Miramare di Rimini

Miramare is the southernmost suburb and {{Lang|it|frazione}} of Rimini, and is located roughly equidistant between the city centres of Rimini and Riccione. Miramare is bounded to the north by Rivazzurra and to the south by the Rio dell'Asse, a minor stream that forms Rimini's boundary with Riccione.{{Cite web |last=Masini |first=Manlio |date=2 November 2022 |title=La contesa tra Rimini e Riccione sui confini e il ponte sul Marano |trans-title=The dispute between Rimini and Riccione over their borders and the bridge over the Marano |url=https://www.corriereromagna.it/la-contesa-tra-rimini-e-riccione-sui-confini-e-il-ponte-sul-marano/ |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Corriere Romagna |language=it-IT}}{{Cite web |title=Referendum popolari 2003 |trans-title=Popular referenda 2003 |url=https://www.comune.rimini.it/documenti/referendum-popolari-2003 |access-date=30 June 2023 |publisher=Comune di Rimini |language=it}} The Adriatic Sea bounds Miramare to the east, and Federico Fellini International Airport bounds it to the west.

File:Miramare di Rimini Viale Oliveti.jpg

The suburb roughly follows a grid plan. The Bologna–Ancona railway splits the suburb into a western residential half and an eastern touristic half by the coast. The major north–south roads are, in the western half, the {{Interlanguage link|SS16|it|Strada statale 16 Adriatica}} state road and Viale Parigi/Viale Losanna, and then, after the railway, Viale Guglielmo Marconi and Viale Principe di Piemonte, which is the principal seafront avenue. The major east–west roads are Viale Ivo Oliveti, Viale Costantinopoli/Viale Giacinto Martinelli and Via Cavalieri di Vittorio Veneto. The latter two roads pass underneath the railway, while Viale Ivo Oliveti is the main shopping street and is pedestrianised in the eastern half.

The suburb is a popular tourist destination, domestically and internationally. As well as hotels, there are inexpensive hostels and camping grounds, popular among young travellers. The suburb's recreational facilities include shops, restaurants, bars, nightclubs, go-kart tracks, beachside sports courts, and arcades. Particularly noteworthy is the Altro Mondo Studios nightclub.

The site of the present-day Miramare is located on the Via Flaminia, a Roman road constructed by Gaius Flaminius during his censorship in 220 BCE. The Via Flaminia was the main artery from Rome leading north of the Apennines and to the Adriatic Sea.{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Flaminia, Via|volume=10|page=476|first=Thomas|last=Ashby|author-link=Thomas Ashby (archaeologist)}} Miramare was three Roman miles south of the road's northern end in Ariminum (Rimini). Even in the 20th century, the neighbourhood was sometimes nicknamed {{Lang|it|Il Terzo}} (The Third).{{Cite web |date=27 April 2015 |title=Stronz d'Urland... Lo Stronzo di Orlando! Il cippo romano di Miramare |trans-title=Stronz d'Urland...Orlando's Shit! The Roman Cipus of Miramare. |url=https://www.romagnazone.it/storia-di-rimini/stronz-durland-lo-stronzo-di-orlando-miramare-di-rimini.html |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=RomagnaZone |language=it-IT}} A milestone in Miramare dates to the road's construction. In 2013, excavations for a pedestrian underpass next to it uncovered a section of the Via Flaminia, which was between {{Convert|12|m|ft|abbr=on}} and {{Convert|15|m|ft|abbr=on}} wide.{{Cite web |date=27 February 2013 |title=Aperto il sottopasso ciclopedonale del Terzo miglio |trans-title=The cycleable underpass of the Third Milestone is opened |url=https://www.comune.rimini.it/novita/aperto-il-sottopasso-ciclopedonale-del-terzo-miglio |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Municipality of Rimini |language=it}}

Settlement in Miramare began in the early 20th century as the beaches of Rimini and Riccione began to attract tourists. In the late eighteenth century, Sebastiano Amati, a businessman and councillor who would play a pivotal role in Riccione's expansion and independence from Rimini, proposed the idea of a coastal road linking Rimini and Riccione.{{Cite web |last=Zaghini |first=Paolo |date=26 September 2016 |title=Chi era Amati, "padre della patria" di Riccione |trans-title=Who was Amati, "father of the country" of Riccione? |url=https://www.chiamamicitta.it/amati-padre-patria-riccione/ |access-date=3 June 2023 |website=Chiamami Città |language=it-IT}}

By 1905, the development and settlement of Miramare began; the modern hospital was constructed north of Miramare, and numerous hotels were built along the coast between Rimini and Riccione.{{cite news |last=Paganelli |first=Mirco |date=24 January 2014 |title=Miramare, abitanti infuriati: "Un'oasi in declino" |trans-title=Miramare, enraged inhabitants: "An oasis in decline" |url=http://www.ilponte.com/miramare-abitanti-infuriati-un-oasi-in-declino/ |access-date=11 August 2019 |work=Il Ponte |language=it-IT}}{{Cite web |title=Miramare |url=https://www.seidiriminise.it/scopri-rimini-romagna/territorio-romagnolo/rioni-quartieri-frazioni-borghi/miramare.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=9 August 2019 |website=Sei di Rimini se... |date=22 September 2014 |language=it}}

