected in a two round system. Under this system, if no candidate receives at least 40% of the vote in the first round, a runoff election is held between the top-two finishers. The first municipal election to be held under the new law of direct elections for mayor was held in 1978.{{cite web |last=Blander |first=Dana |title=Elections for the Local Authority – Who, What, When, Where and How? |url=https://en.idi.org.il/articles/10198 |website=en.idi.org.il |access-date=31 July 2021}}
List of mayors (1845–present)
=Ottoman Empire (1845–1920)=
=Mandatory Palestine (1920–1948)=
| class="wikitable"
! ! colspan="3" | Mayor ! Term start ! Term end ! Party |
| 21
|bgcolor=#FFD700| |70px |align=center|1920 |align=center|1935 |
|---|
| 22
|bgcolor=#DF0024| |70px |align=center|1935 |align=center|1937 |
| 23
|bgcolor=#12B6CF| |70px |align=center|1937 |align=center|1938 |
| 24
|bgcolor=#FFD700| |70px |align=center|1938 |align=center|1944† |
| (23)
|bgcolor=#12B6CF| |70px |Daniel Auster{{efn|Acting Mayor after Mustafa al-Khalidi's death.}} |align=center|1944 |align=center|1945 |
| -
|bgcolor={{party color|Independent (politician)}}| |70px |City Council committee |align=center|1945 |align=center|1948 |Various |
=Divided Jerusalem (1948–1967)=
{| width=100% |
| width=50% valign=top |
==Mayors of [[West Jerusalem]] (Israel)==
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! ! colspan="2" | Mayor of Jerusalem ! Took office ! Left office ! Party ! colspan="2" | Coalition |
| rowspan="1" style="background: #12B6CF;" | 1
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Daniel Auster | rowspan="1" | 1948 | rowspan="1" | 1950 | rowspan="1" | General Zionists | style="background: #12B6CF;" | |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Hapoel HaMizrachi}};" | 2
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Zalman Shragai | rowspan="1" | 10 January 1951 | rowspan="1" | 17 August 1952 | rowspan="1" | Hapoel HaMizrachi | style="background: #000000;" | |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Mizrachi (political party)}};" | 3
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Yitzhak Kariv | rowspan="1" | 25 September 1952 | rowspan="1" | April 1955 | rowspan="1" | Mizrachi | style="background: #000000;" | |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Mapai}};" | 4
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Gershon Agron | rowspan="1" | 7 September 1955 | rowspan="1" | 1 November 1959 | rowspan="1" | Mapai | style="background: {{party color|Mapai}};" | | Mapai – Ahdut HaAvoda |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Mapai}};" | 5
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Mordechai Ish-Shalom | rowspan="1" | 1 November 1959 | rowspan="1" | 29 November 1965 | rowspan="1" | Mapai | style="background: {{party color|Mapai}};" | | Mapai – Ahdut HaAvoda |
| style="background: {{party color|Israeli Labor Party}};" | 6
| 70px | 29 November 1965 | 29 June 1967 | Rafi | style="background: {{party color|Israeli Labor Party}};" | |
| width=50% valign=top |
==Mayors of [[East Jerusalem]] ([[Jordanian annexation of the West Bank|Jordan]])==
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! ! colspan="2" | Mayor of East Jerusalem ! Took office ! Left office ! Party |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | 1
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Anwar Khatib | rowspan="1" | 1948 | rowspan="1" | 1950 | rowspan="1" | Independent |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | 2
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Aref al-Aref | rowspan="1" | 1950 | rowspan="1" | 1951 | rowspan="1" | Independent |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | 3
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Hannah Atallah | rowspan="1" | 1951 | rowspan="1" | 12 March 1952 | rowspan="1" | Independent |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | 4
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Omar Wa'ari | rowspan="1" | 12 March 1952 | rowspan="1" | 1955 | rowspan="1" | Independent |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | -
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | City Council committee | rowspan="1" | 1955 | rowspan="1" | 1957 | rowspan="1" | Independents |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | 5
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Ruhi al-Khatib | rowspan="1" | 1957 | rowspan="1" | 29 June 1967 | rowspan="1" | Independent |
|}
=[[Status of Jerusalem|Reunited Jerusalem]] (1967–present)=
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! ! colspan="2" | Mayor of Jerusalem ! Took office ! Left office ! Party ! colspan="2" | Coalition |
| rowspan="2" style="background: {{party color|Israeli Labor Party}};" | 24
| rowspan="2" | 70px | rowspan="2" | Teddy Kollek | rowspan="2" | 29 June 1967 | rowspan="2" | 2 November 1993 | rowspan="2" | Rafi | style="background: {{party color|Israeli Labor Party}};" | | Alignment |
| style="background: {{party color|Israeli Labor Party}};" | |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Likud}};" | 25
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Ehud Olmert | rowspan="1" | 2 November 1993 | rowspan="1" | 16 February 2003 | rowspan="1" | Likud | style="background: {{party color|Likud}};" | | Likud |
| rowspan="1" style="background: #000000; color:white"| 26
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Uri Lupolianski | rowspan="1" | 16 February 2003 | rowspan="1" | 11 November 2008 | rowspan="1" | Degel HaTorah | style="background: #000000;" | |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}"| 27
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Nir Barkat | rowspan="1" | 11 November 2008 | rowspan="1" | 4 December 2018 | rowspan="1" | Independent | style="background: {{party color|Likud}};" | | Likud – Independents |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}"| 28
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Moshe Lion | rowspan="1" | 4 December 2018 | rowspan="1" | Incumbent | rowspan="1" | Independent | style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | |
=[[Status of Jerusalem|Titular Mayors of East Jerusalem]] (1967–present)=
The office of Mayor of East Jerusalem was dissolved in 1967 after the Six-Day War and it has been titular since then.
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! ! colspan="2" | Titular Mayor of East Jerusalem ! Took office ! Left office ! Party |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | -
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Ruhi al-Khatib | rowspan="1" | 29 June 1967 | rowspan="1" | 5 July 1994† | rowspan="1" | Independent |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | -
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Amin al-Majaj | rowspan="1" | 1994 | rowspan="1" | 2 January 1999† | rowspan="1" | Independent |
| rowspan="1" style="background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}};" | -
| rowspan="1" | 70px | rowspan="1" | Zaki al-Ghul | rowspan="1" | 1999 | rowspan="1" | 28 April 2019† | rowspan="1" | Independent |
See also
Notes
{{Notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/mayorsjer.html Mayors of Jerusalem]
- [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Israel_Jerusalem.html Jerusalem at World Statesmen]
- [http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/jer_sys/publish/results.asp?pub_id=3989 Mayors of Jerusalem] at City of Jerusalem
{{Mayors of Jerusalem}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:List of Mayors of Jerusalem}}