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Moscow Governorate

{{Short description|1708–1929 unit of Russia}}

{{Expand Russian|topic=hist|Московская губерния|date=January 2021}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Moscow Governorate

| native_name = Московская губерния

| native_name_lang = ru

| settlement_type = Governorate

| image_shield = Coat of Arms of Moscow Governorate 1856.svg

| image_map = Moscow in Russian Empire (1914).svg

| mapsize = 225px

| map_caption = Location in the Russian Empire

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = Russian Empire

| subdivision_type1 =

| subdivision_name1 =

| subdivision_type2 =

| subdivision_name2 =

| established_title = Established

| established_date = 1708

| extinct_title = Abolished

| extinct_date = 1929

| seat_type = Capital

| seat = Moscow

| area_total_km2 = 33272.84

| population_as_of = 1897

| population_total = 2,430,581

| population_density_km2 = auto

| population_urban = 46.67%

| population_rural = 53.33%

| total_type = Total

}}

File:Map of Moscow Governorate in 1873.jpgs]]

The Moscow Governorate{{efn|{{Langx|ru|Моско́вская губе́рния}}, {{Langx|ru|Моско́вская губе́рнія|translit=Moskóvskaya gubérniya|label=pre-reform orthography}}}} was a province (guberniya) of the Tsardom of Russia, and the Russian Empire. It was bordered by Tver Governorate to the north, Vladimir Governorate to the northeast, Ryazan Governorate to the southeast, Tula Governorate to the south, Kaluga Governorate to the southwest, and Smolensk Governorate to the west. Moscow Governorate consisted of an area of {{convert|33,272.84|km2|mi2}} and a population of 2,430,581 in 1897. Its capital was in Moscow.

Administrative division

The counties (uezds) of the Moscow Governorate in 1897 were as follows:

class="wikitable sortable"
colspan=2| Countyrowspan=2| Capitalrowspan=2| Arearowspan=2| Population
(1897 census)
Transliteration nameRussian Cyrillic
BogorodskyБогородскійBogorodsk (Noginsk){{Convert|3068.5|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()|abbr=on}}222,341
BronnitskyБронницкійBronnitsy{{Convert|2051|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}130,304
VereyskyВерейскійVereya{{Convert|1623.3|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}54,074
VolokolamskyВолоколамскійVolokolamsk{{Convert|2138|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}80,984
Dmitrovsky UyezdДмитровскійDmitrov{{Convert|2974.6|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}119,686
ZvenigorodskyЗвенигородскійZvenigorod{{Convert|2012.3|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}84,375
KlinskyКлинскійKlin{{Convert|3095.9|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}115,162
KolomenskyКоломенскійKolomna{{Convert|1861.4|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}111,927
MozhayskyМожайскійMozhaysk{{Convert|1621.5|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}53,967
MoskovskyМосковскійMoscow{{Convert|2393|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}1,203,926
PodolskyПодольскійPodolsk{{Convert|2160.4|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}86,311
RuzskyРузскійRuza{{Convert|1984.1|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}55,522
SerpukhovskyСерпуховскійSerpukhov{{Convert|2252.4|verst2|km2 mi2|disp=br()}}112,002

History

Moscow Governorate, together with seven other governorates, was established on {{OldStyleDateNY|December 29|December 18}}, 1708, by Tsar Peter the Great's edict.[http://constitution.garant.ru/history/act1600-1918/2005/ Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписании к ним городов] {{in lang|ru}} As with the rest of the governorates, initially, neither the borders nor internal subdivisions of Moscow Governorate were defined; instead, the territory was defined as a set of cities and the lands adjacent to those cities.{{cite web|url=http://geo.1september.ru/2001/15/2.htm|title=Изменение административно-территориального деления России за последние 300 лет|author=С. А. Тархов|year=2001|work=Электронная версия журнала "География"}} Later, Moscow Governorate was subdivided into 13 uyezds.

class="wikitable"

|+ Cities included into Moscow Governorate at the time of its establishment

! # !! City !! # !! City !! # !! City

1.

|Moscow

|14.

|Lyubim

|27.

|Suzdal

2.

|Aleksin

|15.

|Medyn

|28.

|Tarussa

3.

|Borovsk

|16.

|Mikhaylov

|29.

|Tsarev Borisov

4.

|Dedilov

|17.

|Mozhaysk

|30.

|Tula

5.

|Dmitrov

|18.

|Obolensk

|31.

|Veneva

6.

|Gremyachey

|19.

|Pecherniki

|32.

|Vereya

7.

|Kaluga

|20.

|Pereslavl Ryazanskoy

|33.

|Volodimir

8.

|Klin

|21.

|Pereslavl Zaleskoy

|34.

|Volokolamsk

9.

|Kolomna

|22.

|Pronsk

|35.

|Yaroslavets Maly

10.

|Koshira

|23.

|Rostov

|36.

|Yepifan

11.

|Kostroma

|24.

|Ruza

|37.

|Yuryev Polskoy

12.

|Krapivna

|25.

|Serpukhov

|38.

|Zaraysk

13.

|Lukh

|26.

|Shuya

|39.

|Zvenigorod

The governorate underwent numerous changes in the following years, and was finally abolished on January 14, 1929 when modern Moscow Oblast was created.