In 1921, Domenico Masi, a priest from San Clemente, began ministering to the nascent settlement at Miramare. Masi built a church, orphanage, carpentry shop, tile factory, and several retreat houses.{{Cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=A Miramare una mostra permanente su don Domenico Masi |trans-title=In Miramare, a permanent exhibition on Don Domenico Masi |url=https://www.buongiornorimini.it/item/23963-a-miramare-una-mostra-permanente-su-don-domenico-masi.html |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=www.buongiornorimini.it |language=it-it}} In July 1925, the matron to whom Masi entrusted the orphanage was recalled, and so on 8 December 1925, the orphanage came under the care of a new religious institute founded in Miramare, the {{Interlanguage link|Sisters of the Immaculate|lt=Congregation of the "Sisters of the Immaculate"|it|Sorelle dell'Immacolata}}.{{Cite web |title=La storia della congregazione Sorelle dell'Immacolata |trans-title=The story of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate |url=http://www.sorelledellimmacolata.org/chi-siamo |access-date=30 June 2023 |publisher=Congregation of the "Sisters of the Immaculate"}} Miramare remains the motherhouse of the Sisters of the Immaculate, who regard Masi as their founder and also run a seaside retreat home, kindergarten, and nursing clinic in the neighbourhood.{{Cite web |title=Sorelle dell'Immacolata Case ed Opere nella diocesi di Rimini |trans-title=Sisters of the Immaculate houses and works in the Diocese of Rimini |url=http://www.sorelledellimmacolata.org/italia/rimini |access-date=30 June 2023 |publisher=Congregation of the "Sisters of the Immaculate"}}{{Cite web |title=Don Domenico Masi |url=http://cercalatuascuola.istruzione.it/cercalatuascuola/istituti/RN1A050009/don-domenico-masi/ |access-date=3 June 2023 |website=Scuola in Chiaro |language=it-IT}} Viale Don Domenico Masi, which houses the motherhouse, is named after Masi; it is the next street north of Viale Ivo Oliveti, to which it runs parallel. In 2012, there were 200 Sisters of the Immaculate across twenty-two houses in Italy, Venezuela, Paraguay, the Philippines, and Indonesia.

In 1923, Miramare became the border of the Municipality of Rimini after Riccione was made an independent municipality. The border between the {{Lang|it|comuni}} was established at the Rio dell'Asse; Rimini had unsuccessfully proposed that the border be further south at the Torrente Marano, to the disapproval of residents residing between the Rio dell'Asse and the Torrente Marano.

In 1925, a tramway from Rimini was extended to Miramare.{{Cite web |last=Pasini |first=Guido |date=25 June 2017 |title=I primi collegamenti tram a Rimini |trans-title=The first tram connections in Rimini |url=https://www.romagnazone.it/storia-di-rimini/primi-collegamenti-tram-rimini.html |access-date=27 June 2023 |website=RomagnaZone |language=it-IT}}{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://www.pmrimini.it/en/history/ |access-date=27 June 2023 |website=Patrimonio Mobilità Provincia di Rimini |language=en-US}} The tramway was extended further south to Riccione in 1927,{{Cite web |date=27 November 2019 |title=La linea tranviaria Riccione-Rimini |trans-title=The Riccione-Rimini tramway |url=https://www.famijarciunesa.org/la-linea-tranviaria-riccione-rimini/ |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=Famija Arciunesa |language=it-IT}}{{Cite web |date=29 September 2021 |title=Dal primo tram elettrico al Metromare, Rimini celebra un secolo di mobilità green |trans-title=From the first electric tram to the Metromare, Rimini celebrates a century of green mobility |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/dal-primo-tram-elettrico-al-metromare-rimini-celebra-un-secolo-di-mobilita-green.html |access-date=27 June 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}} after a carriageable bridge was built over the Torrente Marano in 1924. The tramway was converted into a trolleybus line, the present-day route 11, in July 1939.{{Cite web |date=28 June 2019 |title=Pronti a celebrare i primi 80 anni del filobus Rimini-Riccione |trans-title=Ready to celebrate the first 80 years of the Rimini-Riccione trolleybus |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/pronti-a-celebrare-i-primi-80-anni-del-filobus-rimini-riccione.html |access-date=27 June 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}} On 17 August 1929, the first passenger flight landed at the aerodome west of Miramare, which would later become Federico Fellini International Airport.{{Cite journal |last=Malizia |first=Nicola |year=2011 |title=La nascita del "Giannetto Vassura" |trans-title=The birth of the "Giannetto Vassura" |url=https://www.rotaryrimini.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ar_48_ARIMINUM-genn-febbr-low.pdf |journal=Ariminum |series=January–February 2011 |language=it-IT |location=Rimini |publisher=Rimini Rotary Club |issue=1 |pages=10–12}} Miramare developed as a tourist destination during the 1930s, including with the construction of two {{Interlanguage link|Fascist colony|lt=fascist colonies|it|Colonia estiva}}.{{Cite web |title=Colonia Bolognese |trans-title=Bolognese Colony |url=https://riminiturismo.it/visitatori/scopri-il-territorio/arte-e-cultura/architettura-moderna/colonia-bolognese |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=riminiturismo.it |language=it}}{{Cite web |title=Colonia Novarese |trans-title=Novarese Colony |url=https://riminiturismo.it/visitatori/scopri-il-territorio/arte-e-cultura/architettura-moderna/colonia-novarese |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=riminiturismo.it |language=it}} Relative to other seaside resorts in Rimini, Miramare was notable for its peace, tranquility, and greenery.

During the Battle of Rimini in the Second World War, German forces defended the aerodome with Panther turrets, barring Allied forces from advancing further up the Gothic Line along the end of the Via Flaminia. The 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade and the 18th New Zealand Armoured Regiment engaged the airport, whose defence and capture was central to the Battle of Rimini.{{Cite book |last=Short |first=Neil |title=Tank Turret Fortifications |publisher=The Crowood Press Ltd |year=2006 |isbn=9781861266873 |chapter=Panther Turrets}} After its capture, the airfield returned to its use as a prisoner-of-war camp, housing up to 80,000 Axis forces.{{Cite web |last=Masini |first=Manlio |date=22 February 2022 |title=La "piccola città" tra i reticolati del campo di prigionia alleato |trans-title=The "little city" between the fences of the Allied prisoner-of-war camp |url=https://www.corriereromagna.it/archivio/la-piccola-citta-tra-i-reticolati-del-campo-di-prigionia-alleato-JQCR328652 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=Corriere Romagna |language=it-IT}} The camp was lightly surveilled and both prostitution and escape were rife. Erich Priebke, a perpetrator of the Ardeatine massacre, was a notable escapee.{{Cite web |last=Parri |first=Fabio |date=6 October 2010 |title=Quando Priebke scappò da Miramare |trans-title=When Priebke escaped from Miramare |url=https://www.ilponte.com/quando-priebke-scappo-da-miramare/ |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=Il Ponte |language=it-IT}} Between 1956 and 2010, the airfield was the home of the {{Interlanguage link|5th Aerobrigade|lt=5th Aerobrigade|it|5º Stormo}} of the Italian Air Force,{{Cite web |date=8 September 2010 |title=Volano via! L'Aeronautica militare lascia Rimini dopo 54 anni |trans-title=They're flying away: The Air Force leaves Rimini after 54 years |url=https://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/rimini/cronaca/2010/09/08/381382-volano.shtml |access-date=29 June 2023 |website=Il Resto del Carlino |language=it}} and during the Cold War, it was identified by the Warsaw Pact as a strategic target in the event of an all-out war, housing several thousand Italian and NATO soldiers and thirty B61 nuclear bombs. Helicopters belonging to the 7th Army Aviation Regiment "Vega" remain at the airport.

In 2003, voters in a municipal referendum approved plans to build Rimini's new Palacongressi on Miramare's border. The conference space was eventually built on Via Monte Titano just outside the city centre, on the site of the old Rimini Fiera.{{Cite web |date=30 November 2022 |title=1 dicembre 1968 - La Fiera di Rimini inaugura la sua prima sede |trans-title=1 December 1968: Rimini Fiera inaugurates its first location |url=https://www.chiamamicitta.it/1-dicembre-1968-la-fiera-rimini-inaugura-la-sua-sede/ |access-date=7 June 2023 |website=Chiamami Città |language=it-IT}}{{Cite web |date=28 May 2011 |title=Rimini, il Palacongressi "spaziale" non decolla. Costato 110 milioni, ha problemi antisismici |trans-title=Rimini, the "spaceship" Palacongressi does not take off. It cost 110 million and has anti-seismic problems. |url=http://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2011/05/28/rimini-il-palacongressi-spaziale-non-decolla-costato-110-milioni-ha-problemi-anti-sismici/114271/ |access-date=9 June 2023 |website=Il Fatto Quotidiano |language=it-IT}}

File:Lourdes Grotto at Miramare di Rimini.jpg

• Lourdes Grotto: In 1962, two years before his death, Masi opened a lifesize reproduction of the Lourdes grotto in Miramare.{{Cite web |date=3 June 2022 |title=Una grotta in riva al mare |url=https://www.ilponte.com/?p=1208949 |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Il Ponte |language=it-IT}} The grotto is opposite the motherhouse of the {{Interlanguage link|Sisters of the Immaculate|lt=Congregation of the "Sisters of the Immaculate"|it|Sorelle dell'Immacolata}}.
• Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus: In 1966, the parish church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus was opened on Viale Guglielmo Marconi. Miramare had been designated as a curacy from 1955, but the motherhouse of the Sisters of the Immaculate had provided the only, and increasingly crowded, place of worship in the suburb for the preceding forty years.{{Cite web |last=Lualdi |first=Alessandro |title=La Storia |trans-title=History |url=https://www.parrocchiamiramare.org/?page_id=14 |access-date=30 June 2023 |publisher=Parrocchia Sacro Cuore di Gesù |language=it-IT}}

File:Cartolina Colonia Bolognese.jpgTwo {{Interlanguage link|Fascist colony|lt=fascist colonies|it|Colonia estiva}} were built in Miramare in the early 1930s, at a time when the coastline of the {{Lang|it|riviera romagnola}} was developed by Benito Mussolini, himself from Romagna. Several other colonies were built along the principal seafront avenue between Rimini and Riccione in the 1930s;{{Cite web |title=Le Colonie |trans-title=The Colonies |url=http://www.lecolonie.com/colonie_marine_mare_adriatico.htm |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=www.lecolonie.com |language=it}} the Mussolini family itself bought a summer villa in Riccione in 1934.{{Cite web |title=Villa Mussolini |url=https://www.riccione.it/en/what-to-see/in-town/en/what-to-see/in-town/villa-mussolini |access-date=1 June 2023 |website=Comune di Riccione |language=en}} The colonies were summer recreational facilities for children and adolescents.{{Cite web |last=Gubellini |first=Fabio |date=10 December 2016 |title=Cosa resta delle vecchie colonie estive del Fascismo |trans-title=What remains of the old summertime fascist colonies |url=https://bologna.repubblica.it/cronaca/2016/12/10/foto/le_colonie-153820648/1/ |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=La Repubblica |language=it}} In Miramare, the colonies were built almost opposite each other on Viale Principe di Piemonte, the Bolognese Colony on the coastal side and the Novarese Colony on the other side of the road.