Demography

=Language=

  • Population by mother tongue according to the Imperial census of 1897.

align="center" class="wikitable plainlinks TablePager"

|+

! |Language

! |Number

! |percentage (%)

! |males

! |females

----

|Russian

|2,371,102

|97.5

|1,181,296

|1,189,806

----

|German

|19,116

|0.7

|9,225

|9,891

----

|Polish

|10,960

|0.4

|7,676

|3,284

----

|Jewish

|5,756

|0.2

|3,795

|1,961

----

|Ukrainian

|5,506

|0.2

|4,838

|668

----

|Tatar

|5,469

|0.2

|4,492

|977

----

|French

|2,621

|0.1

|1,035

|1,586

----

|Armenian

|1,633

|0.0

|1,201

|432

----

|Belarusian

|1,292

|0.0

|948

|344

----

|English

|1,135

|0.0

|559

|576

----

|Latvian

|1,018

|0.0

|731

|287

----

|Lithuanian

|690

|0.0

|600

|90

----

|Czech

|636

|0.0

|397

|239

----

|Gypsy

|511

|0.0

|249

|262

----

|Estonian

|396

|0.0

|243

|153

----

|Italian

|374

|0.0

|220

|154

----

|Greek

|292

|0.0

|241

|51

----

|Swedish

|228

|0.0

|117

|111

----

|Chuvash

|152

|0.0

|147

|5

----

|Komi

|148

|0.0

|144

|4

----

|Bulgarian

|110

|0.0

|100

|10

----

|Other

|1,436

|0.0

|1,013

|423

----

|Total

|2,430,581

|100.0

|1,219,267

|1,211,314

|+

=Religion=

  • According to the Imperial census of 1897.[http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_rel_97.php?reg=47 Religion Statistics of 1897] {{in lang|ru}}

align="center" class="wikitable plainlinks TablePager"

|+

! |Religion

! |Number

! |percentage (%)

! |males

! |females

----

|PravoslavsEastern Orthodox, including Russian Orthodox, Greek Orthodox, and Georgian Orthodox

|2,272,145

|93.5

|1,139,289

|1,132,856

----

|Old Believers and others split from Pravoslavs

|99,825

|4.1

|44,682

|55,143

----

|Lutherans

|21,437

|0.8

|10,701

|10,736

----

|Roman Catholic

|17,670

|0.7

|11,497

|6,173

----

|Judaism

|8,704

|0.3

|5,400

|3,304

----

|Islam

|5,605

|0.2

|4,678

|927

----

|Reformed

|2,218

|0.0

|1,088

|1,130

----

|Armenian Gregorians

|1,640

|0.0

|1,188

|452

----

|Anglicans

|838

|0.0

|441

|397

----

|Karaites

|347

|0.0

|210

|137

----

|Armenian Catholic Church

|25

|0.0

|18

|7

----

|Buddhists, Lamaists

|11

|0.0

|11

|0

----

|Mennonites

|3

|0.0

|3

|0

----

|Other: Christian denominations

|103

|0.0

|52

|51

----

|Other: non-Christians

|10

|0.0

|9

|1

----

|Total

|2,430,581

|100.0

|1,219,267

|1,211,314

|+

Notes

{{Notes}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • {{Citation |publisher = Russian Outlook |author=William Henry Beable |publication-date = 1919 |publication-place = London |title = Russian Gazetteer and Guide |via=Open Library |chapter= Governments or Provinces of the Former Russian Empire: Moscow |year=1919 |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/russiangazetteer00beabiala#page/28/mode/2up }}
  • {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Moscow (government)|volume= 18 | page = 891 |short= 1}}

{{Subdivisions of the Russian Empire}}{{Authority control}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2014}}

{{coord|55.7517|N|37.6178|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}

Category:States and territories established in 1708

Category:States and territories disestablished in 1929

Category:Governorates of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

Category:1708 establishments in Russia

Category:18th century in Moscow

Category:19th century in Moscow

Category:1929 disestablishments in Russia

Category:Governorates of the Russian Empire

Category:History of Moscow Oblast

Category:History of Moscow