• The Bolognese Colony was built between 1931 and 1932 to the design of {{Interlanguage link|Ildebrando Tabarroni|lt=|it|Ildebrando Tabarroni}}. During the Second World War, the Bolognese Colony was used to house refugee children from Albania and Libya, as a military hospital for veterans from Operation Barbarossa, a woman's internment camp, and an Allied prisoner-of-war camp. It reopened for children's summer camps after the Second World War.{{Cite web |title=La colonia marina del fascio bolognese |trans-title=The marine colony of Bolognese fascists |url=https://www.bibliotecasalaborsa.it/bolognaonline/cronologia-di-bologna/1932/la_colonia_marina_del_fascio_bolognese |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=www.bibliotecasalaborsa.it |language=it}} In 2022, the Bolognese Colony was bought by an investor intending to refurbish it into a hotel.{{Cite web |date=3 August 2022 |title=Miramare, Orfeo Bianchi si 'riprende' l'ex colonia Bolognese per 5,2 milioni |trans-title=Miramare: Orfeo Bianchi 'recovers' the former Bolognese Colony for 5.2 million |url=https://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/rimini/cronaca/miramare-colonia-bolognese-1.7948554 |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=Il Resto del Carlino |language=it}} The music video to La dolce vita, a pop single by Fedez, Tananai and Mara Sattei that topped the Italian charts in 2022,{{Cite web |title=Fedez / Tananai / Mara Sattei - La dolce vita |url=https://www.ultratop.be/nl/song/22cca7/Fedez-_-Tananai-_-Mara-Sattei-La-dolce-vita |access-date=2 July 2023 |website=Ultratop |language=nl}} was filmed outside the Bolognese Colony.{{Cite web |last=Zavagli |first=Stefano |date=7 June 2022 |title=Fedez e "La Dolce vita" in salsa romagnola, la spiaggia di Rimini spopola nel nuovo video della canzone |trans-title=Fedez and "La dolce vita" in salsa romagnol: Rimini's beach is depopulated in the song's new video |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/social/fedez-dolce-vita-canzone-tormentone-estate-2022-video-spiaggia-rimini.html |access-date=2 July 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}}
• The Novarese Colony was built between 1933 and 1934 to the design of Giuseppe Peverelli.{{Cite web |title=Colonia Novarese |trans-title=Novarese Colony |url=https://fondoambiente.it/luoghi/colonia-novarese?ldc |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=fondoambiente.it |language=it}} During the Second World War, the Novarese Colony was used as a military hospital and centre of military command. It reopened for children's summer camps, but after being deemed unsafe, having never been fully restored from the war damage, the Novarese Colony was converted into a camping site in 1959, remaining in use until 1975.{{Cite web |date=17 June 2020 |title=La Colonia marina Novarese di Miramare |trans-title=The marine Novarese Colony of Miramare |url=https://www.ilpalloncinorosso.it/storie-di-colonia-novarese-26/ |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=Il Palloncino Rosso |language=it-IT}}

• File:Fiabilandia.jpg{{Interlanguage link|Fiabilandia|lt=|it|}}: At Miramare's northern border with Rivazzurra, Fiabilandia was opened in 1965 in experimental and temporary form as one of Italy's first theme parks, alongside {{ill|Città della Domenica|it}} in Perugia (opened 1963) and {{ill|Edenlandia|it}} in Naples (opened 1965).{{Cite journal |last=Gambetti |first=Nicola |year=2020 |title=L'Italia in Miniatura: Una storia lunga 50 anni |trans-title=Italy in Miniature: A history 50 years long |url=https://www.rotaryrimini.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Ariminum-Maggio-Giugno.pdf |journal=Ariminum |series=May–June 2020 |language=it-IT |publisher=Rimini Rotary Club |pages=18–19 |access-date=10 February 2024}} The inspiration came from a businessman in Riccione, who though that the abandoned gravel pit could be transformed into an amusement park. The original fairground consisted of a few simple rides,{{Cite web |date=30 April 2007 |title=Fiabilandia: l'intervista ...sulla storia del parco |trans-title=Fiabilandia: The interview...on the history of the park |url=https://www.parksmania.it/2007/04/30/fiabilandia-lintervista-sulla-storia-del-parco/ |access-date=25 June 2023 |website=Parksmania |language=it-IT}} and considered by Rimini's locals as an Americanisation of the seaside resort.{{Cite web |last=Gattei |first=Gilberto |date=16 December 2020 |title=La storia (vera) dell'Isola delle Rose |trans-title=The (true) story of Isola delle Rose |url=https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/radio/music-news-c25/la-storia-vera-dell-isola-delle-rose-a198554 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=San Marino RTV |language=it-SM}} The park grew under the directorship of Oriano Bizzocchi from 1974 to 1987, who took inspiration from Disney parks to add rides and rollercoasters. After reaching a peak of 500,000 visitors in 1987, the park began a slow decline, continuing for most of the 1990s. Part of the decline is attributable to the opening of Mirabilandia, Italy's largest amusement park, in Ravenna in 1992. The park survived a threat of closure in 2012.{{Cite web |last=Bandini |first=Erico |date=1 September 2012 |title=Rimini, Fiabilandia verso la chiusura. Scioperano in 80 a rischio licenziamento |trans-title=Rimini's Fiabilandia goes towards closure. 80 people strike against the risk of being fired. |url=http://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2012/09/01/rimini-fiabilandia-verso-chiusura-ottanta-rischio-licenziamento/339163/ |access-date=23 June 2023 |website=Il Fatto Quotidiano |language=it-IT}} The park's area measures {{Convert|150,000|m2|sqft}}, and its car park was the first in Europe to be entirely covered with solar panels.{{Cite web |last=Corti |first=Rosalba |date=4 August 2023 |title=Parchi divertimento sulla Riviera romagnola, la guida: quali e dove sono |trans-title=Amusement parks on the Romagna Riviera, the guide: Which ones and where they are |url=https://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/emilia-romagna/cosa-fare/parchi-divertimento-riviera-guida-quali-dove-9e46cb88 |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=Il Resto del Carlino |language=it}}
• Riminiterme: In the 1970s, a thalassotherapy centre was established opposite the Novarese Colony on Viale Principe di Piemonte; in 2000, it was restructured and renamed as Riminiterme.{{Cite web |title=Riminiterme - Spa |url=https://riminiturismo.it/de/node/121068 |access-date=1 July 2023 |website=Rimini Turismo |language=it}} The centre includes four swimming pools and a large gym.
• File:Fabri Fibra (Altromondo Studios, 30-12,2011).jpg at Altromondo Studios, December 2011]]Altromondo Studios: Located on the Via Flaminia, the nightclub was founded by Gilberto Amati in 1967. Its direction was assumed by Piero Bevitori and Guerrino Galli in 1972,{{Cite web |date=5 March 2021 |title=Il Covid si porta via Piero Bevitori lo storico patron dell'Altromondo |trans-title=Covid takes away Piero Bevitori, the historic patron of the Altromondo |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/il-covid-si-porta-via-piero-bevitori-lo-storico-patron-dell-altromondo.html |access-date=25 January 2024 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}} whose families still own the nightclub.{{Cite web |last=Spadazzi |first=Manuel |date=2 September 2019 |title=Discoteche Rimini, il gestore dell'Altromondo: "Resistiamo, ma la pista non tira più" |trans-title=The manager of the Altromondo on nightclubs in Rimini: "We resist, but the track no longer pulls" |url=https://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/rimini/cronaca/altromondo-discoteca-enrico-galli-04d169a4 |access-date=25 January 2024 |website=Il Resto del Carlino |language=it}} Altromondo was the most prominent of a series of nightclubs in Rimini and Riccione, and among the first large nightclubs in Italy, with the discjockey booth above the dance floor. Past performers at the club include Ray Charles, James Brown, Premiata Forneria Marconi, Banco del Mutuo Soccorso, The Creatures and The Rockets.
• Stronz d'Urland: A milestone along the Via Flaminia in Miramare marks the third mile away from Rimini. The structure is known in Romagnol as the {{Lang|rgn|stronz d'Urland}} (Italian: {{Lang|it|stronzo d'Orlando}}; lit.: Roland's turd).{{Cite web |date=27 February 2013 |title=Sopralluogo al nuovo sottopasso sulla Flaminia. Inaugurazione tra un mese. |trans-title=Inspection of the new underpass on the Flaminia: inauguration in a month. |url=https://www.newsrimini.it/2013/02/sopralluogo-al-nuovo-sottopasso-sulla-flaminia-inaugurazione-tra-un-mese/ |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=newsrimini.it |language=it}} The moniker comes from the size and shape of the milestone, imagining that the legendary Carolingian knight of Ludovico Ariosto's Orlando Furioso (1516), needing to relieve himself on his travels, deposited a turd on the side of the road.{{efn|name=rock|A rock in Piombino, Tuscany, shares the nickname.{{Cite web |last=Luppi |first=Gordiano |date=8 March 2020 |title=La leggenda dello stronzolo di Orlando |trans-title=The legend of Orlando's small turd |url=https://www.quinewsvaldicornia.it/piombino-la-leggenda-dello-stronzolo-di-orlando-gordiano-lupi.htm |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=www.quinewsvaldicornia.it |language=it}}{{Cite web |last=Agroppi |first=Aldo |date=8 September 2015 |title=Lo Scoglio d'Orlando inglobato dal cemento, la protesta di Aldo Agroppi |trans-title=The Scoglio d'Orlando incorporated by concrete: The protest of Aldo Agroppi |url=https://www.iltirreno.it/piombino/cronaca/2015/09/08/news/lo-scoglio-d-orlando-inglobato-dal-cemento-la-protesta-di-aldo-agroppi-1.12057885 |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Il Tirreno |language=it}} The phrase may originate from the twelfth {{Lang|it|canto}} of Alessandro Tassoni's poem La secchia rapita (1622), in which Sprangon calls Lemizzone {{Lang|rgn|stronz d'Urland}} as an insult.{{Cite book |last=Tassoni |first=Alessandro |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VupVAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR234 |title=La secchia rapita |publisher=Stampadur Ducal|year=1767 |editor-first=|location=Modena|pages=224 |language=rgn |trans-title=At the triumph of Modena for a bucket stolen from the Bolognese: A ridiculous poem transported in the Bolognese language from an academic of Tridell |author-link=Alessandro Tassoni |access-date=30 June 2023}}{{Cite book |last=Tassoni |first=Alessandro |url=https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/La_secchia_rapita_(1930)/Canto_duodecimo |title=La secchia rapita |publisher=Gius. Laterza & Figli |year=1930 |editor-last=Rossi |editor-first=Giorgio |location=Bari |pages=224 |language=it |trans-title=The Kidnapped Bucket |author-link=Alessandro Tassoni |access-date=30 June 2023}}}} Several poems document the legend;{{Cite web |last=Sacchini |first=Bruno |title=E stronz d'urland |trans-title=And Roland's turd |url=http://www.donatialoque.it/daniele/canzoni/stronz_urland.html |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=www.donatialoque.it |language=it}}{{Cite web |last=Muratori |first=Ivano Aurelio |date=6 June 2022 |title=Ch'jà fat e' Strónz d'Urland? |trans-title=Who made the turd of Roland? |url=https://archivio.chiamamicitta.it/chja-fat-e-stronz-durland/ |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Chiamamicitta |language=rgn}} in one, written in Romagnol, a man explains the moniker to his disbelieving grandson:

{{Blockquote|text=This turd, try to understand,
Who made it is anyone's guess.
A Roman? A big man?
Who maybe was called Roland?

He planted it in the right place:
Three miles from the Arch of Augustus.
Given that before there wasn't one,
It has become a milestone.|author=Ivano Aurelio Muratori|title=Ch’jà fat e’ Strónz d’Urland?}}

{{Infobox station

| name = Rimini Miramare Railway Station

| name_lang = en

| native_name = Stazione FS di Rimini Miramare

| native_name_lang = it

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| type = regional rail

| image = Знаменитая станция Мирамаре - panoramio.jpg

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| caption = Rimini Miramare railway station, August 2015

| address = Viale Ivo Oliveti

| borough = Miramare, Rimini (RN)

| country = Italy

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| line = {{Plainlist|Bologna–Ancona railway}}

| distance =

| platforms = 2

| tracks =

| train_operators = Trenitalia

| connections = Metromare
Route 9M bus

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| mapframe-custom = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=300|frame-height=180|zoom=12|type=point|marker=rail|coord={{Coord|44|1|48|N|12|37|05.16|E}}}}

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Rimini Miramare railway station (Italian: {{Lang|it|Stazione FS di Rimini Miramare}}) is a minor station on the Bologna–Ancona railway. The station is accessed from Viale Ivo Oliveti east of the tracks; a pedestrian underpass allows passengers to cross to the road's western continuation.{{Cite web |date=24 March 2017 |title=Rimini. A Miramare riapre il sottopasso pedonale di via Oliveti |trans-title=Rimini: The pedestrian underpass in Via Oliveti reopens in Miramare |url=https://www.libertas.sm/notizie-2017-03-24-rimini-a-miramare-riapre-il-sottopasso-pedonale-di-via-oliveti/ |access-date=25 January 2024 |website=libertas |language=it-SM}} In 2019, the station had an average weekday passenger entry and exit total of 1,020 in July and 203 in November.{{Cite web |title=Passeggeri trasportati: le frequentazioni |trans-title=Transported passengers: The frequencies |url=https://mobilita.regione.emilia-romagna.it/ferrovie/sezioni/passeggeri-trasportati-i-dati-sulle-frequentazioni |access-date=25 January 2024 |website=Mobilità Regione Emilia-Romagna |language=it}}

As of February 2024, the station is served by regional and fast regional ({{Lang|it|regionale veloce}}) trains, typically running between Ancona and Bologna Centrale or Piacenza. More trains stop at Rimini railway station, the next station northbound, and Riccione railway station, the next station southbound.{{Cite web |date=3 February 2024 |title=Orario Tutt'Italia Digitale: Edizione Invernale 2023–2024 |trans-title=Tutt'Italia Digital Timetable: Winter Edition 2023–2024 |url=https://www.trenitalia.com/content/dam/tcom/allegati/trenitalia_2014/informazioni/orario_digitale/Tuttitalia_light.pdf |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Trenitalia |language=it-IT}}

{{Main|Federico Fellini International Airport}}

Miramare is served by Federico Fellini International Airport, immediately to its west. The airport is a crucial nexus in the local economy, particularly for tourists visiting the {{Lang|it|riviera romagnola}}.{{Cite web |last=Spadazzi |first=Manuel |date=12 July 2023 |title=Svolta per l'aeroporto. "Il Fellini ha bisogno di noi imprenditori: torniamo a investire" |trans-title=Turning point for the airport: "Fellini needs us entrepreneurs: let's go back to investing" |url=https://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/rimini/cronaca/svolta-per-laeroporto-ieg-e-operatori-turistici-entrino-nella-gestione-cosi-aumentiamo-i-voli-40eb61b4 |access-date=8 January 2024 |website=Il Resto del Carlino |language=it-IT}} It recorded 215,767 passengers in 2022, rendering it the second-busiest airport in Emilia-Romagna.{{Cite web |date=11 May 2023 |title=Dati di traffico 2022 |trans-title=Traffic data 2022 |url=http://www.enac.gov.it/pubblicazioni/dati-di-traffico-2022 |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=Ente Nazionale per l'Aviazione Civile |page=181 |language=it}} The airport is mainly served by low-cost carriers and charter traffic.

The airport was built in 1929 as an aerodrome,{{Cite journal |last=Malizia |first=Nicola |year=2011 |title=La nascita del "Giannetto Vassura" |trans-title=The birth of the "Giannetto Vassura" |url=https://www.rotaryrimini.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ar_48_ARIMINUM-genn-febbr-low.pdf |journal=Ariminum |series=January-February 2011 |language=it-IT |location=Rimini |publisher=Rimini Rotary Club |issue=1 |pages=10–12}} on the site of the former {{Interlanguage link|Rimini-Riccione Defence Section|lt=Rimini-Riccione Defence Section|it|Sezione Difesa Rimini-Riccione}} of the army's Aeronautical Service.{{Cite web |date=24 April 2023 |title=L'aeroporto un pezzo di storia di Rimini. Per i cento anni dalla costruzione un ciclo di incontri |trans-title=The airport is a piece of Rimini's history: A series of meetings for the hundredth anniversary of its construction |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/social/aeroporto-storia-rimini-cento-anni-costruzione-ciclo-incontri.html |access-date=29 June 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}} It ranked among Italy's busiest airports during the 1960s, supported by international tourists visiting Rimini's beaches.{{Cite web |date=3 February 2017 |title=L'aeroporto di Rimini al quarto posto in Italia |trans-title=Rimini's airport in fourth place in Italy |url=https://www.riminiduepuntozero.it/laeroporto-di-rimini-al-quarto-posto-in-italia/ |access-date=29 June 2023 |website=Riminiduepuntozero |language=it-IT}} Its passenger use declined with the opening of the A14 tolled highway in 1966.{{Cite web |date=28 August 2016 |title=A14, 50 anni fa il via al boom turistico |trans-title=A14: 50 years ago, the tourist boom kicked off |url=https://www.corriereromagna.it/news-rimini-19513-a14-50-anni-via-turistico-html/ |access-date=29 June 2023 |website=Corriere Romagna |language=it-IT}} Since the end of the Cold War, Fellini Airport has been especially popular among tourists from the countries of the former Soviet Union.{{Cite web |last=Rtv |first=San Marino |date=12 February 2004 |title=Aeroporto di Rimini: dalla guerra all'ingresso di San Marino |trans-title=Rimini Airport: From the war to San Marino's entry |url=https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/news/attualita-c4/aeroporto-rimini-dalla-guerra-ingresso-san-marino-a92887 |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=San Marino RTV |language=it}}{{Cite web |date=7 January 2012 |title=Un 2011 da record per l'aeroporto: oltre 900mila passeggeri |trans-title=A record 2011 for the airport: over 900 thousand passengers |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/economia/aeroporto-rimini-record-passeggeri-2011.html |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}}{{Cite web |last=Torri |first=Tommaso |date=2 May 2015 |title=Aeroporto "Fellini": arrivato il via libera all'operatività 24 ore su 24 |trans-title=Fellini Airport: The green light has been given for 24-hour operations |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/rimini-aeroporto-fellini-arrivato-il-via-libera-all-operativita-24-ore-su-24.html |access-date=8 January 2024 |website=RiminiToday |language=it-IT}} Russian and Ukrainian passengers together represented 61% of Fellini Airport's passengers before the 2022 invasion,{{Cite web |last=Zavagli |first=Stefano |date=22 October 2023 |title=Tra residenti e turisti 2,8 milioni di passeggeri, ma solo il 5% vola dal Fellini. "Enormi margini di crescita" |trans-title=Between residents and tourists, 2.8 million passengers, but only 5% fly from Fellini. "Huge room for growth". |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/passeggeri-rimini-aeroporto-dati-enormi-margini-crescita.html |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}} which was projected to lose the airport 300,000 passengers annually.{{Cite web |last=Barducci |first=Giacomo |date=2 March 2022 |title=Aeroporto Federico Fellini: con la guerra circa 300.000 passeggeri in meno |trans-title=Federico Fellini Airport: With the war, about 300,000 fewer passengers |url=https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/news/attualita-c4/aeroporto-federico-fellini-con-la-guerra-circa-300-000-passeggeri-in-meno-a219552 |access-date=29 June 2023 |website=San Marino RTV |language=it}}{{Cite web |last=Zavagli |first=Stefano |date=2 March 2022 |title=La guerra azzera il turismo dall'Est, Corbucci: "Perderemo 50 voli a settimana e 300mila passeggeri" |trans-title=The war eliminates tourism from the East. Corbucci: "We will lose 50 flights a week and 300 thousand passengers." |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/aeroporto-fellini-guerra-azzera-turismo-est-50-aerei-cancellati.html |access-date=22 December 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}} Alongside its civilian history, the airport has a notable military history: it was the home of the {{Interlanguage link|5th Aerobrigade|lt=5th Aerobrigade|it|5º Stormo}} of the Italian Air Force between 1956 and 2010, and during the Cold War, it was identified by the Warsaw Pact as a strategic target in the event of an all-out war,{{Cite web |date=23 January 2015 |title=L'Aeronautica Militare a Rimini |trans-title=The Air Force in Rimini |url=https://www.romagnazone.it/storia-di-rimini/aeronautica-militare-rimini.html |access-date=29 June 2023 |website=RomagnaZone |language=it-IT}} housing several thousand Italian and NATO soldiers and thirty B61 nuclear bombs. Helicopters belonging to the 7th Army Aviation Regiment "Vega" remain at the airport.

After Fellini Airport, the closest major airports are Luigi Ridolfi Airport in Forlì, Raffaello Sanzio Airport in Ancona, and Guglielmo Marconi Airport in Bologna.{{Cite web |title=Dove siamo |trans-title=Where we are |url=https://www.riccione.it/it/it/dove-siamo |access-date=26 December 2023 |website=Comune di Riccione |language=it }}{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

File:Trolleybus in single-lane section of Metromare busway approaching Miramare station.jpg on the Metromare approaching the line's Miramare Station|left]]Opened in 2019, the Metromare trolleybus rapid transit line runs adjacent to the Bologna–Ancona railway with two stops in Miramare: Miramare Station (by the railway station) and Miramare Airport (by Via Cavalieri di Vittorio Veneto). The trolleybus line connects Rimini's railway station to Riccione's railway station. It is operated by Start Romagna SpA.

Miramare's stops on the Metromare fall in a neutral fare zone between those of Rimini and Riccione. Passengers can purchase tickets for travel in one or both fare zones, either of which are valid for journeys starting/terminating at Miramare's Metromare stops.{{Cite web |date=27 October 2021 |title=Il Metromare elettrico al 100%, in linea i nuovi mezzi |trans-title=The 100% electric Metromare: The new vehicles are live |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/il-metromare-elettrico-al-100-in-linea-i-nuovi-mezzi.html |access-date=11 June 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}}{{Cite web |date=20 November 2019 |title=Metromare, ufficializzate le tariffe della tratta Rimini-Riccione |trans-title=Metromare's Rimini-Riccione fares are officialised |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/metromare-ufficializzate-le-tariffe-della-tratta-rimini-riccione.html |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}}{{Cite web |date=21 July 2020 |title=Riparte il servizio del Metromare, bus sanificati ogni giorno e corse fino alle 2 |trans-title=The Metromare service starts again: Buses sanitised every day and services until 2 am |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/riparte-il-servizio-del-metromare-bus-sanificati-ogni-giorno-e-corse-fino-alle-2.html |access-date=11 June 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}}{{Cite web |date=25 July 2020 |title=Il Metromare torna in funzione: ripartono i collegamenti tra Rimini e Riccione |trans-title=The Metromare is back in operation: Connections between Rimini and Riccione restart |url=https://www.riminitoday.it/cronaca/il-metromare-torna-in-funzione-ripartono-i-collegamenti-tra-rimini-e-riccione.html |access-date=11 June 2023 |website=RiminiToday |language=it}}

As of June 2023, Miramare is served by the following bus routes, all operated by Start Romagna SpA:

• The route 11 trolleybus runs along Miramare's principal seafront avenue, Viale Regina Margherita/Viale Principe di Piemonte. North of Miramare, the route continues along the principal seafront avenue through the {{Lang|it|frazioni}} of Rivazzurra, Marebello and Bellariva, then serves Marina Centro before turning west at Parco Federico Fellini to terminate just past Rimini's railway station. South of Miramare, the route continues along the principal seafront avenue to Riccione's port district, terminating at Riccione Terme.{{Cite web |title=Rete dei trasporti pubblici del Comune di Rimini |trans-title=Public transport network of Rimini |url=https://www.startromagna.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/start_mappa_rimini-riccione_2017.pdf |access-date=7 June 2023 |website=Start Romagna |language=it}}
• Route 9 runs from Fellini Airport to Santarcangelo di Romagna or San Vito. Intermediate stops north of Miramare serve Rimini's southern residential suburbs, the city hospital, the Colonnella district, the Arch of Augustus, Rimini's railway station and Rimini Fiera. In Miramare, the line takes two possible routes: route 9T runs along the SS16 Via Flaminia state road, while route 9M runs adjacent to the railway line along Viale Londra/Viale Mosca, connecting the railway station and both Metromare stops to the airport.
• Route 124 runs along Viale Parigi/Viale Losanna in Miramare. North of Miramare, the route is similar to that of route 9, terminating at Rimini's railway station. South of Miramare, route 124 serves Riccione's northern residential suburbs and hospital, Villaggio Argentina, Misano Cella and Sant'Andrea in Casale, terminating in Morciano di Romagna.{{Cite web |title=Orari Linea 124 |trans-title=Route 124 Bus Schedule |url=https://www.startromagna.it/downloads/orari/Rimini_Linea_124.pdf |access-date=30 June 2023 |publisher=Start Romagna |language=it}}
• During the school season, route 134 stops on Miramare's principal seafront avenue. North of Miramare, the route turns off the principal seafront avenue after Bellariva to serve the city centre and railway station via the city hospital. South of Miramare, the route serves Misano Adriatico, Cattolica, San Giovanni in Marignano and Morciano. Outside the school season, route 134 runs between Cattolica and Morciano.

In Start Romagna's fare zone structure, Miramare is designated as zone 951, a neutral fare zone between Rimini and Riccione.{{Cite web |title=Rimini: Zona 900 e zone neutre |trans-title=Rimini: Zone 900 and neutral zones |url=https://www.startromagna.it/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Zona-tariffaria-urbana-Rimini.pdf |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Start Romagna |language=it}} Tickets can be sold for one or multiple fare zones; several routes extend to fare zones outside Rimini and Riccione.{{Cite web |title=Info Biglietti |trans-title=Tickets information |url=https://www.startromagna.it/biglietti/info-biglietti/ |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=Start Romagna |language=it-IT}}

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